Abrasive belt and polishing apparatus and polishing method

Abstract

The application discloses a sand belt, which comprises a base layer, a core part of the base layer has a cavity, an air nozzle is arranged on the base layer and communicates with the cavity, the base layer is in an expanded state after being inflated, the base layer is in a contracted state after being deflated, a bonding layer is arranged on the base layer, the bonding layer covers the base layer, an abrasive layer covers the base layer through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer comprises coarse abrasives and fine abrasives, the coarse abrasives are uniformly embedded in the bonding layer, a material body part of the coarse abrasives is exposed to a surface of the bonding layer, the fine abrasives are distributed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasives, and a material body part of the fine abrasives is exposed to the surface of the bonding layer. The problem of reduced self-sharpening of abrasives caused by insufficient pressing amount can be solved by adopting the mixed mesh abrasives, the service life of the abrasives during the composite roughening process can be greatly improved, and the use cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of surface treatment, in particular to a grinding device and grinding method of abrasive belt and composite material. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metal rolling composite material needs to be roughened before rolling. The purpose of roughening is: 1. removing the oxide layer and adhering matter on the surface of the metal; 2. increasing the surface area, usually using abrasive belt, thousand-leaf wheel and other methods, the material of the abrasive is usually silicon carbide, aluminum oxide. When roughening some special metal materials, the abrasive falls off, the abrasive surface is adhered to the metal, the roughness of the roughened surface is reduced, and the service life of the abrasive belt is very short. Especially for metals such as titanium alloy, which has high hardness, low thermal conductivity and easy adhesion, the service life of the abrasive belt or thousand-leaf wheel is greatly reduced. The abrasive belt is evenly polished and has consistent roughness. In the polishing process, the abrasive is uniformly worn. In order to control the surface from collapsing after polishing, the pressure during polishing should not be too large. If the pressure is not large enough, the abrasive cannot be broken, the abrasive belt cannot form a sharp edge, and the self-sharpening feature of the abrasive belt cannot be exhibited. After a period of use, the abrasive belt fails when the sharp end of the abrasive is worn. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and provide a grinding device and grinding method of abrasive belt and composite material, which is suitable for grinding titanium alloy metals.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: an abrasive belt, comprising a base layer, the core part of the base layer has a cavity, an air nozzle is arranged on the base layer and communicates with the cavity, after inflation, the base layer is in an expanded state; after deflation, the base layer is in a contracted state, a bonding layer is arranged on the base layer, the bonding layer covers the base layer, an abrasive layer covers the base layer through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer comprises coarse abrasive and fine abrasive, the coarse abrasive is uniformly embedded in the bonding layer, the material body part of the coarse abrasive is exposed on the surface of the bonding layer, and the fine abrasive is distributed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive, and the material body part of the fine abrasive is exposed on the surface of the bonding layer.

[0005] In order to improve the self-sharpening property of the abrasive belt and optimize the organizational structure of the abrasive layer, the further preferred technical scheme is that the coarse abrasive is 60 mesh abrasive, and the fine abrasive is 80 mesh abrasive.

[0006] In order to make the abrasive belt have good adaptability to the outer circumferential surface of the composite material, the further preferred technical scheme is that the base layer is a flexible base layer.

[0007] In order to optimize the organizational structure of the abrasive layer, the further preferred technical scheme is that the fine abrasive is uniformly distributed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive.

[0008] In order to realize the uniform distribution of coarse abrasive and fine abrasive, improve the performance of the abrasive belt, the further preferred technical scheme is that the coarse abrasive is electrostatically adsorbed on the adhesive layer through a row of first discharge holes, and the fine abrasive is electrostatically adsorbed in the adhesive layer between the coarse abrasives through a row of second discharge holes staggered with the first discharge holes.

[0009] A composite material polishing device, comprising a frame, a guide piece is arranged on the frame, and a sand belt is arranged on the guide piece, a core of a base layer of the sand belt has a cavity, an air nozzle is arranged on the base layer and communicates with the cavity, and a driving motor is further arranged on the frame to drive the sand belt to reciprocate or rotate.

[0010] In order to realize the continuous polishing of the outer surface of the circular composite material, the further preferred technical scheme is that the guide piece is an annular sleeve, an annular cavity is arranged on the inner ring of the guide piece, a ring of sand belts is fixedly arranged in the annular cavity, the base layer of the sand belt extends outward along the width direction to form a positioning convex edge buckled in the annular cavity, the abrasive layer of the sand belt faces the center, the guide piece is fixed on the frame through the bearing on the outer periphery, the frame is provided with a driving motor, the driving motor is provided with a gear, and the outer periphery of the guide piece is provided with external teeth meshing with the gear.

[0011] In order to realize the continuous polishing of the outer surface of the long strip-shaped composite material, the further preferred technical scheme is that the guide piece is spiral-shaped, an open slot is arranged on the inner spiral surface of the guide piece, the two ends of the guide piece are provided with openings communicating with the open slot, the sand belt passes through the inner spiral open slot of the guide piece from one end of the guide piece to the other end of the guide piece, the abrasive layer of the sand belt faces the center, the base layer of the sand belt extends outward along the width direction to form a positioning convex edge buckled in the open slot and can reciprocate along the spiral-shaped open slot, the frame on the two ends corresponding to the openings of the guide piece is provided with guide pulleys, one of the guide pulleys is provided with a driving motor on the frame away from the guide piece, a pulley is arranged on the driving shaft of the driving motor, one end of the sand belt is fixedly connected to the pulley on the corresponding end through the guide pulley on the corresponding end, and the other guide pulley is provided with a tension spring on the frame away from the guide piece, one end of the tension spring is connected to the other end of the sand belt.

[0012] A polishing method of a composite material, S1: installing a sand belt on a guide piece of a composite material polishing device, and passing a composite material through the center of the guide piece;

[0013] S2: filling the cavity of the base layer of the sand belt of the composite material polishing device with gas, so that the base layer of the sand belt expands, so that the abrasive layer of the sand belt can press the outer surface of the composite material;

[0014] S3: the composite material is linearly moved along the guide wheel by the winding machine traction, and the outer surface of the composite material is polished by the driving motor driving the abrasive belt to rotate or reciprocate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are that the problem of reduced self-sharpening of the abrasive caused by insufficient down pressure can be solved by adopting the mixed mesh abrasive combination, after the abrasive grains are blunt, the grinding force also increases, causing the abrasive grains to break or fall off, and the sharp cutting edge is exposed again, the service life of the abrasive during the composite roughening process can be greatly improved, the use cost is reduced, the online polishing of the composite material is realized through the polishing device, the polishing method of wrapping the abrasive belt on the outer surface of the composite material after inflation is realized, high-efficiency polishing is realized, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the abrasive belt cross-sectional view of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is the polishing device embodiment one schematic view of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is the polishing device embodiment two schematic view of the present application;

[0019] In the figure: 10. abrasive belt; 11. fine abrasive; 12. coarse abrasive; 13. coating; 14. surface rubber layer; 15. bottom rubber layer; 16. base layer; 17. cavity; 18. air nozzle; 20. guide; 21. outer tooth; 22. gear; 23. driving motor; 24. guide wheel; 25. open slot; 26. opening; 27. guide pulley; 28. tension spring; 30. composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0021] EMBODIMENT

[0022] As Figure 1As shown, a sand belt 10, including a soft base base layer 16, the material of the base layer 16 is made of rubber, the thickness of the base layer 16 is 4-8mm, the thickness is preferably 5mm, the core of the base layer 16 has a cavity 17, the base layer 16 is provided with an air nozzle 18 communicating with the cavity 17, after inflation, the base layer 16 is in an inflated state; after deflation, the base layer 16 is in a shrinking state, the base layer 16 is provided with a bonding layer, the bonding layer includes a lower bottom glue layer 15 and an upper surface glue layer 14, the bonding layer is epoxy resin, the bonding layer covers the base layer 16, the abrasive layer covers the base layer 16 through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer is composed of silicon carbide or alumina abrasive, the abrasive is divided into coarse abrasive 12 and fine abrasive 11, the coarse abrasive 12 is uniformly embedded in the bonding layer and the bottom of the coarse abrasive 12 is directly adhered to the base layer 16, the surface of the coarse abrasive 12 is higher than the upper surface glue layer 14, the fine abrasive 11 is uniformly dispersed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive 12, the material body of the fine abrasive 11 at the outer surface of the bonding layer is exposed to the surface of the bonding layer, the material body of the fine abrasive 11 exposed to the surface of the bonding layer is lower than the coarse abrasive 12, a part of the material body of the coarse abrasive 12 at the bonding layer and the base layer 16 is bonded, the back surface of the base layer 16 relative to the grinding surface is also coated with an epoxy resin coating, and the thickness of the back surface coating is thinner than the thickness of the grinding surface bonding layer; the upper surface glue layer 14 is also provided with a coating 13 to improve the moisture resistance and waterproofness of the sand belt 10.

[0023] The coarse abrasive 12 is 60 mesh abrasive particles, and the fine abrasive 11 is 80 mesh abrasive particles;

[0024] The combined abrasive, such as 60 mesh + 80 mesh, requires different forces to break different mesh abrasive particles, 80 mesh abrasive particles are easy to break, 60 mesh abrasive particles are more difficult, 80 mesh abrasive particles wear out quickly, and the height of the abrasive decreases first, when the difference between 60 mesh and 80 mesh is large to a certain extent, 60 mesh abrasive particles break, the breaking impact force exceeds the strength of 80 mesh abrasive particles, 80 mesh abrasive particles break, and after breaking, a sharp edge is formed again, the self-sharpening property of the abrasive can be fully realized, and the service life of the abrasive can be greatly improved.

[0025] As Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the polishing device of the composite material comprises a frame, a driving motor 23 is arranged on the frame, the driving motor 23 is connected with a guide 20 through a gear 22, the guide 20 is an annular sleeve, an outer periphery of the annular sleeve is provided with an outer tooth 21 which is engaged with the gear 22, an inner ring of the guide 20 is provided with an annular cavity, a circle of abrasive belt 10 is fixedly arranged in the annular cavity, a base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 extends outward along the width direction to form a positioning convex edge which is buckled in the annular cavity, an abrasive layer of the abrasive belt 10 is towards the center, the guide 20 is fixed on the frame through a bearing on the outer periphery, in use, the composite material 30 with a circular cross section passes through the center of the guide 20, the cavity 17 of the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 in the guide 20 is filled with gas, the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 is expanded so that the abrasive layer of the abrasive belt 10 can press the outer surface of the composite material 30, then the composite material 30 moves linearly along a guide wheel 24 under the action of a winding machine, the guide 20 rotates under the driving of the driving motor 23, the guide 20 drives the abrasive belt 10 to rotate to polish the surface of the composite material 30;

[0026] As Figure 3As shown, in another embodiment, the polishing device of the composite material comprises a frame, a spiral guide 20 is arranged on the frame, an inner spiral surface of the guide 20 is provided with an open slot 25, both ends of the guide 20 are provided with openings 26 which are in communication with the open slot 25, the abrasive belt 10 is passed through the inner spiral open slot 25 of the guide 20 from one end of the guide 20 to the other end of the guide 20, the abrasive layer of the abrasive belt 10 is towards the center, the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 extends outward along the width direction to form a positioning convex edge which is buckled in the open slot 25 and can reciprocate along the spiral open slot 25, the frame corresponding to the end of the opening 26 of the guide 20 is provided with a guide pulley 27, one of the guide pulleys 27 is provided with a driving motor 23 on the frame away from the side of the guide 20, a pulley is arranged on the driving shaft of the driving motor 23, one end of the abrasive belt 10 is fixedly connected to the pulley at the corresponding end through the guide pulley 27 at the corresponding end, the other guide pulley 27 is provided with a tension spring 28 on the frame away from the side of the guide 20, one end of the tension spring 28 is connected to the other end of the abrasive belt 10, in use, the composite material 30 with a long strip-shaped cross section passes through the center of the guide 20, the cavity 17 of the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 in the guide 20 is filled with gas, so that the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 is inflated, so that the abrasive layer of the abrasive belt 16 can press the outer surface of the composite material 30, then the composite material 30 is linearly moved along the guide wheel 24 under the action of the winding machine, the abrasive belt 10 reciprocates along the spiral guide 20 under the driving of the driving motor 23, the driving motor 23 drives the abrasive belt 10 to reciprocate to polish the surface of the composite material 30, the spiral guide 20 can be made into an oval shape, so that the abrasive belt 10 can be wrapped on the long strip-shaped composite material 30 when arranged along the guide 20, and the outer surface of the composite material 30 is polished;

[0027] A polishing method of a composite material, S1, installing the abrasive belt 10 on the guide 20, and passing the composite material 30 through the center of the guide 20;

[0028] S2, filling the cavity 17 of the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 with gas, so that the base layer 16 of the abrasive belt 10 is inflated, so that the abrasive layer of the abrasive belt 10 can press the outer surface of the composite material 30;

[0029] S3, linearly moving the composite material 30 along the guide wheel 24 by the winding machine, and polishing the outer surface of the composite material 30 by driving the abrasive belt 10 to rotate or reciprocate by the driving motor 23.

[0030] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite material polishing apparatus characterized by comprising: The device comprises a rack, a guide on the rack, a sand belt on the guide, a core with a cavity in the base layer of the sand belt, an air nozzle on the base layer in communication with the cavity, the base layer in an expanded state after being filled with air, the base layer in a contracted state after being deflated, a bonding layer on the base layer, the bonding layer covering the base layer, an abrasive layer on the base layer through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer comprising coarse abrasive and fine abrasive, the coarse abrasive uniformly embedded in the bonding layer, the coarse abrasive partially exposed on the surface of the bonding layer, the fine abrasive distributed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive, the fine abrasive partially exposed on the surface of the bonding layer, a driving motor on the rack, the driving motor driving the sand belt to reciprocate or rotate. The guide is in a spiral shape, the inner spiral surface of the guide is provided with an open slot, the two ends of the guide are provided with openings in communication with the open slot, the sand belt passes through the inner spiral open slot of the guide from one end of the guide to the other end of the guide, the abrasive layer of the sand belt faces the center, the base layer of the sand belt extends outward along the width direction to form a positioning convex edge clamped in the open slot and reciprocable along the spiral open slot, the rack on the two ends corresponding to the openings of the guide is provided with guide pulleys, one of the guide pulleys is provided with a driving motor on the rack away from the guide, a driving shaft of the driving motor is provided with a pulley, one end of the sand belt is fixedly connected to the pulley on the corresponding end through the guide pulley on the corresponding end, the other guide pulley is provided with a tension spring on the rack away from the guide, one end of the tension spring is connected to the other end of the sand belt.

2. The composite material polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The coarse abrasive is 60-mesh abrasive particles, and the fine abrasive is 80-mesh abrasive particles.

3. A composite material polishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The base layer is a flexible base layer.

4. The composite material polishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The fine abrasive is uniformly distributed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive.

5. The composite material sanding device of claim 2, wherein, The coarse abrasive is electrostatically adsorbed on the bonding layer through a row of first discharge holes, and the fine abrasive is electrostatically adsorbed in the bonding layer between the coarse abrasive through a row of second discharge holes staggered with the first discharge holes.

6. A method of sanding a composite material, characterized by, S1: install the sand belt on the guide of the composite material polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and pass the composite material through the center of the guide; S2: fill the cavity of the base layer of the sand belt of the composite material polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 with gas, so that the base layer of the sand belt expands and the abrasive layer of the sand belt can press the outer surface of the composite material; S3: pull the composite material along the guide wheel in a straight line by a winding machine, and polish the outer surface of the composite material by driving the sand belt to rotate or reciprocate through the driving motor.

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