A suspended advance support and support method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a suspended advance support, comprising an anti-rollover module, a first-level top connection module, a second-level sliding module, a third-level folding module, and an auxiliary upper monorail crane module arranged at the bottom of the first-level top connection module, which are located inside the tunnel and arranged in sequence along the excavation direction. The first-level top connection module is used to provide primary support for the tunnel roof and is suspended from the monorail crane on the tunnel roof via an anchor hook, with a first support portion fixed to the top. The second-level sliding module is used to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof. The third-level folding module is used to provide tertiary support for the tunnel roof, with a fourth support portion fixed to the top of the anti-rollover module. The first-level top connection module has a first support leg hingedly provided at its bottom, and the second-level sliding module has a second support leg hingedly provided at its bottom. The present invention enables concurrent excavation and support operations on the excavation working face, has good adaptability to tunnel environments, and improves tunnel excavation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and more particularly to a suspended advance support and a support method. Background Art

[0002] At present, tunnel excavation widely uses the method of cooperating cantilever tunnel boring machines and anchor drilling rigs. After the tunnel boring machine cuts a certain distance, in order to prevent roof collapse accidents, the tunnel boring machine has to stop and retreat to carry out temporary support operations, which makes it impossible to operate the tunneling and support in parallel, and then there is an imbalance in the ratio of coal mining and tunneling.

[0003] The existing advance support equipment cannot adapt well to the needs of temporary support of tunnels. There are problems such as repeated rolling of the roof, poor adaptability to irregular roof, interference with the cutting process of the tunnel boring machine, and affecting the working efficiency of the tunnel boring machine.

[0004] Therefore, in the support work of mine tunnels, it is necessary to introduce advanced technical means and automated equipment to realize the automation and equipment of tunnel support, so as to improve excavation efficiency, reduce labor intensity of personnel, and reduce the incidence of safety accidents, thereby better ensuring coal production and the safety of personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a suspended advance support and support method, which has solved the above-mentioned technical problems. By utilizing the top space of the tunnel for suspension and self-movement, the possibility of interference between the support and the tunneling machine is reduced, and the tunneling and support operations of the tunneling working face are realized in parallel. It has good adaptability to the tunnel environment and can also realize the auxiliary steel belt, anchor net, and monorail hanging beam, realize three cycle steps of tunneling, and perform a full anchoring operation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a suspended advance support, comprising an anti-overturning module, a first-level top connection module, a second-level sliding module, a third-level folding module, and an auxiliary upper monorail hanging module arranged at the bottom of the first-level top connection module, which are located inside the tunnel and arranged in sequence along the excavation direction;

[0007] The first-level top connection module is used to provide first-level support for the tunnel roof. There are at least two groups of them, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the width direction of the tunnel. The first-level top connection module is suspended on the monorail of the tunnel roof through anchor hooks, and a first support portion is fixed on the top;

[0008] The secondary sliding module is used to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof. At least one group is provided, which is arranged at the front end of any group of the primary top connection modules and is horizontally slidably connected to the primary top module. A second support portion is fixed on the top of the secondary sliding module.

[0009] The three-stage folding module is hinged to the two-stage sliding module and can be folded toward the tunnel roof. A third support portion is fixed on the top for providing three-stage support for the tunnel roof.

[0010] A fourth supporting portion is fixedly provided on the top of the anti-overturning module;

[0011] The bottom of the first-level top-connecting module is hingedly provided with a first supporting leg, and the bottom of the second-level sliding module is hingedly provided with a second supporting leg.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first-level top connection module includes:

[0013] The suspension frame is arranged horizontally and has a sliding groove at the front end for the movable insertion of the horizontal sliding section;

[0014] A first oil cylinder is movably hinged to the bottom of the suspension frame;

[0015] a first top plate, arranged above the suspension bracket;

[0016] a first connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder, and the other end of which is hinged to the first top plate;

[0017] A second connecting rod, both ends of which are hinged to the suspension bracket and the first top plate respectively;

[0018] The first supporting part is fixed on the first roof plate, and is driven by the first oil cylinder to drive the first supporting part to provide local support for the roof of the tunnel.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first-level top-connecting modules are arranged in multiple groups, and the second-level sliding modules are arranged with each first-level top-connecting module being alternated by one group.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anti-rollover module includes:

[0021] A base frame, arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the rear end of the suspension frame;

[0022] a second top plate, arranged horizontally above the base frame;

[0023] Two sets of rockers are spaced apart and arranged between the bottom frame and the second top plate, and two ends of the rockers are hinged to the bottom frame and the top plate respectively;

[0024] a second oil cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the chassis, and the other end of which is hinged to one of the rocker arms;

[0025] The fourth support part is fixed on the second top plate, and is driven by the second oil cylinder to drive the fourth support part to provide stable support for the top plate of the tunnel, thereby preventing the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the secondary sliding module includes: a horizontal sliding section that forms a sliding fit with the slide groove of the suspension frame, a horizontal support section located at the front end of the horizontal sliding section, a connecting section connecting the horizontal sliding section and the horizontal support section, and a first driving unit connected between the horizontal sliding section and the primary top connection module;

[0027] The height of the horizontal support section is higher than that of the horizontal sliding section, and the second support portion is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal support section.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the three-stage folding module includes: a folding body movably hinged to the front end of the horizontal support section, a second drive unit movably hinged to the bottom of the horizontal support section, and a third connecting rod with both ends hinged to the movable end of the second drive unit and the bottom of the folding body respectively;

[0029] The third supporting portion is fixed on the top of the folding body.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first support portion, the second support portion and the third support portion are all telescopic structures, and are provided with a flexible protective shell on the outside.

[0031] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fourth supporting portion is a rubber block, and the top thereof is an arc-shaped structure.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, the auxiliary monorail crane module is a manipulator, which is used to clamp the monorail crane to the top of the tunnel to assist in the manual laying of the monorail crane.

[0033] The present invention also discloses a method for suspended advance support, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Lay two monorail cranes in parallel and manually hang the advance support equipment on the two monorail cranes;

[0035] S2: The sliding mechanism on the monorail drives the entire advance support device to slide forward a certain distance. The first support leg is grounded, and the first-level top contact module is activated. The first oil cylinder moves to drive the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to jointly support the first support portion to partially contact the roadway roof, completing the first-level support.

[0036] S3, the anti-overturning module works, and the second oil cylinder moves to drive the rocker and the second top plate, so that the fourth support part contacts the roadway roof, thereby preventing the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward;

[0037] S4, the secondary sliding module is activated. The first driving unit drives the secondary sliding module to slide forward, the second support leg is grounded, and the second support portion is extended and retracted to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof.

[0038] S5, the three-stage folding module works, the second driving unit drives the folding body to fold toward the tunnel roof, and the third supporting portion extends and retracts, thereby completing the three-stage support of the tunnel roof;

[0039] S6, the advance support equipment is reset to the initial state, the monorail crane is lifted from the ground through the auxiliary monorail crane module, the monorail crane is manually extended, and the sliding mechanism on the monorail crane drives the advance support equipment to slide forward again for a distance to perform the first-level to third-level support, and so on.

[0040] As a further improvement of the present invention, the following steps are included: the steel belt and the anchor net are arranged in advance on the first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part, and after the support of the advance support equipment is completed, the steel belt and the anchor net are manually anchored.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) A suspended advance support, which is suspended on the top plate of the tunnel by anchor rod hooks, so as to utilize the top space of the tunnel for suspension and self-movement, and realize the parallel operation of excavation and support work. It has good adaptability to the tunnel environment, realizes three cycles of excavation and performs a full anchoring operation. Within the safe range of the tunnel boring machine, the staff can use the advance support equipment to support the steel belt and anchor net on the top plate to assist in anchoring, thereby improving the safety of the anchoring personnel, reducing the labor intensity of the staff, and improving the efficiency of tunnel excavation. It is of great value in reducing roof collapse accidents, achieving rapid excavation, and ensuring safe production in coal mines.

[0043] (2) Through the cooperation of the anti-rollover module, the first-level top connection module, the second-level sliding module and the third-level folding module, stable support for the tunnel roof is achieved. The first-level top module drives the first connecting rod through the first oil cylinder to drive the first top connection plate and the second connecting rod to move and approach the tunnel roof. The second-level sliding module slides toward the excavation end. The third-level folding module is driven to fold upward by the second driving unit. Through the sequential rise of the first support part, the second support part and the third support part, the flexible part on the top is pressurized to provide the first, second and third level support for the tunnel roof respectively; the anti-rollover module is composed of the base frame, the second top connection plate, two sets of rockers, the second oil cylinder and the fourth support part to support the rear end of the advance support equipment and the tunnel roof, so as to avoid the forearm of the advance support being too long and the overall center of gravity tilting forward.

[0044] (3) The two sets of rockers of the anti-rollover module are hingedly connected to the base frame and the second top plate. Driven by the second oil cylinder, it has higher flexibility. The fourth support part is a rubber block with an arc-shaped top structure, which enables the anti-rollover module to achieve stable contact with the tunnel top plate, ensuring the stability of the advance support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a main schematic diagram of an advance support in a suspended advance support and support method of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A top view schematic diagram of a suspended advance support and an advance support method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary upper monorail hanging module of the advance support in a suspended advance support and support method of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. Anti-rollover module; 2. First-level top connection module; 3. Second-level sliding module; 4. Third-level folding module; 5. Auxiliary monorail hanging module; 6. First supporting leg; 7. Second supporting leg; 11. Base frame; 12. Second top connection plate; 13. Rocker; 14. Second oil cylinder; 21. Suspension frame; 22. First oil cylinder; 23. First top connection plate; 24. First connecting rod; 25. Second connecting rod; 31. Horizontal sliding section; 32. Horizontal supporting section; 33. Connecting section; 41. Folding body; 42. Second driving unit; 43. Third connecting rod; 101. Fourth supporting part; 201. First supporting part; 301. Second supporting part; 401. Third supporting part; a. Anchor net; b. Steel belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in this field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A specific implementation of a suspended advance support of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Ginseng Figure 1 As shown, a suspended advance support comprises an anti-overturning module 1, a first-level top connection module 2, a second-level sliding module 3, a third-level folding module 4, and an auxiliary upper monorail hanging module 5 arranged at the bottom of the first-level top connection module 2, which are arranged in sequence inside the tunnel and along the excavation direction;

[0052] The first-level top connection module 2 is used to provide the first-level support for the tunnel roof. There are at least two groups of them, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the width direction of the tunnel. The first-level top connection module 2 is suspended on the monorail crane of the tunnel roof through an anchor hook, and a first support part 201 is fixed on the top. By laying two groups of monorail cranes, the center of gravity of the advance support can be kept stable during operation, avoiding eccentricity of the equipment during the movement of the second-level sliding module 3 and the third-level folding module 4. The first-level top connection module 2 specifically includes: a suspension frame 21, which is arranged horizontally and has a sliding groove at the front end for the horizontal sliding section 31 to be movably plugged in; a first oil cylinder 22, which is movably hinged to the bottom of the suspension frame 21; a first top connection plate 23, which is arranged above the suspension frame 21; a first connecting rod 24, one end of which is hinged to the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder 22, and the other end is hinged to the first top connection plate 23; a second connecting rod 25, both ends of which are hinged to the suspension frame 21 and the first top connection plate 23 respectively; a first support part 201 is fixed on the first top connection plate 23, and is driven by the first oil cylinder 22 to drive the first support part 201 to provide local support for the top plate of the tunnel.

[0053] The secondary sliding module 3 is used to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof. There is at least one group of them, which are arranged at the front end of any group of primary top connection modules 2 and are horizontally slidably connected to the primary top module. A second support part 301 is fixed to the top of the secondary sliding module 3; the secondary sliding module 3 specifically includes: a horizontal sliding section 31 that slides with the slide groove of the suspension frame 21, a horizontal support section 32 located at the front end of the horizontal sliding section 31, a connecting section 33 connecting the horizontal sliding section 31 and the horizontal support section 32, and a first drive unit connected between the horizontal sliding section 31 and the primary top connection module 2; the height of the horizontal support section 32 is higher than the horizontal sliding section 31, and the second support part 301 is fixed to the top of the horizontal support section 32.

[0054] The three-stage folding module 4 is hinged to the two-stage sliding module 3 and can fold toward the tunnel roof. A third support portion 401 is fixed to the top, providing tertiary support for the tunnel roof. The three-stage folding module 4 includes a folding body 41 movably hinged to the front end of the horizontal support section 32, a second drive unit 42 movably hinged to the bottom of the horizontal support section 32, and a third connecting rod 43 hinged at both ends to the movable end of the second drive unit 42 and the bottom of the folding body 41. The third support portion 401 is fixed to the top of the folding body 41. The first support portion 201, the second support portion 301, and the third support portion 401 are all telescopic structures, each with a flexible protective shell, specifically an inflatable airbag or a hydraulic or pneumatic telescopic column.

[0055] The anti-rollover module 1 includes: a base frame 11, arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the rear end of the suspension frame 21; a second top plate 12, arranged horizontally above the base frame 11; two sets of rocker arms 13, arranged at intervals between the base frame 11 and the second top plate 12, and hinged to the base frame 11 and the top plate at both ends; a second oil cylinder 14, one end hinged to the base frame 11, and the other end hinged to one of the sets of rocker arms 13; a fourth support portion 101 fixed to the second top plate 12, driven by the second oil cylinder 14, drives the fourth support portion 101 to provide stable support for the top plate of the tunnel, preventing the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward. The top of the anti-rollover module 1 is fixed with a fourth support portion 101; the fourth support portion 101 is a rubber block, and the top is an arc-shaped structure. The bottom of the first-level top connection module 2 is hinged with a first support leg 6, and the bottom of the second-level sliding module 3 is hinged with a second support leg 7. The first support part 201, the second support part 301, the third support part 401 and the fourth support part 101 are raised to realize multi-point support of the tunnel roof, and the first support leg 6 and the second support leg 7 are lowered to protect the stability of the entire advance support equipment.

[0056] There are multiple groups of primary top connection modules 2, and secondary sliding modules 3 are arranged every time a group of primary top connection modules 2 is separated, as shown in the attached document. Figure 2 As shown. Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary monorail crane module 5 is a manipulator used to clamp the monorail crane to the top of the tunnel and assist in manually laying the monorail crane. No further details will be given here.

[0057] The present invention also discloses a support method for suspended advance support. When the advance support equipment is applied to temporary support of a tunnel, it includes a primary support state, a secondary support state and a tertiary support state. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1, laying two monorail cranes in parallel, and manually hanging the advance support equipment on the two monorail cranes; S2, driving the advance support equipment as a whole to slide forward for a distance through the sliding mechanism on the monorail crane, the first support leg 6 is grounded, the primary top connection module 2 works, and the first oil cylinder 22 moves to drive the first connecting rod 24 and the second connecting rod 25 to jointly support the first support part 201 to partially contact the tunnel roof, thereby completing the primary support; S3, the anti-flip module 1 works, and the second oil cylinder 14 moves to drive the rocker 13 and the second top plate 12 to make the fourth The support part 101 contacts the tunnel roof to prevent the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward; S4, the secondary sliding module 3 works, and the secondary sliding module 3 is driven to slide forward by the first driving unit, the second support leg 7 is grounded, and the second support part 301 is retracted and provides secondary support for the tunnel roof; S5, the tertiary folding module 4 works, and the folding body 41 is driven to fold toward the tunnel roof by the second driving unit 42, and the third support part 401 is retracted to complete the tertiary support of the tunnel roof; S6, the advance support equipment is reset to the initial state, and the monorail crane is lifted from the ground by the auxiliary monorail crane module 5, and the laying of the monorail crane is manually extended. The sliding mechanism on the monorail crane drives the advance support equipment as a whole to slide forward again for a distance to perform first-level to third-level support, and so on.

[0058] The process also includes the following steps: pre-arranging the steel belt b and anchor net a on the first support section 201, the second support section 301, the third support section 401, and the fourth support section 101. After the advanced support equipment completes its support, manually anchoring the steel belt b and anchor net a to achieve three excavation cycle steps and complete a full anchoring operation. Within the safe confines of the roadheader, workers can use the advanced support equipment to prop the steel belt b and anchor net a onto the roof to assist in anchoring. This improves the safety of anchoring personnel, reduces worker workload, and increases roadway excavation efficiency. This is crucial for reducing roof collapse accidents, achieving rapid excavation, and ensuring safe coal mine production.

[0059] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A suspended advance support, characterized in that: It includes an anti-overturning module, a first-level top connection module, a second-level sliding module, a third-level folding module, and an auxiliary upper monorail hanging module arranged at the bottom of the first-level top connection module, which are arranged in sequence inside the tunnel along the excavation direction; The first-level top connection module is used to provide first-level support for the tunnel roof. There are at least two groups of them, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the width direction of the tunnel. The first-level top connection module is suspended on the monorail of the tunnel roof through anchor hooks, and a first support portion is fixed on the top; The secondary sliding modules are used to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof. At least one group is provided and is arranged at the front end of any group of the primary top connection modules and is horizontally slidably connected to the primary top connection modules. A second support portion is fixed on the top of the secondary sliding modules. The three-stage folding module is hinged to the two-stage sliding module and can be folded toward the tunnel roof. A third support portion is fixed on the top for providing three-stage support for the tunnel roof. A fourth supporting portion is fixedly provided on the top of the anti-overturning module; The bottom of the first-level top-connecting module is hingedly provided with a first supporting leg, and the bottom of the second-level sliding module is hingedly provided with a second supporting leg.

2. The suspended advance support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first-level top connection module includes: The suspension frame is arranged horizontally, and a slide groove is provided at the front end for the movable insertion of the horizontal sliding section; A first oil cylinder is movably hinged to the bottom of the suspension frame; a first top plate, arranged above the suspension bracket; a first connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder, and the other end of which is hinged to the first top plate; A second connecting rod, both ends of which are hinged to the suspension bracket and the first top plate respectively; The first supporting part is fixed on the first roof plate, and is driven by the first oil cylinder to drive the first supporting part to provide local support for the roof of the tunnel.

3. The suspended advance support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first-level top-connecting modules are arranged in multiple groups, and the second-level sliding modules are arranged every other group of the first-level top-connecting modules.

4. The suspended advance support according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anti-flip module includes: A base frame, arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the rear end of the suspension frame; a second top plate, arranged horizontally above the base frame; Two sets of rockers are spaced apart and arranged between the bottom frame and the second top plate, and two ends of the rockers are hinged to the bottom frame and the top plate respectively; a second oil cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the chassis, and the other end of which is hinged to one of the rocker arms; The fourth support part is fixed on the second top plate, and is driven by the second oil cylinder to drive the fourth support part to provide stable support for the top plate of the tunnel, thereby preventing the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward.

5. The suspended advance support according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The secondary sliding module includes: a horizontal sliding section that forms a sliding fit with the sliding groove of the suspension frame, a horizontal supporting section located at the front end of the horizontal sliding section, a connecting section connecting the horizontal sliding section and the horizontal supporting section, and a first driving unit connected between the horizontal sliding section and the primary top connection module; The height of the horizontal support section is higher than that of the horizontal sliding section, and the second support portion is fixedly arranged on the top of the horizontal support section.

6. The suspended advance support according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The three-stage folding module includes: a folding body movably hinged to the front end of the horizontal support section, a second driving unit movably hinged to the bottom of the horizontal support section, and a third connecting rod with both ends hinged to the movable end of the second driving unit and the bottom of the folding body respectively; The third supporting portion is fixed on the top of the folding body.

7. The suspended advance support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first support portion, the second support portion, and the third support portion are all telescopic structures, and are provided with a flexible protective shell on the outside.

8. The suspended advance support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fourth supporting portion is a rubber block, and the top thereof is an arc-shaped structure.

9. A method for suspended advance support, based on the method of suspended advance support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Lay two monorail cranes in parallel and manually hang the advance support equipment on the two monorail cranes; S2: The sliding mechanism on the monorail drives the entire advance support device to slide forward a certain distance. The first support leg is grounded, and the first-level top contact module is activated. The first oil cylinder moves to drive the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to jointly support the first support portion to partially contact the roadway roof, completing the first-level support. S3, the anti-overturning module works, and the second oil cylinder moves to drive the rocker and the second top plate, so that the fourth support part contacts the roadway roof, thereby preventing the overall center of gravity of the advance support equipment from tilting forward; S4, the secondary sliding module is activated. The first driving unit drives the secondary sliding module to slide forward, the second support leg is grounded, and the second support portion is extended and retracted to provide secondary support for the tunnel roof. S5, the three-stage folding module works, the second driving unit drives the folding body to fold toward the tunnel roof, and the third supporting portion extends and retracts, thereby completing the three-stage support of the tunnel roof; S6, the advance support equipment is reset to the initial state, the monorail crane is lifted from the ground through the auxiliary monorail crane module, the monorail crane is manually extended, and the sliding mechanism on the monorail crane drives the advance support equipment to slide forward again for a distance to perform the first-level to third-level support, and so on.

10. A method for suspended advance support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: arranging the steel belt and the anchor net on the first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part in advance; and manually anchoring the steel belt and the anchor net after the support of the advance support equipment is completed.

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