Machine tool tailstock

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a tailstock of a machine tool, comprising a base and a mounting base. The base is provided with an electric cylinder for driving the mounting base in horizontal motion. The mounting base is provided with a tapered cylinder for inserting into a tubular workpiece, the diameter of the tapered cylinder facing the mounting base being larger than the diameter of the tapered cylinder facing away from the mounting base. An annular airbag is fixedly mounted on the tapered cylinder for squeezing the end of the tubular workpiece. The annular airbag is connected to a telescopic bellows via a connecting tube. The telescopic bellows is provided with a conductive block, which is connected to the electric cylinder via a wire. The mounting base is provided with a battery and a power supply block, which are connected to the power supply block via a wire. When the telescopic bellows is in a contracted state, the conductive block will abut against the power supply block. The present application can improve the machining efficiency of tubular workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a tailstock of a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The tailstock of a machine tool generally refers to a component that cooperates with the spindle box to support the workpiece or tool. It is often installed in CNC machine tools used for processing mechanical parts. Most of them are the ejector pins at the tail of the machine tool. The ejector pin fixes the other side of the part fixed by the three-jaw chuck to prevent the part from falling off.

[0003] Currently, in the process of fixing tubular workpieces, workers need to first adjust the position of the tail pin so that the tail pin is tightly inserted into the tubular workpiece; then adjust the position of the stretching plate so that the support seat can support the tubular workpiece; then adjust the position of the support seat so that the two support seats can clamp the tubular workpiece together.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found the following defects: the fixing steps of the tubular workpiece are relatively complicated, and the adjustment process is relatively time-consuming, which affects the processing efficiency of the tubular workpiece, and therefore needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the processing efficiency of tubular workpieces, the present application provides a machine tool tailstock.

[0006] The present application provides a machine tool tailstock, which adopts the following technical solution: the machine tool tailstock comprises a base and a mounting seat, wherein the base is provided with an electric cylinder for driving the mounting seat to move horizontally, and the mounting seat is provided with a tapered cylinder for inserting into a tubular workpiece, wherein the diameter of the tapered cylinder at one end facing the mounting seat is larger than the diameter of the tapered cylinder at the other end facing away from the mounting seat;

[0007] The fixed sleeve on the conical cylinder is provided with an annular airbag for squeezing the end of the tubular workpiece. The annular airbag is connected to a telescopic bellows through a connecting pipe. The telescopic bellows is provided with a conductive block, which is connected to the electric cylinder through a wire.

[0008] A battery and a power supply block are provided on the mounting seat. The battery is connected to the power supply block through a wire. When the telescopic bellows is in a contracted state, the conductive block will contact the power supply block.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting seat is connected to a limit plate for the end face of the tubular workpiece to abut against via an elastic telescopic rod, and the length direction of the elastic telescopic rod is the same as the inclination direction of one side of the conical tube.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting seat is provided on the mounting seat, and a plurality of support seats are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the conical cylinder on the connecting seat. The support seats are located on the side of the conical cylinder away from the mounting seat and are connected to the connecting seat along the radial sliding direction of the conical cylinder. The connecting seat is provided with a driving mechanism for driving all the support seats to move synchronously along the radial direction of the conical cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a sliding column arranged coaxially with the conical cylinder and a driving unit for driving the sliding column to move along its own axial direction. Each support seat is connected to the same rotating rod for rotation together with the sliding column. During the sliding process, the sliding column will drive the support seat to move radially along the conical cylinder through the rotating rod.

[0012] Optionally, the sliding column is connected to the connecting seat by sliding along its own axial direction, and the driving unit includes a pull rope connected to the limiting plate and the sliding column, and a first spring connected to the connecting seat and the sliding column;

[0013] When the limit plate moves toward the end of the conical tube with a larger diameter, the first spring will force the sliding column to move toward the end of the conical tube with a smaller diameter. The sliding column will drive the support seat to move away from the axis of the conical tube through the rotating rod.

[0014] When the annular airbag is pressed against the outer wall of the tapered cylinder, the support seat will be pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece.

[0015] Optionally, the support seat includes a sliding rod for rotationally connecting to the rotating rod, the sliding rod is connected to the connecting seat by sliding along the radial direction of the conical cylinder, and a clamping plate is provided on the sliding rod, and an elastic pad is provided on the clamping plate for clamping the inner wall of the tubular workpiece.

[0016] Optionally, a guide wheel for the pull rope to pass around is rotatably connected to the connecting seat.

[0017] Optionally, at least two groups of the limiting plates and the elastic telescopic rods are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the conical cylinder. The pull ropes on the two limiting plates converge into one at the guide wheel and are jointly connected to the sliding column. There are two guide wheels in total and are used to jointly clamp the pull rope.

[0018] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag against the outer wall of the conical cylinder, the air entering the telescopic bellows through the connecting tube will just cause the telescopic bellows to drive the conductive block away from the power supply block. At this time, the electric cylinder will be powered off, and the mounting base and conical cylinder will stop moving. This achieves accurate fixation of tubular workpieces of different lengths and inner diameters, eliminating the need for workers to visually determine whether the tubular workpiece is clamped.

[0020] When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag against the conical cylinder, the elastic telescopic rod in the compressed state will cause the limit plate to press against the end face of the tubular workpiece due to its own rebound force, thereby improving the clamping and fixing effect of the tubular workpiece;

[0021] When the end face of the tubular workpiece is pressed against the limit plate, the limit plate will force the support seat to press against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece through the pull rope, sliding column and rotating rod. There is no need to perform multiple adjustments to adapt to tubular workpieces of different specifications, thereby improving the processing efficiency of tubular workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base and the tapered cylinder in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the interior of the conical cylinder in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the annular airbag, power supply block, and conductive block in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the connecting seat, supporting seat and driving mechanism in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure markings: 1. Base; 11. Electric cylinder; 2. Mounting seat; 21. Battery; 22. Power supply block; 23. Elastic telescopic rod; 231. Fixed cylinder; 232. Limiting rod; 233. Second spring; 24. Limiting plate; 3. Conical cylinder; 31. Annular airbag; 32. Connecting tube; 33. Telescopic bellows; 34. Conductive block; 4. Connecting seat; 41. Slide rail; 42. Limiting ring; 43. Guide wheel; 5. Support seat; 51. Slide rod; 52. Clamping plate; 53. Elastic pad; 6. Driving mechanism; 61. Slide column; 611. Sliding block; 62. Driving unit; 621. Pull rope; 622. First spring; 63. Rotating rod. Implementation Method

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application discloses a tailstock of a machine tool. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the tailstock of a machine tool comprises a base 1, on which is mounted an electric cylinder 11. The piston rod of the electric cylinder 11 extends horizontally and is connected to a vertical mounting base 2. A tapered barrel 3 is mounted on the side of the mounting base 2 facing away from the electric cylinder 11. The diameter of the end of the tapered barrel 3 facing the mounting base 2 is larger than the diameter of the end of the tapered barrel 3 facing away from the mounting base 2. The electric cylinder 11 can drive the tapered barrel 3 in its own axial motion through the mounting base 2, allowing the tapered barrel 3 to be horizontally inserted and tightened into tubular workpieces of varying inner diameters, thereby achieving preliminary fixation of tubular workpieces of varying specifications.

[0030] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, an annular airbag 31 is fixedly provided on the conical cylinder 3, and the inner side of the annular airbag 31 is open and bonded to the outer wall of the conical cylinder 3, so that the inner wall of the annular airbag 31 and the outer wall of the conical cylinder 3 together form a sealed cavity, and the annular airbag 31 is connected to a telescopic bellows 33 through a connecting tube 32, and the connecting tube 32 is installed on the inner wall of the conical cylinder 3 and penetrates the conical cylinder 3, and a conductive block 34 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic bellows 33, and the conductive block 34 is connected to the electric cylinder 11 through a wire; a battery 21 and a power supply block 22 are installed on the mounting seat 2, and the battery 21 is connected to the power supply block 22 through a wire.

[0031] During the clamping and fixing process of the tubular workpiece, the worker will turn on the battery 21. At this time, the telescopic bellows 33 is in a contracted state, the conductive block 34 will contact the power supply block 22, and the battery 21 will power the electric cylinder 11 through the power supply block 22 and the conductive block 34. The electric cylinder 11 will drive the mounting base 2 to move, so that the conical cylinder 3 penetrates into the interior of the tubular workpiece.

[0032] As the conical cylinder 3 gradually goes deeper, the end of the tubular workpiece will gradually press the annular airbag 31, and the annular airbag 31 will be gradually compressed. The air in the sealed cavity will enter the telescopic bellows 33 through the connecting tube 32, and the telescopic bellows 33 will extend and cause the conductive block 34 to move away from the power supply block 22.

[0033] When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag 31 against the outer wall of the conical tube 3, the air entering the telescopic bellows 33 through the connecting tube 32 will just cause the telescopic bellows 33 to drive the conductive block 34 to separate from the power supply block 22. At this time, the electric cylinder 11 will be powered off, and the mounting base 2 and the conical tube 3 will stop moving, thus achieving accurate fixation of tubular workpieces of different lengths and different inner diameters, without the need for workers to visually determine whether the tubular workpiece is clamped.

[0034] It is worth noting that two connecting tubes 32 can be provided, and the air in the squeezed annular airbag 31 can enter the same telescopic bellows 33 through the two connecting tubes 32, so that the air in the annular airbag 31 can be quickly discharged into the telescopic bellows 33; a wear-resistant layer can be applied to the outer wall of the annular airbag 31, and during the rotation of the tubular workpiece, the wear-resistant layer will prevent the tubular workpiece from wearing the annular airbag 31 easily; a waterproof insulating shell can be installed on the power supply block 22 and the conductive block 34, which not only prevents the power supply block 22 and the conductive block 34 from contacting the water body, but also prevents workers from accidentally touching the power supply block 22 and the conductive block 34.

[0035] The mounting base 2 is connected to the limit plate 24 via an elastic telescopic rod 23. The length of the elastic telescopic rod 23 is aligned with the inclination of one side of the conical tube 3. As the conical tube 3 gradually penetrates into the tubular workpiece, the end face of the tubular workpiece abuts against the limit plate 24, pushing the limit plate 24 to move, gradually compressing the elastic telescopic rod 23. When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag 31 against the conical tube 3, the elastic telescopic rod 23 in its compressed state, due to its own resilience, forces the limit plate 24 to abut against the end face of the tubular workpiece, thereby enhancing the clamping and securing effect of the tubular workpiece.

[0036] It is worth noting that at least two groups of limiting plates 24 and elastic telescopic rods 23 are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the tapered tube 3. Multiple groups of limiting plates 24 are pressed against the end face of the tubular workpiece together, further improving the stability of the tubular workpiece.

[0037] The elastic telescopic rod 23 includes a fixed cylinder 231 mounted on the mounting base 2 and a limiting rod 232 mounted on the limiting plate 24. The limiting rod 232 is slidably embedded in the fixed cylinder 231 and is wrapped with a second spring 233. The ends of the second spring 233 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder 231 and the limiting plate 24. The sliding engagement between the limiting rod 232 and the fixed cylinder 231 limits the movement direction of the limiting plate 24. The provision of the second spring 233 enables the limiting plate 24 to be pressed tightly against the end face of the tubular workpiece.

[0038] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a connecting seat 4 is installed on the side of the mounting seat 2 facing away from the electric cylinder 11, and a plurality of support seats 5 are provided on the connecting seat 4 which are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the conical cylinder 3. In this embodiment, there are three support seats 5, which are located on the side of the conical cylinder 3 away from the mounting seat 2 and are connected to the connecting seat 4 by sliding along the radial direction of the conical cylinder 3. A driving mechanism 6 is provided on the connecting seat 4, which can drive all the support seats 5 to move synchronously along the radial direction of the conical cylinder 3, so that all the support seats 5 can be synchronously pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece, so that the tubular workpiece is further clamped and fixed.

[0039] The driving mechanism 6 includes a sliding column 61 coaxially arranged with the conical cylinder 3, and a driving unit 62 for driving the sliding column 61 to move along its own axial direction. Each support seat 5 is connected to the same rotating rod 63 for rotating together with the sliding column 61, and the sliding column 61 is connected to the connecting seat 4 by sliding along its own axial direction; the driving unit 62 includes a pull rope 621 connected to the limit plate 24 and the sliding column 61, and a first spring 622 connected to the connecting seat 4 and the sliding column 61.

[0040] When the tubular workpiece pushes the limit plate 24 to move toward the end with a larger diameter of the conical tube 3, the pull rope 621 will gradually relax, the first spring 622 will gradually return to its natural state and cause the pull rope 621 to be tightened again, and the first spring 622 will cause the sliding column 61 to move toward the end with a smaller diameter of the conical tube 3. During the sliding process, the sliding column 61 will drive the rotating rod 63 to flip, and during the flipping process, the rotating rod 63 will drive the support seat 5 to move away from the axis of the conical tube 3, so that the support seat 5 is pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece to improve the stability of the tubular workpiece.

[0041] It is worth noting that the component speed of the limit plate 24 in the horizontal direction is proportional to the radial speed of the support seat 5 along the conical cylinder 3, that is, when the tubular workpiece pushes the limit plate 24 to move and presses the annular airbag 31 against the outer wall of the conical cylinder 3, the support seat 5 will just be pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece to achieve rapid clamping and fixation of the tubular workpiece, without the need for multiple adjustments to adapt to tubular workpieces of different specifications, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the tubular workpiece.

[0042] Two slide rails 41 extending axially along the conical cylinder 3 are installed on the connecting seat 4, and two sliders 611 slidably embedded in the corresponding slide rails 41 are installed on the slide column 61. The sliding cooperation between the sliders 611 and the slide rails 41 realizes the sliding connection between the slide column 61 and the connecting seat 4.

[0043] The support seat 5 includes a sliding rod 51 for rotationally connecting the rotating rod 63. The sliding rod 51 is connected to the connecting seat 4 by sliding along the radial direction of the conical cylinder 3. A clamping plate 52 is installed on the end of the sliding rod 51 away from the axis of the conical cylinder 3, and an elastic pad 53 is installed on the end of the clamping plate 52 away from the slide rod 51.

[0044] During the movement of the sliding column 61, the sliding column 61 will drive the rotating rod 63 to flip, and the rotating rod 63 will drive the sliding rod 51 to slide radially along the tapered cylinder 3. The sliding rod 51 will drive the clamping plate 52 to move synchronously, and the clamping plate 52 will support the elastic pad 53. The elastic pad 53 will be squeezed and deformed by the clamping plate 52 and the inner wall of the tubular workpiece, and the compressed elastic pad 53 will be pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece, which not only improves the clamping and fixing effect of the tubular workpiece, but also enables the present application to clamp and fix tubular workpieces with different wall thicknesses.

[0045] A plurality of limiting rings 42 are installed on the connecting seat 4 , and the sliding rod 51 is slidably embedded in the limiting rings 42 , thereby achieving a sliding connection between the sliding rod 51 and the connecting seat 4 .

[0046] There are multiple guide wheels 43 rotatably connected to the connecting seat 4, and the pull ropes 621 on the two limiting plates 24 converge into one at the guide wheel 43 and are jointly connected to the sliding column 61. The converged pull rope 621 passes between two adjacent guide wheels 43, and the guide wheel 43 realizes the change of the pulling direction of the pull rope 621; both guide wheels 43 are provided with an annular groove for partially sinking the pull rope 621, so that the pull rope 621 is not easy to fall off from between the two guide wheels 43.

[0047] The implementation principle of the tailstock of the machine tool in the embodiment of the present application is: during the clamping and fixing process of the tubular workpiece, the worker will turn on the battery 21. At this time, the telescopic bellows 33 is in a contracted state, and the conductive block 34 will contact the power supply block 22. The battery 21 will power the electric cylinder 11 through the power supply block 22 and the conductive block 34. The electric cylinder 11 will drive the mounting base 2 to move, so that the conical cylinder 3 penetrates into the interior of the tubular workpiece.

[0048] As the conical cylinder 3 gradually goes deeper, the end of the tubular workpiece will gradually press the annular airbag 31, and the annular airbag 31 will be gradually compressed. The air in the sealed cavity will enter the telescopic bellows 33 through the connecting tube 32, and the telescopic bellows 33 will extend and cause the conductive block 34 to move away from the power supply block 22.

[0049] When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag 31 against the outer wall of the conical tube 3, the air entering the telescopic bellows 33 through the connecting tube 32 will just cause the telescopic bellows 33 to drive the conductive block 34 to separate from the power supply block 22. At this time, the electric cylinder 11 will be powered off, and the mounting base 2 and the conical tube 3 will stop moving, so that the conical tube 3 can be accurately inserted into tubular workpieces of different specifications.

[0050] As the conical cylinder 3 gradually penetrates into the interior of the tubular workpiece, the end face of the tubular workpiece will press against the limit plate 24 and push the limit plate 24 to move closer to the end with a larger diameter of the conical cylinder 3. The pull rope 621 will relax so that the first spring 622 can prompt the slide column 61 to move closer to the end with a smaller diameter of the conical cylinder 3. The slide column 61 will drive the support seat 5 to move away from the axis of the conical cylinder 3 through the rotating rod 63.

[0051] When the tubular workpiece presses the annular airbag 31 against the outer wall of the conical tube 3, the elastic telescopic rod 23 will force the limit plate 24 to press against the end face of the tubular workpiece, and the first spring 622 will force the support seat 5 to press against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece through the sliding column 61 and the rotating rod 63.

[0052] To sum up, workers only need to turn on the battery 21 to simultaneously complete the single fixation of the conical cylinder 3 on the tubular workpiece, the double fixation of the limit plate 24 on the tubular workpiece, and the triple fixation of the support seat 5 on the tubular workpiece, thereby realizing the rapid and accurate fixation of tubular workpieces of different lengths, different inner diameters, and different wall thicknesses. Workers do not need to determine whether the tubular workpiece is clamped by visual inspection, nor do they need to perform too many fixing steps, thereby improving the processing efficiency of tubular workpieces.

[0053] In addition, one end of the tubular workpiece is clamped and fixed by the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, and the other end is clamped and fixed by the present invention, so that the part between the two ends of the tubular workpiece can be suspended, so that workers can process the surface of the tubular workpiece.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. Tailstock of machine tool, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (1) and a mounting seat (2), wherein the base (1) is provided with an electric cylinder (11) for driving the mounting seat (2) to move horizontally, and the mounting seat (2) is provided with a tapered cylinder (3) for inserting into a tubular workpiece, wherein the diameter of the end of the tapered cylinder (3) facing the mounting seat (2) is larger than the diameter of the end of the tapered cylinder (3) facing away from the mounting seat (2); An annular airbag (31) is fixedly provided on the conical cylinder (3) for squeezing the end of the tubular workpiece. The annular airbag (31) is connected to a telescopic bellows (33) via a connecting tube (32). A conductive block (34) is provided on the telescopic bellows (33). The conductive block (34) is connected to the electric cylinder (11) via a wire. The mounting base (2) is provided with a battery (21) and a power supply block (22), the battery (21) is connected to the power supply block (22) via a wire, and when the telescopic bellows (33) is in a contracted state, the conductive block (34) will abut against the power supply block (22); The mounting base (2) is connected to the end surface of the tubular workpiece through an elastic telescopic rod (23) for contact with the limit plate (24), the elastic telescopic rod (23) has a length direction and the same inclination direction of one side of the tapered tube (3); The mounting seat (2) is provided with a connecting seat (4), and the connecting seat (4) is provided with a plurality of supporting seats (5) arranged circumferentially around the axis of the conical cylinder (3). The supporting seats (5) are located on a side of the conical cylinder (3) away from the mounting seat (2) and are connected to the connecting seat (4) by sliding along the radial direction of the conical cylinder (3). The connecting seat (4) is provided with a driving mechanism (6) for driving all the supporting seats (5) to move synchronously along the radial direction of the conical cylinder (3). The driving mechanism (6) includes a sliding column (61) arranged coaxially with the conical cylinder (3), and a driving mechanism (6) for driving the sliding column (61). A driving unit (62) moves along its own axial direction, each support seat (5) is connected to the same rotating rod (63) for rotation together with the sliding column (61), and the sliding column (61) drives the support seat (5) to move radially along the conical cylinder (3) through the rotating rod (63) during the sliding process; the sliding column (61) is connected to the connecting seat (4) by sliding along its own axial direction, and the driving unit (62) includes a pull rope (621) connected to the limit plate (24) and the sliding column (61), and a first spring (622) connected to the connecting seat (4) and the sliding column (61); When the limit plate (24) moves toward the end of the conical cylinder (3) with a larger diameter, the first spring (622) will cause the sliding column (61) to move toward the end of the conical cylinder (3) with a smaller diameter, and the sliding column (61) will drive the support seat (5) to move away from the axis of the conical cylinder (3) through the rotating rod (63); When the annular airbag (31) is pressed against the outer wall of the conical cylinder (3), the support seat (5) will be pressed against the inner wall of the tubular workpiece.

2. The tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (5) includes a sliding rod (51) for rotationally connecting the rotating rod (63), the sliding rod (51) slidingly connected to the connecting seat (4) along the radial direction of the conical cylinder (3), and a clamping plate (52) is provided on the sliding rod (51), and an elastic pad (53) for clamping the inner wall of the tubular workpiece is provided on the clamping plate (52).

3. The tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting seat (4) is rotatably connected to a guide wheel (43) for the pull rope (621) to pass around.

4. The tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting plates (24) and the elastic telescopic rods (23) are each provided with at least two groups circumferentially around the axis of the conical cylinder (3). The pull ropes (621) on the two limiting plates (24) converge into one at the guide wheel (43) and are connected to the sliding column (61). There are two guide wheels (43) in total and are used to clamp the pull rope (621) together.

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