Waste plasma treatment device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste plasma treatment device, which includes a furnace body, a pool body mechanism and a plasma heating mechanism. The inner lining of the furnace body is provided with a heat-insulating refractory layer, and a feeding port for continuous feeding is opened thereon. The pool body mechanism includes a material pool and a molten liquid pool arranged from top to bottom in the furnace body, and a partition plate that separates the material pool and the molten liquid pool up and down. An electric heating device is arranged in the material pool, and an overflow port is arranged on the material pool. The upper-layer molten liquid in the material pool overflows into the molten liquid pool through a drainage pipeline. The plasma heating mechanism includes multiple groups of primary plasma torches and multiple groups of secondary plasma torches. In the present invention, waste materials enter the furnace body directly through the feeding port without being crushed and fall into the material pool. The multiple groups of primary plasma torches and the electric heating device cooperate with each other to heat and melt the newly entered waste materials, and then the molten liquid is treated twice by the multiple groups of primary plasma torches and the multiple groups of secondary plasma torches, so that the residual organic matter in the molten liquid is completely oxidized and decomposed and removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly to a waste plasma treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, the items manufactured and used by humans are also everywhere in the world. In particular, some electronic product components containing harmful chemical substances such as lead, chromium, and cadmium belong to high-risk garbage. The treatment of these wastes has also attracted the attention of the international community. Traditional technologies generally use methods such as landfilling and incineration, but they cannot be completely melted and will also produce harmful waste gases, causing direct or indirect pollution to the environment.

[0003] In recent years, the method of using plasma for waste treatment has begun to spread. The central temperature of the plasma torch can be as high as ten thousand degrees Celsius. When the high-temperature and high-pressure plasma impacts the object to be treated, the molecules and atoms of the object to be treated will recombine to form new substances, so that harmful substances become harmless substances, and even can become reusable resources.

[0004] In order to ensure the decomposition effect of waste by using plasma, it is necessary to break and dismember the waste in advance. Some wastes contain power components such as batteries, and internal short circuits during crushing cause combustion or explosion, resulting in the co-combustion of the waste being crushed together and the direct leakage of toxic and harmful gases into the atmospheric environment. That is, this method deviates from the original intention of waste treatment. Therefore, the present invention proposes a waste plasma treatment device that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste plasma treatment device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A waste plasma treatment device, including:

[0007] A furnace body, internally lined with a heat-insulating refractory layer, and provided with a feed inlet for continuous feeding thereon;

[0008] A pool mechanism, including a material pool and a melt pool arranged from top to bottom in the furnace body, and a partition separating the material pool and the melt pool up and down. An electric heating device is arranged in the material pool for heating and melting the incoming material. An overflow port is arranged on the material pool, and the upper-layer melt in the material pool overflows into the melt pool through a drain pipe;

[0009] The plasma heating mechanism includes multiple groups of primary plasma torches and multiple groups of secondary plasma torches. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a fixed state through mounting parts to contact the melt in the material pool, and multiple groups of secondary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through a movable mechanism to contact the melt in the melt pool.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the partition plate hermetically divides the furnace body into an upper treatment chamber and a lower treatment chamber up and down. The drain pipe passes through the cross plate and communicates with the melt pool. The upper treatment chamber and the lower treatment chamber are both provided with air inlets and air outlets.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a slag discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the material pool. The slag discharge pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body, and a sealing valve is installed on the slag discharge pipe.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, there are multiple overflow ports. Each overflow port is correspondingly provided with a group of drain pipes. The multiple overflow ports are continuously distributed on the material pool, and the height of each overflow port on the material pool is different.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a baffle is provided in the material pool. The baffle and the material pool form an overflow channel directly leading to multiple overflow ports.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the movable mechanism includes a truss connected to the partition plate, a shaft rod passing through the truss, a support plate connected to the shaft rod, and a power source installed outside the furnace body. Multiple groups of the secondary plasma torches are symmetrically distributed on the support plate. The power source is drivingly connected to the shaft rod through a transmission assembly.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a ring body is rotatably connected to the truss. The shaft rod is a polygonal rod and passes through the ring body. The support plate is movably sleeved on the shaft rod, and the support plate is connected with a movable rod passing through the ring body. A lifting source for driving the movable rod to move up and down is installed on the ring body.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a cross bar passing through the furnace body. The output end of the power source is connected to the cross bar. The cross bar and the shaft rod are meshed and driven by a gear set.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a detection unit for detecting whether there is melt flowing through is installed on each group of the drain pipes. The multiple detection units are electrically connected to the lifting source through a control processor.

[0018] The present invention also provides a waste treatment process for a waste plasma treatment device, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. A material pool and a molten liquid pool are arranged vertically in the furnace body from top to bottom, and an overflow port is arranged on the material pool.

[0020] S2. Waste materials enter the furnace body directly through the feed port without being crushed and fall into the material pool. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches cooperate with the electric heating device to heat and melt the just-entered waste materials. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches remain in a fixed state and initially impact and contact a part of the molten liquid in the material pool with a plasma flame flow, causing a pyrolysis oxidation reaction of the organic matter in the molten liquid. The upper-layer molten liquid in the material pool overflows into the molten liquid pool through the drain pipe.

[0021] S3. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through a movable mechanism to fully contact the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool, and perform secondary treatment on the molten liquid, so that the remaining organic matter in the molten liquid is completely oxidized and decomposed and removed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the waste plasma treatment device of the present invention, waste materials enter the furnace body directly through the feed port without being crushed and fall into the material pool. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches cooperate with the electric heating device to heat and melt the just-entered waste materials. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches initially impact and contact a part of the molten liquid in the material pool with a plasma flame flow, and the pyrolysis oxidation reaction of harmful organic matter will recombine to generate new substances, turning harmful substances into harmless substances. Due to the continuous input of waste materials, the heated and melted molten liquid will enter the molten liquid pool through the drain pipe from the overflow port. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through a movable mechanism to fully contact the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool, and perform secondary treatment on the molten liquid, so that the remaining organic matter in the molten liquid is completely oxidized and decomposed and removed. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional oblique view of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional oblique view of a central plane of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional oblique view of another central plane of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material pool of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the driving connection relationship between the power source and the shaft rod through the transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the moving mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 100, furnace body; 110, feeding port; 120, air inlet; 130, air outlet; 140, upper treatment chamber; 150, lower treatment chamber; 200, pool mechanism; 210, material pool; 211, overflow port; 212, liquid discharge pipeline; 213, detection unit; 214, slag discharge pipe; 215, baffle; 220, molten liquid pool; 230, partition board; 240, electric heating device; 300, plasma heating mechanism; 310, primary plasma torch; 320, secondary plasma torch; 400, moving mechanism; 410, truss; 420, shaft rod; 421, limit block; 430, support plate; 440, power source; 441, cross bar; 442, gear set; 450, ring body; 451, moving rod; 452, lifting source. Specific embodiments

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a waste plasma treatment device, including a furnace body 100, a pool mechanism 200 and a plasma heating mechanism 300. The interior of the furnace body 100 is lined with a heat-insulating refractory layer, and a feeding port 110 for continuous feeding is provided thereon. The heat-insulating refractory layer is composed of one or more materials among diatomite products, asbestos products, insulating boards, and clay bricks.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5, The pool body mechanism 200 includes a material pool 210 and a molten liquid pool 220 arranged vertically from top to bottom within the furnace body 100, and a partition plate 230 that separates the material pool 210 and the molten liquid pool 220 vertically. An electric heating device 240 is provided within the material pool 210 for heating and melting the incoming materials. A material guiding plate for guiding materials from the feed inlet 110 is provided within the furnace body 100. The waste materials enter the furnace body 100 directly through the feed inlet 110 without being crushed and fall into the material pool 210. An overflow port 211 is provided on the material pool 210, and the upper-layer molten liquid within the material pool 210 overflows through a liquid discharge pipe 212 into the molten liquid pool 220. The liquid discharge pipe 212 is also made of heat-insulating refractory material. Due to the continuous input of waste materials, the molten liquid formed by heating and melting will enter the molten liquid pool 220 through the overflow port 211 and the liquid discharge pipe 212.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , The plasma heating mechanism 300 includes multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 and multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 generate plasma flame flows in a fixed state through mounting members to contact the molten liquid in the material pool 210. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 cooperate with the electric heating device 240 to heat and melt the newly entered waste materials, and initially impact and contact a part of the molten liquid in the material pool 210 with plasma flame flows. The pyrolytic oxidation reaction of harmful organic substances will recombine to form new substances, turning harmful substances into harmless substances, which can be turned into reusable resources. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320 generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through a movable mechanism 400 to contact the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320 continuously move to fully contact the molten liquid overflowing into the molten liquid pool 220 with plasma flame flows, and perform secondary treatment on the molten liquid, so that the residual organic substances in the molten liquid are completely oxidized and decomposed and removed.

[0036] The waste materials enter the furnace body 100 directly through the feed inlet 110 without being crushed and fall into the material pool 210. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 cooperate with the electric heating device 240 to heat and melt the newly entered waste materials. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 initially impact and contact a part of the molten liquid in the material pool 210 with plasma flame flows. The pyrolytic oxidation reaction of harmful organic substances will recombine to form new substances, turning harmful substances into harmless substances. Due to the continuous input of waste materials, the molten liquid formed by heating and melting will enter the molten liquid pool 220 through the overflow port 211 and the liquid discharge pipe 212. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320 generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through a movable mechanism 400 to fully contact the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220, and perform secondary treatment on the molten liquid, so that the residual organic substances in the molten liquid are completely oxidized and decomposed and removed.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] On the basis of Embodiment 1, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 . There are multiple overflow ports 211, and each overflow port 211 is correspondingly provided with a set of liquid discharge pipes 212. The multiple overflow ports 211 are continuously distributed on the material pool 210, and the height of each overflow port 211 on the material pool 210 is different. The waste material melts into a molten liquid in the material pool 210, and can be discharged into the molten liquid pool 220 through different numbers of overflow ports 211 according to the height of the molten liquid in the material pool 210, so as to realize the melting and discharging of the continuously input waste material.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 . The moving mechanism 400 includes a truss 410 connected to the partition plate 230, a shaft rod 420 passing through the truss 410, a support plate 430 connected to the shaft rod 420, and a power source 440 installed outside the furnace body 100. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320 are symmetrically distributed on the support plate 430. The power source 440 is drivingly connected to the shaft rod 420 through a transmission assembly. The power source 440 is preferably a servo motor, which provides power for the rotation of the support plate 430 outside the furnace body 100.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 . The truss 410 is rotatably connected with a ring body 450. The ring body 450 can rotate on the truss 410. The shaft rod 420 is a polygonal rod and passes through the ring body 450. The support plate 430 is movably sleeved on the shaft rod 420, and the support plate 430 is connected with a movable rod 451 passing through the ring body 450. An elevating source 452 for driving the movable rod 451 to move up and down is installed on the ring body 450. The elevating source 452 is preferably an electric cylinder, which drives the support plate 430 to lift by driving the movable rod 451 to move up and down. A limiting block 421 is arranged at the bottom of the shaft rod 420, which is used to limit the lowest position of the support plate 430 on the shaft rod 420.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5, a detection unit 213 for detecting whether there is molten liquid flowing through is installed on each set of liquid discharge pipelines 212. A plurality of detection units 213 are electrically connected to a lifting source 452 through a control processor. When the molten liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge pipelines 212 of multiple sets of overflow ports 211 at different corresponding heights, the amount of molten liquid entering the molten liquid pool 220 in the molten liquid pool 220 is different, that is, the height of the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220 is different. At this time, the control processor receives the signal transmitted by the detection unit 213 on the liquid discharge pipeline 212 corresponding to the overflow port 211 with the highest outflow of molten liquid, and after processing, controls the lifting source 452 to make corresponding actions through a delay signal, driving the support plate 430 to rise or fall, so that the highest temperature part of the plasma jet generated by the secondary plasma torch 320 contacts the surface molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220, enabling the residual organic matter in the molten liquid to reach the optimal decomposition rate.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 , the transmission assembly includes a cross bar 441 passing through the furnace body 100. The output end of the power source 440 is connected to the cross bar 441, and the cross bar 441 and the shaft rod 420 are meshed and driven by a gear set 442.

[0043] Due to the change in the amount and volume of waste input through the feed port 110, the waste material is heated and melted to form molten liquid, which can be discharged into the molten liquid pool 220 through different numbers of overflow ports 211 according to the internal height in the material pool 210. The control processor receives the signal transmitted by the detection unit 213 on the liquid discharge pipeline 212 corresponding to the overflow port 211 with the highest outflow of molten liquid, and after processing, controls the lifting source 452 to make corresponding actions through a delay signal, driving the support plate 430 to rise or fall. The power source 440 drives the cross bar 441, and the cross bar 441 drives the shaft rod 420 through the gear set 442, ultimately driving the multiple secondary plasma torches 320 on the support plate 430 to rotate back and forth, so that the highest temperature part of the plasma jet generated by the secondary plasma torch 320 fully contacts the surface molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220, effectively improving the decomposition rate of the harmless organic matter in the molten liquid pool 220.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] On the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the partition plate 230 hermetically divides the furnace body 100 into an upper processing chamber 140 and a lower processing chamber 150 up and down. The liquid discharge pipeline 212 passes through the cross plate and is communicated with the molten liquid pool 220. The upper processing chamber 140 and the lower processing chamber 150 are both provided with an air inlet 120 and an air outlet 130. The air inlet 120 provides oxidizing gases such as oxygen through an external air inlet device. The upper processing chamber 140 and the lower processing chamber 150 are respectively connected to external gas transmission pipelines, and the gas transmission pipelines transport the discharged gas to a gas purification device for harmless discharge.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 A slag discharge pipe 214 is provided at the bottom of the material pool 210. The slag discharge pipe 214 extends to the outside of the furnace body 100, and a sealing valve is installed on the slag discharge pipe 214. The sealing valve is also made of refractory material to block the slag discharge pipe 214. During primary waste treatment, after multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 fully impact and contact the molten liquid in the material pool 210 with plasma flame jets, the remaining molten metal layer and other impurities in the material pool 210 can be discharged through the slag discharge pipe 214.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] On the basis of the embodiments of any one of 1-3, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 There are multiple overflow ports 211, and each overflow port 211 is correspondingly provided with a set of liquid discharge pipes 212. The multiple overflow ports 211 are continuously distributed on the material pool 210, and the height of each overflow port 211 on the material pool 210 is different. The waste material melts into molten liquid in the material pool 210, and can be discharged into the molten liquid pool 220 through different numbers of overflow ports 211 according to the height of the molten liquid in the material pool 210, realizing the melting and discharging of continuously input waste materials; a baffle 215 is provided in the material pool 210, and the baffle 215 and the material pool 210 form an overflow channel leading directly to the multiple overflow ports 211. The formed overflow channel can prevent the waste materials entering the material pool 210 from blocking the overflow ports 211, so that the generated molten liquid can be smoothly discharged through the overflow ports 211.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The waste treatment process of the waste plasma treatment device specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Arrange a material pool 210 and a molten liquid pool 220 in the furnace body 100 from top to bottom, and set overflow ports 211 on the material pool 210;

[0052] S2. The waste material directly enters the furnace body 100 through the feed port 110 without being crushed and falls into the material pool 210. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 and the electric heating device 240 cooperate with each other to heat and melt the just-entered waste material. Multiple groups of primary plasma torches 310 remain in a fixed state and initially impact and contact a part of the molten liquid in the material pool 210 with plasma flame jets, so that the organic matter in the molten liquid undergoes pyrolysis oxidation reaction. The upper-layer molten liquid in the material pool 210 overflows into the molten liquid pool 220 through the liquid discharge pipes 212;

[0053] S3. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches 320 are in an active state through the moving mechanism 400 to generate plasma flame flows that are in full contact with the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool 220, and the molten liquid is processed a second time, so that the residual organic matter in the molten liquid is completely oxidized and decomposed and removed.

[0054] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Waste plasma treatment device, characterized in that, include: The furnace body is lined with a heat-insulating refractory layer and has a feed port for continuous feeding; The tank body structure includes a material tank and a molten liquid tank arranged from top to bottom in the furnace body, and a partition separating the material tank and the molten liquid tank from top to bottom. An electric heating device is arranged in the material tank for heating and melting the incoming material. An overflow port is arranged on the material tank, and the upper molten liquid in the material tank overflows into the molten liquid tank through a drainage pipe. The plasma heating mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of primary plasma torches and a plurality of groups of secondary plasma torches. The plurality of groups of primary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a fixed state through mounting parts to contact the molten liquid in the material pool, and the plurality of groups of secondary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in a movable state through movable mechanisms to contact the molten liquid in the molten liquid pool; There are multiple overflow ports, each of which is correspondingly provided with a set of drainage pipes, the multiple overflow ports are continuously distributed on the material pool, and each of the overflow ports is at a different height on the material pool; A baffle is provided in the material pool, and the baffle and the material pool form an overflow channel directly connected to a plurality of overflow ports; The movable mechanism includes a truss connected to the partition, a shaft rod passing through the truss, a support plate connected to the shaft rod, and a power source installed outside the furnace body, multiple groups of the secondary plasma torches are symmetrically distributed on the support plate, and the power source is connected to the shaft rod through a transmission assembly; The truss is rotatably connected to a ring body, the shaft rod is a polygonal rod and passes through the ring body, the support plate is movably arranged on the shaft rod, and the support plate is connected to a movable rod passing through the ring body, and a lifting source for driving the movable rod to move up and down is installed on the ring body; The transmission assembly includes a crossbar passing through the furnace body, the output end of the power source is connected to the crossbar, and the crossbar and the shaft are meshed and driven by a gear set; Each group of the liquid discharge pipes is equipped with a detection unit for detecting whether molten liquid flows through, and a plurality of the detection units are connected with the lifting source electrical signal through a control processor.

2. The waste plasma treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition airtightly separates the furnace body into an upper processing chamber and a lower processing chamber, the liquid discharge pipe passes through the transverse plate and is connected to the molten liquid pool, and the upper processing chamber and the lower processing chamber are both provided with an air inlet and an air outlet.

3. The waste plasma treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A slag discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the material pool, the slag discharge pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body, and a sealing valve is installed on the slag discharge pipe.

4. A waste treatment process based on the waste plasma treatment device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The specific steps include: S1. A material pool and a molten liquid pool are arranged from top to bottom in the furnace body, and an overflow port is arranged on the material pool; S2. The waste materials directly enter the furnace body through the feed port without being crushed and fall into the material pool. Multiple sets of primary plasma torches and electric heating devices cooperate with each other to heat and melt the waste materials that have just entered. Multiple sets of primary plasma torches remain in a fixed state and initially impact and contact part of the melt in the material pool with plasma flame flow, so that the organic matter in the melt undergoes pyrolysis and oxidation reaction, and the upper layer of the melt in the material pool overflows into the melt pool through the drainage pipe; S3. Multiple groups of secondary plasma torches generate plasma flame flows in an active state through active mechanisms to fully contact the melt in the melt pool, and perform secondary treatment on the melt, so that the residual organic matter in the melt is completely oxidized and decomposed to be removed.

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