A multifunctional slag discharge system and construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to a multifunctional slag discharge system and construction method. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge device, a main drive, a shield body, and a segment assembly system; the cutterhead is located at the front end of the shield body, the main drive is installed inside the shield body and is connected to the cutterhead through a drive disc; the oil cylinder is located between the middle shield and the tail shield, and can push the shield body to move in the excavation direction; the segment assembly system is connected to the shield body through a M-beam flange plate; a partition that can be opened and closed is installed at the front end of the slag inlet of the shield body, and the slag discharge device is connected to the slag inlet; in the soil pressure mode, the slag discharge device squeezes and crushes the large-sized slag generated during the excavation process again; in the mud-water mode, the slag discharge device replaces the mud pipeline to transport slag; one end of the bottom of the support device is fixed to the segment assembly system, and the other end is used to support the slag discharge device, and the slag conveying device is located below the slag discharge door of the slag discharge device, so as to realize continuous slag conveying during the excavation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, and in particular to a multifunctional slag discharge system and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In today's booming development of urban underground space, the shield machine construction method has become the preferred method for tunnel construction due to its advantages of safety, reliability and high degree of mechanization.

[0003] Shield machines operate in complex and ever-changing underground tunnel environments, requiring them to meet different construction modes. In both earth pressure and slurry modes, the presence of large-sized slag can cause the slag discharge device to become stuck, limiting construction efficiency. In slurry mode, slurry pipelines and crushers are required to transport the slag, and replacing the slag discharge device takes considerable construction time. Slag transport is a key factor influencing shield construction efficiency, so ensuring continuous slag transport can improve shield construction efficiency to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a multifunctional slag discharge system and construction method, which can not only prevent the slag discharge device from getting stuck, but also meet the requirements of slag stone transportation under both earth pressure and mud water modes, thereby improving the efficiency of shield construction, saving space inside the shield body, reducing costs, and improving the economy of shield construction.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional slag discharge system, including a slag discharge device, a main drive, a shield and a segment assembly system;

[0007] The cutterhead is located at the front end of the shield body. The main drive is installed inside the shield body and connected to the cutterhead through the drive disc. The shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a rear shield. The oil cylinder is located between the middle shield and the rear shield and can push the shield body to move in the excavation direction. The segment assembly system is connected to the shield body through a M-beam flange plate.

[0008] A partition that can be opened and closed is installed at the front end of the slag inlet of the shield body, and the slag discharge device is connected to the slag inlet; in the earth pressure mode, the slag discharge device will squeeze and crush the large-sized slag produced during the excavation process again; in the mud and water mode, the slag discharge device replaces the mud pipeline to transport slag; one end of the bottom of the support device is fixed to the pipe segment assembly system, and the other end is used to support the slag discharge device. The slag conveying device is located below the slag discharge door of the slag discharge device, so as to realize continuous transportation of slag during the excavation process.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the slag discharge device includes a screw shaft, a crushing device, a cylinder segment, a transition device, a mud pipe 1, a peripheral drive, a lower slag discharge door, an upper slag discharge door and a mud pipe 2;

[0010] The spiral shaft is located at the center of the entire slag discharge device and has a hollow structure inside. A baffle is provided at the front end of the hollow structure and an opening is provided at the rear end. The opening is detachably connected to the mud pipe through a transition device.

[0011] The crushing device is arranged at the front end of the entire slag discharge device, and the crushing device includes an extrusion cylinder and a wear-resistant alloy cutter inside the extrusion cylinder; the crushing device adopts a block structure, and the block structure is connected by bolts;

[0012] The barrel segment is arranged on the outside of the spiral shaft, and the peripheral drive is installed at the front end of the barrel segment to drive the spiral shaft to rotate; the lower slag discharge door and the upper slag discharge door are installed below the end of the barrel segment, adopting an upper and lower slag discharge door structure, and a mud pipe 2 is provided between the upper and lower slag discharge doors, and an electric ball valve is provided on the mud pipe 2.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the cylinder segment includes cylinder segment 1, cylinder segment 2 and cylinder segment 3 which are connected as a whole by bolts; the cylinder segment 1 is connected to the extrusion cylinder body by bolts, and the cylinder segment 3 is connected to the transition device.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, both the cylinder section one and the cylinder section three are provided with observation windows.

[0015] As an optimal technical solution, the tool is welded in a cone shape and fixed inside the extrusion cylinder. The gap between the tools can only pass through small-sized slag. The large-sized slag is fully extruded by the blades on the spiral shaft and the tool to change the particle size of the slag so that it can pass smoothly through the gap between the wear-resistant alloy tools.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, in the mud-water mode, a crusher is provided before the mud pipe 1 to change the diameter of the slag.

[0017] As an optimal technical solution, the transition device includes a ring, a lip seal, a spacer ring, a flange plate one, a ball valve, and a flange plate two; the ring is sleeved on the outer end of the cylinder section three and fixed by welding, the inner side of the ring is provided with a spacer ring that contacts and cooperates with the outer wall of the cylinder section three, and a lip seal is provided between the inner side of the ring and the spacer ring; the end of the ring away from the cylinder section three is connected to the flange plate one by bolts, and the ball valve is connected between the flange plate one and the flange plate two.

[0018] As an optimal technical solution, the present invention discloses a construction method of the above-mentioned multifunctional slag discharge system, wherein the main drive drives the cutter disc to rotate through the driving disc, and the cutter disc conveys the slag to the slag inlet through the scraping system, and the partition is in an open state; when there is large-sized slag, the spiral shaft in the slag discharge device is a hollow structure and is in a closed state, the transition device and the mud pipe connected to the tail opening are removed, and the tail outlet of the spiral shaft is closed. The spiral blades at the front end of the spiral shaft and the wear-resistant alloy cutters inside the crushing device can squeeze the slag with excessively large particle size again through the extrusion force to change the particle size of the slag, and the small-sized slag can pass through the gaps between the wear-resistant alloy cutters, and the small-sized slag is then conveyed to the upper slag discharge door by the rotation of the spiral shaft.

[0019] As an optimal technical solution, in the earth pressure mode, the upper and lower slag discharge doors are opened to both ends, and the electric ball valve is closed to keep the mud pipe 2 in a closed state, and the small-particle slag is continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt through the lower slag discharge door.

[0020] As an optimal technical solution, in the mud and water mode, open the upper slag discharge door, close the lower slag discharge door, open the electric ball valve, and transport mud and slag through mud pipe 2; when small-particle slag exists in the mud, first close the partition, connect mud pipe 1 through the transition device, close the upper slag discharge door, open the baffle at the front end of the spiral shaft, and finally open the partition. The internal space of the slag discharge device can stabilize the pressure, and the spiral shaft transports mud and small-particle slag.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a multifunctional slag discharge device and shield construction method. In order to realize the function of the slag discharge device, a crushing device is set at the front end of the slag discharge device, and a wear-resistant alloy tool is installed inside the crushing device. During the excavation construction process, the scraping system on the cutter head transports the slag to the slag inlet. The blades of the spiral shaft inside the slag discharge device and the wear-resistant alloy tool inside the crushing device can crush the large-sized slag through secondary extrusion and crushing through the extrusion force to change the slag particle size. Small-sized slag can pass between the cutters, but large-sized slag is not allowed to pass through. The large-sized slag is finally converted into small-sized slag through the gap between the cutters after cyclic extrusion, and then the slag is transported under the rotation of the spiral shaft, preventing the slag discharge device from getting stuck. The spiral shaft inside the slag discharge device adopts a hollow structure, and an opening is set at the rear end to connect the transition joint and the mud pipe. It can replace the mud pipeline in the mud-water mode, and a mud pipe is set between the upper and lower slag doors to realize multi-channel slag discharge in the mud-water mode. In the earth pressure mode, the slag conveying can be completed by relying on the slag door. During tunnel construction, if there is large-sized slag, the multifunctional slag discharge device can not only prevent the occurrence of sticking, but also meet the requirements of slag transportation in both earth pressure and mud-water modes, and can realize multi-channel slag discharge in mud-water mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel boring device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slag discharge device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Left view of;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the extrusion cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Left view of;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the transition device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Right view of .

[0032] In the figure, 1. cutterhead; 2. main drive; 3. shield; 4. M-beam; 5. segment assembly system; 6. partition; 7. slag discharge device; 7-1. screw shaft; 7-2. crushing device; 7-2-1. extrusion cylinder; 7-2-2. cutter; 7-3. cylinder section 1; 7-4. cylinder section 2; 7-5. cylinder section 3; 7-6. transition device; 7-6-1. ring; 7-6-2. lip seal; 7-6-3. spacer ring; 7-6-4. flange plate 1; 7-6-5. ball valve; 7-6-6. flange plate 2; 7-7. mud pipe 1; 7-8 peripheral drive; 7-9. lower slag discharge door; 7-10. upper slag discharge door; 7-11. mud pipe 2; 7-12. electric ball valve; 7-13. observation window; 8. oil cylinder; 9. support device; 10. slag conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional slag discharge system, which includes a cutter head 1, a main drive 2, a shield 3, a slag discharge device 7 and a segment assembly system 5.

[0035] The cutterhead 1 is located at the front end of the shield body 3. The main drive 2 is installed inside the shield body and connected to the cutterhead 1 via a drive disc. During excavation, the main drive 2 rotates the cutterhead 1, crushing rock or soil. The shield body 3 comprises a front shield, a middle shield, and a rear shield. A cylinder 8, located between the middle and rear shields, propels the shield body 3 in the excavation direction. A mitre 4 is fixed to the shield body 3 via bolts and welding. The segment assembly system 5 is bolted to the flange plate of the mitre 4.

[0036] An openable and closable partition 6 is installed at the front end of the slag inlet, and the slag discharge device 7 is bolted to the slag inlet. In earth pressure mode, the larger slag produced during excavation is re-extruded and crushed by the slag discharge device 7, changing its particle size. In mud-water mode, the slag discharge device 7 can also replace the mud pipeline to fulfill its function of slag transportation. The bottom of the support device 9 is welded to the connecting beam of the main beam of the segment assembly system 5, and the other end is used to support the slag discharge device 7. The slag conveying device 10 is located below the slag discharge door 7-9 of the slag discharge device 7, ensuring continuous slag transportation during the excavation process.

[0037] Specifically, the slag discharge device includes a screw shaft 7-1, a crushing device 7-2, a barrel segment, a transition device 7-6, a mud pipe 1 7-7, a peripheral drive 7-8, a lower slag discharge door 7-9, an upper slag discharge door 7-10 and a mud pipe 2 7-11.

[0038] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the spiral shaft 7-1 is arranged at the center of the entire slag discharge device and has a hollow structure inside. A baffle is provided at the front end of the hollow structure and an opening is provided at the tail. The opening is detachably connected to the mud pipe through a transition device, thereby closing the tail of the spiral shaft 7-1.

[0039] The crushing device is arranged at the front end of the entire slag discharging device, and the crushing device includes an extrusion cylinder and a wear-resistant alloy cutter inside the cylinder.

[0040] The cylinder segment is arranged on the outside of the spiral shaft 7-1, and the cylinder segment includes cylinder segment 1 7-3, cylinder segment 2 7-4 and cylinder segment 3 7-5 which are connected as a whole by bolts; the cylinder segment 1 7-3 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 7-2-1 by bolts, and the cylinder segment 3 is connected to the transition device; observation windows 7-13 are provided on the cylinder segment 1 7-3 and the cylinder segment 3 7-5 to facilitate observation of the slag and stone transportation situation.

[0041] The peripheral drive 7-8 is installed on the outside of the cylinder section three 7-5, and is used to drive the screw shaft 7-1 to rotate; the lower slag discharge door 7-10 and the upper slag discharge door 7-9 are installed below the cylinder section three 7-5, adopting an upper and lower slag discharge door structure, and a mud pipe 2 7-11 is provided between the upper slag discharge door 7-10 and the lower slag discharge door 7-9, and an electric ball valve 7-12 is provided on the mud pipe 2 7-11.

[0042] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the crushing device 7-2 utilizes a segmented structure connected by bolts, allowing for easy disassembly and assembly to meet the requirements of both earth pressure and mud-water tunneling modes. The crushing device comprises an extrusion cylinder 7-2-1 and wear-resistant alloy cutters 7-2-2. The cutters 7-2-2 are welded to the extrusion cylinder in a tapered shape, allowing large-sized debris to pass smoothly through the gap between the cutters 7-2-2. The blades on the spiral shaft 7-1 and the cutters 7-2-2 compress the debris, changing its size and allowing it to pass smoothly through the gap between the cutters 7-2-2. When large-sized debris is present in earth pressure and mud-water tunneling modes, the slag discharge device can adjust the size of the debris to prevent slag jamming and ensure smooth discharge. In mud-water tunneling modes, when the debris in the mud is smaller, this device can replace the mud pipeline and crusher to transport the mud and debris, saving space within the shield, reducing costs, and improving the economic efficiency of shield construction. It also reduces the time required to replace the slag discharge device between different operation modes, significantly improving shield machine efficiency.

[0043] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the transition device 7-6 includes a ring 7-6-1, a lip seal 7-6-2, a spacer ring 7-6-3, a flange plate 1 7-6-4, a ball valve 7-6-5, and a flange plate 2 7-6-6; the ring 7-6-1 is sleeved on the outer end of the barrel section 3 7-5 and fixed by welding, the inner side of the ring 7-6-1 is provided with a spacer ring 7-6-3 that contacts and cooperates with the outer wall of the barrel section 3 7-5, and a lip seal 7-6-2 is provided between the inner side of the ring 7-6-1 and the spacer ring 7-6-3; the end of the ring 7-6-1 away from the barrel section 3 7-5 is connected to the flange plate 1 7-6-4 by bolts, and the ball valve 7-6-5 is connected between the flange plate 1 7-6-4 and the flange plate 2 7-6-5. In the mud-water mode, when mud pipe 7-7 and mud pipe 2 7-11 are required to discharge mud simultaneously, the lower slag discharge door 7-9 is closed and the electric ball valve 7-12 is opened. Mud pipe 7-7 is connected to transition device 7-6. When screw shaft 7-1 rotates, transition device 7-6 is prevented from rotating. The lip seal of 7-6-2, formed by ring 7-6-1 and spacer ring 7-6-3, effectively prevents mud and water from leaking out, ensuring stable slag discharge from mud pipe 7-7. This mud-water mode replaces the mud pipeline and crusher to complete the transportation of mud and slag, improving the efficiency of mud and water discharge, reducing costs, and saving slag discharge time, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the shield machine to a certain extent.

[0044] The present invention discloses a construction method of a shield machine with a multifunctional slag discharge system when constructing in a tunnel with a complex and changeable underground environment: the main drive 2 drives the cutter head 1 to rotate through the drive disc, and the cutter head 1 conveys the slag to the slag inlet through the scraping system, and the partition 6 is in an open state; when large-sized slag exists in the earth pressure mode and the mud water mode, the spiral shaft 7-1 in the slag discharge device 7 is a hollow structure and is in a closed state, the transition device 7-6 and the mud pipe 7-7 connected at the tail opening are removed, and the tail outlet of the spiral shaft 7-1 is closed. The spiral blades at the front end of the spiral shaft 7-1 and the wear-resistant alloy cutter 7-2-2 inside the crushing device 7-2 can squeeze the slag with too large a particle size again through the action of the extrusion force to change the particle size of the slag, and the small-sized slag can pass through the gap between the wear-resistant alloy cutters 7-2-2, and the spiral shaft 7-1 rotates to convey the small-sized slag to the upper slag discharge door 7-10. In earth pressure mode, the upper and lower slag gates are opened to both ends, and the electric ball valve 7-12 is closed to keep the mud pipe 2 7-11 closed. Small-sized slag is continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt 10 through the lower slag gate 7-9. In mud and water mode, the upper slag gate 7-10 is opened, the lower slag gate 7-9 is closed, and the electric ball valve 7-12 is opened to transport mud and slag through the mud pipe 2 7-11, ensuring continuous transportation of slag and preventing the slag discharge device 7 from getting stuck. In mud and water mode, if the slag particle size in the mud is small, the partition 6 is first closed, the mud pipe 1 7-7 is connected through the transition device 7-6, the upper slag gate 7-10 is closed, the baffle at the front end of the screw shaft 7-1 is opened, and finally the partition 6 is opened. At this time, the internal space of the slag discharge device 7 can stabilize the pressure, and its screw shaft 7-1 transports mud and small-sized slag, which can achieve efficient transportation of mud and slag. Due to the limitation of the diameter of mud pipe 1 in mud-water mode, a crusher needs to be installed before mud pipe 1 to change the diameter of the slag to prevent large-sized slag from clogging the mud pipe. This slag discharge device can replace mud pipe 1 and the crusher to complete the mud-slag conveying in mud-water mode. When large-sized slag is present in earth pressure mode or mud-water mode, the action of the spiral shaft and the crushing device changes the particle size of the slag to prevent the slag discharge device from getting stuck, ensuring smooth slag discharge. This device can replace mud pipe 1 and the crusher to convey mud-slag in mud-water mode, saving the time that the shield machine would have to suspend construction to replace the mud pipe and add a crusher, and to a certain extent improving the shield machine's construction efficiency. A single slag discharge device can meet the needs of slag conveying in both earth pressure and mud-water modes, and can achieve multi-channel slag discharge in mud-water mode, saving space inside the shield body, reducing costs, and improving the economic efficiency of shield machine construction.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and equivalent components may be substituted without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there are no structural conflicts, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be combined with each other in any manner, and the omission of an exhaustive description of such combinations in this specification is solely for the sake of space and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional slag discharge system, characterized by: Including slag discharge device, main drive, shield and segment assembly system; The cutterhead is located at the front end of the shield body. The main drive is installed inside the shield body and connected to the cutterhead through the drive disc. The shield body includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a rear shield. The oil cylinder is located between the middle shield and the rear shield and can push the shield body to move in the excavation direction. The segment assembly system is connected to the shield body through a M-beam flange plate. A diaphragm that can be opened and closed is installed at the front end of the shield's slag inlet, and the slag discharge device is connected to the slag inlet. In the earth pressure mode, the slag discharge device crushes the large-sized slag generated during the excavation process. In the mud-water mode, the slag discharge device replaces the mud pipeline to transport slag. One end of the bottom of the support device is fixed to the segment assembly system, and the other end is used to support the slag discharge device. The slag conveying device is located below the slag discharge door of the slag discharge device, realizing continuous slag transportation during the excavation process. The slag discharge device includes a screw shaft, a crushing device, a cylinder segment, a transition device, a mud pipe 1, a peripheral drive, a lower slag discharge door, an upper slag discharge door and a mud pipe 2; The spiral shaft is located at the center of the entire slag discharge device and has a hollow structure inside. A baffle is provided at the front end of the hollow structure and an opening is provided at the rear end. The opening is detachably connected to the mud pipe through a transition device. The crushing device is arranged at the front end of the entire slag discharge device, and the crushing device includes an extrusion cylinder and a cutter inside the cylinder; the crushing device adopts a block structure, and the block structure is connected by bolts; The barrel segment is arranged outside the spiral shaft, and the peripheral drive is installed at the front end of the barrel segment to drive the spiral shaft to rotate; the lower slag discharge door and the upper slag discharge door are installed below the end of the barrel segment, adopting an upper and lower slag discharge door structure, and a mud pipe 2 is provided between the upper and lower slag discharge doors, and an electric ball valve is provided on the mud pipe 2; The transition device includes a ring, a lip seal, a spacer ring, a flange plate 1, a ball valve, and a flange plate 2; the ring is sleeved on the outer end of the cylinder section 3 and fixed by welding, the inner side of the ring is provided with a spacer ring that contacts and cooperates with the outer wall of the cylinder section 3, and a lip seal is provided between the inner side of the ring and the spacer ring; the end of the ring away from the cylinder section 3 is connected to the flange plate 1 by bolts, and the ball valve is connected between the flange plate 1 and the flange plate 2.

2. The multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder segment includes cylinder segment 1, cylinder segment 2 and cylinder segment 3 which are connected as a whole by bolts; the cylinder segment 1 is connected to the extrusion cylinder body by bolts, and the cylinder segment 3 is connected to the transition device.

3. The multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Observation windows are provided on the cylinder section one and the cylinder section three.

4. The multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool is welded and fixed in a cone shape inside the extrusion cylinder. Only small-sized slag can pass through the gap between the tool. Large-sized slag is fully squeezed by the blades on the spiral shaft and the tool to change its particle size so that it can pass smoothly through the gap between the tool.

5. The multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the mud-water mode, a crusher is provided before the mud pipe 1.

6. The construction method of the multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drive drives the cutter disc to rotate through the driving disc, and the cutter disc conveys the slag to the slag inlet through the scraping system, and the partition is in an open state; when there is large-sized slag, the spiral shaft in the slag discharge device is a hollow structure and is in a closed state, the transition device and the mud pipe connected to the tail opening are removed, and the tail outlet of the spiral shaft is closed. The spiral blades at the front end of the spiral shaft and the wear-resistant alloy cutters inside the crushing device can squeeze the slag with too large a particle size again through the extrusion force to change the particle size of the slag, and the small-sized slag can pass through the gap between the wear-resistant alloy cutters, and then the spiral shaft rotates to convey the small-sized slag to the upper slag discharge door.

7. The construction method of the multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the earth pressure mode, the upper and lower slag gates are opened to both ends, and the electric ball valve is closed to keep the mud pipe 2 in a closed state, and the small-size slag is continuously transported to the slag conveyor belt through the lower slag gate.

8. The construction method of the multifunctional slag discharge system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In mud and water mode, open the upper slag discharge door, close the lower slag discharge door, open the electric ball valve, and transport mud and slag through mud pipe 2; when small-sized slag exists in the mud, first close the partition, connect mud pipe 1 through the transition device, close the upper slag discharge door, open the baffle at the front end of the spiral shaft, and finally open the partition. The internal space of the slag discharge device can stabilize the pressure, and the spiral shaft transports mud and small-sized slag.

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