Laser cutting method of plate, control device, laser cutting machine and storage medium

Abstract

This application relates to the field of laser processing, specifically a method for laser cutting sheet metal, comprising the following steps: cutting the sheet metal at a first speed using a laser cutting head; real-time detection of the distance between the cutting head and the sheet metal along the cutting path; determining the presence of raised or recessed areas on the cutting surface of the sheet metal when the distance changes relative to the initial distance; adjusting the height of the cutting head at a second speed using a graded adjustment method, and continuing to cut the sheet metal after adjustment; and adjusting the cutting head back to its original height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method after detecting that the cutting head has passed through a raised or recessed area, and continuing to cut the sheet metal until the cutting is complete. This application also provides a laser cutting control device, a laser cutter, and a storage medium for sheet metal. This application enables fine processing of thick sheet metal with uneven surfaces, resulting in a fine texture on the cut surface and improved cutting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to laser cutting methods for sheet metal, laser cutting control devices for sheet metal, laser cutting machines, and computer-readable storage media. Background Technology

[0002] Existing laser processing technologies generally include laser cutting, marking, welding, surface treatment, and engraving. In the laser cutting process, when cutting thick or rusted plates, molten slag may splash onto the plate, forming protrusions, or rust spots may form protrusions or depressions. When passing through protruding or depressed areas, the cutting head will rise or fall from the set cutting height to another height due to the change in cutting thickness. After passing through the protruding or depressed area, the cutting head will adjust the original cutting height again. The fluctuation of the cutting height results in a rough and uneven cut surface, or incomplete cutting, leading to low cutting stability and poor cutting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a laser cutting method for sheet metal, which solves the technical problems of rough cutting surface texture, low cutting stability, and poor cutting quality caused by the existing cutting head adjustment methods when laser cutting sheet metal with uneven surfaces. Furthermore, this application also provides a laser cutting control device for sheet metal, a laser cutting machine, and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a laser cutting method for sheet metal, employing the following technical solution:

[0005] A laser cutting method for sheet metal, applied to a laser cutting machine, includes the following steps:

[0006] The cutting head of the laser cutting machine is used to cut the plate at a first speed in a direction parallel to the plate, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the plate;

[0007] The distance sensor installed on the cutting head is used to detect the distance between the cutting head and the plate in real time along the cutting path. When the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height.

[0008] In a stepwise adjustment method perpendicular to the board material, the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the second height at a second speed. After the adjustment is completed, the cutting head continues to cut the board material.

[0009] When the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the protruding or recessed area, it adjusts the cutting head from the second height back to the first height at a second speed in a stepwise adjustment manner in the direction perpendicular to the board, and makes the cutting head continue to cut the board.

[0010] Repeat the first three steps until the board is cut.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate material specifically includes:

[0012] Determine the change in the spacing relative to the initial spacing, and determine the initial adjustment direction and initial adjustment range based on the change value;

[0013] A preliminary adjustment is performed based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range, after which the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the intermediate adjustment height;

[0014] The adjustment direction for the next level is determined based on the deviation between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and the adjustment range is reduced. This is used to perform the next level of adjustment and update the value of the intermediate adjustment height.

[0015] Repeat the previous step until the adjusted distance between the cutting head and the plate approaches the initial distance. At this point, the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height.

[0016] Furthermore, prior to the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes:

[0017] The time point at which the distance between the cutting head and the plate changes is obtained, and based on the time point, it is determined whether the scanning cycle of the laser cutting machine is within a preset number of scanning cycles. If so, the cutting head is kept at the first height.

[0018] Furthermore, prior to the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in a direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes:

[0019] Determine whether the change in the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a first preset value. If it does not reach the first preset value, maintain the cutting head at the first height.

[0020] Furthermore, after the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes:

[0021] Determine whether the second height is the limit height that the cutting head can adjust. If so, determine whether the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a second preset value. If the duration of reaching the second preset value exceeds a preset duration, stop the cutting head from cutting the board and output an alarm prompt.

[0022] Furthermore, prior to the step of cutting the sheet material at a first speed with the cutting head of the laser cutting machine in a direction parallel to the sheet material, the method further includes:

[0023] Obtain parameter information of the board to be cut, wherein the parameter information includes at least the type and thickness of the board;

[0024] The cutting parameters of the laser cutting machine are obtained based on the parameter information. The cutting parameters include at least the cutting speed range and initial height range of the cutting head relative to the plate, the cutting gas type, and the scanning cycle range of the laser cutting machine.

[0025] Based on the parameter information and the cutting parameters, the first speed is adjusted to be within the cutting speed range, the first height is adjusted to be within the height range, and the scanning cycle is adjusted to be within the scanning cycle range.

[0026] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a laser cutting device for sheet metal, employing the following technical solution:

[0027] A laser cutting device for sheet metal, comprising:

[0028] A cutting control module is used to cause the cutting head of a laser cutting machine to cut the sheet material at a first speed in a direction parallel to the sheet material, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the sheet material;

[0029] The detection module is used to detect the distance between the cutting head and the plate in real time on the cutting path by means of a distance sensor set on the cutting head. When the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height.

[0030] The height control module is used to adjust the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in the direction perpendicular to the board material, and after the adjustment is completed, to allow the cutting head to continue cutting the board material; and to adjust the cutting head back from the second height to the first height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in the direction perpendicular to the board material when the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the protruding or recessed area, and to allow the cutting head to continue cutting the board material.

[0031] Furthermore, the height control module includes:

[0032] A height adjustment unit is used to determine the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing, determine the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range based on the change value, and perform a primary adjustment based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range, after which the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the intermediate adjustment height;

[0033] The height correction unit is used to determine the adjustment direction of the next level based on the deviation between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and to reduce the adjustment range to perform the next level adjustment, thereby updating the value of the intermediate adjustment height; until the distance between the adjusted cutting head and the plate material approaches the initial distance, at which point the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height.

[0034] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a laser cutting machine, which employs the following technical solution:

[0035] A laser cutting machine includes a laser, the laser including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of the laser cutting method for sheet metal as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0036] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, employing the technical solution described below:

[0037] The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the laser cutting method for sheet metal as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the laser cutting method for sheet metal provided in this application has the following main advantages:

[0039] This embodiment uses a multi-level height adjustment method to smoothly adjust the cutting head in the uneven areas of the cutting path, achieving stable cutting control. It can achieve fine processing for thick plates with uneven surfaces, resulting in a delicate texture on the cut surface and improving cutting quality. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of the laser cutting method for sheet metal according to this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of step 103;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment trajectory of the cutting head according to one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the change in nozzle height of the cutting head as it passes over a protrusion, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 5 These are comparison images of the processed products according to this application and existing processed products;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the laser cutting control device for sheet metal according to this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the laser according to this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0049] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the laser cutting method for sheet metal according to this application is shown. The laser cutting method for sheet metal is applied to a laser cutting machine and includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S101: The cutting head of the laser cutting machine cuts the plate at a first speed in a direction parallel to the plate, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the plate.

[0053] Step S102: The distance between the cutting head and the plate on the cutting path is detected in real time by a distance sensor set on the cutting head. When the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height.

[0054] Step S103: In the direction perpendicular to the board material, the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method. After the adjustment is completed, the cutting head continues to cut the board material.

[0055] Step S104: When the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the protruding or recessed area, the cutting head is adjusted from the second height back to the first height at a second speed in a graded adjustment manner in the direction perpendicular to the board, and the cutting head continues to cut the board.

[0056] Step S105: Repeat steps S102 to S104 until the plate cutting is completed.

[0057] This embodiment uses a multi-level height adjustment method to smoothly adjust the cutting head in the uneven areas of the cutting path, achieving stable cutting control. It can achieve fine processing for thick plates with uneven surfaces, resulting in a delicate texture on the cut surface and improving cutting quality.

[0058] The steps described above are explained in detail below.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sheet material to be cut is located on the machine tool of the laser cutter. The machine tool drives the sheet material to move, and when the cutting head of the laser cutter cuts the sheet material at a first speed in a direction parallel to the sheet material, the first speed is actually the movement speed of the sheet material on the machine tool. The initial height of the laser cutting head relative to the surface of the sheet material refers to the height difference between the lower end of the cutting head and the upper surface of the sheet material. This height difference is determined by the thickness of the sheet material to ensure that the cutting head can focus on the sheet material and ensure that the material is cut through during cutting.

[0060] In some embodiments, before the step of cutting the plate at a first speed with the cutting head of the laser cutting machine in a direction parallel to the plate, the method further includes: acquiring parameter information of the plate to be cut, the parameter information including at least the type and thickness of the plate; acquiring cutting parameters of the laser cutting machine based on the parameter information, the cutting parameters including at least the cutting speed range and initial height range of the cutting head relative to the plate, the type of cutting gas such as oxygen, and the scanning cycle range of the laser cutting machine; adjusting the first speed to be within the cutting speed range, adjusting the first height to be within the height range, and adjusting the scanning cycle to be within the scanning cycle range based on the parameter information and the cutting parameters. The purpose of controlling the cutting speed, cutting head height, and scanning cycle is to ensure laser cutting quality while rapidly adjusting the height of the cutting head.

[0061] In this embodiment, the distance sensor installed on the cutting head begins real-time detection when the cutting head starts cutting. The initial state is used to determine that the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height. After cutting begins, the sensor detects the protrusions or depressions on the plate surface along the cutting path in real time so as to adjust the height of the cutting head in real time. In this embodiment, when the distance between the cutting head and the plate changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there are protrusions or depressions on the cutting surface of the plate, which means that the height of the cutting head needs to be adjusted.

[0062] To ensure cutting quality, in a preferred embodiment, after determining that there are raised or recessed areas on the cutting surface of the sheet metal, before executing the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the sheet metal, the method further includes: obtaining the time point when the distance between the cutting head and the sheet metal changes, and determining whether the scanning cycle of the laser cutting machine is within a preset number of scanning cycles based on the time point. If so, the cutting head is maintained at the first height. The preset number of scanning cycles refers to the first few scanning cycles after the cutting head begins cutting. The scanning cycle is determined by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The PLC's operation includes two parts: a fixed process for self-diagnosis and communication response, and a user program execution process. Before each execution of the user program, the PLC first executes internal fixed programs such as fault self-diagnosis, reset, monitoring, and timing. If the self-diagnosis is normal, it continues scanning downwards. Then, the PLC checks for communication requests with the programmer, computer, etc. If there are communication requests with the computer, etc., it processes them accordingly. When the PLC is in the STOP state, only the first two processes are repeated. When the PLC is in the RUN state, it cycles through five working stages: internal processing, communication operation, input scanning, execution of user programs, and output refresh. The time required to complete each of these five stages is called a scan cycle. In this preferred embodiment, during the first few scan cycles after the cutting head starts working, the cutting head is maintained at the first height, that is, the nozzle height is kept constant. The nozzle height of the cutting head is not adjusted according to the actual distance between the cutting head and the material. The purpose is to ensure stable perforation and complete cutting through the material in the initial stage of cutting, and to ensure that the cutting effect is not affected by perforation slag.

[0063] In some embodiments, before the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in a direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes: determining whether the change in the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a first preset value; if the first preset value is not reached, maintaining the cutting head at the first height. For cases where the spacing change is small, the height adjustment of the cutting head is skipped directly, thereby ensuring cutting efficiency.

[0064] In some embodiments, after the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes: determining whether the second height is the limit height for adjusting the cutting head; if so, determining whether the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a second preset value; if the duration of reaching the second preset value exceeds a preset duration, stopping the cutting head from cutting the plate and outputting an alarm prompt. For cases where protrusions or depressions caused by slag or rust are large, after adjusting the height of the cutting head, if the distance between the cutting head and the plate is too large, it may not be able to cut through; if the distance is too small, slag or other protrusions may collide with the cutting head, causing equipment damage. In this case, if the height of the cutting head cannot be adjusted further, processing needs to be stopped to ensure processing quality and equipment safety.

[0065] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate material specifically includes:

[0066] Step S201: Determine the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing, and determine the initial adjustment direction and initial adjustment range based on the change value;

[0067] Step S202: Perform a preliminary adjustment based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range. After the adjustment, the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the middle adjustment height.

[0068] Step S203: Determine the adjustment direction of the next level based on the deviation between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and reduce the adjustment range to perform the next level adjustment, thereby updating the value of the intermediate adjustment height;

[0069] Step S204: Repeat the previous step until the adjusted distance between the cutting head and the plate material approaches the initial distance. At this time, the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height.

[0070] In this embodiment, assuming the machine parameters of the laser cutting machine meet preset conditions, during the process of the cutting beam cutting the plate to the starting point of the raised or recessed area, the cutting speed is V, and the nozzle height of the cutting head is H1, i.e., the first height. When the cutting beam passes through the raised or recessed area of ​​the plate from the starting point of the raised or recessed area, the cutting speed remains unchanged. The actual distance between the cutting head and the plate detected by the distance sensor is ΔH, which is different from the value of the initial distance (i.e., the first height). At this time, an instruction needs to be given to execute the cutting head lifting action so that ΔH approaches H1. For the specific process of adjusting the height of the cutting head, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3, Figure 3 The overall diagram illustrates the height adjustment trajectory of the cutting head (gray arrow pattern) passing through multiple protrusions (black square patterns), ensuring that the cutting effect closely resembles the effect of the cutting beam before reaching the protrusion's starting point when passing through these protrusions or depressions. In this embodiment, the adjustment of the cutting head's nozzle height is a slow, linear change, not a sudden jump. If the speed is too fast, resulting in a rapid change in height, it can cause overshoot of the cutting head, leading to a difference between the actual adjustment range and the initial adjustment range, requiring further height adjustment. Therefore, this embodiment employs a multi-stage adjustment method for both raising and lowering the cutting head's height. Assuming that after the first height adjustment, the cutting head is at an intermediate adjustment height, and the actual distance detected by the distance sensor is ΔH = H2 (H2 > H1), a second height adjustment is needed. After the second height adjustment, the value of the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head changes, and the actual distance detected by the distance sensor becomes ΔH = H3 (H3 > H1). (H1), a fourth adjustment is needed. After repeating this adjustment N times, the final actual distance ΔH measured by the distance sensor is equal to H1 or the difference between H1 and the preset value is less than the preset value. The height adjustment is then complete, and the value at the midpoint of the adjusted height of the cutting head at this point is the second height. The above adjustment process can be referenced.<h1> Figure 4 An exemplary curve showing the change in nozzle height of the cutting head as it passes over a protrusion in the cutting material during the cutting process.

[0071] In the process described above, by repeatedly adjusting the actual distance ΔH between the cutting head and the board to make ΔH approach H1, the proportional element in the PID (Proportional, Integral, Differential) adjustment of the laser cutting machine can be reduced. This reduces the steady-state error of the system output, lowers the peak value of the overshoot during each cutting head lift, and reduces the fluctuation of the cutting head lift. This results in a relatively stable height curve for cutting the raised parts of the board surface. This embodiment effectively ensures the consistency of the smoothness of the cut surface between the raised and non-raised areas of the board surface. Figure 5 The diagram shows a comparison of the processing effects of the processed product of this application and existing processed products. On the left side of the diagram, the existing processed product has a deeper and rougher processing texture on the cut surface, while the processed product of this application on the right side has a smoother and finer cut surface, resulting in higher cutting quality.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The aforementioned storage medium can be a non-volatile storage medium such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM).

[0073] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0074] Further reference Figure 6 As a response to the above Figure 1 The present application provides an embodiment of a laser cutting control device for sheet metal, which is similar to the method shown. Figure 1 Corresponding to the method embodiment shown, the device can be specifically applied to laser cutting of various thick plates or rusty plates.

[0075] Specifically, the marking and cutting device provided in this application includes a cutting control module 61, a detection module 62, and a height control module 63, wherein:

[0076] The cutting control module 61 is used to cut the plate at a first speed in a direction parallel to the plate, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the plate; the detection module 62 is used to detect the distance between the cutting head and the plate in real time on the cutting path by a distance sensor disposed on the cutting head, and when the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height; the height control module 63 is used to adjust the cutting head from the first height to a second height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in a direction perpendicular to the plate, and after the adjustment is completed, the cutting head continues to cut the plate; and when the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the raised or recessed area, it is used to adjust the cutting head from the second height back to the first height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in a direction perpendicular to the plate, and the cutting head continues to cut the plate.

[0077] In this embodiment, the height control module 63 includes a height adjustment unit and a height correction unit. The height adjustment unit is used to determine the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing, and determine the initial adjustment direction and initial adjustment range based on the change value; perform a primary adjustment based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range, after which the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to an intermediate adjustment height; the height correction unit is used to determine the next level of adjustment direction based on the deviation value between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and reduce the adjustment range, thereby performing the next level of adjustment and updating the value of the intermediate adjustment height; until the spacing between the adjusted cutting head and the board material approaches the initial spacing, at which point the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height.

[0078] In this embodiment, the control device further includes a judgment module, which is used to obtain the time point when the distance between the cutting head and the plate changes before the height control module adjusts the cutting head from the first height to the second height in a stepwise adjustment manner in the direction perpendicular to the plate. Based on the time point, the module determines whether the scanning cycle of the laser cutting machine is within a preset number of scanning cycles. If so, the height control module maintains the cutting head at the first height.

[0079] In this embodiment, the judgment module is further configured to determine, before the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate, whether the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a first preset value; if the first preset value is not reached, the cutting head is maintained at the first height.

[0080] In this embodiment, the judgment module is further configured to, after the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the board material, determine whether the second height is the limit height of the cutting head adjustment; if so, determine whether the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a second preset value; if the duration of reaching the second preset value exceeds a preset duration, then the cutting control module 61 stops the cutting head from cutting the board material and outputs an alarm prompt.

[0081] In this embodiment, the device further includes a parameter configuration module, used to acquire parameter information of the plate to be cut before the step of cutting the plate at a first speed with the cutting head of the laser cutting machine in a direction parallel to the plate, the parameter information including at least the type and thickness of the plate; acquire cutting parameters of the laser cutting machine based on the parameter information, the cutting parameters including at least the cutting speed range and initial height range of the cutting head relative to the plate, the type of cutting gas, and the scanning cycle range of the laser cutting machine; adjust the first speed to be within the cutting speed range, adjust the first height to be within the height range, and adjust the scanning cycle to be within the scanning cycle range based on the parameter information and the cutting parameters.

[0082] The specific process of each module performing the relevant operations and the corresponding beneficial effects in this embodiment can be found in the above method embodiment, and will not be described again.

[0083] This embodiment uses a multi-level height adjustment method to smoothly adjust the cutting head in the uneven areas of the cutting path, achieving stable cutting control. It can achieve fine processing for thick plates with uneven surfaces, resulting in a delicate texture on the cut surface and improving cutting quality.

[0084] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a laser cutting machine, wherein the laser cutter includes a laser. Figure 7 This is a basic structural block diagram of the laser in this embodiment.

[0085] The laser 70 includes a memory 71 and a processor 72 that are communicatively connected to each other via a system bus. It should be noted that only the laser 70 with components 71-72 is shown in the figure; however, it should be understood that it is not required to implement all the shown components, and more or fewer components can be implemented instead. Those skilled in the art will understand that the laser 70 can automatically perform laser processing according to pre-set or stored instructions, and its hardware includes, but is not limited to, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), embedded devices, etc.

[0086] The laser 70 can be used for human-computer interaction through other devices such as keyboards, mice, remote controls, touchpads, or voice-controlled devices.

[0087] The memory 71 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, including flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 71 may be an internal storage unit of the laser 70. In other embodiments, the memory 71 may also be an external storage device of the laser 70. Of course, the memory 71 may include both the internal storage unit of the laser 70 and its external storage device. In this embodiment, the memory 71 is typically used to store operating code installed on the laser 70, such as program code for a laser cutting method of sheet metal. In addition, the memory 71 may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0088] In some embodiments, the processor 72 may be a central processing unit (CPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data processing chip. The processor 72 is typically used to control the overall operation of the computer device 70. In this embodiment, the processor 72 is used to run program code stored in the memory 71 or process data, for example, to run program code for a laser cutting method of the sheet metal.

[0089] This application also provides another embodiment, namely, a computer-readable storage medium storing a marking and cutting program, which can be executed by at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to perform the steps of the marking and cutting method as described above.

[0090] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0091] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this application, but do not limit the patent scope of this application. This application can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for laser cutting sheet metal, applied to a laser cutting machine, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The laser cutting machine's cutting head is used to cut the material at a first speed in a direction parallel to the material, wherein the laser cutting machine's cutting head is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the material. The distance sensor installed on the cutting head detects the distance between the cutting head and the plate in real time along the cutting path. When the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height. In a stepwise adjustment method perpendicular to the board material, the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the second height at a second speed. After the adjustment is completed, the cutting head continues to cut the board material. When the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the protruding or recessed area, it adjusts the cutting head from the second height back to the first height at a second speed in a stepwise adjustment manner in the direction perpendicular to the board, and makes the cutting head continue to cut the board. Repeat the above steps until the board cutting is complete; The step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in the direction perpendicular to the plate material specifically includes: Determine the change in the spacing relative to the initial spacing, and determine the initial adjustment direction and initial adjustment range based on the change value; A preliminary adjustment is performed based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range, after which the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the intermediate adjustment height; The adjustment direction for the next level is determined based on the deviation between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and the adjustment range is reduced. This is used to perform the next level of adjustment and update the value of the intermediate adjustment height. Repeat the previous step until the distance between the adjusted cutting head and the plate material approaches the initial distance. At this point, the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height. Before the last adjustment, the adjustment directions of two adjacent adjustments are opposite, and the intermediate adjustment height obtained by one adjustment is greater than the second height, while the intermediate adjustment height obtained by the other adjustment is less than the second height.

2. The laser cutting method for sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in a direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes: The time point at which the distance between the cutting head and the plate changes is obtained, and based on the time point, it is determined whether the scanning cycle of the laser cutting machine is within a preset number of scanning cycles. If so, the cutting head is kept at the first height.

3. The laser cutting method for sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in a direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes: Determine whether the change in the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a first preset value. If it does not reach the first preset value, maintain the cutting head at the first height.

4. The laser cutting method for sheet metal according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of adjusting the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed using a graded adjustment method in a direction perpendicular to the plate, the method further includes: Determine whether the second height is the limit height that the cutting head can adjust. If so, determine whether the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing reaches a second preset value. If the duration of reaching the second preset value exceeds a preset duration, stop the cutting head from cutting the board and output an alarm prompt.

5. The laser cutting method for sheet metal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Before the step of cutting the sheet material at a first speed with the cutting head of the laser cutting machine in a direction parallel to the sheet material, the method further includes: Obtain parameter information of the board to be cut, wherein the parameter information includes at least the type and thickness of the board; The cutting parameters of the laser cutting machine are obtained based on the parameter information. The cutting parameters include at least the cutting speed range and initial height range of the cutting head relative to the plate, the cutting gas type, and the scanning cycle range of the laser cutting machine. Based on the parameter information and the cutting parameters, the first speed is adjusted to be within the cutting speed range, the first height is adjusted to be within the height range, and the scanning cycle is adjusted to be within the scanning cycle range.

6. A laser cutting control device for sheet metal, characterized in that, include: A cutting control module is used to cause the cutting head of a laser cutting machine to cut the sheet material at a first speed in a direction parallel to the sheet material, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is initially at a first height relative to the surface of the sheet material; The detection module is used to detect the distance between the cutting head and the plate in real time on the cutting path by means of a distance sensor set on the cutting head. When the distance changes relative to the initial distance, it is determined that there is a raised or recessed area on the cutting surface of the plate, wherein the initial distance between the cutting head and the plate is equal to the first height. The height control module is used to adjust the cutting head from the first height to the second height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in the direction perpendicular to the material, and after the adjustment is completed, to allow the cutting head to continue cutting the material; and is used to adjust the cutting head back from the second height to the first height at a second speed in a step-by-step adjustment in the direction perpendicular to the material when the distance sensor detects that the cutting head has passed through the protruding or recessed area, and to allow the cutting head to continue cutting the material. The height control module includes: A height adjustment unit is used to determine the change value of the spacing relative to the initial spacing, determine the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range based on the change value, and perform a primary adjustment based on the initial adjustment direction and the initial adjustment range, after which the cutting head is adjusted from the first height to the intermediate adjustment height; The height correction unit is used to determine the adjustment direction of the next level based on the deviation value between the intermediate adjustment height and the first height, and to reduce the adjustment amplitude to perform the next level adjustment, thereby updating the value of the intermediate adjustment height; until the distance between the adjusted cutting head and the plate material approaches the initial distance, at which point the intermediate adjustment height of the cutting head is the second height, wherein before the last adjustment, the adjustment directions of two adjacent adjustments are opposite, and the intermediate adjustment height obtained by one adjustment is greater than the second height, while the intermediate adjustment height obtained by the other adjustment is less than the second height.

7. A laser cutting machine, characterized in that, The method includes a laser, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the laser cutting method for a sheet metal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the laser cutting method for the sheet metal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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