A method of flotation of a zinc oxide ore or a zinc oxide-sulphide mixed ore

Abstract

The application discloses a flotation method of zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, which comprises the following steps: grinding the raw ore to obtain ore slurry A, adding sodium carbonate into the ore slurry A to obtain ore slurry B, adding inhibitors and collectors into the ore slurry B in sequence, and then performing flotation to obtain zinc concentrate, wherein the ore slurry A contains inorganic salt C, and the concentration of the inorganic salt C is greater than or equal to 500 g / t. According to the technical scheme, the inorganic salt is used as a typical electrolyte to compress the double electric layer of the mineral surface, weaken the electrostatic repulsion between useful mineral particles, and make the highly dispersed mineral particles coagulate, so that the selective agglomeration flotation of the micro-fine mineral particles is promoted. In addition, the sodium carbonate is used as a pH regulator in the application, and the sodium carbonate can play a surface modification role, so that the subsequent ore slurry B is easy to float out the zinc oxide, and the flotation recovery rate of the zinc oxide ore is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for flotation of zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, and belongs to the field of mineral processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous exploitation of lead-zinc resources, the resources of high-quality and easily-processed sulfide lead-zinc ore are decreasing, and the resources of complex and difficult-to-process oxidized lead-zinc ore are becoming the processing object of mineral processing. The oxidized lead-zinc ore has the characteristics of easy mining, difficult processing and easy smelting in the conventional "mining-ore dressing-metallurgy" industrial chain, and the most effective method for processing this type of resources is flotation. Compared with the easily-processed sulfide lead-zinc ore resources, the oxidized lead-zinc ore has the characteristics of complex composition of useful minerals, fine dissemination size, and similar properties to gangue minerals, and high slime content in the ore, which restricts the efficient development and utilization of zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore resources.

[0003] At present, the commonly used flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore is sulfidation-amine method, that is, using soluble sulfide such as sodium sulfide to sulfidize zinc blende, hetero-polar ore and other oxidized zinc minerals, and then using amine collector for collection, but this method is easily affected by slime, and generally needs desliming treatment before flotation of zinc oxide ore. In addition, the large use of sodium sulfide can easily produce toxic gas containing sulfur, which can deteriorate the working environment and easily lead to the COD of waste water exceeding the standard. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new flotation technology for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore to improve the flotation separation efficiency of zinc oxide ore and oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, and the flotation method of the present application has short process flow and high efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The present application provides a flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, which comprises the following steps: grinding the raw ore to obtain a slurry A, adding sodium carbonate to the slurry A to obtain a slurry B, and then adding an inhibitor and a collector to the slurry B in sequence to obtain a zinc concentrate by flotation, wherein the slurry A contains an inorganic salt C, and the concentration of the inorganic salt C is greater than or equal to 500 g / t.

[0007] The technical scheme of the present application uses inorganic salt as a typical electrolyte to compress the double electric layer on the surface of the mineral, thereby weakening the electrostatic repulsion between the mineral particles, so that the highly dispersed mineral particles can coagulate, and the selective agglomeration flotation of the fine mineral particles is promoted. In addition, in the present application, sodium carbonate is used as a pH adjuster, and the inventors have found that sodium carbonate can play a role in surface modification, so that the subsequent slurry B is easy to float out the zinc oxide.

[0008] In the process of experimental exploration, the inventors found that although sodium hydroxide, lime and sodium sulfide can adjust pH, only sodium carbonate can be used as a pH adjusting agent to well float zinc oxide minerals.

[0009] In actual operation, after the flotation of the zinc oxide ore, a zinc oxide concentrate is obtained, and after the flotation of the zinc oxide-sulfur mixed ore, a zinc oxide-sulfur mixed concentrate is obtained.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the ore is ground and slurried to obtain ore slurry A, and inorganic salt C is added during the grinding or the slurry process.

[0011] In the present application, if the ore itself contains the above-mentioned inorganic salt minerals, or the relevant inorganic salt is added in the process of flotation of the zinc oxide ore, and the concentration of the inorganic salt is more than 500 g / t of the ore, then the inorganic salt does not need to be added during the grinding and flotation of the zinc oxide ore, otherwise the inorganic salt needs to be added or supplemented to make the concentration of the inorganic salt in the ore slurry A ≥ 500 g / t.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the inorganic salt C is at least one selected from sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bisulfate, potassium bisulfate, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, sodium carbonate is added to the ore slurry A to obtain ore slurry B, and the pH of the ore slurry B is 7-12.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the depressant is at least one selected from starch, dextrin, sodium alginate, chitosan, humic acid salt, guar gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, lignin sulfonate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, polyaspartic acid, water glass, sodium fluorosilicate, tannin, and tannin extract.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, the amount of the depressant added is ≥ 500 g / t.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the collector is at least one selected from fatty acid collectors, hydroxamic acid collectors, diesel oil, and kerosene.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, the amount of the collector added is ≥ 300 g / t.

[0018] In the present application, "g / t" refers to the amount of the material added to the ore, for example, the concentration of the inorganic salt is 500 g / t, which means that one ton of ore contains 500 g of inorganic salt or inorganic salt mineral, and the amount of the depressant added is 500 g / t, which means that 500 g of the depressant needs to be added to treat one ton of ore.

[0019] Preferably, the floatation process uses tap water or water containing inorganic salt D as the floatation rinse water, preferably water containing inorganic salt D.

[0020] Further preferably, the inorganic salt D is selected from at least one of sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium sulfate.

[0021] Further preferably, the mass concentration of the inorganic salt in the water containing inorganic salt D is 0.1% to 20%.

[0022] The inventors have found that the floatation process using water containing inorganic salt D as the floatation rinse water can further improve the floatation efficiency, and the inventors have inferred that the water containing inorganic salt D further promotes the agglomeration of mineral particles, which is beneficial to the floatation of fine mineral particles.

[0023] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present application provides a method for improving the floatation separation efficiency of zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, which uses a commonly used inorganic salt as a typical electrolyte to compress the double electric layer on the surface of the mineral, weaken the electrostatic repulsion between the useful mineral particles, and make the highly dispersed mineral particles agglomerate, thereby promoting the selective agglomeration and floatation of fine mineral particles. At the same time, sodium carbonate is used as a pH adjuster, and the inventors have found that it can modify the surface of the mineral, so that the zinc oxide mineral can be well floated. In addition, the present application preferably uses water containing inorganic salt D as the floatation rinse water, which can further improve the floatation efficiency.

[0025] The process of the present application does not add commonly used sodium sulfide or other soluble sulfides for sulfidation, which can effectively avoid the generation of toxic gas containing sulfur, optimize the process operation environment, and reduce the COD value of wastewater. The process is low in cost and short in flow, and has high practical application value and good environmental protection benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical means, inventive features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment takes a certain zinc oxide ore as the object, and the ore sample contains Zn 7.73%, Pb 1.06%, Ca 16.49%, Si 5.56%, and Fe 6.92%. The oxidation rate of zinc is 85%.

[0029] The raw ore is ground to about 85% passing 0.074 mm, 10 Kg / t of sodium sulfate is added first, then sodium carbonate 12 Kg / t, combined depressant (water glass 1000 g / t, sodium hexametaphosphate 500 g / t) and 1000 g / t fatty acid collector (sodium oleate) are added in turn, stirring and slurrying for 10 minutes, and then floating for 7 minutes to obtain zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 1

[0031] The other conditions are completely consistent with Example 1, except that no sodium sulfate is added, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1 Test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0033]

[0034] As can be seen from the above table, under the same conditions, the zinc grade and zinc recovery of the concentrate obtained in the example are higher.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] In this example, a certain oxygen-sulfur mixed lead-zinc ore is taken as the object, the ore sample contains Zn 6.40%, Pb 1.00%, Ca 4.87%, Si 19.47%, and the oxidation rate of zinc is about 50%.

[0037] The raw ore is ground to about 75% passing 0.074 mm, and then the lead sulfide ore is floated first, followed by the zinc sulfide ore, and finally the zinc oxide ore. The lead sulfide ore is floated using the conventional reagents for lead sulfide ore, such as ethylthiourea, ethyl xanthate, zinc sulfate, and 2# oil, etc. The zinc sulfide ore is floated using the conventional reagents for zinc sulfide ore, such as butyl xanthate, copper sulfate, and 2# oil, etc. The zinc oxide ore is floated, and sodium carbonate 3 Kg / t, combined depressant (water glass 2000 g / t, humic acid salt 300 g / t) and 700 g / t fatty acid collector (with sodium oleate as the main raw material) are added in turn, stirring and slurrying for 10 minutes, and then 10% concentration of sodium sulfate is added in the floating rinse water, and floating for 7 minutes to obtain zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] The other conditions are completely consistent with Example 2, except that no sodium sulfate is added in the zinc oxide ore floating rinse water, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0040] Table 2 Test results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2

[0041]

[0042] From the above table, under the condition of obtaining total zinc concentrate with equivalent zinc grade, the zinc recovery of Example 2 is superior to that of Comparative Example 2.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] This example takes a certain oxygen-sulfur mixed lead-zinc ore as the object, the ore sample contains 4.93% Zn and 0.89% Pb, and process mineral analysis shows that the ore contains 0.20% CaSO4.

[0045] The raw ore is ground to about 85% passing 0.074 mm, and the sulfide minerals are first floated, and then the oxidized minerals are floated. The conventional reagents for floating sulfide minerals include butyl xanthate, copper sulfate, and No. 2 oil. After the sulfide minerals are floated, the slurry enters the zinc oxide ore flotation process, and sodium carbonate 8 Kg / t, a combination of inhibitors (water glass 2000 g / t and dextrin 300 g / t), and 1100 g / t fatty acid collector (sodium oleate as the main raw material) are added in turn, the slurry is stirred for 10 minutes, and then floated for 7 minutes to obtain zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] The other conditions are exactly the same as in Example 1, except that the zinc oxide ore flotation process uses sulfidation-amine method, and sodium carbonate 8 Kg / t, sodium sulfide 20 Kg / t, a combination of inhibitors, and 800 g / t octadecylamine are added in turn. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0048] Table 3 Test results of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3

[0049]

[0050] As can be seen from the above table, the zinc grade and zinc recovery of the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in Example 3 are much higher than those of Comparative Example 3.

Claims

1. A flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore, characterized in that: The raw ore is ground and slurry is prepared to obtain slurry A. Sodium carbonate is added to slurry A to obtain slurry B. Inhibitor and collector are added to slurry B in sequence, and flotation is performed to obtain zinc concentrate. Slurry A contains inorganic salt C, and the concentration of inorganic salt C is ≥500g / t. The inorganic salt C is selected from at least one of sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bisulfate, potassium bisulfate, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium sulfate. During the flotation process, the flotation wash water is selected from water containing inorganic salt D, wherein inorganic salt D is selected from at least one of sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride, and the mass concentration of inorganic salt in the water containing inorganic salt D is 0.1% to 20%.

2. The flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw ore is ground and mixed to obtain slurry A, and inorganic salt C is added during the grinding or slurry mixing process.

3. The flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sodium carbonate is added to slurry A to obtain slurry B, and the pH of slurry B is set to 7-12.

4. The flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inhibitor is selected from at least one of starch, dextrin, sodium alginate, chitosan, humate, gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, lignin sulfonate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, polyaspartic acid, water glass, sodium fluorosilicate, tannin, and tannin.

5. A flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The amount of the inhibitor added is ≥500g / t.

6. The flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector is selected from at least one of fatty acid collectors, hydroxamic acid collectors, diesel oil, and kerosene.

7. A flotation method for zinc oxide ore or oxygen-sulfur mixed zinc ore according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The amount of the collector added is ≥300g / t.

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