A support-free installation method for cantilevered triangular plane truss structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a support-free installation method of a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure, comprising the following steps: step S1, first vertically installing an independent umbrella-shaped column at a designed position; step S2, welding a main truss docking piece to the top of a short column; step S3, welding a limit stiffening baffle plate on the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column, and the limit stiffening baffle plate corresponds to a square tube docking with an upper chord rod for installing an oblique main truss; step S4, using a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically hoist two groups of positive main trusses in opposite side directions in sequence, and after the positive main trusses are hoisted, the positive main trusses are preliminarily limited, and then welded and fixed; step S5, using a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically hoist two groups of oblique main trusses in opposite side directions in sequence, and after the oblique main trusses are hoisted, the oblique main trusses are preliminarily limited, and then welded and fixed. The invention has the advantages of greatly saving construction cost, shortening installation period, high installation efficiency, low cost, reasonable installation steps, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cantilever structure installation, and in particular relates to a support-free installation method of a cantilever triangular plane truss structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the umbrella-shaped cantilever structure is generally installed by setting up a cradle. In the construction environment with a small site, the traditional solution of setting up and installing the cradle is difficult to meet the needs of on-site assembly and transportation. Especially for the solution of using a truck crane to the floor, the site is small, and a small truck crane should be selected as much as possible to reduce the impact on the concrete floor, while meeting the truss lifting requirements. However, installing the cradle will limit the layout of the truck crane position, making it difficult to coordinate the assembly site and the truck crane position and lifting site, resulting in the inability to install the umbrella-shaped cantilever structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support, which does not require a frame for support and installation, and solves the problem that a frame is currently used to install an umbrella-shaped cantilever structure when the site is narrow, resulting in the inability to coordinate the assembly site and the lifting site of the automobile crane.

[0004] To this end, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a cantilever triangular plane truss structure without support installation method, the cantilever triangular plane truss structure includes four groups of positive main trusses and four groups of oblique main trusses arranged at intervals from the positive main trusses, the positive main trusses and the oblique main trusses both include main truss upper chord rods, main truss web rods and main truss lower chord rods, including the following steps:

[0005] Step S1, first vertically install an independent umbrella-shaped column at the designed position, and place a car crane symmetrically around the independent umbrella-shaped column;

[0006] Step S2, welding the main truss docking piece to the top of the short column, the main truss docking piece includes a mounting tube located at the bottom and vertically facing downward to dock with the short column, an upper chord docking square tube located at the top and extending horizontally outward to dock with the upper chord of the main truss, and a web docking square tube located just below the upper chord docking square tube and extending obliquely downward to dock with the web of the main truss, and then hoisting the short column to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column by a car crane, and finally vertically welding the bottom of the short column to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column;

[0007] Step S3, welding a limited stiffening baffle on the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column, and the limited stiffening baffle corresponds to the upper chord connecting square tube for installing the oblique main truss; then welding an obtuse inverted "L"-shaped support frame on the independent umbrella-shaped column directly below the limited stiffening baffle, the top of the support frame extends obliquely upward, and forms a support frame for the lower chord of the main truss of the oblique main truss with the limited stiffening baffle;

[0008] Step S4, using a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically hoist two groups of positive main trusses in opposite directions in sequence, and after the positive main trusses are hoisted, the inner ends of the upper chord rods and the web rods of the main trusses are respectively inserted into the upper chord rod docking square tubes and the web rod docking square tubes in the corresponding directions to perform preliminary positioning of the positive main trusses, and then the intersection of the inner ends of the positive main trusses is welded to fix them;

[0009] Step S5, using a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically hoist the two groups of oblique main trusses in opposite sides in sequence, and after the oblique main trusses are hoisted, the inner ends of the upper chord rods and the web rods of the main trusses are respectively inserted into the upper chord rod docking square tubes and the web rod docking square tubes in the corresponding directions, and the lower chord rods of the main trusses are correspondingly placed between the limiting stiffening baffles and the support frames to perform preliminary limiting of the oblique main trusses, and then the intersections of the inner ends of the oblique main trusses are welded to fix them.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, in step S4, lifting ears are provided at the tops of the two connection intersections of the upper chord of the main truss of the positive main truss, and the automobile crane uses two steel cables with hooks to hook the lifting ears for lifting. The position is reasonable, the connection intersection structure is strong, the lifting ears are easy to hook, and the stability and safety of the lifting are guaranteed.

[0011] It is further preferred that in the step S5, before the automobile crane is used for lifting, one end of the connecting rod is welded at the innermost connection intersection of the upper chord of the main truss of the oblique main truss, and the outermost connection intersection, the innermost connection intersection and the top of the other end point of the connecting rod of the upper chord of the main truss of the oblique main truss are all provided with lifting ears, and then three steel cables with hooks are used to fix the three lifting ears respectively for lifting. The lifting position is reasonable, the structural strength of the connection intersection is large, and the lifting ears are convenient to hook, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the lifting; when the oblique main truss is initially limited, the other end of the connecting rod is overlapped at the inner connection intersection of the upper chord of the main truss of the adjacent positive main truss, and then the other end point of the connecting rod is welded and fixed to the positive main truss, and the cantilevered triangular plane truss reaches the initial spatial structural system at high altitude for the first time, thereby playing the role of transforming the triangular plane truss from plane stability to overall spatial stability. The design is ingenious and greatly increases the structural stability.

[0012] It is further preferred that in the step S4, an auxiliary positioning plate is across the joint between the square tube where the upper chord of the main truss and the upper chord are connected, and then the elevation of the positive main truss is adjusted by measurement and a manual hoist, and the auxiliary positioning plate is welded and positioned, and then the joint is fully welded to reinforce the joint, and then the hooked steel cable is loosened. The auxiliary positioning plate is usually only used in the welding of ship plates or large steel plates, and has a plate-like structure. The left and right bottoms are respectively welded to two objects to be welded, so as to ensure the flatness of the weld. It is applied to the joint between the square tube where the upper chord of the main truss and the upper chord are connected, and the square tubes where the upper chord of the main truss and the upper chord are connected are fixed at both ends of the bottom for auxiliary positioning. After the initial positioning, the elevation of the positive main truss can be fine-tuned, which is ingenious in conception and innovative in application.

[0013] It is further preferred that in the step S5, after the initial positioning of the oblique main truss, the joints between the upper chord of the main truss and the square tube of the upper chord, as well as the limiting stiffening baffle and the lower chord of the main truss are initially positioned with auxiliary positioning horse plates, and then the elevation of the oblique main truss is adjusted by measurement and a manual hoist, the auxiliary positioning horse plates are welded for positioning and then the joints are fully welded and reinforced, and then the hooked steel cables are loosened to ensure that the elevation of the oblique main truss can be finely adjusted when the oblique main truss is initially positioned. The conception is novel and the application is innovative.

[0014] It is further preferred that two auxiliary positioning horse plates are arranged at intervals on the left, right and top of the joint where the upper chord of the main truss and the upper chord square tube are connected, and the two upper auxiliary positioning horse plates are spot welded first, then the elevation of the positive main truss is fine-tuned, and finally the left and right auxiliary positioning horse plates are welded for positioning.

[0015] Further preferably, the auxiliary positioning horse plate is cut off and ground after the joint is fully welded and reinforced, so as to avoid the auxiliary positioning horse plate affecting the use of the cantilevered triangular plane truss in the later stage.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] (1) Compared with the installation of the cantilever triangular plane truss by setting up a cradle, which results in the inability to coordinate the assembly site and the lifting site of the truck crane, this solution optimizes the installation of the cradle and realizes the unsupported installation of the cantilever triangular plane truss through the main truss docking parts, which greatly saves construction costs, shortens the installation period, and has high installation efficiency. It effectively avoids the problem of being unable to coordinate the assembly site and the lifting site of the truck crane due to the small site during the process of lifting the truss on the floor by the truck crane.

[0018] (2) The installation tube of the main truss docking piece is docked with the short column, the upper chord docking square tube extends outward to dock with the upper chord of the main truss, and the web docking square tube is located directly below the upper chord docking square tube and extends obliquely downward to dock with the web of the main truss. The forward main truss and the oblique main truss can be assembled and spliced ​​together by only one component. The structure is exquisite and the cost is significantly lower than that of building a tire frame.

[0019] (3) First, use a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically lift the two sets of positive main trusses on the opposite sides in sequence, and then use a truck crane to synchronously and symmetrically lift the two sets of oblique main trusses on the opposite sides in sequence. Symmetrical lifting facilitates the balance of gravity on the left and right sides, and the structure is stable during the installation process. Since the oblique main truss is heavier than the positive main truss, the positive main truss needs to be installed first, from light to heavy, and the installation steps are reasonable.

[0020] To sum up, it has the advantages of greatly saving construction costs, shortening installation period, high installation efficiency, low cost, and reasonable installation steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of lifting the oblique main truss in step S5 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the assembled cantilever triangular plane truss structure.

[0023] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the assembled cantilever triangular plane truss structure.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main truss joint parts.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the forward main truss.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of point C.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 DD direction schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Combination Figure 1 — Figure 7 As shown, a method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support is provided. The cantilevered triangular plane truss structure mainly comprises four groups of positive main trusses a and four groups of oblique main trusses b spaced apart from the positive main trusses a.

[0030] The forward main truss a and the oblique main truss b both include a main truss upper chord 5, a main truss web 6 and a main truss lower chord 7. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0031] Step S1, first vertically install an independent umbrella-shaped column 1 at a designed position, and arrange a car crane 2 symmetrically around the independent umbrella-shaped column 1.

[0032] Step S2, welding the main truss butt joint 3 to the top of the short column 4.

[0033] The main truss docking piece 3 is composed of a mounting tube 31 located at the bottom and vertically facing downward to dock with the short column 4, an upper chord docking square tube 32 located at the top and extending horizontally outward to dock with the upper chord 5 of the main truss, and a web docking square tube 33 located directly below the upper chord docking square tube 32 and extending obliquely downward to dock with the web 6 of the main truss.

[0034] Then, the short column 4 is hoisted to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column 1 by the automobile crane 2, and finally the bottom of the short column 4 is vertically welded to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column 1.

[0035] Step S3, welding a limiting stiffening baffle 8 on the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column 1, and the limiting stiffening baffle 8 corresponds to the upper chord connecting square tube 32 used for installing the oblique main truss b.

[0036] Then, a blunt-angle inverted "L"-shaped support frame 10 is welded on the independent umbrella-shaped column 1 directly below the limiting stiffening baffle 8. The top of the support frame 10 extends obliquely upward and forms a support frame for the main truss lower chord 7 of the oblique main truss b together with the limiting stiffening baffle 8.

[0037] Step S4, using the automobile crane 2 to synchronously and symmetrically hoist the two groups of positive main trusses a in opposite sides in sequence, and after the positive main truss a is hoisted, the inner ends of the main truss upper chord 5 and the main truss web 6 are respectively inserted into the corresponding directions of the upper chord butt joint square tube 32 and the web butt joint square tube 33 to perform preliminary positioning of the positive main truss a, and then the intersection of the inner ends of the positive main truss a is welded to fix it.

[0038] In step S4, lifting ears are provided at the tops of the two connection intersections of the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss of the positive main truss a, and the automobile crane 2 uses two hooked steel cables to respectively hook the lifting ears for lifting.

[0039] In step S4, the joint between the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss and the upper chord rod butting square tube 32 is spanned by an auxiliary positioning horse plate 9, and then the elevation of the positive main truss a is adjusted by measurement and manual hoist, the auxiliary positioning horse plate 9 is welded and positioned, and then the joint is fully welded to reinforce it, and then the hooked steel cable is released.

[0040] Two auxiliary positioning plates 9 are arranged at intervals on the left, right and top of the joint where the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss is connected to the square tube 32 of the upper chord rod. At the beginning, the two auxiliary positioning plates 9 on the top are spot welded, and then the elevation of the positive main truss a is fine-tuned, and finally the auxiliary positioning plates 9 on the left and right are welded for positioning.

[0041] Step S5, using the automobile crane 2 to synchronously and symmetrically hoist the two groups of oblique main trusses b in opposite sides in sequence, and after the oblique main truss b is hoisted, the inner ends of the main truss upper chord 5 and the main truss web 6 are respectively inserted into the upper chord docking square tube 32 and the web docking square tube 33 in the corresponding directions, and the main truss lower chord 7 is correspondingly placed between the limiting stiffening baffle 8 and the support frame 10, and the oblique main truss b is initially limited, and then the intersection of the inner ends of the oblique main truss b is welded to fix it.

[0042] In step S5, before the automobile crane 2 lifts, one end of the connecting rod 51 is welded at the innermost connection intersection of the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss of the oblique main truss b, and the outermost connection intersection, the innermost connection intersection and the top of the other end of the connecting rod 51 of the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss of the oblique main truss b are all provided with lifting ears, and then three steel cables with hooks are used to fix the three lifting ears respectively for lifting.

[0043] After the oblique main truss b is initially limited, the other end of the connecting rod 51 is overlapped at the inner connection intersection of the main truss upper chord 5 of the adjacent positive main truss a, and then the other end of the connecting rod 51 is welded and fixed to the positive main truss a.

[0044] In step S5, after the inclined main truss b is initially limited, the joint between the upper chord 5 of the main truss and the square tube 32 of the upper chord, as well as the limiting stiffening baffle 8 and the lower chord 7 of the main truss are equipped with auxiliary positioning horse plates 9 for initial positioning, and then the elevation of the inclined main truss b is adjusted by measurement and manual hoist, and the auxiliary positioning horse plates 9 are welded to position and then the joint is fully welded to reinforce it, and then the hooked steel cable is released.

[0045] Two auxiliary positioning plates 9 are arranged at intervals on the left, right and top of the joint where the upper chord rod 5 of the main truss is connected to the square tube 32 of the upper chord rod. At the beginning, the two auxiliary positioning plates 9 on the top are spot welded, and then the elevation of the positive main truss a is fine-tuned, and finally the auxiliary positioning plates 9 on the left and right are welded for positioning.

[0046] The auxiliary positioning plate 9 is cut and ground after the joint is fully welded and reinforced.

Claims

1. A method for installing a cantilever triangular plane truss structure without support, the cantilever triangular plane truss structure comprising four groups of positive main trusses (a) and four groups of oblique main trusses (b) spaced apart from the positive main trusses (a), the positive main trusses (a) and the oblique main trusses (b) both comprising a main truss upper chord (5), a main truss web (6) and a main truss lower chord (7), characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, first vertically install an independent umbrella-shaped column (1) at a designed position, and symmetrically place a car crane (2) around the independent umbrella-shaped column (1); Step S2, welding the main truss docking piece (3) to the top of the short column (4), the main truss docking piece (3) comprising a mounting tube (31) located at the bottom and vertically facing downward to dock with the short column (4), an upper chord docking square tube (32) located at the top and extending horizontally outward to dock with the main truss upper chord (5), and a web docking square tube (33) located just below the upper chord docking square tube (32) and extending obliquely downward to dock with the main truss web (6), then hoisting the short column (4) to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column (1) by a car crane (2), and finally vertically welding the bottom of the short column (4) to the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column (1); Step S3, welding a limiting stiffening baffle (8) on the top of the independent umbrella-shaped column (1), and the limiting stiffening baffle (8) corresponds to the upper chord connecting square tube (32) used to install the oblique main truss (b) up and down; then welding an obtuse inverted "L"-shaped support frame (10) on the independent umbrella-shaped column (1) directly below the limiting stiffening baffle (8), the top of the support frame (10) extends obliquely upward, and forms a support frame for supporting the lower chord (7) of the main truss of the oblique main truss (b) together with the limiting stiffening baffle (8); Step S4, using a car crane (2) to synchronously and symmetrically hoist two groups of positive main trusses (a) in opposite sides in sequence, and after the positive main trusses (a) are hoisted, the inner ends of the upper chord rods (5) and the web rods (6) of the main trusses are respectively inserted into the corresponding upper chord rod docking square tubes (32) and web rod docking square tubes (33) to perform preliminary positioning of the positive main trusses (a), and then the intersection of the inner ends of the positive main trusses (a) is welded to fix them; Step S5, using a car crane (2) to synchronously and symmetrically hoist two groups of oblique main trusses (b) in opposite directions in sequence, and after the oblique main trusses (b) are hoisted, the inner ends of the upper chord rods (5) and the web rods (6) of the main trusses are respectively inserted into the upper chord rod docking square tubes (32) and the web rod docking square tubes (33) in the corresponding directions, and the lower chord rods (7) of the main trusses are correspondingly arranged between the limiting stiffening baffles (8) and the support frame (10), and the oblique main trusses (b) are initially limited, and then the intersection of the inner ends of the oblique main trusses (b) is welded to fix them.

2. The method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S4, lifting ears are provided at the tops of the two connection intersections of the main truss upper chord (5) of the positive main truss (a), and the automobile crane (2) uses two hooked steel cables to respectively hook the lifting ears for lifting.

3. The method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, before the automobile crane (2) lifts, one end of the connecting rod (51) is welded to the innermost connection intersection of the main truss upper chord (5) of the oblique main truss (b), and the outermost connection intersection, the innermost connection intersection and the top of the other end of the connecting rod (51) of the main truss upper chord (5) of the oblique main truss (b) are all provided with lifting ears, and then three hooked steel cables are used to fix the three lifting ears respectively for lifting, and after the oblique main truss (b) is initially limited, the other end of the connecting rod (51) is overlapped at the inner connection intersection of the main truss upper chord (5) of the adjacent positive main truss (a), and then the other end of the connecting rod (51) is welded and fixed to the positive main truss (a).

4. The method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the joint between the upper chord (5) of the main truss and the square tube (32) of the upper chord is spanned by an auxiliary positioning plate (9), and then the elevation of the positive main truss (a) is adjusted by measurement and a manual hoist, and the auxiliary positioning plate (9) is welded to position and then the joint is fully welded to reinforce it, and then the hooked steel cable is released.

5. The method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, after the inclined main truss (b) is initially limited, the joint between the upper chord (5) of the main truss and the square tube (32) of the upper chord, as well as the limit stiffening baffle (8) and the lower chord (7) of the main truss are equipped with auxiliary positioning horse plates (9) for initial positioning, and then the elevation of the inclined main truss (b) is adjusted by measurement and a manual hoist, and the auxiliary positioning horse plates (9) are welded and positioned, and then the joint is fully welded to reinforce it, and then the hooked steel cable is released.

6. A method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Two auxiliary positioning plates (9) are arranged at intervals on the left, right and top of the joint between the upper chord rod (5) of the main truss and the upper chord rod butting square tube (32), and the two upper auxiliary positioning plates (9) are spot welded first, then the elevation of the positive main truss (a) is finely adjusted, and finally the left and right auxiliary positioning plates (9) are welded for positioning.

7. The method for installing a cantilevered triangular plane truss structure without support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary positioning plate (9) is cut and ground flat after the joint is fully welded and reinforced.

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