A tunnel cross-hole into the main hole cantilever support structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation, specifically a tunnel cross-hole entry top support structure, comprising symmetrically arranged slide rails, pulleys rotatably connected in grooves, pulleys slidably connected to the slide rails, and staggered support rods fixedly connected to the upper semi-arc portion of the support frame, guard plates are provided on both sides of the support frame, and top plates are provided obliquely above both sides of the support frame; the guard plates and the top plates are both placed between the support frame and the inner side wall of the hole; a guide rail is provided between the guard plates and the top plate; the guide rail is penetrated and fixed on the inner side wall of the hole by a long screw, and a slider is fixed on the outer surface of the arc portion of the support frame, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail; the support bodies are laid in sequence, and the various components of the support structure are pre-assembled into a support body, that is, the support structure is divided into a plurality of modular support bodies, and the support bodies are tediously built in advance at the hole entrance position, and each support body can be moved deeper into the hole body in time when needed, which is more efficient and saves time and effort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation, in particular to a tunnel cross-hole to main hole cantilever support structure. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of long tunnels, inclined shafts are set up to increase the working surface and shorten the construction period, but this will increase transportation costs and the investment in well construction. After the tunnel is through, it may be used as a ventilation pipe, sealed, or blocked according to the design. When tunneling, there are usually some auxiliary passages, such as inclined shafts, parallel cross tunnels, pilot tunnels, etc. In order to distinguish them from the above auxiliary passages, the main tunnel of the tunnel refers to the main structure of the tunnel main line;

[0003] When the cross tunnel is connected to the main tunnel, a cantilever support structure is required to support and protect the connection between the cross tunnel and the main tunnel; the cantilever support structure connects the main tunnel support structure and the cross tunnel support structure; the part where the cantilever support structure connects the cross tunnel support structure, as well as the cross tunnel support structure itself, all require a support system with high construction efficiency. The cross tunnel establishes a support structure during the excavation process to support and protect the tunnel body and the safety of the workers; the construction plan for the cross tunnel in the existing technology is generally to build a support system while excavating the tunnel body, and the support system is generally built in a way that, based on the tunnel ground, scaffolding and formwork are gradually built upwards to cover the excavated tunnel surface. This method has many operation links and uses cumbersome fragmented materials, which leads to a time-consuming and labor-intensive construction process, affecting construction efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a tunnel cross tunnel into the main tunnel cantilever support structure is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: a tunnel cross-hole entering the main hole cantilever support structure described in the present invention comprises symmetrically arranged slide rails, a support frame is provided on the slide rails, the support frame is in an inverted U shape, grooves are provided at both ends of the support frame, pulleys are rotatably connected in the grooves, the pulleys are slidably connected to the slide rails, staggered support rods are fixedly connected to the upper semi-arc portion of the support frame, guard plates are provided on both sides of the support frame, and top plates are provided obliquely above both sides of the support frame; the guard plates and the top plates are both placed between the support frame and the inner side wall of the hole; a guide rail is provided between the guard plates and the top plate; the guide rail is penetrated by a long screw and fixed to the inner side wall of the hole, a slider is fixed to the outer surface of the arc portion of the support frame, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail;

[0007] In the embodiment of the present invention, a support structure with high construction efficiency is designed. During the excavation of the cave, a slide rail is laid outside the cave entrance, and the slide rail is laid to the position of the excavated cave. At the same time, the guide rail is also fixed to the top surface of the cave. Then, two support frames are pre-built outside the cave entrance, and the guard plate and the top plate are fixed to the support frame by steel wire or bolts. The guard plate, the top plate and the support structure are built into a support body, and then the support body is pushed to move along the slide rail into the cave. At the same time, it is noted that the slider on the support frame also needs to slide into the guide rail. At this time, the support The body supports and protects the already excavated hole, and then excavation is carried out forward. When a certain depth is excavated, the slide rails and guide rails are laid, and the newly constructed support body outside the hole is slid into the hole, and the front support body is pushed forward to the newly excavated position. According to the above process, the support bodies are laid in sequence, and the various components of the support structure are pre-assembled into a support body, that is, the support structure is divided into multiple modular support bodies. The cumbersome construction of the support body is completed in advance at the hole position, and each support body can be moved deeper into the hole in time when needed, which is more efficient and saves time and effort.

[0008] Preferably, both side edges of the top plate and the upper edge of the guard plate are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, and sealing plates are provided between the top plate and the arc plate and between two adjacent top plates, and the stepped portions on both sides of the sealing plates are slidably connected in the guide grooves; a plurality of pouring holes are opened on the guard plate and the top plate, and after the excavation of the cave body is completed and the support body is evenly installed in the cave body, the end of the pipe body is inserted into the grouting hole through the pump body, and cement is injected into the outer surface position of the guard plate and the top plate, that is, the cement is poured into the reserved gap between the cave body and the support body. After the cement dries, the support frame is removed from the cave body. At this time, there is no cement poured at the position covered by the guide rail on the cave body. After the guide rail is removed, the sealing plate is slid along the guide groove to seal the position covered by the guide rail. A pouring port is also opened on the sealing plate, and cement is poured into the position covered by the guide rail. The cement poured later solidifies on the cement poured earlier. The cement, guard plate, top plate and sealing plate form a steel-cement support body.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the guard plate and the top plate are evenly fixed with multiple T-shaped plates, and the inner surfaces of the guard plate and the top plate are provided with wavy protrusions side by side; T-shaped plates are provided on the outside of the guard plate, the top plate and the sealing plate, which can increase the firmness with the cement. At the same time, these T-shaped plates are cast in the cement and become part of the cement, which can also enhance the overall strength of the cement. At the same time, wavy protrusions are provided on the inner surfaces of the guard plate, the top plate and the sealing plate to enhance their own strength.

[0010] Preferably, each of the T-shaped plates is provided with a through hole, and steel bars are passed through the through holes in the same row; the steel bars are arranged in advance, and vertical steel bars can also be passed through between adjacent steel bars to lay out a mesh steel bar frame as a skeleton of the cement, which can further improve the strength of the solidified cement and also improve the safety performance of the cave body.

[0011] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder and a base block are provided at the lower end of the support frame; the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support frame, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base block, the lower end surface of the base block is provided with a groove, and a pulley is rotatably connected in the groove; by setting up the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder lifts or lowers the support frame as a whole, adjusts the height of the guard plate and the top plate, aligns the two opposite guard plates or the two opposite top plates, and prevents the occurrence of plate stacking, which leads to more cement waste when pouring cement later.

[0012] Preferably, a cavity is provided in the base block, and a locking unit is provided in the cavity; the locking unit includes a locking wheel and a locking rod; the locking rod includes an arc-shaped rod, an L-shaped rod and a T-shaped rod; a locking wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of each pulley, and an arc-shaped rod is provided below the locking wheel, and the arc-shaped rod is half wrapped around the locking wheel, and the two ends of the arc-shaped rod are horizontally fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is vertically upward and fixed to the horizontal end of the T-shaped rod, the vertical end of the T-shaped rod passes through the cavity and is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and the vertical end of the T-shaped rod is provided with a compression spring, and one end of the compression spring The first end is pressed against the top surface of the cavity, and the other end of the compression spring is pressed against the horizontal surface of the T-shaped rod; when encountering an inclined hole, the support frame and the guard plate are separated by their own gravity, and they slide along the inclined angle, and the pulley rotates along the slide rail. For this purpose, a locking unit is provided to drive the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder pushes the support frame on one side so that the guard plate and the top plate fit tightly together. At the same time, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder lifts the T-shaped rod, and the T-shaped rod pulls up the arc rod through the L-shaped rod. The arc rod squeezes the locking wheel, stabilizes the rotation trend of the locking wheel, and also stabilizes the rotation trend of the pulley, thereby improving the stability of the support structure.

[0013] Preferably, an auxiliary unit is provided between adjacent support frames; the auxiliary unit includes an adjusting rod and a supporting block; the supporting block is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the support frame, and a placement groove is provided on the upper surface of the supporting block; the adjusting rod includes two extension rods and a threaded barrel, one end of the two extension rods is threadedly connected to the threaded barrel, and the other end of the two extension rods is embedded in the placement groove; the end of the adjusting rod is placed in the supporting block, and the two adjacent support frames are connected together front and back, thereby improving the overall stability and further improving the supporting strength of the support structure to the hole body; at the same time, the threaded barrel is rotated to adjust the extension rod to be squeezed in the direction of the support rod, thereby reducing the gap between the adjusting rod and the support rod, making it more firm.

[0014] Preferably, a fixing hole is symmetrically provided at the other end of each of the extension rods; an insertion hole is symmetrically provided on the upper end surface of each of the support blocks, and a U-shaped fixing rod is inserted between the insertion hole and the fixing hole; the end of the fixing rod passing through the insertion hole is threadedly connected to a nut; the fixing rod is provided for the following purposes: firstly, the relative rotation between the adjusting rod and the support block is stabilized, and when rotating the threaded barrel, there is no need to consider the rotation of the extension rod, and it can be completed by one person; secondly, the up and down movement between the adjusting rod and the support block is fixed, and the nut thread needs to be tightened on the fixing rod part passing through the insertion hole, so that the adjusting rod can be stabilized, and disassembly is also more convenient.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of through holes are evenly opened in the middle of the threaded barrel; a rod-shaped object is inserted into the through holes, and then the rod-shaped object is rotated, which saves effort and facilitates the rotation of the thread.

[0016] Preferably, a notch is provided on each of the T-shaped plates, and the notches of two adjacent T-shaped plates are staggered, and the steel bars are sequentially passed through the notches and laid out on the T-shaped plates; the notches are provided on the T-shaped plates to facilitate the laying of the steel bars, and the staggered arrangement of adjacent notches can directly fix the steel bars on the T-shaped plates, and no wire is required for tying them in the later stage, which saves steps, time and effort.

[0017] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0018] 1. The support body of the present invention supports and protects the already excavated hole, and then excavation is carried out forward. When a certain depth is excavated, slide rails and guide rails are laid, and at the same time, the newly constructed support body outside the hole is slid into the hole, and the front support body is pushed forward to the newly excavated position. According to the above process, the support bodies are laid in sequence, and the various components of the support structure are pre-assembled into a support body, that is, the support structure is divided into multiple modular support bodies. The support bodies are tediously built in advance at the hole position, and each support body can be moved deeper into the hole in time when needed, which is more efficient and saves time and effort.

[0019] 2. The present invention is provided with a locking unit to drive the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder pushes up the support frame so that the guard plate and the top plate fit tightly together. At the same time, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder lifts up the T-shaped rod. The T-shaped rod pulls up the arc rod through the L-shaped rod. The arc rod squeezes the locking wheel to stabilize the rotation tendency of the locking wheel. At the same time, the rotation tendency of the pulley is also stabilized, thereby improving the stability of the support structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first perspective perspective view of the support structure in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 A second perspective view of the support structure in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the base block and the hydraulic cylinder in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the locking unit in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the guard plate and the top plate in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the guard plate in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation between the guard plate and the T-shaped plate in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination between the auxiliary unit and the support frame in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 11 is a three-dimensional diagram of the adjustment rod in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 13 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination between the steel bar and the notch in Example 2.

[0033] In the figure: slide rail 1, support frame 2, groove 3, pulley 4, support rod 5, guard plate 6, top plate 7, guide rail 8, slider 9, guide groove 10, blocking plate 11, T-shaped plate 12, protrusion 13, steel bar 14, hydraulic cylinder 15, base block 16, locking wheel 17, locking rod 18, arc rod 19, L-shaped rod 20, T-shaped rod 21, compression spring 22, adjusting rod 23, support block 24, jack 241, placement slot 25, extension rod 26, threaded cylinder 27, fixing hole 28, fixing rod 281, through hole 29, notch 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a tunnel cross-hole into the main hole cantilever support structure, including symmetrically arranged slide rails 1, a support frame 2 is provided on the slide rail 1, the support frame 2 is in an inverted U shape, grooves 3 are provided at both ends of the support frame 2, pulleys 4 are rotatably connected in the grooves 3, and the pulleys 4 are slidably connected to the slide rails 1, and staggered support rods 5 are fixedly connected to the upper semi-arc-shaped part of the support frame 2, guard plates 6 are provided on both sides of the support frame 2, and top plates 7 are provided on both sides of the support frame 2 obliquely above; the guard plates 6 and the top plates 7 are both placed between the support frame 2 and the inner side wall of the hole; a guide rail 8 is provided between the guard plates 6 and the top plates 7; the guide rail 8 is penetrated and fixed to the inner side wall of the hole by a long screw, and a slider 9 is fixed to the outer surface of the arc-shaped part of the support frame 2, and the slider 9 is slidably connected to the guide rail 8;

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, a support structure with high construction efficiency is designed. During the excavation of the cave, a slide rail 1 is laid outside the cave entrance, and the slide rail 1 is laid to the position of the excavated cave. At the same time, the guide rail 8 is also fixed to the top surface of the cave. Then, two support frames 2 are pre-built outside the cave entrance, and the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 are fixed to the support frame 2 by steel wire or bolts. The guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the support frame 2 are constructed into a support body, and then the support body is pushed to move along the slide rail 1 into the cave. At the same time, it is noted that the slider 9 on the support frame 2 must also slide into the guide rail 8. At this time, the support body will support and protect the already excavated hole, and then excavation will be carried out forward. When a certain depth is excavated, the slide rail 1 and the guide rail 8 will be laid, and at the same time, the newly constructed support body outside the hole will be slid into the hole, and the front support body will be pushed forward to the newly excavated position. According to the above process, the support bodies will be laid in sequence, and the various components of the support structure will be pre-assembled into a support body, that is, the support structure will be divided into multiple modular support bodies. The support bodies are tediously built in advance at the hole position, and each support body can be moved deeper into the hole in time when needed, which is more efficient and saves time and effort.

[0038] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6, both side edges of the top plate 7 and the upper edge of the guard plate 6 are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves 10, and blocking plates 11 are provided between the top plate 7 and the arc plate and between two adjacent top plates 7. The stepped portions on both sides of the blocking plate 11 are slidably connected in the guide grooves 10; a plurality of pouring holes are provided on the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7. After the excavation of the cave body is completed and the support body is evenly installed in the cave body, the end of the pipe body is inserted into the grouting hole through the pump body, and cement is injected into the outer surface position of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7, that is, the cement is poured on In the reserved gap between the cave body and the support body, after the cement dries, the support frame 2 is removed from the cave body. At this time, there is no cement poured in the position covered by the guide rail 8 on the cave body. After the guide rail is removed, the blocking plate 11 is slid along the guide groove 10 to block the position covered by the guide rail 8. A pouring port is also opened on the blocking plate 11, and cement is poured into the position covered by the guide rail 8. The later poured cement solidifies on the first poured cement. The cement, guard plate 6, top plate 7 and blocking plate 11 form a steel and cement support body.

[0039] Reference Figure 8 The outer surfaces of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 are evenly fixed with multiple T-shaped plates 12, and the inner surfaces of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 are provided with wavy protrusions 13 side by side; T-shaped plates 12 are provided on the outside of the guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the sealing plate 11, which can increase the firmness with the cement. At the same time, these T-shaped plates 12 are cast in the cement and become part of the cement, which can also enhance the overall strength of the cement. At the same time, wavy protrusions 13 are provided on the inner surfaces of the guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the sealing plate 11 to enhance their own strength.

[0040] Reference Figure 8 Each of the T-shaped plates 12 has a through hole, and steel bars 14 are passed through the through holes in the same row; the steel bars 14 are set and arranged in advance. At the same time, vertical steel bars 14 can be passed through between adjacent steel bars 14 to lay out a mesh steel bar 14 frame as a cement skeleton, which can further improve the strength of the solidified cement and also improve the safety performance of the cave.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a hydraulic cylinder 15 and a base block 16 are provided at the lower end of the support frame 2; the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support frame 2, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base block 16. A groove 3 is provided on the lower end surface of the base block 16, and a pulley 4 is rotatably connected in the groove 3; by setting the hydraulic cylinder 15, the hydraulic cylinder 15 will lift or lower the entire support frame 2, adjust the height of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7, align the two opposite guard plates 6 or the two opposite top plates 7, and prevent the occurrence of plate stacking, which will cause more cement waste when pouring cement later.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a cavity is opened in the base block 16, and a locking unit is provided in the cavity; the locking unit includes a locking wheel 17 and a locking rod 18; the locking rod 18 includes an arc rod 19, an L-shaped rod 20 and a T-shaped rod 21; the end of the rotating shaft of each pulley 4 is fixed with a locking wheel 17, and the arc rod 19 is below the locking wheel 17. The arc rod 19 is half wrapped around the locking wheel 17, and the two ends of the arc rod 19 are horizontally fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod 20, and the other end of the L-shaped rod 20 is vertically upward and fixed to the horizontal end of the T-shaped rod 21. The vertical end of the T-shaped rod 21 passes through the cavity and is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the vertical end of the T-shaped rod 21 is provided with a compression spring 22. One end of 22 is against the top surface in the cavity, and the other end of the compression spring 22 is against the horizontal surface of the T-shaped rod 21; when encountering an inclined hole, the support frame 2 and the guard plate 6 are separated by their own gravity, and they slide along the inclined angle, and the pulley 4 rotates along the slide rail 1. For this purpose, a locking unit is provided to drive the hydraulic cylinder 15. The hydraulic cylinder 15 pushes the support frame 2 so that the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 fit tightly together. At the same time, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 15 lifts the T-shaped rod 21, and the T-shaped rod 21 pulls up the arc rod 19 through the L-shaped rod 20. The arc rod 19 squeezes the locking wheel 17, stabilizes the rotation trend of the locking wheel 17, and also stabilizes the rotation trend of the pulley 4, thereby improving the stability of the support structure.

[0043] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 , an auxiliary unit is provided between the adjacent support frames 2; the auxiliary unit includes an adjusting rod 23 and a supporting block 24; the supporting block 24 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the support frame 2, and a placement groove 25 is provided on the upper surface of the supporting block 24; the adjusting rod 23 includes two extension rods 26 and a threaded cylinder 27, one end of the two extension rods 26 is threadedly connected to the threaded cylinder 27, and the other end of the two extension rods 26 is embedded in the placement groove 25; placing the end of the adjusting rod 23 in the supporting block 24, the two adjacent support frames 2 are connected together front and back, thereby improving the overall stability and further improving the supporting strength of the support structure to the hole body; at the same time, rotating the threaded cylinder 27, adjusting the extension rod 26 to squeeze toward the support rod 5, reducing the gap between the adjusting rod 23 and the support rod 5, making it more firm.

[0044] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12The other end of each extension rod 26 is symmetrically provided with a fixing hole 28; the upper end surface of each support block 24 is symmetrically provided with an insertion hole 241, and a U-shaped fixing rod 281 is inserted between the insertion hole 241 and the fixing hole 28; the end of the fixing rod 281 passing through the insertion hole 241 is threadedly connected to a nut; the fixing rod 281 is provided, firstly, to stabilize the relative rotation between the adjusting rod 23 and the support block 24, and when rotating the threaded cylinder 27, there is no need to consider the rotation of the extension rod 26, and it can be completed by one person, and secondly, to fix the up and down movement between the adjusting rod 23 and the support block 24, and the nut thread needs to be tightened on the fixing rod 281 passing through the insertion hole 241, so that the adjusting rod 23 can be stabilized, and disassembly is also more convenient.

[0045] Reference Figure 9 A plurality of through holes 29 are evenly opened in the middle of the threaded barrel 27; a rod-shaped object is inserted into the through hole 29, and then the rod-shaped object is rotated, which saves effort and facilitates the rotation of the thread.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Reference Figure 13 , compared with Example 1, as another implementation of the present invention, each of the T-shaped plates 12 is provided with a notch 30, and the notches 30 of two adjacent T-shaped plates 12 are staggered, and the steel bars 14 are sequentially passed through the notches 30 and arranged on the T-shaped plates 12; the notches 30 are provided in the T-shaped plates 12 to facilitate the laying of the steel bars 14, and at the same time, the staggered arrangement of adjacent notches 30 can directly fix the steel bars 14 on the T-shaped plates 12, and no wire is required for tying in the later stage, which saves steps, time and effort.

[0048] Working principle: In the embodiment of the present invention, a support structure with high construction efficiency is designed. During the excavation of the cave, a slide rail 1 is laid from the outside of the cave entrance, and the slide rail 1 is laid to the position of the excavated cave. At the same time, the guide rail 8 is also fixed to the top surface of the cave. Then, two support frames 2 are pre-built outside the cave entrance, and the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 are fixed to the support frame 2 by steel wire or bolts. The guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the support frame 2 are constructed into a support body, and then the support body is pushed to move along the slide rail 1 into the cave. At the same time, it is noted that the slider 9 on the support frame 2 must also slide into the guide rail 8, at this time, this support body supports and protects the already excavated hole, and then excavation is carried out forward. When a certain depth is excavated, the slide rail 1 and the guide rail 8 are laid, and at the same time, the newly constructed support body outside the hole is slid into the hole, and the front support body is pushed forward to the newly excavated position. According to the above process, the support bodies are laid in sequence, and the various components of the support structure are pre-assembled into a support body, that is, the support structure is divided into multiple modular support bodies. The cumbersome construction of the support body is completed in advance at the hole position, and each support body is moved deeper into the hole in time when needed, which is more efficient and saves time and effort.

[0049] A plurality of pouring holes are provided on the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7. After the excavation of the cave body is completed and the support body is evenly installed in the cave body, the end of the pipe body is inserted into the grouting hole through the pump body, and cement is injected into the outer surface position of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7, that is, the cement is poured into the reserved gap between the cave body and the support body. After the cement dries, the support frame 2 is removed from the cave body. At this time, there is no cement poured in the position covered by the guide rail 8 on the cave body. After the guide rail is removed, the blocking plate 11 is slid along the guide groove 10 to block the position covered by the guide rail 8. A pouring port is also provided on the blocking plate 11, and cement is poured into the position covered by the guide rail 8. The cement poured later solidifies on the cement poured earlier. The cement, guard plate 6, top plate 7 and blocking plate 11 form a steel-cement support body.

[0050] T-shaped plates 12 are provided on the outside of the guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the blocking plate 11 to increase the firmness with the cement. At the same time, these T-shaped plates 12 are cast in the cement and become a part of the cement, which can also enhance the overall strength of the cement. At the same time, wavy protrusions 13 are provided on the inner surfaces of the guard plate 6, the top plate 7 and the blocking plate 11 to enhance their own strength. Steel bars 14 are provided and arranged in advance. Vertical steel bars 14 can also be passed through between adjacent steel bars 14 to lay out a mesh steel bar 14 frame as a skeleton of the cement, which can further improve the strength of the solidified cement and also improve the safety performance of the cave body.

[0051] By setting a hydraulic cylinder 15, the hydraulic cylinder 15 raises or lowers the entire support frame 2, adjusts the height of the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7, and aligns two opposing guard plates 6 or two opposing top plates 7 to prevent the plate from overlapping, resulting in more cement waste when pouring cement later;

[0052] When encountering an inclined cave body, the support frame 2 and the guard plate 6 are separated by their own gravity, and the support frame 2 and the guard plate 6 are broken and slide along the inclined angle. The pulley 4 rotates along the slide rail 1. For this purpose, a locking unit is provided to drive the hydraulic cylinder 15. The hydraulic cylinder 15 pushes the support frame 2 so that the guard plate 6 and the top plate 7 fit tightly together. At the same time, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 15 lifts the T-shaped rod 21. The T-shaped rod 21 pulls up the arc rod 19 through the L-shaped rod 20. The arc rod 19 squeezes the locking wheel 17, stabilizing the rotation trend of the locking wheel 17. At the same time, the rotation trend of the pulley 4 is also stabilized, thereby improving the stability of the support structure.

[0053] Place the end of the adjusting rod 23 in the bracket 24 to connect the two adjacent support frames 2 together front to back, thereby improving the overall stability and further increasing the supporting strength of the support structure to the cave body; at the same time, rotate the threaded cylinder 27 to adjust the extension rod 26 to squeeze towards the support rod 5, thereby reducing the gap between the adjusting rod 23 and the support rod 5 and making it more secure;

[0054] The fixing rod 281 is provided for the following purposes: firstly, to stabilize the relative rotation between the adjusting rod 23 and the supporting block 24. When rotating the threaded barrel 27, there is no need to consider the rotation of the extension rod 26, and it can be completed by one person; secondly, to fix the up and down movement between the adjusting rod 23 and the supporting block 24. The nut thread needs to be tightened on the fixing rod 281 part that passes through the insertion hole 241, so that the adjusting rod 23 can be stabilized and disassembly is also more convenient; inserting the rod-shaped object into the through hole 29 and then rotating the rod-shaped object saves effort and facilitates the rotation of the thread.

[0055] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel cross tunnel into the main tunnel cantilever support structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a symmetrically arranged slide rail, a support frame is provided on the slide rail, the support frame is in an inverted U shape, grooves are provided at both ends of the support frame, pulleys are rotatably connected in the grooves, the pulleys are slidably connected to the slide rails, staggered support rods are fixedly connected to the upper semi-arc portion of the support frame, guard plates are provided on both sides of the support frame, and top plates are provided obliquely above both sides of the support frame; the guard plates and the top plates are both placed between the support frame and the inner side wall of the hole; a guide rail is provided between the guard plates and the top plate; the guide rail is penetrated by a long screw and fixed to the inner side wall of the hole, a slider is fixed to the outer surface of the arc portion of the support frame, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail; The two side edges of the top plate and the upper edge of the guard plate are provided with arc-shaped guide grooves, and blocking plates are provided between the top plate and the guard plate and between two adjacent top plates. The stepped portions on both sides of the blocking plates are slidably connected in the guide grooves; A hydraulic cylinder and a base block are provided at the lower end of the support frame; the upper end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support frame, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the base block, and a groove is provided on the lower end surface of the base block, in which a pulley is rotatably connected; A cavity is provided in the base block, and a locking unit is provided in the cavity; the locking unit includes a locking wheel and a locking rod; the locking rod includes an arc-shaped rod, an L-shaped rod and a T-shaped rod; a locking wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft of each pulley, and an arc-shaped rod is provided below the locking wheel, and the arc-shaped rod is half wrapped around the locking wheel, and both ends of the arc-shaped rod are horizontally fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is vertically upward and fixed to the horizontal end of the T-shaped rod, the vertical end of the T-shaped rod passes through the cavity and is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and the vertical end of the T-shaped rod is sleeved with a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is against the top surface in the cavity, and the other end of the compression spring is against the horizontal surface of the T-shaped rod; An auxiliary unit is provided between adjacent support frames; the auxiliary unit comprises an adjusting rod and a support block; the support block is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the support frame, and a placement groove is provided on the upper surface of the support block; the adjusting rod comprises two extension rods and a threaded barrel, one end of the two extension rods is threadedly connected to the threaded barrel, and the other end of the two extension rods is embedded in the placement groove; The other end of each extension rod is symmetrically provided with a fixing hole; the upper end surface of each support block is symmetrically provided with an insertion hole, and a U-shaped fixing rod is inserted between the insertion hole and the fixing hole; the end of the fixing rod passing through the insertion hole is threadedly connected to a nut; A plurality of through holes are evenly arranged in the middle of the threaded barrel.

2. The tunnel cross tunnel entry main tunnel cantilever support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of T-shaped plates are evenly fixed to the outer surfaces of the guard plate and the top plate, and wavy protrusions are arranged side by side on the inner surfaces of the guard plate and the top plate.

3. The tunnel cross tunnel entry main tunnel cantilever support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each T-shaped plate is provided with a through hole, and steel bars are passed through the through holes in the same row.

4. The tunnel cross tunnel entry main tunnel cantilever support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A notch is formed on each of the T-shaped plates, and the notches of two adjacent T-shaped plates are arranged alternately. The steel bars are sequentially passed through the notches and arranged on the T-shaped plates.

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