Brush seal structure

Abstract

The application discloses a brush seal structure which is sleeved on the outside of a rotor and comprises a front plate, a brush filament bundle and a back plate which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the rotor, wherein a front plate side gap is formed between the front plate and the brush filament bundle, a movable compression ring which can move along the axial direction of the rotor is arranged on the side of the front plate close to the brush filament bundle, and a ventilation hole which is axially opposite to the movable compression ring is formed in the front plate. The movable compression ring in the application can generate appropriate compression force on the brush filament bundle under the action of air flow, so that the continuous vibration phenomenon of the brush filament is avoided, the wear of the brush filament cylindrical surface is avoided, and the long-term effective work of the brush seal structure is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sealing structure, and particularly relates to a brush type sealing structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The brush type sealing is a kind of air path sealing structure of turbomachinery such as an aero-engine, a gas turbine and a steam turbine. The sealing structure reduces the air leakage of the sealing by the adhesion of the flexible brush wire bundle to the rotor surface. Compared with the traditional labyrinth sealing, the brush type sealing does not need to reserve a gap between the rotor and the stator, and allows the contact and friction between the rotor and the stator, so that the brush type sealing has better sealing performance, and the leakage of the brush type sealing is generally only 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of that of the labyrinth sealing under the same condition, so the brush type sealing is more and more applied in the turbomachinery field.

[0003] The brush wire in the brush type sealing element is prone to vibration phenomenon under the action of the airflow, which is also called 'chatter' phenomenon by some scholars. The phenomenon not only reduces the performance of the brush type sealing and causes the leakage to increase, but also determines the working life of the brush type sealing. The friction and wear between the brush wire and the rotor may cause the leakage gap to increase, but generally does not cause the failure of the brush type sealing. However, the brush wire vibration may cause a large number of brush wires to be broken, and then cause the sealing to fail, which is unacceptable for the brush type sealing. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a brush type sealing structure, and an active pressure ring is arranged on the front plate of the brush type sealing structure, which can generate appropriate compression force on the brush wire bundle under the action of the airflow, so as to avoid the continuous vibration phenomenon of the brush wire, thereby avoiding the significant wear of the brush wire cylinder, and finally ensuring the long-life working of the brush type sealing.

[0005] The above implementation purposes of the present application are mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

[0006] The present application provides a brush type sealing structure which is arranged outside a rotor, and the brush type sealing structure comprises a front plate, a brush wire bundle and a back plate which are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the rotor, wherein a front plate side gap is formed between the front plate and the brush wire bundle, an active pressure ring which can move along the axial direction of the rotor is arranged on the side of the front plate close to the brush wire bundle, and an air passage hole which is axially opposite to the active pressure ring is arranged on the front plate.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the active pressure ring is configured to abut against the brush wire bundle under the action of the gas medium flowing through the air passage hole.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the front plate is provided with an annular groove on the side close to the brush filament bundle, and the movable compression ring is located in the annular groove, and the air vent is in communication with the groove bottom of the annular groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the annular groove is provided with an elastic element, and the movable compression ring can be elastically abutted on the elastic element.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the elastic element is a disc spring or a wave spring.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the brush filament bundle is connected with a fixed ring on the side close to the front plate, the fixed ring fixes the brush filament bundle on the back plate by welding, and the front plate is connected with the fixed ring through a connecting piece.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the air vent is a plurality of air vents, and the plurality of air vents are arranged on the front plate in a circumferential direction.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inner diameter of the front plate and the inner diameter of the back plate are both greater than the diameter of the rotor, and the brush filament bundle is in contact with the surface of the rotor.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the part of the rotor in contact with the brush filament bundle is coated with a wear-resistant coating.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the material of the movable compression ring is a light and wear-resistant ceramic material or a carbon-carbon composite material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0017] 1. The front plate of the brush seal structure integrates a movable compression ring capable of axial floating, the floating movable compression ring can produce a compression effect on the brush filament bundle during the working process of the brush seal structure, while ensuring that the brush filament bundle still has a radial retreat capability, the compression effect can effectively avoid the vibration phenomenon of the brush filament bundle, thereby ensuring the long-life working of the brush seal structure.

[0018] 2. On the basis of the air vent, the elastic element further enhances the compression effect of the movable compression ring on the brush filament bundle, and the vibration phenomenon of the brush filament bundle can be further inhibited. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to be some embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on these drawings should belong to the protection scope of the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 The first state structure schematic diagram of the brush seal structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 The second state structure schematic diagram of the brush seal structure of the present application

[0022] Figure 3 The third state structure schematic diagram of the brush seal structure of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the brush seal structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 The end face partial view of the brush seal structure of the present application.

[0025] Explanation of the reference signs:

[0026] 10, front plate; 11, vent hole; 12, annular groove; 20, brush filament bundle; 30, back plate; 41, front plate side gap; 50, movable pressure ring; 60, fixed ring; 61, screw; 70, rotor; 71, wear-resistant coating; 80, elastic element; A, movable pressure ring thickness; B, distance; β, brush filament inclination angle; ω, rotation direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to be some embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on these drawings should belong to the protection scope of the present application. In the drawings:

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements can be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", and the like as used herein are made only for purposes of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 The present application provides a brush seal structure, which is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 70, and includes a front plate 10, a brush bundle 20, and a back plate 30 connected in sequence along the axial direction X of the rotor 70. A front plate side gap 41 is formed between the front plate 10 and the brush bundle 20. A movable pressure ring 50 capable of moving along the axial direction X of the rotor 70 is arranged on the side of the front plate 10 close to the brush bundle 20. An air passage hole 11 axially opposite to the movable pressure ring 50 is arranged on the front plate 10. The movable pressure ring 50 is configured to abut against the brush bundle 20 under the action of the flowing gas medium passing through the air passage hole 11.

[0031] The movable pressure ring 50 of the brush seal structure can produce a pressing effect on the brush bundle 20 under the action of the flowing gas medium during operation, thereby inhibiting the vibration phenomenon of the brush bundle 20 and prolonging the service life of the brush bundle 20.

[0032] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 The front plate 10 and the back plate 30 are both annular structures with a certain thickness and a hole in the middle. A brush bundle 20 composed of a large number of brush filaments is fixedly connected between the front plate 10 and the back plate 30. The brush bundle 20 also has an annular structure as a whole. The front plate 10, the brush bundle 20, and the back plate 30 after fixed connection are sleeved on the rotor 70 for sealing the two sides of the rotating rotor 70. The inner diameter of the front plate 10 and the inner diameter of the back plate 30 are both greater than the diameter of the rotor 70. The brush bundle 20 is in contact with the surface of the rotor 70, that is, the front plate 10 and the back plate 30 are not in contact with the surface of the rotor 70, and the brush bundle 20 abuts against the surface of the rotor 70.

[0033] Further, a ring-shaped annular groove 12 is arranged on the side of the front plate 10 close to the brush bundle 20. The movable pressure ring 50 is arranged in the annular groove 12 and can move along the axial direction X of the rotor 70 in the annular groove 12. An air passage hole 11 penetrating through the front plate 10 along the axial direction X of the rotor 70 is arranged on the side wall of the annular groove 12; as shown in Figure 2 During operation of the rotor 70, the brush filaments in the brush bundle 20 will be in a loose state due to vibration under the action of the airflow. The flowing airflow on one side of the front plate 10 will act on the movable pressure ring 50 through the air passage hole 11 on the front plate 10. The movable pressure ring 50 will be pressed against the brush bundle 20 under the action of the flowing gas medium passing through the air passage hole 11.Figure 1 moves to the state shown in Figure 3 the state shown, and further produces a compacting effect on the brush filaments 20, which will be gradually transformed from the Figure 2 loose state shown in the state shown in Figure 3 compact state. At the same time, since the movable compression ring 50 can reciprocate in the axial direction X, it will not obviously hinder the yielding deformation of the brush filaments, and ensure that the brush filament bundle 20 still has the yielding ability in the axial direction X of the rotor 70.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 the distance B between the front plate 10 and the brush filament bundle 20 is less than the thickness A of the movable compression ring, which can effectively prevent the movable compression ring 50 from moving out of the annular groove 12 and entering the front plate side gap 41 between the brush filament bundle 20 and the front plate 10 during movement, and further reduce the sealing effect of the brush filament bundle 20.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 the annular groove 12 is provided with an elastic element 80, and the movable compression ring 50 can elastically abut against the elastic element 80.

[0036] The present application further enhances the compacting effect of the movable compression ring 50 on the brush filament bundle 20 by the elastic element 80 on the basis of the provision of the vent hole 11, and further suppresses the vibration phenomenon of the brush filament bundle 20.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 the elastic element 80 is a circular ring structure, which is arranged inside the annular groove 12, one end of the elastic element 80 abuts against the groove bottom of the annular groove 12, and the other end of the elastic element 80 abuts against the movable compression ring 50, and the acting force of the elastic element 80 is along the axial direction X of the rotor 70. The movable compression ring 50 can abut against the brush filament bundle 20 under the action of the elastic element 80, and the compacting effect of the movable compression ring 50 on the brush filament bundle 20 is further enhanced under the double action of the elastic element 80 and the airflow in the vent hole 11, and the vibration phenomenon of the brush filament bundle 20 can be further suppressed. In this embodiment, the elastic element 80 is a disc spring or a wave spring.

[0038] In a feasible embodiment of the present application, the side of the brush filament bundle 20 close to the front plate 10 is connected with a fixing ring 60, the fixing ring 60 fixes the brush filament bundle 20 on the back plate 30 by welding, and the front plate 10 is connected with the fixing ring 60 through a connecting piece.

[0039] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the fixing ring 60 is a ring-shaped structure with a certain thickness. Its inner diameter is smaller than that of the front plate 10 and the back plate 30, and its outer diameter is the same as that of the front plate 10 and the back plate 30. During installation and fixing, the front plate 10, the fixing ring 60, the brush bundle 20, and the back plate 30 are stacked together along the axial direction X of the rotor 70. The front plate 10 and the fixing ring 60 are fastened together by a connector. In this embodiment, the front plate 10 is connected to the fixing ring 60 by screws 61, and the brush bundle 20 is connected to the back plate 30 and the fixing ring 60 by welding. The fixing ring 60 fixes the brush bundle 20 to the back plate 30.

[0040] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple vent holes 11, which are spaced apart on the front plate 10 along the circumferential direction. The uniform arrangement of the vent holes 11 along the circumferential direction of the front plate 10 ensures that the movable pressure ring 50 can act on the entire annular brush bristle bundle 20, so that the vibration phenomenon of the brush bristle bundle 20 at any position in the circumferential direction can be effectively suppressed.

[0041] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the bristles of the bristle bundle 20 are arranged obliquely within the annular surface of the bristle bundle 20.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the brush filaments inside the brush bundle 20 are arranged at a certain inclined angle. When this brush-type sealing structure is installed, the inclined direction of the brush filaments is consistent with the rotation direction ω of the rotor 70, preventing the ends of the brush filaments in the brush bundle 20 from directly contacting the surface of the rotor 70. This not only reduces the wear on the surface of the rotor 70, but also extends the service life of the brush bundle 20 and ensures that it has a good sealing effect. In this embodiment, the brush filament inclination angle β between the brush filaments in the brush bundle 20 and the radius of the rotor 70 is 45 degrees.

[0043] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the front plate 10 and the inner diameter of the back plate 30 are both larger than the diameter of the rotor 70. The brush filament bundle 20 is in contact with the surface of the rotor 70, and the portion of the rotor 70 in contact with the brush filament bundle 20 is coated with a wear-resistant coating 71. Applying a wear-resistant coating 71 to the surface of the brush filament bundle 20 in contact with the rotor 70 can reduce the wear of the rotor 70 and prevent excessive wear of the rotor 70 from affecting the sealing effect of the brush filament bundle 20.

[0044] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, the movable pressure ring 50 is made of lightweight and wear-resistant ceramic material or carbon-carbon composite material.

[0045] The above-described specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A brush seal structure, which is provided on the outside of a rotor, characterized in that, The brush seal structure comprises a front plate, a brush bundle and a back plate connected in sequence along the axial direction of the rotor, wherein a front plate side gap is formed between the front plate and the brush bundle, the side of the front plate close to the brush bundle is provided with a movable compression ring capable of moving along the axial direction of the rotor, and the front plate is provided with a ventilation hole axially opposite to the movable compression ring; The movable compression ring is configured to abut against the brush bundle under the action of a gas medium flowing through the ventilation hole to avoid vibration of the brush bundle.

2. The brush seal structure of claim 1, wherein, The side of the front plate close to the brush bundle is provided with an annular groove, the movable compression ring is located in the annular groove, and the ventilation hole is in communication with the groove bottom of the annular groove.

3. The brush seal structure of claim 2, wherein, An elastic element is arranged in the annular groove, and the movable compression ring can elastically abut against the elastic element.

4. The brush seal of claim 3, wherein, The elastic element is a disc spring or a wave spring.

5. The brush seal of claim 2, wherein, The side of the brush bundle close to the front plate is connected with a fixed ring, the fixed ring fixes the brush bundle on the back plate by welding, and the front plate is connected with the fixed ring through a connecting piece.

6. The brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The ventilation hole is a plurality of ventilation holes, and the plurality of ventilation holes are arranged on the front plate in a circumferential direction of the front plate.

7. The brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The inner diameter of the front plate and the inner diameter of the back plate are both greater than the diameter of the rotor, and the brush bundle is in contact with the surface of the rotor.

8. The brush seal of claim 7, wherein, The part of the rotor in contact with the brush bundle is coated with a wear-resistant coating.

9. The brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The material of the movable compression ring is a light and wear-resistant ceramic material or a carbon-carbon composite material.

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