Agricultural product drying system and drying method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of agricultural product drying system and drying method, comprising, for accommodating the drying chamber of agricultural product to be dried;Steam supply system for providing low-temperature superheated steam for the drying chamber;For transporting low-temperature superheated steam to each part of the system steam pipeline system;Characterized in that: the low-temperature superheated steam is transported to the drying chamber by the pipeline system to dry the agricultural product to be dried.When the present application is used to dry agricultural product with low-temperature superheated steam, the nutritional components and taste of the agricultural product can be effectively maintained, and the quality of the dried agricultural product can be greatly improved compared with the prior art and equipment;Meanwhile, it has high drying efficiency, energy saving, no pollution;Meanwhile, the technical scheme has simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and has good market prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drying equipment, in particular to an agricultural product drying system and a drying method. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is a large agricultural country. With the development of society, the production and preservation of agricultural products and by-products require the use of drying equipment in many scenarios. For example, direct crops such as sorghum, rice, peanuts, corn, and wheat need to be processed or stored after being treated by drying equipment. At the same time, agricultural by-products, including food, economic crops, timber, industrial oil and paint glue, poultry products, cocoon and silk, dried and fresh fruits, dried and fresh vegetables and condiments, medicinal materials, soil by-products, water products, etc. also need different degrees of drying treatment.

[0003] However, most of the drying equipment currently used on the market dries agricultural products by using hot air. The traditional drying equipment and technology have poor drying uniformity, which greatly affects the taste and nutritional value of the dried agricultural products. The quality of the dried agricultural products is difficult to meet the requirements, the unit heat consumption is high, the energy loss is huge, and the operation efficiency is low. At the same time, dust during the drying process causes serious environmental pollution.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN205124897U discloses a grain dryer, which includes a drying barrel. The upper part of the drying barrel is provided with a feeding port and an exhaust port. The lower part of the drying barrel is provided with a discharging port and an air inlet. The exhaust port is provided with an exhaust fan, and the air inlet is provided with an air inlet fan. A plurality of heating pipes are arranged in the side wall and the bottom wall of the drying barrel. The principle of this device is to heat and dry agricultural products by using traditional heating pipes. The drying efficiency is low. When the heating pipes heat up, the temperature of the surrounding area rises quickly, and the temperature of other areas of the drying barrel is low, which may cause uneven drying and affect the quality of the dried agricultural products. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide an agricultural product drying system and a drying method to solve the technical problems of low drying efficiency, impact on the quality of agricultural products after drying, high drying energy consumption, and environmental pollution during the drying process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific technical solution of an agricultural product drying system and a drying method is as follows:

[0007] An agricultural product drying system, comprising a drying chamber for accommodating agricultural products to be dried; a steam supply system for supplying low-temperature superheated steam to the drying chamber; a steam pipeline system for delivering low-temperature superheated steam to various parts of the system; characterized in that the low-temperature superheated steam is delivered to the drying chamber through the pipeline system to dry the agricultural products to be dried.

[0008] Further, the drying chamber comprises an inlet for the agricultural products to be dried to enter the drying chamber;

[0009] a steam inlet for the low-temperature superheated steam to enter; a steam outlet for steam in the drying chamber to be discharged; a discharging device for the dried agricultural products to be discharged from the drying chamber; and a gas extraction device for reducing the air pressure in the drying chamber.

[0010] Further, the inlet is arranged in a sealable manner above the drying chamber; the steam inlet is arranged on the outer side wall of the lower part of the drying chamber; the steam outlet is arranged above the drying chamber; the discharging device is arranged below the drying chamber in a sealable manner; and the gas extraction device is communicated with the steam outlet.

[0011] Further, it further comprises an overall frame arranged outside the drying chamber.

[0012] Still further, the outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with an inlet steam passage layer for the circulation of low-temperature superheated steam; and the outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with air holes for the low-temperature superheated steam in the inlet steam passage layer to enter the drying chamber.

[0013] The drying chamber is provided with an inlet steam pipe and an outlet steam pipe for the low-temperature superheated steam to pass through; the lower end of the inlet steam pipe is connected with the bottom of the drying chamber; and the low-temperature superheated steam in the inlet steam passage layer enters the inlet steam pipe through the through hole arranged at the connection between the inlet steam pipe and the bottom of the drying chamber.

[0014] The upper end of the outlet steam pipe is fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber through a support; and the upper end of the outlet steam pipe is communicated with the outlet steam passage layer.

[0015] Further, it further comprises a material uniformizing device arranged above the drying chamber for the agricultural products to be dried to enter the drying chamber; the material uniformizing device is composed of a motor and a rotating scraper.

[0016] Further, the overall frame and the outer peripheral wall of the upper part of the drying chamber are further provided with an outlet steam passage layer for the circulation of water vapor; and the outer peripheral wall of the upper part of the drying chamber is provided with air holes for the water vapor to enter the outlet steam passage layer.

[0017] Still further, the overall frame is further provided with a heat preservation layer outside for reducing the heat loss in the drying chamber.

[0018] Further, the steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe are both cylindrical pipe bodies with air holes on the pipe wall; the upper end of the steam inlet pipe is fixed on the upper part of the drying chamber through a support and does not communicate with the steam outlet passage layer.

[0019] The application also provides a drying method for agricultural products, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] The low-temperature superheated steam is used to heat the agricultural products to be dried, the low-temperature superheated steam is contacted with the agricultural products to be dried, and the moisture of the agricultural products is removed through airflow circulation.

[0021] The application has the following advantages: 1. The low-temperature superheated steam can effectively maintain the nutritional components and taste of the agricultural products; 2. The rehydration of the dehydrated agricultural products is good, and the color and freshness can reach about 90%; 3. The water removal rate is high, which can be more than 1.5 times, so the drying speed is fast and the drying efficiency is high; 4. The drying process of the agricultural products is pollution-free; the steam heat used in this way can be greatly reduced compared with the hot air heat, so it is very energy-saving; 5. The structure of the application is simple, easy to install and maintain, and has good market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the embodiment structure of the application;

[0025] Marked in the figure: 1, drying chamber; 2, steam inlet passage layer; 3, discharging device; 4, air extraction device; 5, feeding port; 6, steam inlet; 7, steam outlet; 8, overall frame; 9, steam inlet pipe; 10, steam outlet pipe; 11, steam outlet passage layer; 12, material uniformizing device; 13, heat preservation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the application, the application of a drying system and a drying method for agricultural products will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0027] In the description of the patent, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the patent. The terms "mount", "set", "connect", "fix", "screw" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In the patent application file, similar to the description of the steam pipe, the steam inlet pipe, the steam inlet passage layer and the like, the difference between "steam" and "gas" is considered to be different forms of water vapor at different temperatures and pressures. The principle of the expression is consistent and should not be considered as a limitation on the technical solution of the invention.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 As a first embodiment of the present application, a kind of agricultural product drying system of the present application, including, for containing the agricultural product to be dried drying chamber 1;For the drying chamber 1 provides low-temperature superheated steam supply system;For low-temperature superheated steam is transported to each part of the system steam pipeline system;Low-temperature superheated steam is transported to the drying chamber 1 in the pipeline system to the agricultural product to be dried for drying.The steam pipeline system in the technical solution of the present application, namely the specific components mentioned later, such as steam inlet passage layer 2, steam inlet pipe 9, steam outlet pipe 10, steam outlet passage layer 11, etc., the steam supply system can be connected to the drying chamber related pipeline through external pipeline. Superheated steam refers to steam temperature higher than the saturation steam temperature under the same pressure under a certain pressure, and superheated steam can become saturated steam after absorbing a certain amount of water. Superheated steam has water absorption characteristics and can be used as a drying medium for drying the agricultural product to be dried when matching the corresponding structure design of the present application. The drying chamber 1 designed by the present application has high airtightness, and the structure for improving the full contact between the agricultural product to be dried and the low-temperature superheated steam flow is arranged in the drying chamber 1, and then the steam flow is guided through the pipeline system to remove the water contained in the agricultural product. When low-temperature superheated steam is used to dry agricultural products, the nutritional ingredients and taste of the agricultural products can be effectively maintained, and the drying efficiency is high.

[0030] The drying chamber 1 comprises: a feeding port 5 for feeding the agricultural products to be dried into the drying chamber; a steam inlet 6 for feeding the low-temperature superheated steam; a steam outlet 7 for discharging the steam in the drying chamber 1; a discharging device 3 for discharging the dried agricultural products from the drying chamber 1; and an air extraction device 4 for reducing the air pressure in the drying chamber 1. The feeding port 5 and the discharging device 3 are preferably connected to the structure of the drying chamber 1 in a high air-tightness mode, and there are mature matching solutions on the market at present, which will not be described here. The drying chamber 1 can be set in any geometric shape, which can be set and adjusted according to the specific operation site and the amount of agricultural products to be dried. The main function of the feeding port 5 is to feed the agricultural products to be dried into the drying chamber 1, which can be connected to an external pipeline or directly fed through other ways. The steam inlet 6 is the inlet of the steam inlet passage layer 2 for feeding the low-temperature superheated steam. An air extraction fan can also be arranged at the steam inlet 6 to adjust the rate of the low-temperature superheated steam entering the steam inlet passage layer. The steam inlet 6 can be sealed with an external steam pipeline, which is connected to the low-temperature superheated steam production device matched with the design scheme. The discharging device 3 can also be designed as a motor-driven bottom plate sleeved in the clamping groove at the bottom of the drying chamber 1, or in the form of a rotary baffle seal. Before the drying of the agricultural products is completed, the discharging device 3 is in a sealed state. When the drying of the agricultural products is completed, the discharging device 3 is opened, and the dried agricultural products fall out of the discharging device 3 at the bottom of the drying chamber 1 by gravity and are sent away by the external conveying equipment. The air extraction device 4 is composed of an air extraction motor arranged at the air extraction port, and the main function is to extract the airflow in the drying chamber 1 to maintain a certain degree of negative pressure in the drying chamber.

[0031] The feeding port 5 is arranged above the drying chamber 1 in a sealable mode; the steam inlet 6 is arranged on the lower outer wall of the drying chamber 1; the steam outlet 7 is arranged above the drying chamber; the discharging device 3 is arranged below the drying chamber 1 and is arranged in a sealable mode; and the air extraction device 4 is communicated with the steam outlet 7.

[0032] The steam inlet 6 is arranged on the lower outer wall of the drying chamber 1, so that after the low-temperature superheated steam enters the steam inlet passage layer 2, the low-temperature superheated steam below the drying chamber moves towards the top of the drying chamber 1 by the principle of hot air rising, and fully contacts the agricultural products to be dried.

[0033] The technical scheme of the present application further comprises a whole frame 8 arranged outside the drying chamber 1. The whole frame 8 mainly plays a structural support role, and is required to be designed and improved to maintain, install, fix, maintain and overhaul the whole structure of the equipment, and to provide a design and overhaul port or a climbing ladder. There are complete technical solutions on the market at present.

[0034] The outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber 1 is provided with a steam inlet passage layer 2 for the flow of low-temperature superheated steam, which covers the lower part of the drying chamber 1 in a ring shape and can provide low-temperature superheated steam to the wall of the drying chamber 1 in all directions, and makes the low-temperature superheated steam enter the drying chamber in a uniform state, providing conditions for the low-temperature superheated steam to fully contact with the agricultural products to be dried. The outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber 1 is provided with air holes (not shown in the figure) for the low-temperature superheated steam in the steam inlet passage layer 2 to enter the drying chamber; the air holes are distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the bottom of the drying chamber 1, and the number of air holes can be flexibly set according to the humidity and quantity of the agricultural products to be dried, on the premise that the agricultural products to be dried do not fall out of the drying chamber 1 through the air holes. During the process of the low-temperature superheated steam entering the inner cavity of the drying chamber 1 through the air holes, the combined action of the air extraction device 4 and the air extraction fan arranged at the feeding port 5 makes the low-temperature superheated steam quickly pass through the gaps between the agricultural products to be dried, carries away the moisture exuded by the dried agricultural products, and is discharged from the drying chamber 1 through the steam outlet 7, thereby drying the agricultural products.

[0035] The drying chamber 1 is provided with an inlet steam pipe 9 and an outlet steam pipe 10 for the passage of low-temperature superheated steam, and the inlet steam pipe 9 and the outlet steam pipe 10 are distributed in the drying chamber 1 and uniformly distributed around each pipe when the agricultural products to be dried enter the drying chamber 1. The lower end of the inlet steam pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of the drying chamber 1, and the low-temperature superheated steam in the inlet steam passage layer 2 enters the inlet steam pipe 9 through the through hole arranged at the connection between the inlet steam pipe 9 and the bottom of the drying chamber 1. The low-temperature superheated steam that can enter the drying chamber 1 through the inlet steam passage layer 2 enters the inlet steam pipe 10. When the low-temperature superheated steam in the inlet steam passage layer 2 enters the inlet steam pipe 9, part of it enters the gaps between the agricultural products to be dried through the air holes arranged on the pipe body of the inlet steam pipe 9, and dries the agricultural products to be dried. After contacting with the agricultural products to be dried, it enters the outlet steam passage layer 11 through the air holes arranged on the upper outer peripheral wall of the drying chamber 1. The other part enters the outlet steam pipe 10, and then enters the outlet steam passage layer 11 through the communication between the outlet steam pipe 10 and the outlet steam passage layer 11. In this way, a large circulation path of airflow is formed between the inlet steam passage layer and the inlet steam pipe, the inlet steam passage layer and the outlet steam pipe, the inlet steam pipe and the outlet steam pipe, and the inlet steam pipe and the outlet steam passage layer in the drying chamber 1, which always keeps the surface of the dried agricultural products wet and the path of moisture exuded from the inside of the material unblocked, thereby obtaining good drying effect, and at the same time, the drying is uniform, the nutritional ingredients and color of the agricultural products are fully preserved, and even the nutritional value is improved.

[0036] The upper end of the steam outlet pipe 10 is fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber 1 by a bracket, and the upper end of the steam outlet pipe 10 is connected to the steam outlet channel layer 11. The steam outlet pipe 10 can be fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber 1 by various common methods, such as bracket fixing, reinforcing plate fixing, connecting rod fixing, etc. The upper ends of the steam inlet pipe 9 and the steam outlet pipe 10 can also be designed as an inverted cone structure to facilitate the rapid fall of agricultural products to be dried into the drying chamber 1 without causing sedimentation.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention also includes a leveling device 12 disposed above the drying chamber 1 to guide the agricultural products to be dried into the drying chamber. The leveling device 12 consists of a motor and a rotating scraper. The motor drives the rotating scraper to rotate, agitating the agricultural products entering the drying chamber 1 so that they are stacked to the maximum extent inside the drying chamber 1 to save space.

[0038] A steam outlet channel layer 11 for supplying water vapor is also provided between the overall frame 8 and the upper outer peripheral wall of the drying chamber 1; ventilation holes for supplying water vapor to enter the steam outlet channel layer 11 are provided on the upper outer peripheral wall of the drying chamber 1.

[0039] In the technical solution of the present invention, the overall frame 8 is further provided with 13 layers of heat insulation to reduce heat loss in the drying room.

[0040] Both the steam inlet pipe 9 and the steam outlet pipe 10 are cylindrical pipes with vent holes in their walls. The upper end of the steam inlet pipe 9 is fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber 1 by a bracket and is not connected to the steam outlet channel layer 11. The steam inlet pipe 9 is not connected to the steam outlet channel layer 11 to avoid overheating of the low temperature inside the drying chamber.

[0041] Steam is discharged directly into drying chamber 1 without coming into contact with the agricultural products to be dried, thus doing ineffective work;

[0042] This ensures that the low-temperature superheated steam passes evenly through the gaps in the material being dried, thus guaranteeing the drying effect.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for drying agricultural products, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Low-temperature superheated steam is used to heat agricultural products to be dried;

[0045] This allows low-temperature superheated steam to come into contact with the agricultural products to be dried;

[0046] The moisture in agricultural products is removed through airflow.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, this is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the insulation layer 13 is located on the outermost side of the overall structure, followed by the overall frame 8 and the steam outlet channel layer 11.

[0048] As Figure 3 shown, it is the second embodiment of the present application, under the design concept of the present application, when drying vegetables, fruits, medicinal materials and other agricultural and sideline products, the flowability of agricultural products is poor, and the structure as Figure 3 shown needs to be set to dry them. The low-temperature superheated steam enters the steam inlet 6 into the steam inlet channel layer 2, passes through the multiple layers of metal mesh partition plates arranged in the drying chamber 1, and contacts the agricultural products placed on the metal mesh partition plates. The airflow containing the moisture of the agricultural products is discharged out of the drying chamber 1 by the air extraction device 4, thereby drying the agricultural products.

[0049] In use, the agricultural products to be dried enter the drying chamber 1 through the feed inlet 5, then all the channels connected with the drying chamber 1 are closed, so that the entire drying chamber 1 is in a sealed state and maintained in a sealed state; the air in the drying chamber 1 is extracted by the air extraction device 4, so that the cavity of the drying chamber 1 is reduced to a certain negative pressure, then the air extraction device 4 is closed, then the steam inlet 6 is opened, and the low-temperature superheated steam enters the steam inlet channel layer 2. At this time, the suction device at the steam inlet 6 can also be opened to improve the speed of the low-temperature superheated steam entering the steam inlet channel layer 2.

[0050] When the steam in the drying chamber 1 reaches a certain temperature, the air extraction device 4 is started to discharge the airflow containing the moisture of the agricultural products out of the drying chamber 1, thereby achieving the purpose of drying the agricultural products.

[0051] It can be understood that the present application is described by some embodiments, and those skilled in the art know that various changes or equivalent replacements can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In addition, under the guidance of the present application, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific conditions and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present application are within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for drying agricultural products, comprising a drying chamber for receiving agricultural products to be dried; a steam supply system for supplying low temperature superheated steam to said drying chamber. A steam pipeline system for delivering low-temperature superheated steam to various parts of a system, characterized in that: The low-temperature superheated steam is delivered by the pipeline system to the drying chamber to dry the agricultural products to be dried; The drying chamber comprises: a feeding port for the agricultural products to be dried to enter the drying chamber; a steam inlet for the low-temperature superheated steam to enter; a steam outlet for the steam in the drying chamber to be discharged; a discharging device for the dried agricultural products to be discharged from the drying chamber; and a gas extraction device for reducing the air pressure in the drying chamber; The outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with a steam inlet passage layer for the flow of low-temperature superheated steam, and the outer peripheral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with air holes for the low-temperature superheated steam in the steam inlet passage layer to enter the drying chamber; The drying chamber is provided with a steam inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe for the low-temperature superheated steam to pass through, the lower end of the steam inlet pipe is connected with the bottom of the drying chamber, and the low-temperature superheated steam in the steam inlet passage layer enters the steam inlet pipe through the through hole provided at the connection between the steam inlet pipe and the bottom of the drying chamber; The drying chamber is further provided with an overall frame, and the overall frame is further provided with a steam outlet passage layer for the flow of water vapor between the upper peripheral wall of the drying chamber and the overall frame; the upper end of the steam outlet pipe is fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber by a support, the upper end of the steam outlet pipe is in communication with the steam outlet passage layer, and the upper peripheral wall of the drying chamber is provided with air holes for water vapor to enter the steam outlet passage layer.

2. The agricultural product drying system of claim 1, wherein: The feeding port is arranged above the drying chamber in a sealable manner; the steam inlet is arranged on the outer lateral wall of the lower part of the drying chamber; the steam outlet is arranged above the drying chamber; the discharging device is arranged below the drying chamber and is arranged in a sealable manner; and the gas extraction device is in communication with the steam outlet.

3. The agricultural product drying system of claim 1, wherein: The drying chamber is further provided with an overall frame, and the overall frame is arranged outside the drying chamber.

4. The agricultural product drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying system further comprises a material uniformizing device arranged above the drying chamber to make the agricultural products to be dried enter the drying chamber, and the material uniformizing device is composed of a motor and a rotating scraper.

5. A system for drying agricultural products as defined in claim 3, wherein The overall frame is further provided with a heat preservation layer outside to reduce the heat loss in the drying chamber.

6. The agricultural product drying system of claim 1, wherein, The steam inlet pipe and the steam outlet pipe are both cylindrical pipe bodies provided with air holes in the pipe wall; the upper end of the steam inlet pipe is fixed to the upper part of the drying chamber by a support and is not in communication with the steam outlet passage layer.

7. A method of drying an agricultural product, characterized by: The drying method comprises the following steps: The low-temperature superheated steam is used to heat the agricultural products to be dried; The low-temperature superheated steam is brought into contact with the agricultural products to be dried; The steam flow is used to take away the moisture of the agricultural products.

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