A bridge toughness enhancement combined vibration damping and limiting device

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined vibration damping and limiting device for enhancing bridge resilience, comprising a velocity damper and an elastic cable limiting device connected in parallel. The elastic cable limiting device includes a compensation element and an elastic cable, which are connected in series. The compensation element can offset the influence of secondary internal forces caused by temperature. This device uses the elastic cable limiting device to replace the velocity damper, sharing most of the high-frequency reciprocating vibration load, reducing wear on the velocity damper, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, under occasional seismic loads, the elastic cable can work with the velocity damper to provide vibration damping and limiting, compensating for the difficulty in restoring the bridge structure after displacement of a single velocity damper, thus improving the seismic resilience of the bridge structure. The elastic cable connected in series with the temperature compensation element adapts to the low-frequency reciprocating temperature deformation requirements during structural use, eliminating the adverse effects of secondary internal forces caused by temperature, and improving the robustness of the bridge during normal operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering, and in particular to a combined shock-absorbing and limiting device for improving bridge resilience. Background Technology

[0002] Current structural seismic design has shifted from life-saving seismic mitigation to post-earthquake structural functional recovery and rapid repair, placing demands on the seismic resilience of bridges. Commonly used damping and limiting devices for bridges fall into two main categories: velocity dampers and displacement dampers. However, neither can fully meet the requirements of resilience-based bridge seismic design. For example, a typical representative of velocity dampers is the viscous damper, whose damping force varies with velocity. This allows for adjustment of the damping effect based on the bridge's vibration frequency and amplitude, effectively reducing the bridge's vibration response under seismic loads and improving its seismic performance. It is also unaffected by temperature deformation. However, due to its lack of self-resetting capability, it exhibits large residual displacement after an earthquake, making structural recovery difficult and reducing the bridge's resilience. On the other hand, a typical representative of displacement dampers is the steel damper, whose damping force increases with displacement. After entering the plastic stage, the damper exhibits strong hysteretic energy dissipation capacity and good damping and limiting effect. However, it generates secondary internal forces due to temperature, affecting the normal use of the structure. Furthermore, the device will generate irreversible residual deformation in the plastic stage, impacting the structure's resilience.

[0003] On the other hand, when the bridge span is greater than or equal to 200 meters, the long-span bridge has relatively low stiffness and may experience significant vibrations due to vehicle and wind loads during daily use. Moreover, such loads are frequent. Although the output of the damper is not large, the frequency of reciprocating motion is very high. The damper can easily exceed the allowable working limit before an earthquake, causing oil leakage or fatigue problems. If it is not replaced or repaired in time, it will seriously affect the toughness performance of the bridge and reduce the stability of the bridge's normal operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art where only dampers are used as bridge shock absorption elements, such as low post-earthquake recovery capacity, large influence of temperature deformation, and easy occurrence of "oil leakage" or "fatigue" under high-frequency reciprocating loads, which affect the toughness performance of bridges. The invention provides a bridge toughness enhancement combined shock absorption limiting device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device includes a velocity damper and an elastic cable limiting device, wherein the velocity damper and the elastic cable limiting device are connected in parallel, and the elastic cable limiting device includes a compensation element and an elastic cable, wherein the compensation element and the elastic cable are connected in series, and the compensation element can counteract the influence of temperature-induced internal forces.

[0007] The bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device provided by this invention connects an elastic cable limiting device and a velocity damper in parallel. The elastic cable limiting device replaces the velocity damper, sharing most of the high-frequency reciprocating vibration load, reducing wear on the velocity damper, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, under occasional seismic loads, the elastic cable and the velocity damper can work together to provide damping and limiting, compensating for the difficulty in restoring the velocity damper after displacement, thus improving the seismic resilience of the bridge structure. Specifically, the elastic cable limiting device is configured as a compensating element and an elastic cable connected in series. Temperature effects are low-frequency cyclic loads. While velocity dampers inherently possess adaptive temperature deformation characteristics, the addition of elastic cables causes deformation under external forces, potentially leading to secondary temperature-induced internal forces. These forces can negatively impact the normal operation of the structure and must be controlled within limited limits, or even completely released from elastic constraints. Therefore, this invention utilizes a compensation element connected in series with the elastic cables to counteract the secondary temperature-induced internal forces generated by the cables. This adapts to the low-frequency cyclic temperature deformation requirements during structural use, eliminates the adverse effects of these forces, and enhances the robustness of bridge operation. This device fully leverages the high energy consumption of velocity dampers and the self-resetting characteristics of elastic cables to achieve low seismic damage and rapid recovery of the bridge structure. Simultaneously, it avoids issues such as oil leakage or fatigue under high-frequency cyclic loads that can affect bridge toughness, effectively improving the bridge's seismic resilience.

[0008] Optionally, the compensation element is a temperature compensation element, which includes a shape memory alloy plate and a stop. The shape memory alloy plate can be affected by temperature to change from a bent state to an extended state or from an extended state to a bent state. One end of the elastic cable is an anchor plate, and the other end of the elastic cable passes through the shape memory alloy plate and the stop. One side of the shape memory alloy plate abuts against the anchor plate, and the other side of the shape memory alloy plate abuts against the stop.

[0009] A preferred temperature compensation element is composed of a shape memory alloy plate and stop components, thereby counteracting the secondary internal forces generated by the elastic cable. Based on temperature changes, the shape memory alloy plate's ability to transition from a bent state to an extended state or vice versa releases the amount of temperature deformation. Simultaneously, the stop components ensure that the position of the elastic cable on the shape memory alloy plate remains unchanged, thus guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the device. This design effectively counteracts the effects of secondary internal forces caused by temperature, improving the device's service life and performance.

[0010] Optionally, the temperature compensation element may be at least two.

[0011] When the deformation of a single temperature compensation element is insufficient to release the temperature deformation, at least two temperature compensation elements can be used in combination until the deformation of the temperature compensation element is sufficient to release the temperature deformation, so that this shock absorption device can adapt to more application scenarios.

[0012] Optionally, the shape memory alloy plate is a cooled shape memory alloy plate, which can deform from an initial bent state to an extended state under cooling.

[0013] The shape memory alloy plate is preferably a cooled shape memory alloy plate. In this case, the damping device can be installed on the side of the bridge tower and main beam close to the central axis of the bridge. If the bridge is affected by cooling, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam will shrink towards the middle of the main beam. At this time, the elastic cable of the device is under tension. By utilizing the characteristic that the cooled shape memory alloy plate can deform from the initial bending state to the extended state under the action of cooling, the deformation caused by cooling is released.

[0014] Optionally, the shape memory alloy plate is a heated shape memory alloy plate, which can deform from an initial stretched state to a bent state under heating.

[0015] The shape memory alloy plate is preferably a heated shape memory alloy plate. In this case, the damping device can be installed on the side of the bridge tower and the main beam near the end of the main beam. If the bridge is affected by the temperature rise, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam will expand towards both ends of the main beam. At this time, the elastic cable of the device is under tension. By utilizing the characteristic that the heated shape memory alloy plate can deform from the initial stretched state to the bent state under the action of heating, the amount of deformation caused by heating is released.

[0016] Optionally, the elastic cable is made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0017] Carbon fiber cables are preferred for elastic bridge cables. Firstly, carbon fiber composites are lightweight, high-strength, highly durable, and possess excellent fatigue resistance, making them ideal for overcoming the problems of oil leakage and low durability in velocity dampers. Secondly, carbon fiber cables exhibit large elastic strain; within their design load-bearing capacity, the cables remain in an elastic state, providing the structural system with elastic self-correcting capabilities, reducing residual displacement after an earthquake, and lowering the difficulty of post-earthquake structural recovery. These two characteristics effectively improve the bridge's toughness performance, particularly its vibration control during normal use and its ability to recover structural function under strong earthquakes.

[0018] Optionally, the compensation element is a mechanical compensation element, which includes a rotating wheel, a clamping wheel, and a fixed wheel. The elastic cable is connected to the rotating wheel and drives the rotating wheel to rotate. The fixed wheel has internal teeth, and the clamping wheel has external teeth. The external teeth can lock with the internal teeth to restrict the relative movement between the clamping wheel and the fixed wheel. The rotating wheel has a notch, and the clamping wheel has an inner protrusion that can be inserted into the notch. The rotating wheel drives the clamping wheel to rotate through the inner protrusion. The clamping wheel is configured such that when the rotating wheel rotates slowly, the inner protrusion bends and inserts into the notch, and the external teeth separate from the internal teeth. When the rotating wheel rotates rapidly, the inner protrusion and the notch are in a semi-engaged state, and the external teeth engage with the internal teeth.

[0019] Under low-frequency loads, such as temperature loads, the elastic cable drives the rotating wheel to rotate slowly. Since the clamping wheel is inserted into the notch of the rotating wheel through its inner protrusion, the rotating wheel also drives the clamping wheel to rotate slowly. At this time, the outer teeth of the clamping wheel separate from the inner teeth of the fixed wheel, ensuring the structure remains relaxed and fully releasing temperature deformation. Under high-frequency loads, such as vehicle or wind loads, the elastic cable drives the rotating wheel to rotate rapidly. Since the clamping wheel is inserted into the notch of the rotating wheel through its inner protrusion, the rotating wheel also drives the clamping wheel to rotate rapidly. Due to centrifugal force, the inner protrusion and the notch are in a semi-engaged state. At this time, the outer teeth and inner teeth mesh, restricting the relative movement of the clamping wheel and the fixed wheel, thereby restricting the rotation of the rotating wheel and limiting the elastic cable.

[0020] Optionally, the design displacement of the elastic cable is greater than the design displacement of the velocity damper.

[0021] Setting the design displacement of the elastic cable to be greater than that of the velocity damper ensures that the elastic cable does not fail before the velocity damper, and guarantees that the device can automatically reset using the elasticity of the elastic cable after an earthquake.

[0022] Optionally, the velocity damper is a viscous damper.

[0023] The preferred velocity damper is the viscous velocity damper. By utilizing the characteristic that the damping force of the viscous velocity damper changes with velocity, the damping effect can be adjusted according to the vibration frequency and amplitude of the bridge, thereby achieving a better vibration reduction effect.

[0024] A bridge, including a bridge tower and a main beam, uses the aforementioned bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device, wherein the bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device is disposed between the bridge tower and the main beam.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device provided by this invention connects an elastic cable limiting device and a velocity damper in parallel. The elastic cable limiting device replaces the velocity damper, sharing most of the high-frequency reciprocating vibration load, reducing wear on the velocity damper, and extending its service life. Simultaneously, under occasional seismic loads, the elastic cable can work together with the velocity damper to provide damping and limiting, compensating for the difficulty in repositioning a single velocity damper after displacement, thus improving the seismic resilience of the bridge structure. Specifically, the elastic cable limiting device is configured as a compensating element and an elastic cable connected in series. Temperature effects are low-frequency cyclic loads. While velocity dampers inherently possess adaptive temperature deformation characteristics, the addition of elastic cables causes deformation under external forces, potentially leading to secondary temperature-induced internal forces. These forces can negatively impact the normal operation of the structure and must be controlled within limited limits, or even completely released from elastic constraints. Therefore, this invention utilizes a compensation element connected in series with the elastic cables to counteract the secondary temperature-induced internal forces generated by the cables. This adapts to the low-frequency cyclic temperature deformation requirements during structural use, eliminates the adverse effects of these forces, and enhances the robustness of bridge operation. This device fully leverages the high energy consumption of velocity dampers and the self-resetting characteristics of elastic cables to achieve low seismic damage and rapid recovery of the bridge structure. Simultaneously, it avoids issues such as oil leakage or fatigue under high-frequency cyclic loads that can affect bridge toughness, effectively improving the bridge's seismic resilience.

[0027] 2. A temperature compensation element is preferably composed of a shape memory alloy plate and a stop component to counteract the secondary internal force caused by temperature in the elastic cable. Preferably, the shape memory alloy plate is a cooling shape memory alloy plate. In this case, the damping device can be installed on the side of the bridge tower and main beam near the bridge's central axis. If the bridge is affected by cooling, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam will contract towards the center of the main beam. At this time, the elastic cable of the device is under tension. Utilizing the characteristic that the cooling shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial bent state to its extended state under cooling, the deformation caused by cooling is released. Alternatively, the shape memory alloy plate can be a heating shape memory alloy plate. In this case, the damping device can be installed on the side of the bridge tower and main beam near the end of the main beam. If the bridge is affected by heating, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam will expand towards both ends of the main beam. At this time, the elastic cable of the device is under tension. Utilizing the characteristic that the heating shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial extended state to its bent state under heating, the deformation caused by heating is released. Meanwhile, the stop mechanism ensures that the position of the elastic cable on the shape memory alloy plate does not change, thus guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the device. This design can effectively counteract the effects of temperature-induced internal forces, improving the service life and performance of the device.

[0028] 3. Carbon fiber cables are preferred for elastic tensioning. On one hand, carbon fiber composites are lightweight, high-strength, highly durable, and possess excellent fatigue resistance, making them ideal for overcoming the problems of oil leakage and low durability in velocity dampers. On the other hand, carbon fiber cables exhibit large elastic strain; within their design load-bearing capacity, the cables remain in an elastic state, providing the structural system with elastic self-correcting capabilities and reducing the difficulty of post-earthquake structural recovery. These two characteristics effectively improve the toughness performance of long-span bridges, particularly their vibration control during normal use and their ability to recover structural function under strong earthquakes.

[0029] 4. The compensation element is set as a mechanical compensation element. Under low-frequency load, such as temperature load, the elastic cable drives the rotating wheel to rotate slowly. Since the clamping wheel is inserted into the notch of the rotating wheel through the inner protrusion, the rotating wheel also drives the clamping wheel to rotate slowly. At this time, the outer teeth of the clamping wheel are separated from the inner teeth of the fixed wheel, which can ensure that the structure is in a relaxed state and fully release temperature deformation. When high-frequency load, such as vehicle or wind load, the elastic cable drives the rotating wheel to rotate rapidly. Since the clamping wheel is inserted into the notch of the rotating wheel through the inner protrusion, the rotating wheel also drives the clamping wheel to rotate rapidly. Under the influence of centrifugal force, the inner protrusion and the notch are in a semi-engaged state. At this time, the outer teeth and the inner teeth are engaged, restricting the relative movement of the clamping wheel and the fixed wheel, thereby restricting the rotation of the rotating wheel and playing the role of limiting the elastic cable. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a combined vibration damping and limiting device for improving bridge resilience;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an initial state diagram of the temperature compensation element when using a cooled shape memory alloy plate.

[0032] Figure 3 A diagram showing the cooling state of a temperature compensation element when using a cooled shape memory alloy plate;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an initial state diagram of the temperature compensation element when using a heated shape memory alloy plate.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the temperature rise of a temperature compensation element when using a heated shape memory alloy plate.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical compensation element structure;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a rotating wheel structure;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping wheel structure;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed wheel structure;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a bridge structure equipped with a bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device.

[0040] Reference numerals: 1-velocity damper, 21-compensating element, 211-shape memory alloy plate, 212-stop, 213-rotating wheel, 2131-notch, 214-tightening wheel, 2141-external tooth, 2142-inner protrusion, 215-fixed wheel, 2151-internal tooth, 22-elastic cable, 221-anchor plate, 3-bridge tower, 4-main beam. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this invention provides a bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device, including a velocity damper 1 and an elastic cable limiting device, which are connected in parallel. The elastic cable limiting device shares most of the normal operating load of the velocity damper 1, thereby increasing its service life. Specifically, the elastic cable limiting device is configured as a compensating element 21 and an elastic cable 22 connected in series. The compensating element 21 is used to counteract the secondary internal force caused by temperature generated by the elastic cable 22, and the elastic cable 22 is used to bear the horizontal load transmission between the main beam 4 and the bridge tower 3 under high-frequency loads.

[0044] In this embodiment, the elastic cable 22 is a carbon fiber cable, and the compensation element 21 is a temperature compensation element.

[0045] The preferred elastic cable 22 is made of carbon fiber composite material. On one hand, carbon fiber composite material is lightweight, high-strength, highly durable, and possesses excellent fatigue resistance, making it an ideal material for overcoming the problems of oil leakage and low durability inherent in viscous dampers. On the other hand, cables made of carbon fiber composite material exhibit large elastic strain characteristics. Within its design load-bearing capacity, the carbon fiber cable remains in an elastic state, providing the structural system with elastic self-resetting capability and reducing the difficulty of post-earthquake structural recovery. These two characteristics effectively improve the toughness performance of long-span bridges, particularly their vibration control during normal use and their ability to recover structural function under strong earthquakes.

[0046] In this embodiment, the temperature compensation element includes a shape memory alloy plate 211 and a stop member 212. For example... Figure 2 ,3 As shown, when the shape memory alloy plate 211 is a cooled shape memory alloy plate, the cooled shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial bent state to its stretched state under the action of cooling. Specifically, from Figure 2 As can be seen, in the initial state, the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 is in a bent state. Both ends of the bent cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 abut against the stop member 212. The elastic cable 22 passes through the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 and the stop member 212. One end of the elastic cable 22 is provided with an anchor plate 221, which abuts against the protruding side of the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211, clamping the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 onto the stop member 212. Figure 3 As shown, when subjected to cooling, the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 deforms from the initial bent state to the stretched state, releasing the temperature deformation amount d. At this time, the cooling shape memory alloy plate 211 is clamped between the anchor plate 221 and the stop member 212.

[0047] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, when the shape memory alloy plate 211 is a heated shape memory alloy plate, the heated shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial stretched state to a bent state under the action of heating. Specifically, from Figure 4 As can be seen, in the initial state, the heated shape memory alloy plate 211 is in an extended state. The extended heated shape memory alloy plate 211 abuts against the upper and lower ends of the concave portion of the arc-shaped stop 212. The elastic cable 22 passes through the heated shape memory alloy plate 211 and the stop 212. One end of the elastic cable 22 is provided with an anchor plate 221, which abuts against one side of the heated shape memory alloy plate 211, clamping the heated shape memory alloy plate 211 onto the stop 212. Figure 5 As shown, when subjected to heating, the heated shape memory alloy plate 211 deforms from the initial stretched state to the bent state. The bent heated shape memory alloy plate 211 fits into the concave part of the stop member 212, releasing the temperature deformation amount d. At this time, the heated shape memory alloy plate 211 is clamped between the anchor plate 221 and the stop member 212.

[0048] When using, such as Figure 10 As shown, since the elastic cable 22 is under tension and not compression, when it is necessary to install this damping device on the side close to the bridge centerline between the bridge tower 3 and the main beam 4, that is, on... Figure 10In section AB, the shape memory alloy plate 211 is preferably a cooled shape memory alloy plate. If the bridge is affected by cooling, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam 4 will contract towards the center. At this time, the elastic cable 22 of this device is under tension. Utilizing the characteristic that the cooled shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial bent state to its extended state under cooling, the deformation d caused by cooling is released. When this damping device needs to be installed between the bridge tower 3 and the main beam 4 on the side near the end of the main beam 4, i.e. Figure 10 In the AC section, the shape memory alloy plate 211 is preferably a heated shape memory alloy plate. If the bridge is affected by heating, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the main beam 4 will expand towards both ends. At this time, the elastic cable 22 of this device is under tension. Utilizing the characteristic that the heated shape memory alloy plate can deform from its initial stretched state to a bent state under heating, the deformation d caused by heating is released. Generally, the shape memory alloy plate 211 is made of a two-way memory alloy material.

[0049] In this embodiment, the velocity damper 1 is a viscous damper. Utilizing the characteristic that the damping force of a viscous damper changes with velocity, the damping effect can be adjusted according to the bridge's vibration frequency and amplitude, thereby achieving better vibration reduction and noise reduction. The design displacement of the elastic cable 22 is greater than the design displacement of the velocity damper 1. This arrangement ensures that the elastic cable 22 does not fail before the velocity damper 1, guaranteeing that the device can automatically reset using the elasticity of the elastic cable 22 after an earthquake.

[0050] When the deformation of a single temperature compensation element is insufficient to release the temperature deformation, at least two temperature compensation elements can be used in combination until the deformation of the temperature compensation element is sufficient to release the temperature deformation, so that this shock absorption device can adapt to more application scenarios.

[0051] For ease of understanding, the fatigue life L of velocity damper 1 is generally related to the magnitude of its high-frequency repetitive load, displacement, and load frequency f. Assume the stiffness of the elastic cable 22 is K1, and the stiffness of velocity damper 1 is K2, where K2 is related to the relative velocity between the tower and the beam. When the structure is subjected to a high-frequency load F... 高频 When the displacement of velocity damper 1 decreases, Δu = F 高频 *K1 / (K2*(K1+K2)), the reduction in applied load ΔF 高频 =K2 / (K1+K2). The improvement in fatigue life of velocity damper 1 can then be estimated based on this.

[0052] On the other hand, to control excessive deformation of the damping device and ensure automatic recovery after an earthquake, this device needs to provide not only damping force but also a certain self-resetting capability. Typically, when the horizontal displacement of the bridge's resilience-enhancing combined damping limiting device increases from 50% of the design displacement to the design displacement, the increase in its restoring force should not be less than 2.5% of the weight of the superstructure it supports. Simultaneously, to ensure that the elastic cable 22 does not fail before the velocity damper 1, its design displacement should not be less than the design displacement of the velocity damper 1. In summary, based on the above two points, key parameters such as the length and cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic cable 22 can be designed.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Unlike Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the compensation element 21 is a mechanical compensation element, such as... Figure 6-9 As shown, the mechanical compensation element includes a rotating wheel 213, a clamping wheel 214, and a fixed wheel 215. The clamping wheel 214 is sleeved outside the rotating wheel 213, and the fixed wheel 215 is sleeved outside the clamping wheel 214.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the rotating wheel 213 is a ring shape with a notch 2131. The elastic cable 22 is connected to the rotating wheel 213 and can drive the rotating wheel 213 to rotate around its axis.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, the clamping wheel 214 is an irregularly shaped ring. An inwardly protruding inner convex portion 2142 is provided inside the clamping wheel 214. The shape and size of the inner convex portion 2142 match the notch 2131. The inner convex portion 2142 can be inserted into the notch 2131 and rotates together with it under the drive of the rotating wheel 213. External teeth 2141 are also provided on the outer surface of the clamping wheel 214.

[0057] like Figure 9As shown, the fixed wheel 215 is annular in shape, and has several internal teeth 2151 inside. When the internal teeth 2151 contact the external teeth 2141, they can mesh and lock together, restricting the relative movement of the clamping wheel 214 and the fixed wheel 215. Under low-frequency loads, such as temperature loads, the elastic cable 22 drives the rotating wheel 213 to rotate slowly. Since the clamping wheel 214 is inserted into the notch 2131 of the rotating wheel 213 through the inner protrusion 2142, the rotating wheel 213 also drives the clamping wheel 214 to rotate slowly. At this time, the external teeth 2141 of the clamping wheel 214 separate from the internal teeth 2151 of the fixed wheel 215, ensuring that the structure is in a relaxed state and completely releasing temperature deformation. Under high-frequency loads, such as vehicle or wind loads, the elastic cable 22 drives the rotating wheel 213 to rotate rapidly. Since the clamping wheel 214 is inserted into the notch 2131 of the rotating wheel 213 through the inner protrusion 2142, the rotating wheel 214 also drives the clamping wheel 214 to rotate slowly. Part 2142 is inserted into the notch of rotating wheel 213, meaning that clamping wheel 214 and rotating wheel 213 are separable. At this time, rotating wheel 213 also drives clamping wheel 214 to rotate rapidly. Under the action of centrifugal force, inner protrusion 2142 is thrown out from notch 2131. At this time, outer teeth 2141 and inner teeth 2151 mesh, restricting the relative movement of clamping wheel 214 and fixed wheel 215. Since inner protrusion 2142 is not completely thrown out, inner protrusion 2142 and notch 2131 are in a semi-engaged state, thereby restricting the rotation of rotating wheel 213 and playing a role in limiting the elastic cable 22.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] like Figure 10 As shown, the present invention also provides a bridge, including a bridge tower 3, a main beam 4, and a bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device as described in Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the elastic limiting combined damping device is disposed between the bridge tower 3 and the main beam 4.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device, characterized in that, It includes a velocity damper (1) and an elastic cable limiting device, wherein the velocity damper (1) and the elastic cable limiting device are connected in parallel, and the elastic cable limiting device includes a compensation element (21) and an elastic cable (22), wherein the compensation element (21) and the elastic cable (22) are connected in series, and the compensation element (21) can counteract the influence of temperature-induced internal forces.

2. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation element (21) is a temperature compensation element, which includes a shape memory alloy plate (211) and a stop (212). The shape memory alloy plate (211) can be affected by temperature to change from a bent state to an extended state or from an extended state to a bent state. One end of the elastic cable (22) is an anchor plate (221), and the other end of the elastic cable (22) passes through the shape memory alloy plate (211) and the stop (212). One side of the shape memory alloy plate (211) abuts against the anchor plate (221), and the other side of the shape memory alloy plate (211) abuts against the stop (212).

3. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature compensation element is at least two.

4. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy plate (211) is a cooled shape memory alloy plate, which can be deformed from an initial bent state to an extended state under the action of cooling.

5. A bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy plate (211) is a heated shape memory alloy plate, which can be deformed from an initial stretched state to a bent state under the action of heating.

6. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic cable (22) is made of carbon fiber composite material.

7. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation element (21) is a mechanical compensation element, which includes a rotating wheel (213), a clamping wheel (214), and a fixed wheel (215). The elastic cable (22) is connected to the rotating wheel (213) and drives the rotating wheel (213) to rotate. The fixed wheel (215) is provided with internal teeth (2151), and the clamping wheel (214) is provided with external teeth (2141). The external teeth (2141) can lock with the internal teeth (2151) to restrict the relative movement between the clamping wheel (214) and the fixed wheel (215). The rotating wheel (213) is provided with a notch (2131), and the clamping wheel (214) is provided with a notch (2131). An inner protrusion (2142) is provided, which can be inserted into the notch (2131). The rotating wheel (213) drives the clamping wheel (214) to rotate through the inner protrusion (2142). The clamping wheel (214) is configured such that when the rotating wheel (213) rotates slowly, the inner protrusion (2142) bends and inserts into the notch (2131), and the outer teeth (2141) separate from the inner teeth (2151). When the rotating wheel (213) rotates rapidly, the inner protrusion (2142) and the notch (2131) are in a semi-engaged state, and the outer teeth (2141) and the inner teeth (2151) mesh.

8. The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design displacement of the elastic cable (22) is greater than the design displacement of the velocity damper (1).

9. A bridge resilience enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The velocity damper (1) is a viscous damper.

10. A bridge, comprising bridge towers (3) and main beams (4), characterized in that, The bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device according to any one of claims 1-9 is used, wherein the bridge toughness enhancement combined damping and limiting device is disposed between the bridge tower (3) and the main beam (4).

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