A spherical cast iron brake disc containing niobium-copper alloy

Abstract

A niobium-copper alloy ductile iron brake disc comprises a brake disc body, a brake caliper positioned outside the brake disc body, a friction pad disposed on the caliper, and a brake drum connected to the brake disc body. The disc body also includes 0.05-0.3% niobium and 0.2-0.6% copper added to the disc body. The disc also includes a heat dissipation mechanism disposed within the disc body, a brake mechanism connected to the heat dissipation mechanism and configured to clamp the side of the brake drum, and a reset mechanism connected to the brake mechanism and configured to reset the brake mechanism. The niobium-copper alloy ductile iron brake disc provided by the present invention utilizes a trace niobium alloying model to add niobium and copper to the ductile iron brake disc, effectively increasing the pearlite content in the ductile iron metallographic structure. This increases the strength of the ductile iron brake disc while also improving its wear resistance, effectively reducing wear on the ductile iron brake disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brake discs, and in particular to a niobium-copper alloy-containing spherical-milled cast iron brake disc. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry, commercial vehicle disc brakes have gradually replaced drum brakes. However, in order to ensure a certain braking distance requirement, disc brakes have increased the vehicle's braking force setting. As a result, the brake disc cracks during braking, leading to brake failure. In order to ensure that the brake disc does not crack, some manufacturers have adopted a model where ductile iron materials are used instead of gray cast iron materials to reduce the probability of brake disc cracking. While reducing the probability of cracking, the wear resistance of the brake disc is also reduced, thereby reducing the service life of the brake disc.

[0003] In order to achieve the spheroidizing effect, existing ductile iron brake discs generally do not add anti-graphitizing elements, resulting in a low pearlite content in the ductile iron brake discs. Although this solves the problem of brake disc cracking, it reduces the wear resistance of the brake discs and shortens their service life. The present invention addresses this technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a ductile iron brake disc containing niobium and copper alloy. By using a trace niobium element alloying model, niobium and copper are added to the ductile iron brake disc, effectively increasing the pearlite content in the ductile iron metallographic structure, thereby increasing the strength of the ductile iron brake disc while increasing the wear resistance of the brake disc, and effectively reducing the wear of the ductile iron brake disc.

[0005] A niobium-copper alloy ductile iron brake disc comprises a brake disc body, a brake caliper located outside the brake disc body, a friction block disposed on the brake caliper, and a brake drum connected to the brake disc body. The disc body also comprises 0.05-0.3% niobium and 0.2-0.6% copper. The above-mentioned method effectively increases the pearlite content in the ductile iron metallographic structure. The original pearlite content is 40-60%. After adding 0.05-0.3% niobium, the pearlite content can be increased to 50-80%. This increases the strength of the ductile iron brake disc while increasing its wear resistance, effectively reducing the wear of the ductile iron brake disc. Compared with the service life of the original ductile iron brake disc, the service life of the ductile iron brake disc in this solution is increased by 10-15%.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation mechanism arranged inside the brake disc body, a brake mechanism connected to the heat dissipation mechanism and used to clamp the side of the brake drum, and a reset mechanism connected to the brake mechanism and used to reset the brake mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the brake disc body includes an upper brake disc and a lower brake disc connected to the upper brake disc by connecting ribs. The bottom surface of the upper brake disc and the top surface of the lower brake disc are respectively spherically jointed with a plurality of balls, and the heat dissipation mechanism is located between the upper brake disc and the lower brake disc.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat dissipation mechanism includes a plurality of heat dissipation plates arranged in a circular array, one end of each of the heat dissipation plates is respectively arranged on the side of the connecting tube, and the bottom of the connecting tube is arranged on the lower brake disc;

[0009] A ventilation groove is provided in the heat dissipation plate, and a plurality of ventilation holes connected with the ventilation groove are provided on the side. The open end of the ventilation groove is provided on the top surface of the connecting tube. The top surface and bottom surface of the heat dissipation plate are respectively in contact with the ball.

[0010] Furthermore, the brake mechanism includes a threaded plate located on the top surface of the upper brake disc and a plurality of clamping blocks connected to the top surface of the threaded plate. The threaded plate is annular, the inner side of which is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting tube, and the top surface is provided with a spiral groove. The threaded plate is connected to a driving mechanism that rotates the threaded plate.

[0011] The bottom surface of the clamping block is provided with a protrusion that matches the groove, and the clamping block is slidably arranged on the cover plate. The cover plate is annular, and the inner side is fitted on the outer side of the connecting tube. The cover plate is provided with a strip-shaped open groove 1, and the protrusion on the clamping block is connected to the groove through the open groove 1. The threaded plate is located between the cover plate and the upper brake disc.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the cover plate is provided with a second opening groove, the driving mechanism includes a rotating column slidably provided in the second opening groove, a meshing tooth first provided at the outer end of the rotating column, a meshing tooth second provided on the top surface of the upper brake disc and meshing with the meshing tooth first, a meshing tooth third is provided at the other end of the rotating column, and a meshing tooth fourth is provided on the side of the threaded plate to cooperate with the meshing tooth third;

[0013] The friction block is provided with a through groove 1, and the through groove is arranged on the outer side of the rotating column.

[0014] Furthermore, the reset mechanism includes a motor coaxially connected to the end of the rotating column, a controller connected to the motor, and a distance sensor is provided on the clamping block, and the distance sensor is connected to the controller;

[0015] The brake caliper is provided with a second through-slot, and the motor is slidably arranged in the second through-slot.

[0016] Furthermore, two connecting plates are provided on the outer side of the cover plate, and the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the brake caliper through bolts.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of through slots three are opened on the side of the connecting tube, and a plurality of the clamping blocks are detachably located in the plurality of through slots three, and the clamping blocks pass through the through slots three to contact the side of the brake drum.

[0018] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) This solution alloys the ductile iron brake disc by adding 0.05-0.3% niobium and 0.2-0.6% copper to the material of the ductile iron brake disc, thereby improving the wear resistance and service life of the ductile iron brake disc without affecting the spheroidization effect of the production process;

[0020] (2) The heat dissipation mechanism can remain stationary during the rotation of the brake disc body, so that it rotates relative to the brake disc body. During the rotation of the brake disc body, air flow is generated between the upper brake disc and the lower brake disc. The heat generated by the brake disc body will flow into the ventilation groove through the ventilation holes provided on the side of the heat dissipation plate along with the air flow, and flow out from the top surface of the connecting tube, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation performance of the brake disc. The ball bearings will reduce the friction between the heat dissipation plate and the brake disc body, making the heat dissipation plate less likely to rotate.

[0021] (3) When the friction block contacts the top surface of the upper brake disc, it drives the rotating column to slide along the second opening groove, and causes the meshing tooth 1 on the rotating column to mesh with the meshing tooth 2 of the upper brake disc. Under the rotation of the upper brake disc, the rotating column drives the threaded plate to rotate, thereby causing the clamping block connected to the threaded plate to slide inward along the first opening groove, and slide to the side of the clamping block that clamps the brake drum, so that the brake disc can stop rotating faster, thereby completing the braking process faster.

[0022] (4) After the braking is completed, the controller will receive the signal from the distance sensor and then start the motor in the reset mechanism to drive the rotating column to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the threaded plate to rotate in the opposite direction and then reset the clamping block. When the clamping block is reset, the controller will receive the signal from the distance sensor and stop the motor, thereby completing the reset work and allowing the car to start normally without affecting the subsequent braking process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake disc body in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake mechanism in the present invention.

[0029] Among them, the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Brake drum; 2. Connecting tube; 3. Brake caliper; 4. Opening groove one; 5. Through groove three; 6. Heat dissipation plate; 7. Lower brake disc; 8. Connecting rib; 9. Upper brake disc; 10. Cover plate; 11. Clamping block; 12. Distance sensor; 13. Through groove two; 14. Motor; 15. Friction block; 16. Meshing tooth one; 17. Ball; 18. Meshing tooth two; 19. Ventilation groove; 20. Ventilation hole; 21. Rotating column; 22. Protrusion; 23. Meshing tooth four; 24. Meshing tooth three; 25. Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0031] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 A niobium-copper alloy ductile iron brake disc includes a brake disc body, a brake caliper 3 located outside the brake disc body, a friction block 15 arranged on the brake caliper 3, and a brake drum 1 connected to the brake disc body. The brake disc body also includes 0.05-0.3% niobium and 0.2-0.6% copper added to the brake disc body. Through the above method, the pearlite content in the ductile iron metallographic structure is effectively increased. The original pearlite content is 40-60%. After adding 0.05-0.3% niobium, the pearlite content can be increased to 50-80%, which increases the strength of the ductile iron brake disc while increasing the wear resistance of the brake disc, effectively reducing the wear of the ductile iron brake disc. Compared with the service life of the original ductile iron brake disc, the service life of the ductile iron brake disc in this solution is increased by 10-15%.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation mechanism arranged inside the brake disc body, a brake mechanism connected to the heat dissipation mechanism and used to clamp the side of the brake drum 1, and a reset mechanism connected to the brake mechanism and used to reset the brake mechanism.

[0033] See also Figure 3The brake disc body includes an upper brake disc 9 and a lower brake disc 7 connected to the upper brake disc 9 by a connecting rib 8. The bottom surface of the upper brake disc 9 and the top surface of the lower brake disc 7 are respectively spherically jointed with a plurality of balls 17. The heat dissipation mechanism is located between the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7. The brake drum 1 in this embodiment is connected to the lower brake disc 7, and there is a gap between the upper brake disc 9 and the side of the brake drum 1; in this embodiment, the edges of the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7 are not closed, so that the air between the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7 can circulate better. According to actual needs, the edges of the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7 can be in a closed state.

[0034] See also Figure 4 The heat dissipation mechanism includes a plurality of heat dissipation plates 6 arranged in a circular array, one end of each of the heat dissipation plates 6 is respectively arranged on the side of the connecting tube 2, and the bottom of the connecting tube 2 is arranged on the lower brake disc 7;

[0035] A ventilation groove 19 is provided in the heat dissipation plate 6, and a plurality of ventilation holes 20 connected to the ventilation groove 19 are provided on the side. The open end of the ventilation groove 19 is provided on the top surface of the connecting tube 2. The top and bottom surfaces of the heat dissipation plate 6 are in contact with the balls 17 respectively. The connecting tube 2 in this embodiment is located in the gap between the upper brake disc 9 and the brake drum 1.

[0036] See also Figure 5 、 Figure 6 The brake mechanism includes a threaded plate located on the top surface of the upper brake disc 9 and three clamping blocks 11 connected to the top surface of the threaded plate. The threaded plate is annular and is sleeved on the outside of the connecting tube 2. A spiral groove 25 is provided on the top surface. The threaded plate is connected to the driving mechanism that rotates itself.

[0037] The bottom surface of the clamping block 11 is provided with a protrusion 22 that cooperates with the groove 25, and the clamping block 11 is slidably set on the cover plate 10. The cover plate 10 is annular, and the inner side is fitted to the outer side of the connecting tube 2. The cover plate 10 is provided with a strip-shaped open groove 14. The protrusion 22 on the clamping block 11 is connected to the groove 25 through the open groove 14. The threaded plate is located between the cover plate 10 and the upper brake disc 9. During the rotation of the threaded plate, the spiral groove 25 will push the protrusion 22 on the clamping block 11 to move, so that the clamping block 11 can slide in the open groove 14.

[0038] Furthermore, the side of the cover plate 10 is provided with an open slot 2, and the driving mechanism includes a rotating column 21 slidably provided in the open slot 2, a meshing tooth 16 provided at the outer end of the rotating column 21, a meshing tooth 2 18 provided on the top surface of the upper brake disc 9 and meshing with the meshing tooth 1 16, a meshing tooth 3 24 is provided at the other end of the rotating column 21, and a meshing tooth 4 23 is provided on the side of the threaded plate to cooperate with the meshing tooth 3 24;

[0039] The friction block 15 is provided with a through groove 1, and a through groove set is provided on the outer side of the rotating column 21. In this embodiment, the meshing tooth 3 24 and the meshing tooth 4 23 are always meshed.

[0040] Furthermore, the reset mechanism includes a motor 14 coaxially connected to the end of the rotating column 21, a controller connected to the motor 14, and a distance sensor 12 is provided on the clamping block 11, and the distance sensor 12 is connected to the controller;

[0041] The brake caliper 3 is provided with a through slot 2 13, and the motor 14 is slidably arranged in the through slot 2 13. When the braking is completed, the position of the clamping block 11 changes relative to the original position. The controller will receive a signal from the distance sensor 12, and then start the motor 14 in the reset mechanism to drive the rotating column 21 to rotate, and the rotation direction is reverse, so that the threaded plate rotates in the reverse direction, and then the clamping block 11 moves in the reverse direction to complete the reset. When the clamping block 11 is reset, the controller will receive a signal from the distance sensor 12 and stop the motor 14, thereby completing the reset work.

[0042] Preferably, in this solution, the motor 14 does not rotate when the driver steps on the brake, effectively avoiding the situation where the controller controls the motor 14 to rotate when the clamping block 11 just clamps the brake drum 1, causing the clamping block 11 to reset.

[0043] Furthermore, two connecting plates are provided on the outside of the cover plate 10, and the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the brake caliper 3 by bolts to ensure that the cover plate 10 will not rotate with the rotation of the brake disc body, thereby preventing the connecting tube 2 and the heat dissipation plate 6 connected to the connecting tube 2 from rotating.

[0044] Furthermore, a plurality of through slots 3 5 are formed on the side of the connecting tube 2 , and a plurality of clamping blocks 11 are detachably located in the plurality of through slots 3 5 . The clamping blocks 11 pass through the through slots 3 5 and contact the side of the brake drum 1 .

[0045] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] When the car is running, the brake disc body and the brake drum 1 will rotate, the cover plate 10 connected to the brake caliper 3 remains stationary, the connecting tube 2 connected to the cover plate 10 and the heat dissipation plate 6 connected to the connecting tube 2 will remain stationary. Since the friction block 15 is not in contact with the top surface of the upper brake disc 9 at this time, the rotating column 21 provided on the friction block 15 does not contact the upper brake disc 9, so that the meshing tooth 1 16 and the meshing tooth 2 18 do not come into contact. The rotating column 21 itself remains stationary, and the meshing tooth 3 24 and the meshing tooth 4 23 are always engaged. The threaded plate is rotatably sleeved on the connecting tube 2, so that the threaded plate does not rotate, thereby keeping the clamping block 11 stationary.

[0047] The brake disc body generates heat during rotation. At the same time, airflow is generated between the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7. Since the top and bottom surfaces of the heat sink 6 are in contact with the balls 17 respectively, the friction between the heat sink 6 and the brake disc body is reduced, thereby reducing some of the heat generation. In addition, the side of the balls 17 are in rolling contact with the heat sink 6, which can reduce the wear of the balls 17. The heat between the upper brake disc 9 and the lower brake disc 7 will enter the ventilation slot 19 through the several ventilation holes 20 on the side of the heat sink 6 along with the airflow, and flow out from the opening of the ventilation slot 19 at the top of the connecting tube 2, so that the device has good heat dissipation performance.

[0048] When the brakes are required, the friction block 15 in the brake caliper 3 will come into contact with the top surface of the upper brake disc 9. Driven by the friction block 15, the rotating column 21 will slide along the open groove 2, and the meshing tooth 16 on the rotating column 21 will mesh with the meshing tooth 2 18 on the top surface of the upper brake disc 9. As a result, under the rotation of the upper brake disc 9, the rotating column 21 will rotate, and the threaded plate will also rotate under the action of the meshing teeth 3 24 and the meshing teeth 4 23, thereby driving the clamping block 11 to slide in the open groove 1 4. The clamping block 11 in this embodiment will move toward the brake drum 1 under the rotation of the threaded plate, and the clamping block 11 will not rotate. When the three clamping blocks 11 pass through the through groove 3 5 and clamp the side of the brake drum 1, the brake drum 1 will gradually stop rotating under the action of friction force, and the wheel and brake disc body connected to the brake drum 1 will also stop rotating, thereby completing the braking process.

[0049] When the clamping block 11 clamps the brake drum 1, the distance sensor 12 arranged on the clamping block 11 will sense that the position of the clamping block 11 has changed compared to the original position, thereby sending a signal to the controller. When the driver releases the brake, the friction block 15 will drive the rotating column 21 to leave the upper brake disc 9, the meshing tooth 1 16 and the meshing tooth 2 18 are separated, and the meshing tooth 3 24 and the meshing tooth 4 23 remain in meshing state. At this time, the controller will start the motor 14, so that the motor 14 drives the rotating column 21 to rotate. The direction of rotation of the rotating column 21 driven by the motor 14 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating column 21 driven by the upper brake disc 9, so that the threaded plate will rotate in the opposite direction and drive the clamping block 11 to slide in the opposite direction. When the clamping block 11 is reset, the controller will receive the signal from the distance sensor 12, thereby stopping the motor 14 and the clamping block 11 from moving, completing the reset process.

[0050] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Professional and technical personnel in this field can derive other embodiments from the above embodiments without paying any creative work. Therefore, this application not only protects the above embodiments, but also protects the widest scope consistent with the principles and features of this solution.

Claims

1. A niobium-copper alloy spherical cast iron brake disc, comprising a brake disc body, a brake caliper (3) located outside the brake disc body, a friction block (15) arranged on the brake caliper (3), and a brake drum (1) connected to the brake disc body, characterized in that: It also includes 0.05-0.3% niobium and 0.2-0.6% copper added to the brake disc body; It also includes a heat dissipation mechanism arranged inside the brake disc body, a brake mechanism connected to the heat dissipation mechanism and used to clamp the side of the brake drum (1), and a reset mechanism connected to the brake mechanism and used to reset the brake mechanism; The brake disc body comprises an upper brake disc (9) and a lower brake disc (7) connected to the upper brake disc (9) via a connecting rib (8); a bottom surface of the upper brake disc (9) and a top surface of the lower brake disc (7) are respectively spherically hinged with a plurality of balls (17); and the heat dissipation mechanism is located between the upper brake disc (9) and the lower brake disc (7); The heat dissipation mechanism comprises a plurality of heat dissipation plates (6) arranged in a circular array, one end of each of the heat dissipation plates (6) is respectively arranged on the side of the connecting cylinder (2), and the bottom of the connecting cylinder (2) is arranged on the lower brake disc (7); A ventilation groove (19) is provided in the heat dissipation plate (6), and a plurality of ventilation holes (20) are provided on the side thereof and are communicated with the ventilation groove (19). The open end of the ventilation groove (19) is provided on the top surface of the connecting tube (2). The top surface and the bottom surface of the heat dissipation plate (6) are respectively in contact with the ball (17). The brake mechanism includes a threaded plate located on the top surface of the upper brake disc (9), and a plurality of clamping blocks (11) connected to the top surface of the threaded plate. The threaded plate is annular, and its inner side is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting tube (2). A spiral groove (25) is provided on the top surface. The threaded plate is connected to a driving mechanism that rotates the threaded plate. The bottom surface of the clamping block (11) is provided with a protrusion (22) that matches the groove (25), and the clamping block (11) is slidably arranged on the cover plate (10), the cover plate (10) is annular, and the inner side is fitted on the outer side of the connecting tube (2), and the cover plate (10) is provided with a strip-shaped opening groove (4), and the protrusion (22) on the clamping block (11) is connected to the groove (25) through the opening groove (4), and the threaded plate is located between the cover plate (10) and the upper brake disc (9); The side of the cover plate (10) is provided with an opening groove 2, and the driving mechanism includes a rotating column (21) slidably provided in the opening groove 2, a meshing tooth 1 (16) provided at the outer end of the rotating column (21), and a meshing tooth 2 (18) provided on the top surface of the upper brake disc (9) and meshing with the meshing tooth 1 (16), the other end of the rotating column (21) is provided with a meshing tooth 3 (24), and the side of the threaded plate is provided with a meshing tooth 4 (23) matched with the meshing tooth 3 (24); The friction block (15) is provided with a through groove one, and the through groove is provided on the outer side of the rotating column (21); The reset mechanism comprises a motor (14) coaxially connected to the end of the rotating column (21), and a controller connected to the motor (14); a distance sensor (12) is provided on the clamping block (11), and the distance sensor (12) is connected to the controller; The brake caliper (3) is provided with a second through-slot (13), and the motor (14) is slidably arranged in the second through-slot (13); Two connecting plates are provided on the outer side of the cover plate (10), and the two connecting plates are respectively connected to the brake caliper (3) by bolts; A plurality of through slots (5) are provided on the side of the connecting tube (2), and a plurality of the clamping blocks (11) are detachably located in the plurality of through slots (5).

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