A cassiterite flotation collector, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a collector for cassiterite flotation, its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of mineral flotation. The collector for cassiterite flotation of the present invention is prepared from raw materials by mass percentage: serine accounts for 20 - 50%, naphthenic acid accounts for 10 - 50%, and the balance is water; the molecular formula of the naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH. The collector for cassiterite flotation of the present invention contains amide groups, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups and cycloalkyl groups, and these groups form a hydrophobic film on the surface of cassiterite, promoting the floating of cassiterite, improving the flotation efficiency of cassiterite, the recovery rate and grade of cassiterite concentrate. The collector for cassiterite flotation of the present invention can be used in a low-alkaline environment, selectively adsorbs on the surface of cassiterite, has no effect on other ore components, and the collector has a low cost, a simple preparation method, and a high recovery rate of cassiterite concentrate when applied to the cassiterite flotation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation, and particularly relates to a collector for cassiterite flotation, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tin is one of the important strategic minerals and can be widely used in fields such as nuclear power generation and aircraft engines. According to relevant data, China ranks among the top in the world in terms of tin resource reserves. However, in recent years, the over-exploitation of cassiterite has led to the characteristics of "poor, fine, and miscellaneous" of cassiterite, and the fine particles in the ore affect the effect of gravity separation. Therefore, the flotation method has a high efficiency for recovering cassiterite. Common collectors used in cassiterite flotation include benzohydroxamic acid, fatty acids, phosphonic acids, arsonic acids, etc. With the gradual in-depth research on cassiterite collectors, the development of new, environmentally friendly, and efficient collectors will surely become the norm. The present invention aims to provide an efficient collector for cassiterite flotation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a collector for cassiterite flotation, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A collector for cassiterite flotation is prepared from raw materials with mass percentages: serine accounts for 20 - 50%, naphthenic acid accounts for 10 - 50%, and the balance is water; the naphthenic acid has the molecular formula (CH2)4CH(CH2)5 - COOH.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structural formula of the collector for cassiterite flotation is:

[0007]

[0008] The preparation method of the collector for cassiterite flotation of the present invention includes: adding serine and naphthenic acid into water, adding a catalyst for reaction to obtain the collector for cassiterite flotation.

[0009] The catalyst is a Rh catalyst, and the mass percentage ratio of the catalyst to serine is 1% - 5%: 10% - 50%; the reaction temperature is 60 - 80°C, and the reaction time is less than 3 minutes.

[0010] The sum of the mass percentages of the catalyst, serine, naphthenic acid, and water is 100%.

[0011] Reaction equation for preparing the collector for cassiterite flotation:

[0012]

[0013] Application of the cassiterite flotation collector of the present invention in the flotation of cassiterite.

[0014] The specific application steps are as follows: Crushing the raw ore containing cassiterite, grinding it with water, adjusting the pH to 7 - 10 to obtain pulp; subjecting the pulp to one rough selection, two scavenging selections, and two cleaning selections at 40 - 100 °C to obtain a cassiterite concentrate; adding the cassiterite flotation collector during the rough selection and the two scavenging selections.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time for the rough selection is 6 min; the time for the first scavenging selection is 3 min, and the time for the second scavenging selection is 2 min; the time for the first cleaning selection is 3 min, and the time for the second cleaning selection is 3 min.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector during the rough selection is 400 - 800 g / t; the addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector during the first scavenging selection is 200 - 400 g / t; the addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector during the second scavenging selection is 100 - 200 g / t.

[0017] Add inhibitors and frothers as needed during the rough selection, add frothers as needed during the two scavenging selections, and do not add drugs during the two cleaning selections.

[0018] The inhibitors and frothers are common drugs in the art.

[0019] More preferably, the inhibitor is sodium sulfide, and the addition amount during the rough selection is 1000 g / t; the frother is No. 2 oil, and the addition amount during the rough selection is 50 g / t, and the addition amount during the scavenging selection is 25 g / t.

[0020] The action principle of the cassiterite flotation collector of the present invention is:

[0021] The collector contains amide groups, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, and cycloalkyl groups. Among them, the amide groups react with metal ions to form chelates, and the carboxyl groups form insoluble salts with metal ions. Therefore, the amide groups and carboxyl groups can selectively adsorb on the surface of cassiterite, forming a hydrophobic film on the surface of cassiterite to make cassiterite float. Moreover, the cyclic molecules can significantly improve the hydrophobicity of the ore surface, and the branched hydroxyl groups chemically adsorb on the surface of cassiterite, the O - H bond breaks to form the Sn - O bond, enhancing the adsorption of the collector on cassiterite, thereby improving the flotation efficiency of cassiterite and enhancing the grade and recovery rate of the cassiterite concentrate. In addition, since the collector contains unsaturated double bonds, the solubility of the collector molecules is increased, and the applicable temperature range of the cassiterite flotation process is wide, and it can be carried out at 40 - 100 °C.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The collector for cassiterite flotation in the present invention contains amide group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and cycloalkyl group. These groups can effectively adsorb on the surface of cassiterite, promote the floating of cassiterite or enhance the adsorption on cassiterite, improve the flotation efficiency of cassiterite, as well as the recovery rate and grade of cassiterite concentrate.

[0024] (2) The collector for cassiterite flotation in the present invention can be used in a low-alkaline environment, selectively adsorb on the surface of cassiterite, and has no effect on other ore components. Moreover, the collector has a low cost, a simple preparation method, and a high recovery rate of cassiterite concentrate when applied to the cassiterite flotation process. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The original ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a certain metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc.; the original ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin therein is mainly cassiterite.

[0028] The collector for cassiterite flotation is prepared from raw materials with mass percentages: 45% serine, 15% cycloalkanoic acid, 40% water; the molecular formula of the cycloalkanoic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0029] The preparation method of the collector for cassiterite flotation includes the following steps: mix serine, cycloalkanoic acid and water, and react at 60 °C for 2.8 min under the action of a Rh catalyst to generate the collector for cassiterite flotation; the weight ratio of the catalyst to serine is 10:50.

[0030] The application of the collector for cassiterite flotation in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Crush the original ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 8, and carry out the flotation process at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one rough selection, two scavenging selections, two cleaning selections, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0032] The process of one rough selection includes: add 500 g / t of the collector for cassiterite flotation, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil for stirring in the rough selection process, and then carry out the rough selection process. The rough selection time is 6 min.

[0033] The process of two-stage scavenging includes: adding 250 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother and stirring in the first scavenging process, and then conducting the first scavenging with a time of 3 min; adding 100 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother and stirring in the second scavenging process, and then conducting the second scavenging with a time of 2 min.

[0034] No chemicals are added in the two-stage cleaning processes. The time of the first cleaning is 3 min, and the time of the second cleaning is 3 min.

[0035] After the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained, and the grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The original ore is a tin-bearing polymetallic sulfide ore from a certain mine in Yunnan. The original ore contains 0.301% tin, and the contents of other elements are relatively low; the composition of the original ore is complex, the grade of cassiterite is low, and the gangue minerals are mainly argillaceous minerals of silicate and carbonate.

[0038] The cassiterite flotation collector is prepared from raw materials with mass percentages: 40% serine, 10% naphthenic acid, and 50% water; the molecular formula of the naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0039] The preparation method of the cassiterite flotation collector includes the following steps: mixing serine, naphthenic acid, and water, and reacting at 60 °C for 2.8 min under the action of a Rh catalyst to generate the cassiterite flotation collector; the weight ratio of the catalyst to serine is 10:50.

[0040] The application of the cassiterite flotation collector in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] Crush the original ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 10, and conduct the flotation process at 100 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one-stage roughing, two-stage scavenging, two-stage cleaning, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0042] The process of one-stage roughing includes: adding 400 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil and stirring in the roughing process, and then conducting the roughing process with a time of 6 min.

[0043] The process of two-stage scavenging includes: adding 200 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother and stirring in the first scavenging process, and then conducting the first scavenging with a time of 3 min; adding 100 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother and stirring in the second scavenging process, and then conducting the second scavenging with a time of 2 min.

[0044] No drugs are added in both the two beneficiation processes. The time for the first beneficiation is 3 min, and the time for the second beneficiation is 3 min.

[0045] The cassiterite concentrate product is obtained through the above flotation process. The grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The raw ore is from a certain mine in Yunnan. The raw ore contains 0.49% tin, a small amount of sulfur and iron. The ore property is complex, containing various metal minerals with fine dissemination size.

[0048] The cassiterite flotation collector is prepared from raw materials with the following mass percentages: 50% serine, 25% naphthenic acid, and 25% water; the molecular formula of the naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0049] The preparation method of the cassiterite flotation collector includes the following steps: Mix serine, naphthenic acid and water, and react at 60 °C for 2.8 min under the action of a Rh catalyst to generate the cassiterite flotation collector; the weight ratio of the catalyst to serine is 10:50.

[0050] The application of the cassiterite flotation collector in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] Crush the raw ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 7, and carry out the flotation process at 40 °C. The flotation process flow adopts the process of one roughing, two scavengings, two cleanings, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0052] The process of one roughing includes: Add 800 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil for stirring in the roughing process, and then carry out the roughing process. The time for roughing is 6 min.

[0053] The process of two scavengings includes: Add 400 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent for stirring in the first scavenging process, and then carry out the first scavenging. The time for the first scavenging is 3 min; Add 200 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent for stirring in the second scavenging process, and then carry out the second scavenging. The time for the second scavenging is 2 min.

[0054] No drugs are added in both the two beneficiation processes. The time for the first beneficiation is 3 min, and the time for the second beneficiation is 3 min.

[0055] The cassiterite concentrate product is obtained through the above flotation process. The grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] The raw ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc.; the raw ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin therein is mainly cassiterite.

[0058] The cassiterite flotation collector is prepared from raw materials with mass percentages: 50% serine, 10% naphthenic acid, and 40% water; the molecular formula of the naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0059] The preparation method of the cassiterite flotation collector includes the following steps: Mix serine, naphthenic acid, and water, and react at 80 °C for 0.5 min under the action of a Rh catalyst to generate the cassiterite flotation collector; the weight ratio of the catalyst to serine is 1:50.

[0060] The application of the cassiterite flotation collector in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] Crush the raw ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH to 8, and carry out the flotation process at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, and two cleanings, with the middlings returned in sequence.

[0062] The process of one roughing includes: Add 500 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil to the roughing process and stir, then carry out the roughing process, and the roughing time is 6 min.

[0063] The process of two scavengings includes: Add 250 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent to the first scavenging process and stir, then carry out the first scavenging, and the first scavenging time is 3 min; Add 100 g / t of the cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent to the second scavenging process and stir, then carry out the second scavenging, and the second scavenging time is 2 min.

[0064] No drugs are added in the two cleaning processes. The first cleaning time is 3 min, and the second cleaning time is 3 min.

[0065] Through the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained, and the grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The raw ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc.; the raw ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin therein is mainly cassiterite.

[0068] The collector is benzohydroxamic acid.

[0069] The cassiterite flotation process described in this comparative example specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] The raw ore is crushed, then ground with water, the pH is adjusted to 8, and the flotation process is carried out at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, two cleanings, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0071] The process of one roughing includes: adding 600 g / t of collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil to stir in the roughing process, and then carrying out the roughing process. The roughing time is 6 min.

[0072] The process of two scavengings includes: adding 200 g / t of collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the first scavenging process, and then carrying out the first scavenging. The first scavenging time is 3 min; adding 100 g / t of collector and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the second scavenging process, and then carrying out the second scavenging. The second scavenging time is 2 min.

[0073] No chemicals are added in the two cleaning processes. The first cleaning time is 3 min, and the second cleaning time is 3 min.

[0074] Through the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained, and the grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The raw ore is a tin-bearing polymetallic sulfide ore from a certain mine in Yunnan. The raw ore contains 0.301% tin, and the contents of other elements are relatively low; the raw ore has a complex composition, a low cassiterite grade, and the gangue minerals are mainly argillaceous minerals of silicate and carbonate.

[0077] The collector is salicylhydroxamic acid.

[0078] The cassiterite flotation process described in this comparative example specifically includes the following steps:

[0079] The raw ore is crushed, then ground with water, the pH is adjusted to 10, and the flotation process is carried out at 100 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, two cleanings, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0080] The process of one roughing includes: adding 800 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil to stir in the roughing process, and then carrying out the roughing process. The roughing time is 6 min.

[0081] The process of two-stage scavenging includes: adding 200 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother in the first scavenging process, stirring, and then conducting the first scavenging. The time for the first scavenging is 3 minutes; adding 100 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother in the second scavenging process, stirring, and then conducting the second scavenging. The time for the second scavenging is 2 minutes.

[0082] No chemicals are added in both two-stage cleaning processes. The time for the first cleaning is 3 minutes, and the time for the second cleaning is 3 minutes.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] The raw ore is from a certain mine in Yunnan. The raw ore contains 0.49% tin, a small amount of sulfur and iron. The ore properties are complex, containing various metal minerals with fine dissemination size.

[0085] The collector is styrene phosphonic acid.

[0086] The cassiterite flotation process described in this comparative example specifically includes the following steps:

[0087] Crush the raw ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH to 7, and conduct the flotation process at 40°C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, two cleanings, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0088] The process of one roughing includes: adding 1000 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil in the roughing process, stirring, and then conducting the roughing process. The time for roughing is 6 minutes.

[0089] The process of two scavengings includes: adding 500 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother in the first scavenging process, stirring, and then conducting the first scavenging. The time for the first scavenging is 3 minutes; adding 250 g / t of cassiterite flotation collector and 25 g / t of frother in the second scavenging process, stirring, and then conducting the second scavenging. The time for the second scavenging is 2 minutes.

[0090] No chemicals are added in both two-stage cleaning processes. The time for the first cleaning is 3 minutes, and the time for the second cleaning is 3 minutes.

[0091] Through the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained. The grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Comparative Example 4

[0093] The raw ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc. The raw ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin in it is mainly cassiterite.

[0094] The cassiterite flotation collector is serine.

[0095] The application of the serine collector in this comparative example specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] Crush the raw ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 8, and carry out the flotation process at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, and two cleanings, with the middlings returned in sequence.

[0097] The process of one roughing includes: adding 500 g / t of serine, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil for stirring in the roughing process, and then carrying out the roughing process. The roughing time is 6 min.

[0098] The process of two scavengings includes: adding 250 g / t of serine and 25 g / t of foaming agent for stirring in the first scavenging process, and then carrying out the first scavenging. The first scavenging time is 3 min; adding 100 g / t of serine and 25 g / t of foaming agent for stirring in the second scavenging process, and then carrying out the second scavenging. The second scavenging time is 2 min.

[0099] No drugs are added in the two cleaning processes. The first cleaning time is 3 min, and the second cleaning time is 3 min.

[0100] After the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained, and the grades and recovery rates are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 5

[0102] The raw ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc. The raw ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin in it is mainly cassiterite.

[0103] The collector is naphthenic acid; the molecular formula of naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0104] The application of the naphthenic acid collector in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0105] Crush the raw ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 8, and carry out the flotation process at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts a process of one roughing, two scavengings, and two cleanings, with the middlings returned in sequence.

[0106] The process of the first rough selection includes: adding 500 g / t of naphthenic acid, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil to stir in the rough selection process, and then carrying out the rough selection process. The time for rough selection is 6 minutes.

[0107] The process of two scavenging selections includes: adding 250 g / t of naphthenic acid and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the first scavenging selection process, and then carrying out the first scavenging selection. The time for the first scavenging selection is 3 minutes; adding 100 g / t of naphthenic acid and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the second scavenging selection process, and then carrying out the second scavenging selection. The time for the second scavenging selection is 2 minutes.

[0108] No chemicals are added in the two cleaning selection processes. The time for the first cleaning selection is 3 minutes, and the time for the second cleaning selection is 3 minutes.

[0109] After the above flotation process, cassiterite concentrate products are obtained. The grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0110] Comparative Example 6

[0111] The original ore is a large-scale tin-zinc-copper polymetallic ore from a certain metal mine in Yunnan. The main minerals include cassiterite, sphalerite, etc., and the main gangue minerals include quartz, fluorite, etc.; the original ore contains 0.19% copper, 3.71% zinc, and 0.38% tin, and the tin in it is mainly cassiterite.

[0112] The collector is naphthenic acid; the molecular formula of the naphthenic acid is (CH2)4CH(CH2)5-COOH.

[0113] The application of the naphthenic acid collector in this example specifically includes the following steps:

[0114] Crush the original ore, then add water for grinding, adjust the pH = 8, and carry out the flotation process at 50 °C. The flotation process flow adopts the process of one rough selection, two scavenging selections, two cleaning selections, and the middlings are returned in sequence.

[0115] The process of the first rough selection includes: adding 800 g / t of naphthenic acid, 1000 g / t of sodium sulfide, and 50 g / t of No. 2 oil to stir in the rough selection process, and then carrying out the rough selection process. The time for rough selection is 6 minutes.

[0116] The process of two scavenging selections includes: adding 300 g / t of naphthenic acid and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the first scavenging selection process, and then carrying out the first scavenging selection. The time for the first scavenging selection is 3 minutes; adding 150 g / t of naphthenic acid and 25 g / t of foaming agent to stir in the second scavenging selection process, and then carrying out the second scavenging selection. The time for the second scavenging selection is 2 minutes.

[0117] No drugs are added in both the two beneficiation processes. The time for the first beneficiation is 3 minutes, and the time for the second beneficiation is 3 minutes.

[0118] The cassiterite concentrate product is obtained through the above flotation process. The grade and recovery rate are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from Table 1, during the flotation separation process of cassiterite, the cassiterite flotation collector described in the present invention can improve the quality of the cassiterite concentrate product, and the recovery rate of tin is as high as 80%. According to the comparison between Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, compared with the traditional collector, when using the cassiterite flotation collector, the recovery rate and grade of the cassiterite concentrate are better. According to Examples and Comparative Examples 4-6, when serine or naphthenic acid is used alone, even if the addition amount is large, the recovery rate and grade of the cassiterite concentrate are not as high as those when using the cassiterite flotation collector, indicating that the collector prepared from serine and naphthenic acid can make the flotation separation effect of cassiterite better.

[0123] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cassiterite flotation collector, characterized in that, Prepared from raw materials with mass percentages: serine accounts for 20 - 50%, naphthenic acid accounts for 10 - 50%, and the balance is water; the naphthenic acid has the molecular formula (CH2)4CH(CH2)5COOH; The structural formula of the cassiterite flotation collector is:

2. The preparation method of the cassiterite flotation collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, Add serine and naphthenic acid to water, add an Rh catalyst and react to obtain the cassiterite flotation collector; the mass percentage ratio of the Rh catalyst to serine is 1% - 5%: 10% - 50%; the reaction temperature is 60 - 80 °C, and the reaction time is less than 3 min.

3. The application of the cassiterite flotation collector according to claim 1 in the flotation of cassiterite.

4. The application according to claim 3, wherein Specifically, it includes the following steps: crush the raw ore containing cassiterite, grind it with water, adjust the pH to 7 - 10 to obtain a pulp, and subject the pulp to one rough selection, two scavenging selections, and two cleaning selections at 40 - 100 °C to obtain a cassiterite concentrate; add the cassiterite flotation collector during the rough selection and the two scavenging selections.

5. The application according to claim 3, wherein The addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector in the rough selection is 400 - 800 g / t; the addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector in the first scavenging selection is 200 - 400 g / t; the addition amount of the cassiterite flotation collector in the second scavenging selection is 100 - 200 g / t.

6. The application according to claim 3, characterized in that, The time for the rough selection is 6 min; the time for the first scavenging selection is 3 min, the time for the second scavenging selection is 2 min; the time for the first cleaning selection is 3 min, and the time for the second cleaning selection is 3 min.

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