A structure high-speed water-entry impact test device based on spring acceleration

Abstract

The application relates to a spring-acceleration-based high-speed water-impact test device for a structure, which comprises a tower, a lifting device, a spring-acceleration module, a guide rail, an electromagnetic chuck, a counterweight plate and an angle adjusting device; the bottom end of the tower is fixed in a test pool, the lifting device is installed above the top plate of the tower, the spring-acceleration module is installed below the top plate of the tower, the upper end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with the top plate of the tower, and the lower end is fixed in the test pool; the upper end of the electromagnetic chuck is connected with the lifting device through a first traction rope, and the lower end can be connected with or disconnected from the counterweight plate; the counterweight plate is slidingly installed on the guide rail and can freely move below the spring-acceleration module under the driving of the lifting device; and the lower end of the counterweight plate is installed with a test model through the angle adjusting device. The elastic potential energy of the spring is used to pre-accelerate the structure, then the gravity is used to accelerate again, and finally the requirement of high-speed water-impact of the structure is realized; meanwhile, the water-impact angle of the test model can be changed at any time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of structural water impact testing, and in particular to a structural high-speed water impact testing device based on spring acceleration. Background Art

[0002] When a ship is sailing at high speed in adverse sea conditions, the bow structure of the hull is inevitably subject to high-speed water impact. However, the violent impact can even cause local damage to the hull structure, posing a serious threat to the safety of personnel and property. In recent years, seaplanes have been continuously used to perform important tasks such as maritime patrols, rescue, and forest fire fighting. For example, the "Kunlong-600" is a large-scale amphibious aircraft independently designed and developed by China for firefighting and water rescue. However, the design difficulties of seaplanes include how to ensure the aircraft's safe landing and takeoff on water, which also involves the problem of high-speed structural water impact. In addition, the high-speed water impact of projectiles or reentry capsules has attracted widespread attention from many scholars. In response to the above-mentioned high-speed water impact problems, current experimental methods remain the main research method for analyzing structural water impact loads and structural dynamic response behavior.

[0003] To ensure the reliability and stability of the results of structural water impact tests and to protect related equipment, most existing test devices are installed inside laboratories. To achieve a certain water impact velocity for the test model, current testing methods typically lift the structure to a certain height above the water surface and then rely on gravity to accelerate the structure. However, for high-speed water impact conditions, this method requires a larger initial water impact height. For example, to achieve a water impact velocity of 10 m / s, a water impact height of 5.1 meters is required without considering friction. This is obviously difficult to achieve inside a laboratory, and the higher the device, the worse the safety. In addition to the structural water impact velocity, the structural water impact angle is often also an important research factor. Changes in the impact angle have a significant impact on the structural load and response behavior. Currently, existing structural water impact test devices cannot simultaneously meet the two test requirements of high-speed structural water impact and adjustable impact angle. Therefore, a test device that can meet the above conditions is needed to lay the experimental foundation for studying the problem of high-speed structural water impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the above-mentioned existing structure water entry impact test device cannot simultaneously meet the two test requirements of high-speed structure water entry and adjustable impact angle. A structure high-speed water entry impact test device based on spring acceleration is provided. The device can achieve the requirements of high-speed structure water entry impact and different water entry impact angle requirements.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0006] A high-speed water impact test device for a structure based on spring acceleration, comprising a tower, a lifting device, a spring acceleration module, a guide rail, an electromagnetic suction cup, a counterweight plate and an angle adjustment device; the bottom end of the tower is fixed in a test water pool, the lifting device is installed above the top plate of the tower, the spring acceleration module is installed below the top plate of the tower, the upper end of the guide rail is fixedly connected to the top plate of the tower, and the lower end is fixed in the test water pool; the upper end of the electromagnetic suction cup is connected to the lifting device through a first traction rope, and the lower end can be connected to or disconnected from the counterweight plate; the counterweight plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail and can move freely along the guide rail below the spring acceleration module under the drive of the lifting device, and the lower end of the counterweight plate is installed with a test model through the angle adjustment device; the spring acceleration module comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a strong The cam is fixedly mounted on a bottom plate of the frame, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate. The upper end of the connecting rod passes through the upper cover plate and the top plate of the tower in sequence and then the limit member is arranged. The strong spring is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the angle adjustment device includes an adjusting rod, a rotating shaft, a rotating base, a locking cap and a fastener. The upper end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the counterweight plate, the lower end of the adjusting rod is grooved and a rotating shaft hole is processed, and the rotating shaft is installed in the rotating shaft hole. The rotating base includes a bottom plate and an adjusting plate, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the test model. The adjusting plate is arranged by passing through the rotating shaft and is located in the slot at the lower end of the adjusting rod. The adjusting plate can rotate around the rotating shaft to adjust the water entry angle of the test model, and the angle is fixed by cooperating with the locking cap and the fastener.

[0007] In the above solution, through holes for the first traction rope to pass through are opened in the middle of the top plate, upper cover plate and lower cover plate of the tower, and the size of the through holes is larger than the size of the electromagnetic suction cup.

[0008] In the above solution, spring grooves are correspondingly provided on the lower surface of the upper cover plate and the upper surface of the lower cover plate, and the strong springs are installed in the spring grooves.

[0009] In the above solution, the connecting rod is arranged to pass through the strong spring; the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the spring slot of the lower cover plate, and the upper end of the connecting rod passes through the spring slot of the upper cover plate.

[0010] In the above scheme, the first rack is processed on both sides of the adjusting plate; the locking cap is installed on both sides of the adjusting plate, and the locking cap includes a rack plate and a second sleeve. The second rack is processed on the side of the rack plate close to the adjusting plate, and the second rack can engage with the first rack to fix the rotation angle of the rotating base. The second sleeve is installed on the side of the rack plate away from the adjusting plate and passes through the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod. The shaft is passed through the second sleeve; the fastener is installed on the outside of the adjusting rod for adjusting the engagement state of the first rack and the second rack.

[0011] In the above solution, the surface of the second sleeve is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth, and the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the limiting teeth. The limiting teeth are installed in the limiting groove so that the second sleeve can only move along the axial direction of the shaft.

[0012] In the above solution, threads are processed at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the fastener is a nut. By tightening the nut and pushing the locking cap to move, the second rack and the first rack are engaged with each other, thereby fixing the rotation angle.

[0013] In the above solution, the angle adjustment devices are arranged in multiple groups symmetrically along both sides of the test model.

[0014] In the above scheme, the test device also includes a speed calibration module, which includes a second traction rope, a pulley, a plumb bob, a pointer and a scale; one end of the second traction rope is fixed to the electromagnetic suction cup, and the other end is connected to the plumb bob after passing through the pulley, and the pointer is installed on the side close to the plumb bob; the pulley is installed on the top plate of the tower for transmitting the second traction rope; the scale is installed on the outside of the tower for identifying the critical impact speed corresponding to different heights. During the test, the water entry impact speed corresponding to the current height can be determined by reading the scale corresponding to the pointer.

[0015] In the above solution, several second lifting rings are symmetrically installed on the counterweight plate, and lock buckles corresponding to the second lifting rings are installed on the tower. During the test preparation stage or after a single water impact test, the second lifting rings and the lock buckles are connected by a pull rope.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The test device of the present invention is designed with a spring acceleration module above the test bench. The elastic potential energy of the spring is used to pre-accelerate the structure, so that the structure has a relatively high speed when it starts to fall. Gravity is then used to accelerate it again, ultimately achieving the requirement of high-speed water entry impact of the structure. At the same time, the water entry impact angle of the test model can be changed at any time through the angle adjustment device. The structural design of the angle adjustment device can maintain the stability of the impact angle during the test process, which can meet different structural water entry impact test requirements.

[0018] 2. The test device of the present invention is designed with a speed calibration module on the outside of the tower. Combined with the spring parameters and the initial drop height, the corresponding water impact speed under different drop height conditions can be converted and recorded on the scale. During the test, the water impact speed corresponding to the current height can be determined by reading the scale corresponding to the pointer, and the water impact speed can be accurately controlled.

[0019] 3. The test device of the present invention has a simple structure, high test accuracy, reliable operation and high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the overall structure of the test device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the spring acceleration module of the test device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the lower cover structure of the spring acceleration module shown;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the counterweight plate, smooth guide rail, angle adjustment device and test model of the test device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the angle adjustment device of the test device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an adjusting rod of the angle adjustment device shown;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a rotating base of the angle adjustment device shown;

[0029] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the locking cap of the angle adjustment device shown;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the speed calibration module of the test device of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 10, tower; 11, top plate; 12, reinforcement beam; 13, lock; 20, working platform; 30, lifting device; 31, first traction rope; 40, spring acceleration module; 41, upper cover; 42, lower cover; 43, strong spring; 44, connecting rod; 45, spring slot; 46, limiter; 50, guide rail; 60, electromagnetic suction cup; 61, first lifting ring; 70, counterweight plate; 71, first shaft sleeve; 72 , second lifting ring; 80, angle adjustment device; 81, adjustment rod; 82, rotating shaft; 83, rotating base; 831, bottom plate; 832, adjustment plate; 84, locking cap; 841, rack plate; 842, second shaft sleeve; 843, limit tooth; 85, fastener; 90, speed calibration module; 91, second traction rope; 92, pulley; 93, plumb bob; 94, pointer; 95, scale ruler; 200, test model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a high-speed water impact test device for a structure based on spring acceleration is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a tower 10, a lifting device 30, a spring acceleration module 40, a guide rail 50, an electromagnetic suction cup 60, a counterweight plate 70, and an angle adjustment device 80. The bottom end of the tower 10 is fixed in the test water pool, the lifting device 30 is installed above the top plate 11 of the tower 10, and the spring acceleration module 40 is installed below the top plate 11 of the tower 10. The guide rail 50 is arranged on the outside of the spring acceleration module 40, the upper end of the guide rail 50 is fixedly connected to the top plate 11 of the tower 10, and the lower end is fixed in the test water pool. The upper end of the electromagnetic suction cup 60 is connected to the lifting device 30 through a first traction rope 31, and the lower end can be connected to or disconnected from the counterweight plate 70. The counterweight plate 70 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 50 and can freely move along the guide rail 50 below the spring acceleration module 40 under the drive of the lifting device 30. The test model 200 is mounted on the lower end of the counterweight plate 70 via an angle adjustment device 80, which adjusts and stabilizes the water entry speed of the test model 200. When the electromagnetic suction cup 60 is powered, it can be firmly attached to the counterweight plate 70. During testing, the lifting device 30 pulls the electromagnetic suction cup 60 upward, driving the counterweight plate 70 and the test model 200 below it along the guide rail 50 to the specified test height and compressing the spring acceleration module 40. When the electromagnetic suction cup 60 is de-energized, the counterweight plate 70 is released and, under the action of the rebound force of the spring acceleration module 40 and its own gravity, the counterweight plate 70 moves downward along the guide rail 50 into the test water tank.

[0034] like Figure 3-4As shown, the spring acceleration module 40 includes an upper cover plate 41, a lower cover plate 42, a strong spring 43, a connecting rod 44, and a stopper 46. The upper cover plate 41 is fixedly installed (such as by welding or bolting) below the top plate 11 of the tower 10. The lower end of the connecting rod 44 is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate 42. The upper end of the connecting rod 44 passes through the upper cover plate 41 and the top plate 11 of the tower 10 in sequence, and a stopper 46 is provided. The strong spring 43 is disposed between the upper cover plate 41 and the lower cover plate 42. The middle portions of the top plate 11, the upper cover plate 41, and the lower cover plate 42 of the tower 10 are all machined with through holes of the same size, and the size of the through holes is larger than that of the electromagnetic suction cup 60. The first traction rope 31 passes through the three through holes in sequence. Multiple spring slots 45 are machined around the through holes of the upper cover plate 41 and the lower cover plate 42 for mounting the strong spring 43. For the lower cover plate 42, a threaded hole is machined in each spring slot 45; for the upper cover plate 41, a through hole is machined in each spring slot 45. At the same time, through holes are opened at corresponding positions on the top plate 11 and the upper cover plate 41 to ensure that the connecting rod 44 can smoothly pass through the top plate 11. Preferably, the connecting rod 44 is a screw and the stopper 46 is a nut. The ends of the screw are tapped, and the lower end is installed in the threaded hole of the lower cover plate 42. The upper end passes through the strong spring 43, the upper cover plate 41, and the top plate 11 in sequence, and then the nut is assembled. It does not need to be tightly fitted.

[0035] When the lower cover plate 42 is pushed upward by the counterweight plate 70, the strong spring 43 will be compressed, and at the same time, the connecting rod 44 will be driven to move upward. When the strong spring 43 is compressed to the specified position, that is, when the impact speed requirement is met, the electromagnetic suction cup 60 is disconnected, and the test model 200 will be accelerated into the water under the push of the strong spring 43 and gravity; when the action of the strong spring 43 ends, the limiter 46 at the upper end of the connecting rod 44 can limit the lower cover plate 42 to stop at the initial position and restore the spring acceleration module 40 to its initial state.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, four smooth guide rails 50 are mounted on the outside of the spring acceleration module 40. A counterweight plate 70 is connected to these four smooth guide rails 50 via four first bushings 71. Both the bushings and the guide rails 50 are lubricated to reduce the impact of friction on the test speed. The counterweight plate 70 is connected to the test model 200 below via four angle adjustment devices 80. The use of these four angle adjustment devices 80 ensures the stability of the impact angle during the test.

[0037] like Figure 6-9As shown, the angle adjustment device 80 includes an adjustment rod 81, a rotating shaft 82, a rotating base 83, a locking cap 84, and a fastener 85. The upper end of the adjustment rod 81 is fixedly connected to the counterweight plate 70 (e.g., by a threaded nut, etc.). The lower end of the adjustment rod 81 is slotted and machined with a rotating shaft hole. The slot is used to install the rotating base 83 and locking cap 84, and the rotating shaft hole is used to install the rotating shaft 82. The rotating base 83 includes a base plate 831 and an adjustment plate 832. The base plate 831 is fixedly connected to the test model 200. The adjustment plate 832 is installed in the middle of the rotating shaft 82 and is located in the slot at the lower end of the adjustment rod 81. The adjustment plate 832 can rotate about the rotating shaft 82 to adjust the entry angle of the test model 200 into the water. The adjustment plate 832 is machined with a first rack on both sides. The locking cap 84 is installed on both sides of the adjustment plate 832, and the locking cap 84 includes a rack plate 841 and a second sleeve 842; a second rack is processed on the side of the rack plate 841 close to the adjustment plate 832, and the second rack can engage with the first rack to fix the rotation angle of the rotating base 83; the second sleeve 842 is installed on the side of the rack plate 841 away from the adjustment plate 832, and passes through the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod 81, and the shaft 82 is passed through the second sleeve 842; a plurality of limiting teeth 843 are provided on the surface of the second sleeve 842, and the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod 81 is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the limiting teeth 843, and the limiting teeth 843 are installed in the limiting groove so that the second sleeve 842 can only move along the axial direction of the shaft 82. The fastener 85 is installed on the outside of the adjustment rod 81 and is used to adjust the meshing state of the first rack and the second rack. Preferably, threads are processed at both ends of the rotating shaft 82, and the fastener 85 is a nut. By tightening the nut and pushing the locking cap 84 to move, the second rack and the first rack are meshed with each other, thereby fixing the rotation angle.

[0038] like Figure 10 As shown, to obtain the critical water impact velocity corresponding to different heights in real time, a velocity calibration module 90 is designed on the outside of the tower 10. The velocity calibration module 90 includes a second traction rope 91, a pulley 92, a plumb bob 93, a pointer 94, and a scale 95. One end of the second traction rope 91 is fixed to the electromagnetic chuck 60, and the other end passes through the pulley 92 and connects to the plumb bob 93. The pointer 94 is mounted near the plumb bob 93. The pulley 92 is mounted on the top plate 11 of the tower 10 to transmit the second traction rope 91. The scale 95 is mounted on the outside of the tower 10 and indicates the critical impact velocity corresponding to different heights. When the electromagnetic chuck 60 rises, the plumb bob 93 at the other end pulls the second traction rope 91 downward, causing the pointer 94 to move downward as well. Comparing the scale 95 with the impact velocity corresponding to different heights reveals the impact velocity corresponding to each height. During the experiment, the water impact velocity corresponding to the current height can be determined by reading the corresponding scale on the pointer 94.

[0039] In addition to utilizing the gravitational potential energy of the falling test model 200, this device also incorporates a spring acceleration module 40. Therefore, converting velocity based on the drop height is illogical. According to the law of conservation of energy, both gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy are ultimately converted into the structure's kinetic energy. Therefore, combining the spring parameters and the initial drop height allows the corresponding water impact velocity for different drop heights to be calculated and recorded on the scale 95. Before the test begins, the angle adjustment device 80 can be used to change the water impact angle of the test model 200. During the test, the two synchronous winches are operated to pull the electromagnetic suction cup 60 and drive the counterweight plate 70 and the test model 200 to move upward along the smooth guide rail 50. Since the circular hole in the middle of the spring acceleration module 40 is larger than the size of the electromagnetic suction cup 60, the electromagnetic suction cup 60 can pass through normally and drive the counterweight plate 70 to compress the spring acceleration module 40. At the same time, by reading the speed parameter corresponding to the pointer 94 on the scale 95, when the specified speed is reached, the electromagnetic suction cup 60 is disconnected, and under the action of the spring and gravity, the test model 200 will accelerate to impact the water surface.

[0040] As a further optimization, in this embodiment, tower 10 is secured to the bottom of the tank with strong bolts at the bottom. Horizontal and diagonal reinforcement beams 12 are welded to tower 10 to ensure that its structural strength meets test requirements. A work platform 20 is mounted on the side of tower 10, serving as the operator's standing area during the test. Diagonal support beams are welded beneath work platform 20 to ensure strength.

[0041] For further optimization, in this embodiment, the lifting device 30 includes two synchronously working winches symmetrically installed on both sides of the through hole of the top plate 11 of the tower 10.

[0042] Further optimization, in this embodiment, a first lifting ring 61 is welded on the upper surface of the electromagnetic chuck 60, and the two synchronously working winches are connected to the first lifting ring 61 below through the first traction rope 31.

[0043] As a further optimization, in this embodiment, several second lifting rings 72 are symmetrically welded to the counterweight plate 70, and corresponding locking buckles 13 are welded to the tower 10. During the test preparation phase, a pull rope connects the second lifting rings 72 and the locking buckles 13 to secure the counterweight plate 70. This prevents the counterweight plate 70 from falling due to failure of the electromagnetic chuck 60 in the event of a sudden power outage, which could cause the counterweight plate 70 to fail and create a safety hazard. It can also be used to promptly secure the counterweight plate 70 and the test model 200 below it after a single water impact test.

[0044] For further optimization, in this embodiment, the top end of the guide rail 50 is threaded and fixed to the top plate 11 by assembling nuts, and the bottom end of the guide rail 50 is assembled and fixed to the embedded nuts at the bottom of the pool.

[0045] As a further optimization, in this embodiment, four through holes are processed on the bottom plate 831 of the rotating base 83, and are fixed to the test model 200 by bolts.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed water impact test device based on spring acceleration, characterized in that: It includes a tower, a lifting device, a spring acceleration module, a guide rail, an electromagnetic suction cup, a counterweight plate and an angle adjustment device; The bottom end of the tower is fixed in the test water pool, the lifting device is installed above the top plate of the tower, the spring acceleration module is installed below the top plate of the tower, the upper end of the guide rail is fixedly connected to the top plate of the tower, and the lower end is fixed in the test water pool; the upper end of the electromagnetic suction cup is connected to the lifting device via a first traction rope, and the lower end can be connected to or disconnected from the counterweight plate; the counterweight plate is slidably installed on the guide rail and can move freely along the guide rail below the spring acceleration module under the drive of the lifting device, and the test model is installed on the lower end of the counterweight plate through the angle adjustment device; The spring acceleration module includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a strong spring, a connecting rod and a limiter. The upper cover plate is fixedly installed below the top plate of the tower frame. The lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower cover plate. The upper end of the connecting rod passes through the upper cover plate and the top plate of the tower frame in sequence and then the limiter is set. The strong spring is set between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The angle adjustment device includes an adjustment rod, a rotating shaft, a rotating base, a locking cap and a fastener. The upper end of the adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the counterweight plate, the lower end of the adjustment rod is grooved and processed with a rotating shaft hole, and the rotating shaft is installed in the rotating shaft hole. The rotating base includes a bottom plate and an adjustment plate. The bottom plate is fixedly connected to the test model. The adjustment plate is provided through the rotating shaft and is located in the groove at the lower end of the adjustment rod. The adjustment plate can be rotated around the rotating shaft to adjust the entry angle of the test model into the water, and the angle is fixed by the cooperation of the locking cap and the fastener. A first rack is processed on both sides of the adjustment plate; the locking cap is installed on both sides of the adjustment plate, and the locking cap includes a rack plate and a second sleeve. A second rack is processed on the side of the rack plate close to the adjustment plate, and the second rack can engage with the first rack to fix the rotation angle of the rotating base. The second sleeve is installed on the side of the rack plate away from the adjustment plate and passes through the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod. The shaft is passed through the second sleeve; the fastener is installed on the outside of the adjusting rod for adjusting the meshing state of the first rack and the second rack.

2. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole for the first traction rope to pass through is opened in the middle of the top plate, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the tower, and the size of the through hole is larger than that of the electromagnetic suction cup.

3. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper cover plate and the upper surface of the lower cover plate are correspondingly provided with spring grooves, and the strong springs are installed in the spring grooves.

4. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod is arranged to pass through the strong spring; the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the spring slot of the lower cover plate, and the upper end of the connecting rod passes through the spring slot of the upper cover plate.

5. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the second sleeve is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth, and the shaft hole at the lower end of the adjusting rod is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the limiting teeth. The limiting teeth are installed in the limiting groove so that the second sleeve can only move along the axial direction of the shaft.

6. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the rotating shaft are processed with threads, and the fastener is a nut. By tightening the nut and then pushing the locking cap to move, the second rack and the first rack are engaged with each other, thereby fixing the rotation angle.

7. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment devices are symmetrically arranged in multiple groups along both sides of the test model.

8. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes a speed calibration module, which includes a second traction rope, a pulley, a plumb bob, a pointer and a scale; one end of the second traction rope is fixed to the electromagnetic suction cup, and the other end is passed around the pulley and connected to the plumb bob, and the pointer is installed on the side close to the plumb bob; the pulley is installed on the top plate of the tower for transmitting the second traction rope; the scale is installed on the outside of the tower for identifying the critical impact speed corresponding to different heights. During the test, the water entry impact speed corresponding to the current height can be determined by reading the scale corresponding to the pointer.

9. The spring-accelerated high-speed water impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second lifting rings are symmetrically installed on the counterweight plate, and lock buckles corresponding to the second lifting rings are installed on the tower. During the test preparation stage or after a single water impact test, the second lifting rings and the lock buckles are connected by a pull rope.

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