Tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, which comprises an advanced pipe shed, which is arranged on the top of a tunnel face and is fixedly connected with the top arch part of an installed primary support, and a leading crescent cavity is arranged below the advanced pipe shed; an advanced top arch piece is arranged at the bottom of the leading crescent cavity and is matched with the top arch part of the primary support; an air bag is arranged above the advanced top arch piece and fills the leading crescent cavity, and an automatic exhaust valve is arranged on the air bag; a plurality of telescopic columns are arranged on the two sides of the advanced top arch piece along the direction of the tunnel, and the upper end of each telescopic column is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece, and the lower end is fixedly arranged on a mounting base. The advanced pipe shed, the air bag and the advanced top arch piece are matched with each other, so that the supporting effect is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction. More particularly, the present application relates to a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device. BACKGROUND

[0002] For soft surrounding rock of a tunnel, generally, advance support is performed before excavation to reinforce the surrounding rock, so as to avoid collapse of the rock mass during excavation and cause construction accidents. The existing methods for advance support of soft surrounding rock generally use advance small pipe grouting reinforcement and pipe shed reinforcement. However, the above two methods are greatly affected by the deformation of the surrounding rock during excavation, and the support capacity needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to provide a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device to solve the above problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the object and other advantages of the present application, a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device is provided, which comprises: an advance pipe shed arranged at the top of a tunnel face and fixedly connected with a top arch part of an installed primary support, a forward crescent cavity being formed below the advance pipe shed; an advance top arch piece arranged at the bottom of the forward crescent cavity and adapted to the top arch part of the primary support; an air bag arranged above the advance top arch piece and filling the forward crescent cavity, an automatic exhaust valve being arranged on the air bag; a plurality of telescopic columns arranged at both sides of the advance top arch piece along the tunnel direction, the upper end of each telescopic column being detachably connected with the advance top arch piece, and the lower end being fixedly arranged on a mounting base; wherein, as the tunnel is excavated, the telescopic columns are connected with the advance top arch piece when the connection part of the telescopic columns is exposed with the advance top arch piece; the advance top arch piece is lifted upward to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support when the advance top arch piece is completely exposed, and the height of the telescopic column is fixed.

[0005] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device, the advance pipe shed comprises a plurality of grouting steel pipes arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top arch part of the primary support, each grouting steel pipe is punched into the surrounding rock at an external insertion angle of 3-5°, the spacing between adjacent grouting steel pipes is 300-400mm, and the length of the grouting steel pipe is 3000mm.

[0006] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device, the central angle of the forward crescent cavity is 180°, the length is 3000mm, the maximum thickness is 280-320mm, and the minimum thickness is 50-70mm.

[0007] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device, the advance top arch piece is an arc-shaped steel plate, and the thickness is 77-85mm.

[0008] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, the air bag is made of rubber with a thickness of 20-30 mm, a pressure sensor is arranged in the air bag, and the pressure sensor is connected with the automatic exhaust valve.

[0009] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, the telescopic column comprises a first U-shaped steel sheet pile and a second U-shaped steel sheet pile sleeved in the first U-shaped steel sheet pile, the lower end of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile is fixed on the mounting base, the middle part is fixed with a first mounting plate, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile is fixed with a second mounting plate, the second mounting plate is opposite to and located above the first mounting plate, and the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece, wherein a support is detachably arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, the support column comprises a first column body and a second column body, the bottom of the first column body is provided with a first limiting column penetrating through the first mounting plate, the top of the first column body is fixed with a threaded column in the axial direction, the bottom of the second column body is provided with a threaded cavity matched with the threaded column, and the top of the second column body is provided with a second limiting column penetrating through the second mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, a plurality of connecting grooves are arranged on the two side bottom surfaces of the advanced top arch piece along the length direction and are spaced apart, each connecting groove is open on the side close to the tunnel and is fixed with a limiting steel mesh, and the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile extends into the connecting groove and is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece.

[0012] Preferably, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device, the advanced top arch piece is lifted upward to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support through the jacking trolley, the jacking trolley comprises a trolley body, a lifting platform and a hydraulic station fixed on the trolley body, a semicircular column-shaped mounting table fixed on the top of the lifting platform, and a plurality of hydraulic rods fixed on the mounting table at intervals, and the hydraulic station provides power for the lifting platform and the plurality of hydraulic rods.

[0013] The present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present application sets the advanced moon-shaped cavity below the advanced pipe shed, places the advanced top arch piece and the air bag in the advanced moon-shaped cavity, converts the local stress of the advanced pipe shed into the surface stress of the advanced top arch piece through the air bag, effectively inhibits the development of the surrounding rock deformation, and improves the supporting capacity; the telescopic column with a fixed height is arranged on the two sides below the advanced top arch piece, the telescopic column deforms while supporting the advanced top arch piece and moves upward with the advanced top arch piece, so that the advanced top arch piece is used as the top arch part of the primary support without changing the connecting structure, and the material cost and the construction cost are effectively reduced.

[0015] Other advantages, objects, and features of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a first construction state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a second construction state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 is a sectional structural schematic view of A-A in the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device;

[0018] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic view of B-B in the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device; Figure 1

[0019] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a third construction state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a fourth construction state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a fourth construction state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 is a sectional structural schematic view of the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in the fourth construction state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic view of a telescopic column according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9 is a partial structural schematic view of an initial support and an advanced crown piece of a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcing device in a first construction state according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be further described by embodiments and drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application according to the description and drawings.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain", and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0027] ​It should be noted that the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present application, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1-9 The present application provides a tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device, comprising: an advanced pipe shed 1 arranged at the top of a tunnel face 2 and fixedly connected with the top arch part of an installed primary support 3, a leading crescent cavity is formed below the advanced pipe shed 1; an advanced top arch piece 4 is arranged at the bottom of the leading crescent cavity and adapted to the top arch part of the primary support 3; an air bag 5 is arranged above the advanced top arch piece 4 and fills the leading crescent cavity, and an automatic exhaust valve is arranged on the air bag 5; a plurality of telescopic columns 6 are arranged on both sides of the advanced top arch piece 4 along the tunnel direction, the upper end of each telescopic column 6 is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece 4, and the lower end is fixedly arranged on a mounting base 7; wherein, as the tunnel is excavated, the telescopic column 6 is connected with the advanced top arch piece 4 when the connection part of the telescopic column 6 and the advanced top arch piece 4 is exposed; when the advanced top arch piece 4 is completely exposed, the advanced top arch piece 4 is lifted upward to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support 3, and the height of the telescopic column 6 is fixed.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device comprises an advanced pipe shed, an advanced top arch piece, an air bag and a plurality of telescopic columns. The advanced pipe shed is arranged at the top of a tunnel face and fixedly connected with the top arch part of an installed primary support, a leading crescent cavity is formed below the advanced pipe shed, the length of the leading crescent cavity and the advanced pipe shed along the tunnel direction is equal, and the bottom of the leading crescent cavity is parallel to the top arch part of the primary support; the advanced top arch piece is arranged at the bottom of the leading crescent cavity and adapted to the top arch part of the primary support, that is, when the advanced top arch piece is lifted upward to be located at the top of the leading crescent cavity, the advanced top arch piece can be used as the top arch part of the primary support; the air bag is arranged above the advanced top arch piece and fills the leading crescent cavity, and an automatic exhaust valve is arranged on the air bag, which can automatically exhaust according to the pressure inside the air bag; the plurality of telescopic columns are arranged on both sides of the advanced top arch piece below and are arranged in pairs along the tunnel direction, the upper end of each telescopic column is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece, and the lower end is fixedly arranged on a mounting base.

[0030] In use, first, the advanced pipe shed is arranged at the top arch area of the tunnel, and the advanced pipe shed is fixedly connected with the top arch part of the primary support which has been installed, then the advanced crescent cavity is excavated below the advanced pipe shed, the air bag is fixed on the advanced top arch piece, and the advanced top arch piece is placed at the bottom of the advanced crescent cavity, the air bag is inflated, the air bag fills the advanced crescent cavity, then the tunnel is excavated (first construction state), with the tunnel excavation, when the connecting part of the telescopic column and the advanced top arch piece is exposed, the upper end of the telescopic column is connected with the advanced top arch piece, and the lower end is fixed on the installation base (second construction state, third construction state), when the advanced top arch piece is completely exposed, the advanced top arch piece is lifted upward to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support, and the height of the telescopic column is fixed (fourth construction state), that is, the reinforcement of the current section of the tunnel surrounding rock is completed, when the subsequent tunnel surrounding rock is reinforced, the advanced top arch piece can be used as the top arch part of the primary support.

[0031] The application sets the advanced crescent cavity below the advanced pipe shed, places the advanced top arch piece and the air bag in the advanced crescent cavity, and converts the local stress of the advanced pipe shed into the surface stress of the advanced top arch piece through the air bag, effectively inhibits the development of the surrounding rock deformation, and improves the supporting capacity; the telescopic column with a fixed height is arranged below the two sides of the advanced top arch piece, the telescopic column deforms with the upward movement of the advanced top arch piece while supporting the advanced top arch piece, so that the advanced top arch piece is used as the top arch part of the primary support without changing the connecting structure, and the material cost and the construction cost are effectively reduced.

[0032] Further, the advanced pipe shed 1 comprises a plurality of grouting steel pipes 8 which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top arch part of the primary support 3, each grouting steel pipe 8 is punched into the surrounding rock at an external insertion angle of 3-5°, the spacing between adjacent grouting steel pipes 8 is 300-400 mm, and the length of the grouting steel pipe 8 is 3000 mm. Through the grouting steel pipe, the surrounding rock is grouted from the inside, the cracks around the grouting steel pipe are blocked, and the surrounding rock is preliminarily reinforced.

[0033] Further, the central angle of the advanced crescent cavity is 180°, the length is 3000 mm, the maximum thickness is 280-320 mm, and the minimum thickness is 50-70 mm, so as to take into account the stress of soft surrounding rock and the installation requirements of the advanced top arch piece and the air bag.

[0034] Further, the advanced top arch piece 4 is an arc-shaped steel plate, and the thickness is 77-85 mm, so that the advanced top arch piece has sufficient compression resistance and ensures the supporting effect.

[0035] Further, the air bag 5 is made of rubber with a thickness of 20-30 mm, so that the air bag has sufficient pressure resistance; the air bag 5 is internally provided with a pressure sensor, which is connected to the automatic exhaust valve, so that the automatic exhaust valve is controlled to exhaust according to the detection value of the pressure sensor, so that the pressure in the air bag is maintained within a preset range, and the influence of the deformation of the surrounding rock on the advance crown piece is reduced.

[0036] In another embodiment, the telescopic column 6 comprises a first U-shaped steel sheet pile 9 and a second U-shaped steel sheet pile 10 sleeved therein, the lower end of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile 9 is fixedly arranged on the installation base 7, and a first mounting plate 11 is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile 9, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile 10 is fixedly arranged with a second mounting plate 12, the second mounting plate 12 is opposite to and located above the first mounting plate 11, and the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile 10 is detachably connected with the advance crown piece 4. Here, a preferred structure of the telescopic column is listed, which comprises a first U-shaped steel sheet pile and a second U-shaped steel sheet pile sleeved therein, the opening sides of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile and the second U-shaped steel sheet pile face the inside of the tunnel, a first mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile, a second mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile, and the height of the telescopic column is adjusted and fixed by a support column detachably arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The support column can be a plurality of support columns with different heights, or can be a support column with adjustable height, so as to meet the construction requirements.

[0037] Further, the support column comprises a first column body 13 and a second column body 14, the bottom of the first column body 13 is provided with a first limiting column 15 penetrating through the first mounting plate 11, the top of the first column body 13 is fixedly arranged with a threaded column 16 along the axial direction thereof, the bottom of the second column body 14 is provided with a threaded cavity matched with the threaded column 16, and the top of the second column body 14 is provided with a second limiting column 17 penetrating through the second mounting plate 12. Here, a preferred structure of the support column is listed, which comprises a first column body and a second column body connected by threads, the first column body and the second column body are connected with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate through the first limiting column and the second limiting column respectively, after connection, the height of the support column can be adjusted and fixed by rotating the first column body and / or the second column body, and the structure is simple. In use, the height of the support column can be initially adjusted before installation, then the support column is installed between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and the support column is finely adjusted, so as to improve the construction efficiency.

[0038] Further, the two side bottom surfaces of the advanced top arch piece 4 are respectively provided with a plurality of connecting grooves along the length direction, each of the connecting grooves is open to the side close to the tunnel and is provided with a limiting steel net 18, the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile 10 is inserted into the connecting groove and is detachably connected with the advanced top arch piece 4. Here, by setting the connecting groove open to the side close to the tunnel and providing the limiting steel net, when the concrete is sprayed to the top arch part and the side wall of the device, the concrete can enter the connecting groove and reinforce the connection between the second steel sheet pile and the connecting groove.

[0039] In another embodiment, the advanced top arch piece 4 is lifted upwards to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support 3 by a lifting trolley, the lifting trolley comprises a trolley body 19, a lifting platform 20 and a hydraulic station 21 fixed on the trolley body 19, a semi-cylindrical mounting platform 22 fixed on the top of the lifting platform 20, and a plurality of hydraulic rods 23 fixed on the mounting platform 22 in intervals, wherein the hydraulic station 21 provides power for the lifting platform 20 and the plurality of hydraulic rods 23. In use, first, the lifting trolley is moved to a preset position below the advanced top arch piece, then the lifting platform is controlled to rise to a first preset height by the hydraulic station, then the plurality of hydraulic rods are controlled to extend and abut on the advanced top arch piece, then the lifting platform is controlled to rise to a second preset height, so that the advanced top arch piece is coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support, then the height of the telescopic column is fixed, then the lifting platform and the hydraulic rods are controlled to reset by the hydraulic station, which is high in construction efficiency and good in safety.

[0040] The number of devices and the scale of processing described herein are used to simplify the description of the present application. The application, modification and variation of the tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement device of the present application are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application and the embodiments listed in the specification, it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and other modifications can be easily realized by those skilled in the art, therefore, the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A device for reinforcing the surrounding rock of a tunnel, characterized in that The application relates to a tunnel construction method. The application comprises: a forepoling shed arranged on the top of a tunnel tunneling face and fixedly connected with the top arch part of an installed primary support, wherein a forepoling crescent cavity is arranged below the forepoling shed; a forepoling top arch piece arranged on the bottom of the forepoling crescent cavity and matched with the top arch part of the primary support; an air bag arranged above the forepoling top arch piece and filled in the forepoling crescent cavity, wherein an automatic exhaust valve is arranged on the air bag; a plurality of telescopic columns arranged on both sides of the forepoling top arch piece along the tunnel direction, wherein the upper end of each telescopic column is detachably connected with the forepoling top arch piece, and the lower end is fixedly arranged on a mounting base; 2. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein when the telescopic column is connected with the forepoling top arch piece when the connection part of the telescopic column and the forepoling top arch piece is exposed during tunnel excavation, and the forepoling top arch piece is lifted upwards to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support when the forepoling top arch piece is completely exposed, and the height of the telescopic column is fixed.

3. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein The forepoling shed comprises a plurality of grouting steel pipes arranged along the circumference of the top arch part of the primary support, each grouting steel pipe is punched into the surrounding rock at an external insertion angle of 3-5 degrees, the interval between adjacent grouting steel pipes is 300-400 mm, and the length of the grouting steel pipe is 3000 mm.

4. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein The central angle of the forepoling crescent cavity is 180 degrees, the length is 3000 mm, the maximum thickness is 320 mm, and the minimum thickness is 50 mm.

5. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 4, wherein The forepoling top arch piece is an arc-shaped steel plate, and the thickness is 77-85 mm.

6. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The air bag is made of rubber with a thickness of 20-30 mm, a pressure sensor is arranged in the air bag, and the pressure sensor is connected with the automatic exhaust valve.

7. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein The telescopic column comprises a first U-shaped steel sheet pile and a second U-shaped steel sheet pile sleeved in the first U-shaped steel sheet pile, the lower end of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile is fixedly arranged on the mounting base, a first mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the first U-shaped steel sheet pile, the lower end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile is fixedly arranged with a second mounting plate, the second mounting plate is opposite to and arranged above the first mounting plate, and the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile is detachably connected with the forepoling top arch piece, wherein a support column is detachably arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

8. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein The support column comprises a first column body and a second column body, the bottom of the first column body is provided with a first limiting column penetrating through the first mounting plate, the top of the first column body is fixedly arranged with a threaded column along the axial direction, the bottom of the second column body is provided with a threaded cavity matched with the threaded column, and the top of the second column body is provided with a second limiting column penetrating through the second mounting plate. A plurality of connecting grooves are arranged on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the forepoling top arch piece along the length direction, each connecting groove is open on the side close to the tunnel and is fixedly arranged with a limiting steel mesh, and the upper end of the second U-shaped steel sheet pile is inserted into the connecting groove and detachably connected with the forepoling top arch piece.

9. The device for reinforcing surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The advanced top arch piece is lifted upward to be coaxial with the top arch part of the primary support by a jacking trolley, the jacking trolley comprises a trolley body, a lifting platform and a hydraulic station fixed on the trolley body, a semi-cylindrical mounting platform fixed on the top of the lifting platform, and a plurality of hydraulic rods fixed on the mounting platform at intervals, wherein the hydraulic station provides power for the lifting platform and the plurality of hydraulic rods.

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