Disc-type eddy current-friction hybrid brake and rail vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disc-type eddy current-friction hybrid brake and a rail vehicle. Hybrid braking is performed on the brake disc by means of an electromagnet group fixed to an articulated mechanism of a bogie frame, and a support block and a friction plate driven by a hydraulic cylinder raising a rocker. The articulated mechanism is composed of a supporting connecting rod, a rocker, and a hydraulic cylinder. A rotary articulation and a rotary-sliding articulation are used to maintain parallel movement of the electromagnet and the friction plate, thereby maintaining a small magnetic gap between the electromagnet and the brake disc. The electromagnet group has alternating N-S poles arranged on the same stator. Multiple electromagnet groups are arranged between the brake discs according to the braking force requirements of the wheels. The electromagnet groups and friction plates are respectively arranged in coordination with the brake discs to generate eddy currents through a magnetic circuit, thereby applying non-friction braking to the vehicle. Simultaneously, friction braking is performed on the vehicle through friction braking force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of vehicle braking technology, in particular to the field of rail vehicle application, and specifically relates to a disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are roughly three types of braking methods for high-speed trains: friction braking, electric braking and eddy current braking.

[0003] Friction braking is a traditional braking method that uses friction between friction pads and brake discs. It has low installation costs, but it produces noise and wear dust, and has high maintenance and repair costs. It is mainly used for low-speed and parking braking.

[0004] Electric braking uses the direction of the motor to generate electricity, recovers the braking energy and transmits it to the power grid, and then converts it into heat energy using resistance wire at the base station and dissipates it. It can be said that electric braking recovers the braking energy but does not use it.

[0005] Eddy current brakes are classified into wire eddy current and disc eddy current. When energized, the wire eddy current brake sinks to a certain clearance (typically 6-8mm) from the rail, forming a magnetic circuit with the rail. This generates eddy currents on the rail, which in turn creates suction on the brake, braking the vehicle. Wire eddy current brakes are non-adhesive and unaffected by the friction coefficient between the wheel and rail. They are environmentally friendly and generate no braking noise or wear particles. However, due to their heavy weight, high excitation power, high cost, and impact on line signals, they are currently only used on Germany's ICE3 line.

[0006] The disc eddy current brake replaces the original friction brake caliper and friction plate with an electromagnet group, which maintains a certain gap with the brake disc. The brake disc generates eddy currents, thereby braking the wheels. This type of brake is low in cost and makes up for the shortcomings of friction braking. However, due to the left and right swing of the wheels and rails, the magnetic gap of the disc eddy current is too large and the magnetic efficiency is very low. Currently, it is only used on Japan's Shinkansen trains. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, overcome the shortcomings of existing friction brakes and existing disc eddy current brakes, significantly reduce the equipment and use costs of existing brakes, and reduce excitation power consumption, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A disc-type eddy current-friction hybrid brake comprises an electromagnet group, a friction mechanism and an articulated mechanism, wherein the articulated mechanism comprises a supporting link, a first rocker, a hydraulic cylinder and a second rocker, wherein the first rocker and the second rocker are provided with a first steering mechanism so that the brake is rotationally articulated with the bogie frame, the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are rotationally articulated with the first rocker and the second rocker respectively, the two ends of the supporting link are rotationally-sliding articulated with the first rocker and the second rocker respectively, the friction mechanism on the first rocker and the second rocker are arranged on both sides of the brake disc in cooperation with the electromagnet group on the supporting link, and the magnetic gap between the electromagnet group and the brake disc is maintained through the contact of the friction plate on the friction mechanism with the brake disc.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromagnet group includes an iron core and pole plates arranged at both ends of the iron core. The outer layer of the iron core is wrapped with an excitation coil. A stator support is provided between the excitation coil and the pole plate to connect the electromagnet group to the support rod. The stator support is a non-magnetic material.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotary hinge is rotated by the cooperation of the rotary hinge bushing and the rotary pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation-sliding hinge is rotated and translated by the cooperation between the rotation-sliding hinge bushing and the pin shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic gap between the pole plate and the brake disc of the group is j3, and the gap between the wheel and the rail is j1, and j3 and j1 are in the following relationship: j3 = j1 + k, where k is between 1 and 2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the transverse gap between the rotation-sliding hinge bushing and the shaft pin of the supporting connecting rod is j2, and j2 is selected according to the following relationship: j2 = j3×L2 / L3 to ensure the optimization of the magnetic gap j3.

[0014] Under the same excitation power and electromagnet group conditions, the braking force of the disc eddy current in the prior art at a magnetic gap of 7 mm is only 28.6% of the braking force of the disc eddy current of the present invention at a magnetic gap of 2 mm, that is, the braking force of the disc eddy current of the present invention is 3.5 times that of the disc eddy current in the prior art.

[0015] Furthermore, the friction mechanism includes a support block and a friction plate, and the first rocker is connected to the friction plate via the support block hinged to the first rocker.

[0016] Furthermore, the magnetic poles of adjacent electromagnet groups are arranged with the same poles facing each other; and the magnetic poles of adjacent electromagnets in an electromagnet group are arranged with different poles facing each other.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one electromagnet group and its matching hybrid rotating oil pipe are arranged on the bogie structure according to the braking force requirements.

[0018] The braking pressure of the hybrid brake oil pipe is much smaller than that of the original friction brake oil pipe. 1 / 4 of the braking pressure of the original brake oil pipe can meet the guiding function of the hybrid brake friction pad. At the same time, the reduction of brake oil pipe pressure means the reduction of friction force. Therefore, it can also reduce the wear of the friction pad and extend the service life of the friction pad.

[0019] A rail vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein the brake of the vehicle body adopts the disc type eddy current-friction hybrid brake.

[0020] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention provides a hybrid disc eddy current and friction brake and rail vehicle. By guiding the friction pads of the friction brake, the disc eddy current brake's magnetic gap is reduced, thereby improving magnetic efficiency and braking force. While essentially meeting braking performance requirements, the brake's functional weight, excitation power, and overall cost are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1a It is a side view of a disc friction brake in the prior art.

[0023] Figure 1b It is a top view of a disc friction brake in the prior art.

[0024] Figure 1c It is a front view of a disc eddy current brake in the prior art.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a disc turbine-friction hybrid brake in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the electromagnet structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the hinged structure of the rocker and related components in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the relative braking force and the change of the magnetic gap in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the magnetic gap and the rocker of the disc turbine-friction hybrid brake in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the polar relationship between electromagnet groups in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7a Schematic diagram of the polar relationship between the electromagnets in the electromagnet group according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a bogie equipped with two sets of electromagnets in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a group of electromagnets configured in a bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 101 - bogie frame; 102 - spring; 103 - axle; 104 - brake disc; 105 - wheel; 106 - caliper; 107 - friction plate; 108 - friction brake oil pipe; 109 - rail; 109a - gap; 110 - left electromagnet; 110a - magnetic gap;

[0035] 1—electromagnet group; 2—friction plate; 3—support block; 4—support connecting rod; 5—first rocker; 6—hydraulic cylinder; 7—second rocker; 8—rotating hinge mechanism; 9—rotating-sliding hinge mechanism; 9a—lateral gap; 11—first pole plate; 12—stator support; 13—excitation coil; 14—iron core; 15—second pole plate; 81—rotating hinge bushing; 82—rotating hinge pin; 91—rotating-sliding hinge bushing; 92—rotating-sliding hinge pin; 203—hybrid brake oil pipe for single electromagnet group; 204—hybrid brake oil pipe;

[0036] 1010—first electromagnet group; 1011—first electromagnet of the first electromagnet group; 1012—second electromagnet of the first electromagnet group; 1013—third electromagnet of the first electromagnet group; 1014—fourth electromagnet of the first electromagnet group; 1020—second electromagnet group. Implementation Method

[0037] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] In the prior art, friction brakes equipped on high-speed train bogies are Figure 1a 、 Figure 1bAs shown, during braking, pressure applied by the brake oil pipe 108 causes the caliper 106 and friction plate 107 to clamp and rub against the brake disc 104, generating braking. The caliper 106 is connected to the bogie frame 101, which is connected to the axle 103 via a spring 102. The rocker of the caliper 106 can swing with the wheel 105 and rail 109, keeping the friction plate 107 and brake disc 105 firmly locked, ensuring smooth friction braking. This type of friction brake has low installation costs, but generates noise and wear dust, and has high maintenance and repair costs. It is mainly used for low-speed and parking braking.

[0040] In the prior art, disc eddy current brakes such as Figure 1c As shown, when energized, the electromagnet assembly 110 forms a magnetic circuit through the magnetic gap 110a, generating eddy currents in the rotating brake disc 104, thereby braking the wheel. This eddy current brake is a non-friction brake, requiring virtually no maintenance and offering low cost. However, since the gap 109a between the wheel 105 and the rail 109 is typically ±5 mm, the magnetic gap 110a must be at least ±7 mm. This results in low magnetic efficiency and insufficient braking force. Alternatively, to increase the braking force, the excitation current must be increased, which increases the excitation power and equipment cost.

[0041] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hinge mechanism includes an electromagnet group 1 and an articulated mechanism, which is composed of a supporting link 4, a first rocker 5, a hydraulic cylinder 6, and a second rocker 7, and is connected to the bogie frame 101. One end of the first rocker 5 is connected to the support block 3 and the friction plate 2. The articulated mechanism achieves braking of the brake disc 104 by the electromagnet group 1 and the friction plate 2 through a rotating articulated mechanism 8 and a rotating-sliding articulated mechanism 9.

[0042] When the wheel is moving, when the excitation coil is energized, a magnetic circuit is formed between the electromagnet group 1 and the brake disc 104, generating eddy currents on the rotating brake disc 104, thereby producing non-friction braking on the vehicle; at the same time, the friction plate 2 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 6 contacts the brake disc 104, guiding the electromagnet group 1 and the brake disc 104 to drive and maintain a smaller magnetic gap, and also generating friction braking force to perform friction braking on the vehicle; this not only overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology that single friction brakes require frequent maintenance and replacement, but also makes up for the shortcomings of the existing technology that single disc eddy current brakes have large magnetic gaps and low magnetic efficiency; while meeting basic braking requirements, the functional weight of the brake is reduced, the excitation power is reduced, and the equipment cost and use cost of the brake are reduced.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnet assembly 1 is composed of a first pole plate 11, a stator support 12, an excitation coil 13, an iron core 14 and a second pole plate 15, and is fixed to the support link 4 through the stator support 12. At the same time, the stator support 12 is made of non-magnetic material.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the support link 4, the first rocker 5, the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the second rocker 7 of the articulated mechanism realize rotation and translation by rotating the articulated bushing 81 and the rotating pin 82 and the rotating-sliding articulated bushing 91 and the pin 92, and maintain the magnetic gap between the electromagnet group 1 and the brake disc 104 through the contact of the friction plate 2 with the brake disc 104.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. , which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relative braking force is inversely proportional to the magnetic gap. Specifically, under the same excitation power and electromagnet group, the braking force of the disc eddy current in the prior art at a magnetic gap of 7 mm is only 28.6% of the braking force of the disc eddy current of the present invention at a magnetic gap of 2 mm. In other words, the braking force of the disc eddy current of the present invention is 3.5 times that of the disc eddy current of the prior art.

[0046] like Figure 6 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic gap 110a between the electromagnet pole plate 11 and the brake disc 104 is j3, and the gap 109a between the wheel 105 and the rail 109 is j1. The relationship between j3 and j1 is: j3 = j1 + k, where k is between 1 and 2 mm. The lateral gap 9a between the rotating and sliding hinge bushing 91 and the axle pin 92 of the support link 4 is j2. The relationship j2 is selected according to: j2 = j3 × L2 / L3 to ensure the optimal magnetic gap j3.

[0047] like Figure 7 、 Figure 7a As shown in FIG. 1 , which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic poles of the first electromagnet group 1010 and the second electromagnet group 1020 are arranged with the same poles facing each other; the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 1011 , 1012 , 1013 and 1014 are arranged adjacent to each other with different poles.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. At least one electromagnet group 1010 and a single electromagnet group mixed brake oil pipe 203 can be arranged on the bogie structure 101 according to the braking force requirements.

[0049] like Figure 9FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Multiple electromagnet groups 1010 and 2010 and hybrid brake oil pipe 204 can be arranged on the bogie frame 101 according to braking force requirements. The braking pressure of the hybrid brake oil pipe 203 and hybrid brake oil pipe 204, each of which is a single electromagnet group, is much lower than the braking pressure of the original friction brake oil pipe 108. A quarter of the braking pressure of the original friction brake oil pipe 108 is sufficient to guide the hybrid brake friction pad 2. Furthermore, reduced brake oil pipe pressure reduces friction, thereby reducing friction pad wear and extending its service life.

[0050] The present invention's hybrid eddy current-friction disc brake overcomes the high cost, low magnetic efficiency, and insufficient braking force of existing friction brakes. With the same excitation power and electromagnet assembly, its braking force is 3.5 times greater than that of existing eddy current disc brakes. To achieve the same braking force as existing brakes, the present invention reduces both weight and cost by approximately 40%. Furthermore, because the friction plates of the present invention serve only as guides, their service life is approximately three times that of existing friction plates.

[0051] A rail vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein the hybrid brake of the vehicle body is a disc type eddy current-friction hybrid brake.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disc-type eddy current-friction hybrid brake, comprising an electromagnet group (1), a friction mechanism and an articulated mechanism, characterized in that: The articulated mechanism comprises a supporting link (4), a first rocking arm (5), a hydraulic cylinder (6) and a second rocking arm (7); a first steering mechanism is provided on the first rocking arm (5) and the second rocking arm (7) so that the brake is rotationally articulated with the bogie frame (101); two ends of the hydraulic cylinder (6) are rotationally articulated with the first rocking arm (5) and the second rocking arm (7); two ends of the supporting link (4) are rotationally and slidingly articulated with the first rocking arm (5) and the second rocking arm (7); and the friction mechanism on the first rocking arm (5) and the second rocking arm (7) is arranged on both sides of the brake disc (104) in cooperation with the electromagnet group (1) on the supporting link (4).

2. A disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet group (1) comprises an iron core (14) and pole plates arranged at both ends of the iron core (14); an excitation coil (13) is wrapped around the outer layer of the iron core (14); a stator support (12) is provided between the excitation coil (13) and the pole plates to connect the electromagnet group (1) to the support connecting rod (4).

3. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary hinge is rotated by the cooperation of the rotary hinge bushing (81) and the rotary pin (82).

4. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation-sliding hinge is rotated and translated by the cooperation of the rotation-sliding hinge bushing (91) and the pin shaft (92).

5. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic gap (110a) between the pole plate of the electromagnet group (1) and the brake disc (104) is j3, and the gap (109a) between the wheel (105) and the rail (109) is j1. The relationship between j3 and j1 is as follows: j3 = j1 + k, where k is between 1 and 2 mm.

6. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction mechanism comprises a support block (3) and a friction plate (2), and the first rocker (5) is connected to the friction plate (2) via the support block (3) hinged to the first rocker (5).

7. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic poles of adjacent electromagnet groups (1) are arranged with the same poles facing each other; the magnetic poles of adjacent electromagnets in the electromagnet group (1) are arranged with different poles facing each other.

8. The disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one electromagnet group (1010) and its matching mixed rotation oil pipe are arranged on the bogie frame (101) according to the braking force requirement.

9. A rail vehicle comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that: The brake of the vehicle body adopts a disc eddy current-friction hybrid brake as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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