A gunite machine and method of gunite

Abstract

The application provides a shotcreting machine and a shotcreting method thereof, the shotcreting machine comprising a main frame, a storage tank and two groups of feeding and discharging units, the feeding and discharging unit comprising a first power mechanism, a piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, a connecting mechanism, a blocking mechanism and a second power mechanism; the first power mechanism is connected with the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism; the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank through the connecting mechanism; the second power mechanism is connected with the blocking mechanism and is used for driving the blocking mechanism to move to block the communication port between the connecting mechanism and the storage tank or to open the communication port between the connecting mechanism and the storage tank; the switching mechanism is arranged between the connecting mechanisms of the two groups of feeding and discharging units, the switching mechanism is connected with the discharging pipe, and the switching mechanism is used for switching the connecting mechanism of one group of feeding and discharging units in the two groups of feeding and discharging units to be communicated with the discharging pipe. The shotcreting machine and the shotcreting method thereof provided by the application do not produce pulse and the spraying is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shotcrete technology, specifically, it relates to a shotcrete machine and a shotcrete method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Shotcrete machines are used to suck up various slurries such as mortar, paint, and mud, and push them to the outlet of the delivery pipe. Under the air pressure at the outlet, the slurry is sent to the spray gun, and then the material is sprayed onto the surface of the support structure. This greatly reduces labor and significantly increases work efficiency. Currently, shotcrete machines on the market are mainly divided into two types: screw type and reciprocating piston type, but both have the following common problems:

[0003] (i) Currently available screw-type shotcrete machines produce uniform shotcrete, but the spray height is limited to only a dozen meters. This is because as the shotcrete height increases, the pressure also increases, making it prone to backflow from the spiral space formed by the screw blades, main shaft, and cylinder, as well as from the space between the screw blades and cylinder, thus affecting the spray height. Furthermore, they experience significant wear and have a very short service life.

[0004] (ii) Currently, there are two types of reciprocating piston shotcrete machines: hydraulic and mechanical. The shotcrete is sprayed high, but the spray is uneven and the pulse is large. The reasons are as follows:

[0005] 1) The hydraulic directional valve of the hydraulic shotcrete machine has a delayed response time. For hydraulic shotcrete machines, when the two cylinders are alternately discharging material, the directional valve inevitably has a response time after receiving the directional control command. The switching time is 0.25-0.30s, resulting in intermittent pauses and pulses.

[0006] 2) Insufficient slurry intake efficiency. Because the gradation of slurry materials such as mortar may not fully meet the design requirements, the intake of slurry is insufficient, and the intake efficiency is usually between 80% and 90%, resulting in flow interruption and pulse.

[0007] 3) Compressibility of the slurry. When the shotcrete machine draws the slurry into the cylinder through the piston, and after venting, the piston discharges the slurry again. Because the slurry has a certain degree of compressibility, a short empty stroke will occur, generating a pulse.

[0008] 4) Inlet and outlet control valves are prone to crossflow and blockage. Currently, most inlet and outlet control valves on the market use the suction force of the cylinder and the thrust of the piston to move the upper and lower balls within the slurry to control the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet. Each inlet and outlet unit requires two balls. Due to the poor fluidity of the balls within the slurry, the balls cannot control the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet in a timely manner, resulting in crossflow and pulses. Prolonged crossflow will cause some of the pushed-out material to return to the cylinder, and the moisture will be continuously squeezed, gradually accumulating and becoming more and more compacted, eventually leading to blockage.

[0009] 5) The current market uses S swing valve to swing back and forth to control the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of two groups of inlet and outlet units, the closing resistance and the movement resistance are too large; if the cutting ring (moving ring) and the glasses ring (fixed ring) of the S swing valve move back and forth under a large pressure and encounter hard objects, the cutting ring and the glasses ring are easy to be damaged; the cutting ring (moving ring) of the S swing valve needs a certain time to move from the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of one group of inlet and outlet units to the inlet and outlet of the cylinder of the other group of inlet and outlet units for closing and discharging, thereby causing flow interruption and very large pulse phenomenon.

[0010] 6) The mechanical spraying machine converts the rotary motion of the crankshaft into the linear motion of the piston. The rotary motion of the crankshaft from 0° to 180° converts the linear motion of the piston, which is always deceleration motion, and the linear motion speed of the piston is always changing, which is extremely unstable and produces pulse phenomenon. SUMMARY

[0011] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a spraying machine and a spraying method thereof, which do not produce pulse and spray uniformly.

[0012] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0013] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a spraying machine, comprising a main frame, a storage tank and two groups of inlet and outlet units installed on the main frame, wherein the inlet and outlet units comprise a first power mechanism, a piston type inlet and outlet mechanism, a connecting mechanism, a blocking mechanism and a second power mechanism;

[0014] The first power mechanism is connected with the piston type inlet and outlet mechanism and is used to drive the piston type inlet and outlet mechanism to suck out material; the piston type inlet and outlet mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank through the connecting mechanism; the second power mechanism is connected with the blocking mechanism and is used to drive the blocking mechanism to move to block or open the communication port between the connecting mechanism and the storage tank; the connecting mechanisms of the two groups of inlet and outlet units are provided with a switching mechanism, the switching mechanism is connected with the discharge pipe, and the switching mechanism is used to switch the connecting mechanism of one group of inlet and outlet units in the two groups of inlet and outlet units to be communicated with the discharge pipe.

[0015] As a further improvement of the embodiments of the present application, the connecting mechanism comprises a first cylinder, one end of the first cylinder is a feeding port, the other end is a material supplementing port, and the side wall of the first cylinder is further provided with a discharging port; the feeding port of the first cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank, the material supplementing port of the first cylinder is communicated with the piston type inlet and outlet mechanism, and the discharging port of the first cylinder is communicated with the switching mechanism.

[0016] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the plugging mechanism comprises a first plugging body, a second plugging body and a third plugging body connected in sequence, and the third plugging body is connected with the second power mechanism; the first plugging body is semispherical, and the second plugging body and the third plugging body are both cylindrical; the plugging mechanism further comprises a bowl-shaped sealing ring and a second sealing ring with a taper; the end of the second plugging body connected with the first plugging body is provided with a first sealing ring groove, the bowl-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the first sealing ring groove, and the opening of the bowl-shaped sealing ring faces the second plugging body; the end of the second plugging body connected with the third plugging body is provided with a second sealing ring groove, the second sealing ring is embedded in the second sealing ring groove, and the large-diameter end of the second sealing ring is located on one side of the third plugging body; the diameters of the first plugging body, the second plugging body and the small-diameter end of the second sealing ring are all smaller than the diameter of the feed inlet of the first cylinder body, and the diameters of the large-diameter end of the second sealing ring and the third plugging body are both larger than the diameter of the feed inlet of the first cylinder body; the second power mechanism is further used to drive the plugging mechanism to move so as to push the slurry in the connecting mechanism into the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism.

[0017] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the switching mechanism comprises a second cylinder body, both ends of the second cylinder body are provided with end covers with feed holes, and the side wall of the second cylinder body is provided with a discharge port; the two end covers are connected with the connecting mechanisms of the two groups of feeding and discharging units respectively; a guide cage is arranged in the inner cavity of the second cylinder body along the axial direction thereof, and a ball is arranged in the guide cage; if the ball is located at one end of the guide cage, the connecting mechanism of the feeding and discharging unit connected at the end is not communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder body, and the connecting mechanism of the feeding and discharging unit connected at the other end is communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder body.

[0018] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the first power mechanism adopts a servo electric cylinder, a stepping electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder; and the second power mechanism adopts a servo electric cylinder, a stepping electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the connecting mechanism is installed on the side wall of the storage tank, and the connecting mechanism and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism are both horizontally and obliquely arranged, and the end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism connected with the connecting mechanism is higher than the end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism connected with the first power mechanism.

[0020] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the application, the connecting mechanism is installed below the bottom of the storage tank, and the connecting mechanism and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism are both vertically arranged.

[0021] As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present application, the connecting mechanism is installed below the bottom of the storage tank, and the connecting mechanism and the storage tank are communicated through a bend pipe; the connecting mechanism and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism are both horizontally arranged; or, the connecting mechanism and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism are both obliquely arranged, and the end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism connected with the connecting mechanism is higher than the end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism connected with the first power mechanism.

[0022] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a spraying method of the spraying machine, including the following steps:

[0023] The two groups of feeding and discharging units are cooperated, in the process of discharging of one group of feeding and discharging units, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the blocking mechanism, the suction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the feeding of the blocking mechanism, the blocking and the return of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism; when the one group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units starts the discharging; the two groups of feeding and discharging units are alternately discharged to realize the uninterrupted continuous discharging.

[0024] In the third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a spraying method of the spraying machine, including the following steps:

[0025] The two groups of feeding and discharging units are cooperated, in the process of discharging of one group of feeding and discharging units, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the blocking mechanism, the suction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the return and emptying of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the blocking and the return and compaction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism; when the one group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units starts the discharging; the two groups of feeding and discharging units are alternately discharged to realize the uninterrupted continuous discharging.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Two groups of feeding and discharging units are arranged, a switching mechanism is arranged between the two groups of feeding and discharging units and the discharging pipe to switch, through the cooperation of the two groups of feeding and discharging units, when the first group of feeding and discharging units discharges, the second group of feeding and discharging units retreats the blocking mechanism, sucks, empties, blocks and compacts, and when the first group of feeding and discharging units stops discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts discharging, the first group of feeding and discharging units retreats the blocking mechanism, sucks, empties, blocks and compacts, and the two groups of feeding and discharging units are alternately circulated to suck and discharge, so as to realize uninterrupted discharging, without pulse, uniform continuous discharging and uniform spraying.

[0028] (2) Each group of inlet and outlet units, a connecting mechanism is arranged between the storage tank and the piston inlet and outlet mechanism, when the piston inlet and outlet mechanism sucks, the slurry in the storage tank enters the piston inlet and outlet mechanism through the connecting mechanism, after the piston inlet and outlet mechanism finishes sucking, the piston inlet and outlet mechanism is emptied to prevent the cylinder from not being completely filled when sucking, and the slurry in the cylinder is filled after emptying, so that there is no empty stroke and no pulse when discharging, ensuring continuous discharge of the slurry; then the sealing mechanism is driven by the second power mechanism to move towards the connecting mechanism and block the slurry in the piston inlet and outlet mechanism, so that the connecting mechanism is not communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank, preventing the slurry from flowing back into the storage tank when the piston inlet and outlet mechanism discharges. When the piston inlet and outlet mechanism finishes discharging, the sealing mechanism is driven by the second power mechanism to separate from the connecting mechanism, so that the connecting mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank, so that the piston inlet and outlet mechanism can suck.

[0029] (3) Two groups of inlet and outlet units are arranged, and a switching mechanism is arranged between the two groups of inlet and outlet units and the discharge pipe to switch, through the cooperation of the two groups of inlet and outlet units, when the first group of inlet and outlet units discharges, the second group of inlet and outlet units retreats, sucks, replenishes, blocks and compacts, and when the first group of inlet and outlet units stops discharging, the second group of inlet and outlet units starts discharging, the first group of inlet and outlet units retreats, sucks, replenishes, blocks and compacts, so that the two groups of inlet and outlet units alternately suck and discharge, so as to realize uninterrupted discharge, no pulse, uniform and continuous discharge, and uniform jet.

[0030] (4) The sealing mechanism has a first sealing body, a second sealing body and a third sealing body, after the piston inlet and outlet mechanism finishes sucking, the first sealing body and the second sealing body enter the connecting mechanism under the drive of the second power mechanism, the first sealing body and the reversely installed bowl-shaped sealing ring together push the slurry in the connecting mechanism into the piston inlet and outlet mechanism, to supplement the insufficient slurry in the piston inlet and outlet mechanism; after the piston inlet and outlet mechanism is filled with slurry, the sealing mechanism continues to move forward, so that the excess slurry in the connecting mechanism flows back into the storage tank through the bowl-shaped sealing ring and the gap between the connecting mechanism and the second sealing body; the sealing mechanism continues to move forward, the tapered surface of the second sealing ring contacts the inlet of the connecting mechanism, preventing and blocking the excess slurry from flowing out, to realize the sealing function.

[0031] (5) In each group of feeding and discharging units, a connecting mechanism is arranged between the storage tank and the piston feeding and discharging mechanism. When the piston feeding and discharging mechanism sucks the slurry, the slurry in the storage tank enters the piston feeding and discharging mechanism through the connecting mechanism. After the piston feeding and discharging mechanism finishes sucking the slurry, the blocking mechanism is driven by the second power mechanism to move to and enter the connecting mechanism, so as to push the slurry in the connecting mechanism into the piston feeding and discharging mechanism, supplement the slurry in the piston feeding and discharging mechanism, and block the slurry in the piston feeding and discharging mechanism. Before blocking, the excess slurry in the connecting mechanism flows back to the storage tank through the gap between the blocking mechanism and the inner cavity of the connecting mechanism, so that the suction rate of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism reaches 100%, no empty stroke is generated, no pulse is generated, and continuous slurry discharge is ensured. At the same time, the blocking mechanism makes the connecting mechanism not communicate with the inner cavity of the storage tank, so as to prevent the slurry from flowing back to the storage tank when the piston feeding and discharging mechanism discharges. After the piston feeding and discharging mechanism finishes discharging, the blocking mechanism is driven by the second power mechanism to separate from the connecting mechanism, so as to make the connecting mechanism communicate with the inner cavity of the storage tank, so as to suck the slurry.

[0032] (6) The switching mechanism adopts a passive structure and does not need a driving mechanism to drive switching. Instead, the pressure of the slurry when a group of piston feeding and discharging mechanisms discharges is used to push the ball to quickly move to the communicating port between the blocking mechanism on the opposite side and another group of piston feeding and discharging mechanisms. At the same time, the suction force generated when another group of piston feeding and discharging mechanisms suck the slurry further makes the ball stably stay at the communicating port, so as to realize switching of the storage of the two groups of piston feeding and discharging mechanisms. The structure is simple, the switching time is quick, no gap pause is generated, and no pulse is generated.

[0033] (7) A damping mechanism is arranged on the discharging pipe. When normally discharging, the slurry in the third cylinder always generates a certain pressure to press the piston downward, the air or spring under the piston is compressed, and the pressure of the slurry above the piston and the pressure of the air below the piston are balanced. Once a pulse is generated due to uncertain factors when discharging, the pressure difference is formed between the upper and lower pistons, and the compressed air or spring below the piston pushes the piston to move upward to supplement the slurry, so as to eliminate the pulse.

[0034] (8) The first power mechanism adopts a servo cylinder, a stepping cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder to drive the piston feeding and discharging mechanism to suck and discharge the slurry, so that the discharging pressure is large and the feeding is high. The second power mechanism adopts a servo cylinder, a stepping cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder to drive the blocking mechanism to move to supplement and block the slurry and switch the opening state, so that the switching time is quick, no gap pause is generated, and no pulse is generated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a slurry spraying machine of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2is a structure schematic view of the plugging mechanism in the shotcreting machine of the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a structure explosion schematic view of the switching mechanism in the shotcreting machine of the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a structure schematic view of the damping mechanism in the shotcreting machine of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a structure schematic view of the shotcreting machine of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a structure schematic view of the shotcreting machine of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 (a) is the first working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 1 (b) is the second working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 7 (c) is the third working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 1 (d) is the fourth working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 7 (e) is the fifth working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 1 (f) is the sixth working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 7 (g) is the seventh working state diagram of the shotcreting machine shown in Figure 1 Figure 7 Figure 1 Figure 7 Figure 1 Figure 7 Figure 1

[0042] In the figure, there are: a main frame 10, a storage tank 20, a first power mechanism 31, 41, a piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, 42, a fourth cylinder body 321, a piston 322, a piston rod 323, a connecting mechanism 33, 43, a plugging mechanism 34, 44, a first plugging body 341, a second plugging body 342, a third plugging body 343, a bowl type sealing ring 344, a second sealing ring 345, a second power mechanism 35, 45, a first support seat 36, a switching mechanism 50, a second cylinder body 501, a discharging port 5011, a cleaning port 5012, an end cover 502, a guide cage 503, a ball 504, a cover 505, a discharging pipe 60, a damping mechanism 70, a third cylinder body 701, a pipe impact pipe 702, a buffer piston 703, and a spiral mixer 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] ​​​​​​​The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit this disclosure, its application, or its uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts and features.

[0045] This invention provides a shotcrete machine, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a main frame 10, a storage bin 20 mounted on the main frame 10, and two sets of feeding and discharging units. The two sets of feeding and discharging units have identical structures. Each set includes a first power mechanism 31, a piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, a connecting mechanism 33, a sealing mechanism 34, and a second power mechanism 35. One end of the connecting mechanism 33 is mounted on the storage bin 20 and communicates with the inner cavity of the storage bin. The other end of the connecting mechanism 33 is connected to the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, thus allowing the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to communicate with the inner cavity of the storage bin 20 via the connecting mechanism 33. Preferably, the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are coaxially arranged. The shotcrete machine in this embodiment also includes a discharge pipe 60. The connecting mechanism 33 of the two sets of feeding and discharging units is connected to the discharge pipe 60 via a switching mechanism 50. The switching mechanism 50 is used to switch between the two sets of feeding and discharging units. When the connecting mechanism of one set of feeding and discharging units is connected to the discharge pipe 60, the connecting mechanism of the other set of feeding and discharging units is not connected to the discharge pipe 60.

[0046] In each feeding / discharging unit, the first power mechanism 31 is mounted on the main frame 10 via the first support base 36. The piston-type feeding / discharging mechanism 32 adopts an existing structure, specifically, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the mechanism includes a fourth cylinder 321, a piston 322, and a piston rod 323. The piston 322 is sealed within the fourth cylinder 321 and connected to the end of the piston rod 323. One end of the fourth cylinder 321 of the piston-type feeding / discharging mechanism 32 is connected to the connecting mechanism 33, and the other end is mounted on the first support base 36. The first power mechanism 31 is drively connected to the piston rod 323 of the piston-type feeding / discharging mechanism 32. The first power mechanism 31 drives the piston rod 323 to move the piston 322 within the fourth cylinder 321, thereby drawing slurry from the storage tank into the fourth cylinder via the connecting mechanism 33, and pushing slurry from the fourth cylinder into the discharge pipe 60 via the connecting mechanism 33 and the switching mechanism 50, thus realizing the feeding / discharging of material by the piston-type feeding / discharging mechanism 32. Preferably, the moving direction of the sealing mechanism 34 is consistent with the axial direction of the connecting mechanism 33.

[0047] The second power mechanism 35 is installed on the storage box 20 and connected to the sealing mechanism 34 located inside the storage box 20. It is used to drive the sealing mechanism 34 to move to block the feed port of the connecting mechanism 33, so that the connecting mechanism is not connected to the inner cavity of the storage box, or to open the feed port of the connecting mechanism 33, so that the connecting mechanism is connected to the inner cavity of the storage box.

[0048] The connecting mechanism 33 comprises a first cylinder, one end of which is a feeding port and the other end is a replenishing port. The side wall of the first cylinder is further provided with a discharging port. The feeding port of the first cylinder is in communication with the inner cavity of the storage tank 20, the replenishing port of the first cylinder is in communication with the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, and the discharging port of the first cylinder is in communication with the switching mechanism 50. Preferably, the discharging port of the first cylinder is close to the replenishing port. When the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 discharges, the slurry directly flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the replenishing port and the discharging port, preventing part of the slurry from remaining in the first cylinder and reducing the amount of discharged slurry. The feeding port and the discharging port of the first cylinder are at a certain distance, so that the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 can store a certain amount of slurry when it is sucking. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes sucking, the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 can be sufficiently replenished under the action of the sealing mechanism 34 to reach the full state, so that there is no empty stroke and no pulse, ensuring continuous discharge of the slurry.

[0049] The sealing mechanism 34 has various structural forms, and two structures are provided in this embodiment.

[0050] The first preferred structure, as shown in Figure 2 The sealing mechanism 34 comprises first, second and third sealing bodies 341, 342 and 343 connected in sequence, a bowl-shaped sealing ring 344 and a second sealing ring 345 with a taper. The first, second and third sealing bodies 341, 342 and 343 are integrated and connected with the push rod of the second power mechanism 35 through the threads at the tail of the third sealing body 343. The first sealing body 341 is hemispherical, which can reduce the resistance of the slurry when the sealing mechanism 34 moves close to the connecting mechanism 33. The second and third sealing bodies 342 and 343 are cylindrical. The end of the second sealing body 342 connected with the first sealing body 341 is provided with a first sealing ring groove, and the bowl-shaped sealing ring 344 is embedded in the first sealing groove, with the opening of the bowl-shaped sealing ring 344 facing the second sealing body 342. The end of the second sealing body 342 connected with the third sealing body 343 is provided with a second sealing ring groove, and the second sealing ring 345 is embedded in the second sealing ring groove, with the large-diameter end of the second sealing ring 345 located on one side of the third sealing body 343. The diameters of the first sealing body 341, the second sealing body 342 and the small-diameter end of the second sealing ring 345 are all smaller than the diameter of the feeding port of the first cylinder, and the diameters of the large-diameter end of the second sealing ring 345 and the third sealing body 343 are both larger than the diameter of the feeding port of the first cylinder. The second power mechanism 35 is further used to drive the sealing mechanism 34 to move to push the slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 into the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32.

[0051] The embodiment adopts the sealing mechanism with the first sealing body 341, the second sealing body 342 and the third sealing body 343. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes feeding, the sealing mechanism 34 moves to the direction of the connecting mechanism 33 under the driving of the second power mechanism 35. Then the first sealing body 341 and the second sealing body 342 enter the first cylinder of the connecting mechanism 33. The first sealing body 341 and the reversely installed bowl type sealing ring 344 jointly push the slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 into the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, so as to supplement the insufficient slurry in the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism. When the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is filled with slurry, the sealing mechanism continues to move forward, so that the surplus slurry in the connecting mechanism flows back into the storage tank 20 through the bowl type sealing ring 344 and the gap between the inner wall of the first cylinder and the second sealing body 342. The sealing mechanism continues to move forward, the tapered surface of the second sealing ring 345 contacts the feeding port of the connecting mechanism, so as to prevent and seal the surplus slurry from flowing out, and realize the sealing function.

[0052] Preferably, the third sealing body 343 connected with the second power mechanism 35 is provided with a taper at one end. When the sealing mechanism 34 moves away from the connecting mechanism 33, the taper at the end of the third sealing body 343 at the front end can reduce the resistance of the slurry. Preferably, the feeding port of the first cylinder is provided with a tapered surface or a circular arc chamfer matched with the second sealing ring 345. The reversely installed bowl type sealing ring 344 can enter the first cylinder, and can be tightly attached to the second sealing ring 345, so as to improve the sealing effect.

[0053] The shotcreting machine of the above embodiment is provided with a connecting mechanism 33 between the storage tank 20 and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 in each feeding and discharging unit. When the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is sucking, the slurry in the storage tank 20 enters the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 through the connecting mechanism 33. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes sucking, the blocking mechanism 34 is driven by the second power mechanism 35 to move close to the connecting mechanism 33 and enter the connecting mechanism 33, so as to push the slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 into the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32, replenish the slurry in the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, and block the slurry in the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, so that the suction rate of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 reaches 100%, no empty stroke is generated, no pulse is generated, and continuous slurry discharging is ensured. At the same time, the blocking mechanism 34 makes the connecting mechanism 33 not communicate with the inner cavity of the storage tank, so as to prevent the slurry from flowing back to the storage tank 20 when the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is discharging. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes discharging, the blocking mechanism 34 is driven by the second power mechanism 35 to separate from the connecting mechanism 33, so as to make the connecting mechanism 33 communicate with the inner cavity of the storage tank, so as to enable the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to suck. The shotcreting machine of the above embodiment is provided with two groups of feeding and discharging units, and the two groups of feeding and discharging units are provided with a switching mechanism 50 to switch. Through the cooperation of the two groups of feeding and discharging units, when the first group of feeding and discharging units is discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units is in the position of blocking mechanism retreat, sucking, replenishing, blocking and compacting. When the first group of feeding and discharging units stops discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts to discharge, and the first group of feeding and discharging units starts to be in the position of blocking mechanism retreat, sucking, replenishing, blocking and compacting. The two groups of feeding and discharging units are alternately circulated to suck and discharge, so as to realize uninterrupted discharging, no pulse is generated, uniform continuous discharging is realized, and uniform spraying is realized.

[0054] In the second preferred structure, the blocking mechanism 34 comprises a third blocking body, which is in a cylindrical shape. One end of the third blocking body is connected with the push rod of the second power mechanism 35, and the other end is provided with a second sealing ring with a taper. The small-diameter end of the second sealing ring is away from the second power mechanism 35. The diameter of the large-diameter end of the second sealing ring and the third blocking body is greater than the diameter of the feeding port of the first cylinder body.

[0055] The blocking mechanism 34 of the embodiment cannot enter the first cylinder body. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes sucking, the blocking mechanism 34 is driven by the second power mechanism 35 to move close to the connecting mechanism 33. The tapered surface of the second sealing ring 345 contacts the feeding port of the connecting mechanism, so as to realize the blocking function.

[0056] The shotcreting machine of the above embodiment is provided with a connecting mechanism between the storage tank and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism. When the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism sucks the material, the slurry in the storage tank enters the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism through the connecting mechanism. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism finishes sucking the material, the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism is emptied to prevent the cylinder from not being fully filled when sucking the material, and the slurry in the cylinder is filled after being emptied, so that no empty stroke and pulse are generated when discharging the material, and continuous discharge of the slurry is ensured. Then, the second power mechanism drives the blocking mechanism to move towards the connecting mechanism and block the slurry in the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, so that the connecting mechanism is not communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank, and the slurry is prevented from flowing back into the storage tank when the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism discharges the material. After the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism finishes discharging the material, the second power mechanism drives the blocking mechanism to separate from the connecting mechanism, so that the connecting mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank, and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism sucks the material. The shotcreting machine of the above embodiment is provided with two groups of feeding and discharging units, and a switching mechanism is arranged between the two groups of feeding and discharging units and the discharge pipe to switch. Through the cooperation of the two groups of feeding and discharging units, when the first group of feeding and discharging units discharges the material, the second group of feeding and discharging units retreats the blocking mechanism, sucks the material, empties, blocks and compacts. When the first group of feeding and discharging units stops discharging the material, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts discharging the material, and the first group of feeding and discharging units retreats the blocking mechanism, sucks the material, empties, blocks and compacts. Thus, the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately suck and discharge the material, so that uninterrupted discharge is realized, no pulse is generated, and uniform and continuous discharge is realized, and the spraying is uniform.

[0057] As a preferred example, as shown in Figure 3 The switching mechanism 50 includes a second cylinder 501, and the two ends of the second cylinder 501 are respectively provided with end covers 502 with feeding holes. The side wall of the second cylinder 501 is provided with a discharge port 5011 and a cleaning port 5012, and a sealing gasket is detachably connected to the cleaning port 5012 to seal the cleaning port 5012. The two end covers 502 are respectively threadedly connected to the connecting mechanisms 33 of the two groups of feeding and discharging units. The connecting mechanisms 33 are communicated with the inner cavities of the second cylinder 501 through the feeding holes of the end covers. The discharge port 5011 of the second cylinder 501 is communicated with the discharge pipe 60, so that the connecting mechanisms are communicated with the discharge pipe 60 through the switching mechanism 50. A guide cage 503 is arranged in the inner cavity of the second cylinder 501 along the axial direction of the second cylinder 501. A ball 504 is arranged in the guide cage 503. When the ball 504 is located at one end of the guide cage, the connecting mechanism 33 of the feeding and discharging unit connected to the end is not communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder 501, and is not communicated with the discharge pipe 60. The connecting mechanism of the feeding and discharging unit connected to the other end is communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder 501, and is communicated with the discharge pipe 60. Preferably, the second cylinder 501 is horizontally arranged, and the discharge port 5011 of the second cylinder 501 faces downward, so as to facilitate discharging.

[0058] In this embodiment, the switching mechanism adopts a passive structure, that is, it does not require a drive mechanism to achieve switching. Instead, it uses the pressure of the slurry when one set of piston-type feeding and discharging mechanisms discharges material to make the ball block the connection between the ball and another set of piston-type feeding and discharging mechanisms. At the same time, the pressure generated when the other set of piston-type feeding and discharging mechanisms sucks material further stabilizes the ball at the connection point, thereby realizing the switching of material discharge between the two sets of piston-type feeding and discharging mechanisms. The structure is simple, the switching time is rapid, there is no gap or pause, and no pulse is generated.

[0059] As a preferred example, such as Figure 1 As shown, one end of the discharge pipe 60 is connected to the switching mechanism 50, and the other end is connected to the shock absorption mechanism 70. The shock absorption mechanism 70 has various structural forms; this embodiment provides two preferred structures.

[0060] The first structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the shock absorption mechanism 70 includes a third cylinder 701, one end of which is connected to the discharge pipe 60, and the other end is connected to the spray pipe. A buffer port is provided on the side wall of the third cylinder 701, and a closed-end pipe 702 is connected to the buffer port. A buffer piston 703 is provided inside the buffer pipe 702. The third cylinder 701 is horizontally positioned, and the buffer pipe 702 is vertically positioned.

[0061] The second structure includes a shock-absorbing mechanism 70 comprising a third cylinder 701, one end of which is connected to the discharge pipe 60, and the other end to the spray pipe. The side wall of the third cylinder 701 has a buffer port, to which a closed-end pipe 702 is connected. A piston 703 is located inside the buffer pipe 702, and a spring is provided between the piston and the bottom of the buffer pipe 702. The bottom of the buffer pipe 702 also has an air vent. The third cylinder 701 is horizontally positioned, and the buffer pipe 702 is vertically positioned.

[0062] In this embodiment, a shock-absorbing mechanism is installed on the discharge pipe. During normal discharge, the slurry in the third cylinder 701 continuously generates a certain pressure that pushes the piston downward. The air or spring under the piston is compressed, and the pressure above and below the piston remains balanced. Once a pulse is generated during discharge due to uncertain factors, a pressure difference is formed between the upper and lower parts of the piston. The compressed air or spring below will push the piston upward to replenish the slurry, thereby eliminating the pulse.

[0063] As a preferred example, such as Figure 1 As shown, both the first power mechanism 31 and the second power mechanism 35 employ servo electric cylinders or stepper electric cylinders. Servo electric cylinders have a large thrust, driving the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism for material discharge, resulting in high discharge pressure and high feeding height. Furthermore, servo electric cylinders have a fast response, driving the sealing mechanism for replenishing material for sealing or opening, ensuring rapid switching without gaps or pauses, and without generating pulses.

[0064] Alternatively, the first power mechanism 31 and the second power mechanism 35 are both hydraulic cylinders. In order to facilitate the accurate control of the piston of the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism to move to the preset position, the hydraulic cylinder is a piston-type hydraulic oil cylinder.

[0065] Alternatively, the first power mechanism 31 is a servo cylinder or a step cylinder, and the second power mechanism 35 is a hydraulic cylinder. Alternatively, the first power mechanism 31 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the second power mechanism 35 is a servo cylinder or a step cylinder.

[0066] The gunite machine of the embodiment can adopt three installation forms, which are horizontal type, vertical type and vertical type. However, no matter which form is adopted, the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are coaxially arranged.

[0067] The first one is horizontal type, as shown in Figure 1 The connecting mechanism 33 is installed on the side wall of the storage tank 20, and the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are both horizontally arranged. The storage tank is arranged at a low position, which is convenient for feeding.

[0068] Preferably, in order to facilitate feeding, the storage tank, the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are all arranged to be inclined, and the end of the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 connected with the connecting mechanism 33 is higher than the end connected with the first power mechanism. A conical screw stirrer 80 is arranged in the storage tank 20, and the screw stirrer 80 rotates to continuously stir the slurry in the storage tank, so as to ensure that the slurry quickly enters the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32.

[0069] The second one is vertical type, as shown in Figure 5 The connecting mechanism 33 is installed on the bottom of the storage tank 20, and the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are both vertically arranged. Since the connecting mechanism and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism are arranged below the storage tank, the slurry can fall into the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 by its own gravity during suction, which is convenient for the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to reach the full feeding state. A vibrator can be arranged on the outer side wall of the storage tank 20, which is convenient for feeding.

[0070] The third one is vertical type, as shown in Figure 6 The connecting mechanism 33 is installed on the bottom of the storage tank 20, and the connecting mechanism 33 and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 are both horizontally arranged, and the connecting mechanism 33 is communicated with the storage tank through a bend pipe. The connecting mechanism and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism are arranged below the storage tank, but the connecting mechanism and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism are arranged to be horizontal or inclined. Compared with the vertical type, the height of the storage tank 20 is lower, which is convenient for feeding, and compared with the horizontal type, it is easier to suck the slurry. A vibrator can be arranged on the outer side wall of the storage tank 20, which is convenient for feeding.

[0071] Figure 1The first power mechanism and the second power mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the gun are both servo electric cylinders, and the working process is as follows:

[0072] It should be noted that in each group of the feeding and discharging units, the fourth cylinder of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is provided with an empty position and a full position. The first power mechanism 31 drives the piston 322 of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism to move back and forth between the empty position and the full position in the cylinder. When the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is sucking, the piston 322 moves forward from the empty position to the full position. When the piston feeding and discharging mechanism is discharging, the piston moves reversely from the full position to the empty position. The movement away from the connecting mechanism is forward movement, and the movement towards the connecting mechanism is reverse movement. The blocking mechanism 34 is provided with an open position and a blocking position. When the blocking mechanism 34 is located at the open position, the connecting mechanism is in communication with the inner cavity of the storage tank. When the blocking mechanism is located at the blocking position, the first blocking body and the second blocking body of the blocking mechanism are located in the connecting mechanism, and the feeding port of the feeding structure is tightly attached to the second sealing ring, and the connecting mechanism is not in communication with the inner cavity of the storage tank.

[0073] It is assumed that in the initial state, the blocking mechanism 34 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is located at the blocking position, and the piston of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is located at the empty position in the fourth cylinder. The blocking mechanism 44 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is located at the blocking position, and the piston of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 42 is located at the full position in the fourth cylinder.

[0074] Start the gun, start the first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units, drive the piston 422 to move reversely in the fourth cylinder 421, and discharge. The slurry in the fourth cylinder of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the discharging port of the first cylinder of the connecting mechanism. The slurry entering the switching mechanism 50 pushes the ball to one end connected with the connecting mechanism of the first group of feeding and discharging units, so that the connecting mechanism of the first group of feeding and discharging units is not in communication with the switching mechanism 50. The slurry flows into the discharging pipe 60 from the outlet of the switching mechanism 50, and then flows into the gun pipe through the damping mechanism. In the third cylinder of the damping mechanism, the slurry always generates a relatively high pressure to press the piston downward, and the air below the piston is compressed, and the pressure of the slurry above the piston and the pressure of the air below the piston are balanced.

[0075] When the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units just starts to discharge, the second power mechanism 35 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is started to drive the blocking mechanism 34 to move to the open position, and then the first power mechanism 31 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is started to drive the piston 322 to move forward in the fourth cylinder 321, and to suck, such as Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7(b) shown. When the piston 322 reaches the full filling position, the second power mechanism 35 of the first group of the feeding and discharging units is opened, driving the blocking mechanism 34 to move from the open position to the blocking position. The first blocking body and the second blocking body enter the connecting mechanism, and the first blocking body and the reversely installed bowl-shaped sealing ring together push the slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 into the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32, to supplement the slurry in the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32. After the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is filled with slurry, the blocking mechanism 34 continues to move forward, so that the excess slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 flows back into the storage tank through the bowl-shaped sealing ring and the gap between the connecting mechanism and the second blocking body. The blocking mechanism 34 continues to move forward until it reaches the blocking position, at which time the tapered surface of the second sealing ring tightly fits the feeding port of the connecting mechanism 33, to block and seal the excess slurry, as shown in Figure 7 (c) shown.

[0076] The piston feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of the feeding and discharging units continues to discharge, and 0.05-0.30s before the second group of the feeding and discharging units stops discharging, the first power mechanism 31 of the first group of the feeding and discharging units is opened, driving the piston 322 to move reversely in the fourth cylinder 321, to discharge after compaction, as shown in Figure 7 (d). The slurry in the fourth cylinder of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of the feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the discharging port of the first cylinder of the connecting mechanism. The slurry entering the switching mechanism 50 pushes the ball to one end connected with the connecting mechanism of the second group of the feeding and discharging units, so that the connecting mechanism of the second group of the feeding and discharging units is not connected with the switching mechanism 50. The slurry flows from the outlet of the switching mechanism 50 into the discharging pipe 60, and then flows into the spraying pipe through the damping mechanism. In the third cylinder of the damping mechanism, the slurry always generates a relatively high pressure to press the piston downward, and the air below the piston is compressed, and the pressure of the slurry above the piston and the pressure of the air below the piston are balanced.

[0077] In the process of discharging of the piston feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of the feeding and discharging units, the second power mechanism 45 of the second group of the feeding and discharging units is opened, driving the blocking mechanism 44 to move to the open position until it reaches the open position. The first power mechanism 41 of the second group of the feeding and discharging units is opened, driving the piston 422 to move forward in the fourth cylinder 421, to suck the slurry, as shown in Figure 7(e) and (f) shown in Fig. 7. When the piston 422 reaches the full filling position, the second power mechanism 45 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is opened to drive the blocking mechanism 44 to move from the open position to the blocking position. The first blocking body and the second blocking body enter the connecting mechanism, and the first blocking body and the reversely mounted bowl-shaped sealing ring together push the slurry in the connecting mechanism into the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism to supplement the slurry in the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism. After the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism is filled with the slurry, the blocking mechanism continues to move forward to make the excess slurry in the connecting mechanism flow back into the storage tank through the bowl-shaped sealing ring and the gap between the connecting mechanism and the second blocking body. The blocking mechanism continues to move forward until it reaches the blocking position, at which time the tapered surface of the second sealing ring tightly fits the feeding port of the connecting mechanism to block and seal the excess slurry from flowing out, as shown in Figure 7 (g).

[0078] The piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units continues to discharge until 0.05-0.30 s before the first group of feeding and discharging units stops discharging, the first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is opened to drive the piston 422 to move reversely in the fourth cylinder body 421 to discharge after compaction.

[0079] In this way, the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge.

[0080] The embodiment of the present application provides a spraying method, which adopts a spraying machine with a first preferred structure of blocking mechanism, and comprises the following steps:

[0081] The two groups of feeding and discharging units cooperate, in the process of discharging of one group of feeding and discharging units, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the blocking mechanism, suction, supplement, blocking and compaction; when the one group of feeding and discharging units completes discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units starts discharging; so that the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge to realize continuous discharging without interruption.

[0082] Specifically, in the initial state, the blocking mechanism 34 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is located at the blocking position, and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is free of slurry. The blocking mechanism 44 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is located at the blocking position, and the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 is filled with slurry.

[0083] The first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is opened to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to discharge. The slurry in the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the connecting mechanism, at this time the switching mechanism 50 communicates with the connecting mechanism 43 of the second group of feeding and discharging units, but does not communicate with the connecting mechanism 33 of the first group of feeding and discharging units, and the slurry flows into the discharging pipe 60 through the switching mechanism 50.

[0084] When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units just starts to discharge, the second power mechanism 35 of the first group of feeding and discharging units drives the blocking mechanism 34 to move to the open position. The first power mechanism 31 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to suck the slurry. When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes sucking the slurry, the second power mechanism 35 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 34 to move from the open position to the blocking position. During the movement of the blocking mechanism 34, the slurry in the connecting mechanism 33 is pushed into the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to supplement the slurry. When the blocking mechanism 34 reaches the blocking position, the connecting mechanism 33 is blocked.

[0085] The piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units continues to discharge until 0.01-0.30 s before the discharge of the second group of feeding and discharging units is finished, the first power mechanism 31 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to compact the slurry. When the discharge of the second group of feeding and discharging units is finished, the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units discharges the slurry. The slurry in the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the connecting mechanism. At this time, the switching mechanism 50 is in communication with the connecting mechanism of the first group of feeding and discharging units, but not in communication with the connecting mechanism of the second group of feeding and discharging units, and the slurry flows into the discharge pipe 60 through the switching mechanism 50.

[0086] During the discharge of the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units, the second power mechanism 45 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 44 to move to the open position. The first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to suck the slurry. When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 finishes sucking the slurry, the second power mechanism 45 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 44 to move from the open position to the blocking position. During the movement of the blocking mechanism 44, the slurry in the connecting mechanism 43 is pushed into the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to supplement the slurry. When the blocking mechanism 44 reaches the blocking position, the connecting mechanism 43 is blocked.

[0087] The piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units continues to discharge until 0.01-0.30 s before the discharge of the first group of feeding and discharging units is finished, the first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to return to the compacting position. When the discharge of the first group of feeding and discharging units is finished, the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units discharges the slurry.

[0088] The two groups of feeding and discharging units are alternately discharged in this way.

[0089] The two groups of feeding and discharging units are matched, and in the process of discharging of the first group of feeding and discharging units, the second group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the sealing mechanism, the suction of the material, the supplement of the material, the sealing and the compaction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism. Once the first group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging or is about to complete the discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts to discharge, so that the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge to realize continuous discharging without interruption. Each group of feeding and discharging units cyclically executes the movement of the sealing mechanism to the open position, the forward movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to suck the material, the movement of the sealing mechanism to the sealing position to supplement the material, the movement of the sealing mechanism to the sealing position to seal, the reverse movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to compact, and the reverse movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to discharge. The supplement of the material is performed after the suction of the material to prevent the cylinder from not being fully filled with the material during the suction of the material, and the supplement of the material makes the material in the cylinder full to ensure uniform discharging.

[0090] Further preferably, the discharging time of each group of feeding and discharging units is equal to the sum of the retreat time of the sealing mechanism, the suction time of the material, the supplement time of the material, the sealing time and the compaction time, and the retreat time of the sealing mechanism, the suction time of the material, the supplement time of the material, the sealing time and the compaction time of the two groups of feeding and discharging units correspond to each other. Thus, it is ensured that the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the compaction at the same time when one group of feeding and discharging units ends the discharging, and immediately starts to discharge. Both groups of feeding and discharging units do not need to wait, which ensures continuous and uninterrupted supply of the material, and the material is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the support body through the spray gun.

[0091] The embodiment of the present application also provides a spraying method, which adopts a spraying machine with the sealing mechanism of the second preferred structure and includes the following steps.

[0092] The two groups of feeding and discharging units are matched, and in the process of discharging of the first group of feeding and discharging units, the second group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the sealing mechanism, the suction of the material, the supplement of the material, the sealing and the compaction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism. Once the first group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging or is about to complete the discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts to discharge, so that the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge to realize continuous discharging without interruption. Each group of feeding and discharging units cyclically executes the movement of the sealing mechanism to the open position, the forward movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to suck the material, the movement of the sealing mechanism to the sealing position to supplement the material, the movement of the sealing mechanism to the sealing position to seal, the reverse movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to compact, and the reverse movement of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism to discharge. The supplement of the material is performed after the suction of the material to prevent the cylinder from not being fully filled with the material during the suction of the material, and the supplement of the material makes the material in the cylinder full to ensure uniform discharging.

[0093] Specifically, in the initial state, the sealing mechanism 34 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is located at the sealing position, and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 is free of the material. The sealing mechanism 44 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is located at the sealing position, and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 is full of the material.

[0094] The first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is started to drive the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to discharge. The material in the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the connecting mechanism, at this time, the switching mechanism 50 is in communication with the connecting mechanism 43 of the second group of feeding and discharging units, and is not in communication with the connecting mechanism 33 of the first group of feeding and discharging units, and the material flows into the discharging pipe 60 through the switching mechanism 50.

[0095] When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units just starts to discharge, the second power mechanism 35 of the first group of feeding and discharging units drives the blocking mechanism 34 to move to the open position. The first power mechanism 31 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to perform suction. When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 finishes suction, the first power mechanism 31 drives the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to return to emptying. The second power mechanism 35 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 34 to move from the open position to the blocking position, and the blocking mechanism 34 reaches the blocking position to block the connecting mechanism 33.

[0096] The piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units continues to discharge until 0.01-0.30 s before the end of discharging, the first power mechanism 31 of the first group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 to perform compaction. When the second group of feeding and discharging units finishes discharging, the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units discharges. The slurry in the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units flows into the switching mechanism 50 through the connecting mechanism. At this time, the switching mechanism 50 is in communication with the connecting mechanism of the first group of feeding and discharging units, and is not in communication with the connecting mechanism of the second group of feeding and discharging units, and the slurry flows into the discharging pipe 60 through the switching mechanism 50.

[0097] During the discharging process of the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units, the second power mechanism 45 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 44 to move to the open position. The first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to perform suction. When the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 finishes suction, the first power mechanism 41 drives the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to return to emptying. The second power mechanism 45 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the blocking mechanism 44 to move from the open position to the blocking position, and the blocking mechanism 44 reaches the blocking position to block the connecting mechanism 43.

[0098] The piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 32 of the first group of feeding and discharging units continues to discharge until 0.01-0.30 s before the first group of feeding and discharging units finishes discharging, the first power mechanism 41 of the second group of feeding and discharging units is turned on to drive the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 to return to compaction. When the first group of feeding and discharging units finishes discharging, the piston-type feeding and discharging mechanism 42 of the second group of feeding and discharging units discharges.

[0099] In this way, the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternate to discharge.

[0100] The two groups of feeding and discharging units cooperate, the first group of feeding and discharging units discharges, and the second group of feeding and discharging units completes the processes of the blocking mechanism moving to the retreat position, sucking material, returning to empty, blocking, and compacting. Once the first group of feeding and discharging units completes discharging, the second group of feeding and discharging units starts discharging, so that the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge, realizing uninterrupted continuous discharging. Each group of feeding and discharging units cyclically executes the processes of the blocking mechanism moving to the retreat position, the piston moving forward to suck material, the piston moving backward to empty, the blocking mechanism moving to the blocking position, the piston moving backward to compact, and the piston moving backward to discharge. After the material is sucked, the emptying process is performed to prevent the cylinder from not being completely filled when the material is sucked, and the slurry in the cylinder is filled after emptying, so as to ensure uniform discharging.

[0101] Further preferably, the discharging time of each group of feeding and discharging units is equal to the sum of the blocking mechanism retreat time, the material sucking time, the emptying time, the blocking time, and the compacting time, and the blocking mechanism retreat time, the material sucking time, the emptying time, the blocking time, and the compacting time of the two groups of feeding and discharging units correspond to each other. Thus, it is ensured that when one group of feeding and discharging units ends discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes material sucking, emptying, blocking, and compacting, and immediately starts discharging, so that both groups of feeding and discharging units do not need to wait, ensuring continuous and uninterrupted slurry feeding, and the material is uniformly sprayed on the support body surface through the spray gun.

[0102] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the above specific embodiments and the description in the specification are only for further illustration of the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gun for applying a slurry, characterized in that, The application relates to a material feeding and discharging device, which comprises a main frame (10), a storage tank (20) and two groups of feeding and discharging units mounted on the main frame (10), wherein the feeding and discharging units comprise first power mechanisms (31, 41), piston type feeding and discharging mechanisms (32, 42), connecting mechanisms (33, 43), sealing mechanisms (34, 44) and second power mechanisms (35, 45). The first power mechanisms (31, 41) are connected with the piston type feeding and discharging mechanisms (32, 42) and used for driving the piston type feeding and discharging mechanisms (32, 42) to suck out materials; the piston type feeding and discharging mechanisms (32, 42) are communicated with the inner cavities of the storage tank (20) through the connecting mechanisms (33, 43); the second power mechanisms (35, 45) are connected with the sealing mechanisms (34, 44) and used for driving the sealing mechanisms (34, 44) to move so as to seal or open the communication ports between the connecting mechanisms (33, 43) and the storage tank (20); the connecting mechanisms (33, 43) of the two groups of feeding and discharging units are provided with switching mechanisms (50), the switching mechanisms (50) are connected with a discharging pipe (60), and the switching mechanisms (50) are used for switching the connecting mechanisms of one group of feeding and discharging units to be communicated with the discharging pipe (60); The sealing mechanisms (34, 44) comprise first sealing bodies (341), second sealing bodies (342) and third sealing bodies (343) connected in sequence, the third sealing bodies (343) are connected with the second power mechanisms (35, 45), the first sealing bodies (341) are semispherical, the second sealing bodies (342) and the third sealing bodies (343) are cylindrical, the sealing mechanisms (34, 44) further comprise bowl type sealing rings (344) and second sealing rings (345) with taper, one end of the second sealing bodies (342) connected with the first sealing bodies (341) is provided with a first sealing ring groove, the bowl type sealing rings (344) are embedded in the first sealing ring groove, and the openings of the bowl type sealing rings (344) face the second sealing bodies (342); one end of the second sealing bodies (342) connected with the third sealing bodies (343) is provided with a second sealing ring groove, the second sealing rings (345) are embedded in the second sealing ring groove, and the large-diameter ends of the second sealing rings (345) are located on one side of the third sealing bodies (343); the diameters of the first sealing bodies (341), the second sealing bodies (342) and the small-diameter ends of the second sealing rings (345) are all smaller than the diameter of a feeding port of a first cylinder body, the diameters of the large-diameter ends of the second sealing rings (345) and the third sealing bodies (343) are all larger than the diameter of the feeding port of the first cylinder body; and the second power mechanisms (35, 45) are further used for driving the sealing mechanisms (34, 44) to move so as to push slurry in the connecting mechanisms (33, 43) into the piston type feeding and discharging mechanisms (32, 42). The switching mechanism (50) comprises a second cylinder (501), both ends of the second cylinder (501) are respectively provided with end covers (502) with feeding holes, and the side wall of the second cylinder (501) is provided with a discharging port; the two end covers (502) are respectively connected with the connecting mechanisms (33, 43) of the two groups of feeding and discharging units; a guide cage (503) is arranged in the inner cavity of the second cylinder (501) along the axial direction thereof, and a ball (504) is arranged in the guide cage (503); if the ball (504) is located at one end of the guide cage, the connecting mechanism (33, 43) of the feeding and discharging unit connected with the end is not communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder (501), and the connecting mechanism (33, 43) of the feeding and discharging unit connected with the other end is communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder (501).

2. A gun as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that The connecting mechanism (33, 43) comprises a first cylinder, one end of the first cylinder is a feeding port, the other end is a feeding supplement port, and the side wall of the first cylinder is further provided with a discharging port; the feeding port of the first cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage tank (20), the feeding supplement port of the first cylinder is communicated with the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42), and the discharging port of the first cylinder is communicated with the switching mechanism (50).

3. The gun of claim 1 wherein, The first power mechanism (31, 41) adopts a servo electric cylinder, a stepping electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder; and the second power mechanism (35, 45) adopts a servo electric cylinder, a stepping electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

4. The gun of claim 1, wherein, The connecting mechanism (33, 43) is installed on the side wall of the storage tank (20), the connecting mechanism (33, 43) and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) are both horizontally and obliquely arranged, and one end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) connected with the connecting mechanism (33, 43) is higher than the other end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) connected with the first power mechanism.

5. The gun of claim 1 wherein, The connecting mechanism (33, 43) is installed below the bottom of the storage tank (20), and the connecting mechanism (33, 43) and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) are both vertically arranged.

6. The gun of claim 1 wherein, The connecting mechanism (33, 43) is installed below the bottom of the storage tank (20), and the connecting mechanism (33, 43) and the storage tank (20) are communicated through a bent pipe; the connecting mechanism (33, 43) and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) are both horizontally arranged; or the connecting mechanism (33, 43) and the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) are both obliquely arranged, and one end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) connected with the connecting mechanism (33, 43) is higher than the other end of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism (32, 42) connected with the first power mechanism.

7. A method of applying shotcrete with a shotcreting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: The two groups of feeding and discharging units cooperate, in the process of discharging of one group of feeding and discharging units, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreating of the sealing mechanism, the feeding of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the feeding supplement of the sealing mechanism, the sealing and the returning of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism; when the one group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units starts the discharging; the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge to realize the continuous discharging without interruption.

8. A method of applying shotcrete with a shotcreting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: The two groups of feeding and discharging units are matched, in the process of discharging of one group of feeding and discharging units, the other group of feeding and discharging units completes the retreat of the sealing mechanism, the suction of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the return and emptying of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism, the sealing and the return of the piston type feeding and discharging mechanism; when the one group of feeding and discharging units completes the discharging, the other group of feeding and discharging units starts the discharging; the two groups of feeding and discharging units alternately discharge to realize the continuous discharging without interruption.

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