Hydroponic planting device with self-circulation function

Abstract

The application discloses a water culture planting device with a self-circulation function, which comprises an upper water tank, a lower water tank, a rack, a lamp plate, a control box, two planting parts, the two ends of the rack are respectively assembled and fixed with the lamp plate and the lower water tank, the control box is installed on the rack or the topmost lamp plate, the upper water tank is installed on the control box, and the two sides of the rack are respectively provided with the planting parts; the planting part comprises a conveying module, a planting unit and a taking and placing unit, the lamp plate is provided with a plant lamp, the planting unit is installed on the rack, and the taking and placing unit is installed on the conveying module and corresponds to the planting unit one by one; the planting unit is installed with multiple layers on the rack, and the conveying module can be lifted relative to the rack to adapt to the planting unit of each layer. The application installs multiple layers of the planting unit on the rack, and utilizes the conveying module to be lifted to flexibly adapt to the planting unit of each layer; in addition, the application can combine the conveying device to connect the planting parts on multiple racks, so that the full-automatic input and output of the planting box can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to hydroponics, and in particular to a hydroponic planting device with a self-circulating function. Background Technology

[0002] Hydroponics, also known as soilless cultivation, primarily uses water as a medium. Various liquid fertilizers are added, and the water provides nutrients to the plant roots. Combined with hydroponic plant lights, it provides a good growing environment for the plants, resulting in better growth, reduced plant diseases and pests, and increased yield. This is also the mainstream method in plant factories today.

[0003] Most current hydroponic cultivation systems use a frame to hold the planting pots. Planting and maintenance are done manually, as is harvesting. While this method significantly saves land, its heavy reliance on manual labor results in high costs and yields that fail to meet design requirements. The main reason for this is the lack of an assembly line system. Centuries of industrial assembly line experience have proven that assembly lines can greatly improve efficiency and output while reducing costs. Therefore, introducing assembly line technology into hydroponic cultivation systems could effectively reduce reliance on manual labor, increase efficiency, and boost yield. However, such technology currently lacks a solution. This project will focus on applying assembly line technology to hydroponic cultivation systems to address the current lack of such technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydroponic planting device with a self-circulating function, which can realize automated planting in an assembly line.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a hydroponic planting device with a self-circulating function, comprising an upper water tank, a lower water tank, a frame, a light panel, a control box, and two planting sections. The two ends of the frame are respectively assembled and fixed to the light panel and the lower water tank. The control box is installed on the frame or the top light panel, and the upper water tank is installed on the control box. The planting sections are installed on both sides of the frame.

[0006] The planting section includes a conveying module, planting units, and pick-and-place units. Plant lights are installed on the light panel. The planting units are installed on the frame. The pick-and-place units are installed on the conveying module and correspond one-to-one with the planting units. The planting units are installed in multiple layers on the frame. The conveying module can be raised and lowered relative to the frame to accommodate the planting units on each layer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the planting unit includes a planting box, a planting rack, a planting base plate, and a light plate. There are two planting racks installed on both sides of the planting base plate, and the planting box is installed between the two planting racks and is used to plant plants.

[0008] An end frame is installed on the end of the planting base plate away from the corresponding conveying module. An end optical shaft is installed on the end frame. The end optical shaft passes through the locking frame plate and is axially slidably assembled with it. Two locking frames are installed on the locking frame plate. The locking frames are provided with locking frame inclined surfaces and locking frame racks.

[0009] Two sliding tubes and two locking seats are installed on the end of the planting box away from the planting lock shaft. The sliding tubes are axially slidably assembled with the planting box. One end of the sliding tube is inserted into the planting box and assembled with the tube cap. A through sliding tube hole is also provided on this end of the sliding tube. A sliding tube ring is installed on the other end of the sliding tube. A sliding tube spring is fitted on the part of the sliding tube between the sliding tube ring and the planting box. The sliding tube spring applies a thrust to the sliding tube away from the planting box.

[0010] The sliding tube is axially slidably mounted on the lock seat, which is mounted on the planting box. The lock seat is also provided with a lock seat inclined surface and a lock seat sleeve. The sliding tube ring is axially slidably mounted inside the lock seat sleeve. The lock seat inclined surface is fitted and pressed against the lock frame inclined surface to achieve the locking assembly of the lock frame and the lock seat.

[0011] The end face of the sliding tube ring is pressed and sealed with the end face of the ball valve tube ring. The ball valve tube ring is set on the ball valve tube, and the ball valve tube is axially slidably installed in the lock seat sleeve. One end of the ball valve tube is inserted into the ball valve. A ball is installed inside the ball valve. The ball is assembled with one end of the valve stem. The other end of the valve stem passes through the ball valve and is assembled with the ball valve gear. The ball valve gear meshes with the lock frame rack so that in the initial state, the lock frame rack keeps the ball in the open state, and the ball valve is in the open state. When the lock frame moves away from the lock seat, the lock frame rack will drive the ball valve gear to rotate so that the ball rotates to close, that is, the ball valve is closed.

[0012] The locking frame plate is fitted onto the locking frame screw and is screwed onto it. The locking frame screw is rotatable but not axially movable and is mounted on the end frame. The locking frame screw is connected to the output shaft of the locking frame motor.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the planting box is provided with a planting pad, a mesh frame and a water storage pad installed from top to bottom. The planting pad and the water storage pad are both made of absorbent material. The mesh frame is provided with several through holes to allow water to flow between the water storage pad and the planting pad.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the planting rack is respectively equipped with a slide rail plate, a side slide plate, and a lower guide plate. The slide rail plate is provided with a slide rail, and the side slide plate is provided with a side slide groove that engages with and slides with the slide rail. The slide rail plate and the side slide screw are rotatably assembled but not axially movable. The side slide screw passes through the side slide plate and is threadedly engaged with it. The side slide screw is connected to the output shaft of the side slide motor, and the side slide motor is mounted on the slide rail plate.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the other end of the ball valve is connected to one end of the throttle valve, and the two slide tubes corresponding to the other ends of the throttle valve are respectively connected to the water supply branch pipe and the drainage branch pipe. The water supply branch pipe and the drainage branch pipe are respectively connected to the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to the water in the upper water tank, and one end of the drainage pipe is connected to the interior of the lower water tank.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, wheel wheels are installed on both sides of the planting box, and wheel grooves are provided at the corresponding positions of the planting base plate and the wheel wheels. The wheel grooves and the wheel wheels are engaged and assembled to achieve the positioning of the planting base plate and the planting box.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the conveying module includes a conveying frame, a conveyor belt, a conveyor motor, and a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt and the conveyor motor are both mounted on the conveying frame, and the conveyor belt passes over the output shaft of the conveyor motor and the belt shaft of the conveyor belt to form a belt drive mechanism.

[0018] The conveyor frame is also assembled with different conveyor frame plates on both sides. The conveyor frame plates are engaged and slidably assembled with the conveyor guide rails, which are installed on the lower water tank or the frame. The conveyor frame plates are also assembled with a conveyor chain. The conveyor chain passes around the sprockets on the conveyor chain shaft and the conveyor worm wheel shaft to form a chain drive structure. The conveyor chain shaft and the conveyor worm wheel shaft are both installed on the frame. A conveyor worm wheel is installed on the conveyor worm wheel shaft. The conveyor worm wheel meshes with the conveyor worm. The conveyor worm is set on or installed on the conveyor worm shaft. One end of the conveyor worm shaft is installed in the control box and meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. The first bevel gear is installed on the second drive shaft. A transmission worm is installed on the second drive shaft. The transmission worm meshes with the transmission worm wheel. The transmission worm wheel is installed on the first drive shaft. Both the first and second drive shafts are installed on the control box.

[0019] One end of the second drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor. A cable reel and a cable reel are respectively installed on the first drive shaft. The cable reel and the cable reel are respectively assembled and wound with one end of the steel cable and the cable. The other end of the steel cable and the cable are respectively assembled with the conveyor frame. The cable reel and the cable reel are respectively installed in the cable reel frame and the cable reel frame. The cable reel frame and the cable reel frame are both installed on the control box.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fixed edge is provided on the side of the conveyor frame away from the corresponding planting unit. When in use, the fixed edge fits against the outer side of the planting box to guide and position the planting box.

[0021] A movable edge is installed on the conveyor frame, and an edge mounting plate is provided on the movable edge. The edge mounting plate is axially slidably fitted onto the edge optical shaft. A first conveyor frame plate and a second conveyor frame plate are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the conveyor frame located on the edge mounting plate. The first conveyor frame plate and the second conveyor frame plate are respectively assembled with the edge optical shaft. The edge mounting plate is also assembled with the edge electric cylinder shaft. The edge electric cylinder shaft is installed in the edge electric cylinder, and the edge electric cylinder is installed on the conveyor frame.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, a planting lock shaft is installed on the end of the planting box facing the corresponding conveying module, and a lock shaft annular groove is formed between the planting lock shaft and the planting box.

[0023] The pick-and-place unit includes a locking seat, a scissor mechanism, a pick-and-place seat, and a cable. The pick-and-place seat is mounted on a conveyor frame. The two ends of the scissor mechanism are respectively assembled with the pick-and-place seat and the locking seat. The scissor mechanism is used to drive the locking seat to move relative to the pick-and-place seat.

[0024] One end of the scissor lift mechanism is assembled with a slider, which is mounted on a slider shaft and a slider screw. The slider screw and the slider are assembled by threaded engagement. Both the slider shaft and the slider screw are mounted on a pick-and-place base. One end of the slider screw is connected to the output shaft of the slider motor, which is mounted on the pick-and-place base.

[0025] The pick-and-place base is also equipped with a cable reel, which is assembled and wound with one end of the cable. The cable reel is fitted onto a reel shaft, which is mounted on the pick-and-place base and has a cable worm gear installed on it. The cable worm gear meshes with a cable worm gear for transmission. The cable worm gear is set on or mounted on a cable motor shaft, which is installed inside a cable motor. The cable motor is mounted on the pick-and-place base.

[0026] The other end of the cable passes over the second guide wheel, the tension sensor, and the first guide wheel before being assembled with the eccentric ring. The second guide wheel is mounted on the pick-and-place seat, and the tension sensor is used to detect the tension of the cable.

[0027] The first guide wheel is mounted on the locking seat, the eccentric ring is mounted on the camshaft, and the camshaft is mounted on the locking seat; the end of the camshaft away from the eccentric ring is assembled with a spring, the outer shell of the spring is mounted on the locking seat, and the inner shaft is assembled with the camshaft;

[0028] The locking seat has a locking seat hole corresponding to the planting locking shaft. A locking frame and a roller frame are installed in the locking seat hole. The locking frame is assembled with one end of the locking frame shaft. The other end of the locking frame shaft is fitted with a locking spring, which then passes through the locking seat and is axially slidably assembled with it. The locking spring applies a spring force to the locking frame to push it toward the planting locking shaft. One end of the locking frame is engaged in the locking shaft annular groove to realize the assembly of the planting box and the locking seat.

[0029] The roller frame is rotatably mounted with rollers, which are pressed against the side of the cam. The cam is fitted onto the camshaft and has a long shaft end and a short shaft end. The distance between the long shaft end and the cam axis is greater than the distance between the short shaft end and the cam axis. In the initial state, the short shaft end is pressed against the roller.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the locking frame is provided with a locking frame inclined surface, which can cooperate with the end face of the planting locking shaft to squeeze the locking frame to overcome the elastic force of the locking spring and move upward until the locking shaft annular groove corresponds with the locking frame. Then, the locking frame moves downward and locks under the action of the locking spring.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] This invention features a multi-layered planting unit mounted on a frame. A conveyor module flexibly adjusts to each layer, and upper and lower water tanks are installed on the frame. The water flow within the planting units is powered by the potential energy of the water, resulting in greater energy efficiency. Furthermore, this invention can connect multiple planting sections on the frame via a conveyor system, enabling fully automated input and output of planting boxes, thus achieving assembly line and automated operation. Combined with existing AI technology, it allows for intelligent observation of the plants. By integrating automated sowing, harvesting, and cleaning equipment, it can create an unmanned factory, significantly improving efficiency and yield while effectively reducing labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figures 1-2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figures 3-6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 7-8 This is a structural diagram of the planting section on one side;

[0036] Figures 9-10This is a structural diagram of planting unit 200, picking and placing unit 800, and conveying module 300;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of planting unit 200 and loading / unloading unit 800;

[0038] Figures 12-14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of 200 planting units;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a sectional view of planting unit 200 located at the center plane of planting lock axis 214;

[0040] Figure 16 , Figure 17 They are respectively Figure 15 Enlarged views of points A and B in the middle;

[0041] Figures 18-19 This is a structural diagram of ball valve 260, lock frame 250, lock seat 270, and slide tube 280;

[0042] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the ball valve 260, lock bracket 250, lock seat 270, and slide tube 280 located at the center plane of the axis of slide tube 280;

[0043] Figures 21-22 This is a structural diagram of the pick-and-place unit at position 800;

[0044] Figures 23-24 This is a structural diagram of the card holder 350, cam 360, and first guide wheel 841;

[0045] Figures 25-26 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism at position 830 of the pick-and-place seat;

[0046] Figures 27-29 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of the conveying module 300. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] See Figures 1-8The hydroponic planting device of this embodiment includes an upper water tank 150, a lower water tank 110, a frame 120, a light panel 130, a control box 140, and two planting sections. The two ends of the frame 120 are respectively assembled and fixed to the light panel 130 and the lower water tank 110. The control box 140 is installed on the frame 120 or the topmost light panel 130, and the upper water tank 150 is installed on the control box 140. The planting sections are respectively installed on both sides of the frame 120. The planting section includes a conveying module 300, a planting unit 200, and a pick-and-place unit 800. A plant light 131 is installed on the light panel 130. The plant light is used to provide illumination for the plants to promote photosynthesis. The planting unit 200 is installed on the frame 120, and the picking and placing unit 800 is installed on the conveying module 300 and corresponds one-to-one with the planting unit 200. The planting unit 200 is installed in multiple layers on the frame at a certain height, and the conveying module 300 can be raised and lowered relative to the frame 120 to accommodate the planting unit 200 of each layer.

[0050] See Figures 1-20 The planting unit 200 includes a planting box 210, a planting rack 220, a planting base plate 230, and a light panel 130. There are two planting racks 220 and they are installed on both sides of the planting base plate 230. The planting box 210 is installed between the two planting racks 220 and is used to plant plants.

[0051] See details Figure 15 The planting box 210 contains, from top to bottom, a planting mat 211, a mesh frame 212, and a water-retaining pad 213. Both the planting mat 211 and the water-retaining pad 213 are made of absorbent material, such as a sponge. The mesh frame 212 has several through holes to allow water flow between the water-retaining pad 213 and the planting mat 211. In use, water overflows the mesh frame 212, wetting the planting mat 211. Plants are then planted on the planting mat 211, while the water-retaining pad 213 maintains a certain water level to lock in some nutrients, ensuring a continuous supply to the planting mat 211.

[0052] See Figures 10-14The planting rack 220 is equipped with a slide rail plate 221, a side slide plate 222, and a lower guide plate 223. The slide rail plate 221 has a slide rail 2211, and the side slide plate 222 has a side slide groove 2221 that engages with and slides along the slide rail 2211. The slide rail plate 221 is rotatably mounted to a side slide screw 630, but not axially. The side slide screw 630 passes through the side slide plate 222 and is threadedly mounted thereto. The side slide screw 630 is connected to the output shaft of a side slide motor 540, which is mounted on the slide rail plate 221. When the side slide motor 540 is started, it drives the side slide screw 630 to rotate circumferentially, thereby driving the side slide plate 222 to move axially, which in turn causes the side slide plate 222 to extend and retract relative to the slide rail plate 221 (conveying module 300). The bottom surface of the lower guide plate 223 is pressed or attached to the top surface of the planting box 210 to achieve positioning and fixing of the planting box 210. The lower guide plate 223 is installed on the planting frame 220.

[0053] Combination Figures 15-20 The planting box 210 is equipped with wheels 215 on both sides. A planting lock shaft 214 is installed on the end of the planting box 210 facing the corresponding conveying module 300, forming a lock shaft annular groove 2141 between the planting lock shaft 214 and the planting box 210. An end frame 240 is installed on the end of the planting base plate 230 away from the corresponding conveying module 300, and a wheel groove 231 is provided at the corresponding position of the planting base plate 230 and the wheel 215. The wheel groove 231 and the wheel 215 are engaged to achieve positioning of the planting base plate 230 and the planting box 210. An end optical shaft 241 is installed on the end frame 240. The end optical shaft 241 passes through the lock frame plate 252 and is axially slidably assembled with it. Two lock frames 250 are installed on the lock frame plate 252. The lock frame 250 is provided with a lock frame inclined surface 251 and a lock frame rack 771.

[0054] The planting box 210 has at least three wheels 215 on each side, and the three wheels 215 are evenly distributed on the side of the planting box 210. This design is mainly to ensure the stable movement of the planting box 210 when it moves between the planting base plate 230 and the conveyor belt 320. Because setting three pairs of wheels 215 allows the other two pairs of wheels 215 to provide effective support when one wheel 215 is suspended in the air, until the suspended wheel 215 engages with the conveyor belt 320 or the planting base plate 230.

[0055] Two sliding tubes 280 and two locking seats 270 are installed on the end of the planting box 210 away from the planting lock shaft 214. The sliding tubes 280 are axially slidably assembled with the planting box 210. One end of the sliding tube 280 is inserted into the planting box 210 and assembled with the tube cap 281. The sliding tube 280 also has a through sliding tube hole 282. A sliding tube ring 283 is installed on the other end of the sliding tube 280. A sliding tube spring 284 is fitted on the part of the sliding tube 280 between the sliding tube ring 283 and the planting box 210. The sliding tube spring 284 applies a thrust away from the planting box 210 to the sliding tube 280 so that the tube cap 281 is pressed tightly and sealed to the inner wall of the planting box 210 in the initial state.

[0056] The sliding tube 280 is axially slidably mounted on the locking seat 270, which is mounted on the planting box 210. The locking seat 270 is also provided with a locking seat inclined surface 271 and a locking seat sleeve 272. The sliding tube ring 283 is axially slidably mounted inside the locking seat sleeve 272. The locking seat inclined surface 271 is fitted and pressed against the locking frame inclined surface 251 to achieve the locking assembly of the locking frame 250 and the locking seat 270, thereby fixing the planting box 210 on the planting base plate 230.

[0057] The end face of the slide ring 283 is pressed and sealed against the end face of the ball valve ring 263. The ball valve ring 263 is mounted on the ball valve tube 262 and is axially slidably installed inside the lock seat sleeve 272. One end of the ball valve tube 262 is inserted into the ball valve 260, and the other end of the ball valve 260 is connected to one end of the throttle valve 501. The other ends of the two slide pipes 280 corresponding to the throttle valve 501 are respectively connected to the water supply branch pipe 411 and the drainage branch pipe 421. The water supply branch pipe 411 and the drainage branch pipe 421 are respectively connected to the water supply pipe 410 and the drainage pipe 420. One end of the water supply pipe 410 is connected to the water in the upper water tank 150, and one end of the drainage pipe 420 is connected to the interior of the lower water tank 110. The throttle valve 501 is used to adjust the flow rate of the corresponding ball valve 260. In this embodiment, the water flow power of the water supply pipe 410 and the drain pipe 420 is achieved through gravitational potential energy, which means that self-circulation can be realized. The water in the lower water tank 110 can be pumped into the upper water tank by a water pump. Since the entire water supply process is relatively slow, one pumping can last for a long time. This method is more energy-efficient compared to the current method of using a water pump to provide water flow power and continuous water supply.

[0058] The ball valve 260 contains a ball 261, which is fitted to one end of a valve stem 264. The other end of the valve stem 264 extends out of the ball valve 260 and is fitted to a ball valve gear 772. The ball valve gear 772 meshes with a lock frame rack 771, so that in the initial state, the lock frame rack 771 keeps the ball 261 in the open state, and the ball valve is in the open state. When the lock frame 250 moves away from the lock seat 270, the lock frame rack 771 drives the ball valve gear 772 to rotate, causing the ball 261 to rotate and close, that is, the ball valve 260 is closed.

[0059] See Figure 16 The locking frame plate 252 is fitted onto the locking frame screw 571 and is threadedly engaged with it. The locking frame screw 571 is rotatably mounted on the end frame 240 but not axially movable. The locking frame screw 571 is connected to the output shaft of the locking frame motor 570. After the locking frame motor 570 is started, it can drive the locking frame screw 571 to rotate circumferentially, thereby driving the locking frame plate 252 to move along its axial direction to drive the locking frame 250 to move synchronously. Figures 15-20 When the planting box 210 needs to be removed, the locking frame motor 570 starts, driving the locking frame screw 571 to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the locking frame plate 252 and the locking frame 250 away from the locking seat 270 until the locking frame 250 separates from the locking seat 270. At this point, the planting box 210 can be pulled out and the ball valve 260 closes. When the planting box 210 needs to be reinstalled, it is pushed between the two planting frames 220, causing the box wheel 215 to engage with the wheel groove 231 until the planting box 210 is close to the end frame 240. At this point, the ball valve tube ring 263 is inserted into the locking seat sleeve 272. The locking bracket motor 570 is activated, driving the locking bracket 250 to move towards the locking seat 270. This causes the inclined surface 251 of the locking bracket to engage with the inclined surface 271 of the locking seat, pulling the locking seat 270 towards the ball valve 260. During this process, the ball valve tube ring 263 and the slide tube ring 283 are pressed together, driving the slide tube 280 to overcome the elastic force of the slide tube spring 284 and move towards the tube cap 281, so that the slide tube hole 282 enters the planting box 210. Simultaneously, the locking bracket rack 771 engages with the ball valve gear 772, driving the ball valve gear 772 to rotate until the ball 261 rotates and opens, meaning the ball valve is in the open state. At this time, water from the water supply branch pipe 411 enters the planting box 210 and then exits from the drainage branch pipe 421 to form a circulation.

[0060] See Figure 1-10 The conveying module 300 includes a conveying frame 310, a conveyor belt 320, a conveyor motor 530, and a conveyor belt 740. The conveyor belt 320 and the conveyor motor 530 are both mounted on the conveyor frame 310. The conveyor belt 740 passes around the output shaft of the conveyor motor 530 and the belt shaft of the conveyor belt 320 to form a belt drive mechanism, thereby enabling the power of the conveyor motor 530 to be transmitted to the conveyor belt 320 to drive the conveyor belt 320 to run.

[0061] The conveyor frame 310 is also assembled with different conveyor frame plates 340 on both sides. The conveyor frame plates 340 are engaged and slidably assembled with the conveyor guide rail 160, which is mounted on the lower water tank 110 or the frame 120. The conveyor frame plates 340 are also assembled with the conveyor chain 760, which passes around the sprockets on the conveyor chain shaft 761 and the conveyor worm gear shaft 622 to form a chain drive structure. The conveyor chain shaft 761 and the conveyor worm gear shaft 622 are both mounted on the frame 120. A conveyor worm gear 752 is mounted on the conveyor worm gear shaft 622, and the conveyor worm gear 752 is connected to the conveyor worm 751. The transmission mechanism involves a meshing drive. The conveying worm 751 is mounted on or installed on a conveying worm shaft 621. One end of the conveying worm shaft 621 is inserted into the control box 140 and meshes with a second bevel gear 732. The second bevel gear 732 meshes with a first bevel gear 731. The first bevel gear 731 is mounted on a second drive shaft 612, on which a transmission worm 711 is mounted. The transmission worm 711 meshes with a transmission worm wheel 712, which is mounted on a first drive shaft 611. Both the first and second drive shafts 611 and 612 are mounted on the control box 140. One end of the second drive shaft 612 is connected to the output shaft of a lifting motor 510. When the lifting motor 510 is started, it drives the second drive shaft 612 to rotate, thereby driving the conveying worm shaft 621 and the first drive shaft 611 to rotate. A cable reel 722 and a cable reel 522 are respectively mounted on the first drive shaft 611. The cable reel 722 and the cable reel 522 are respectively assembled and wound around one end of the cable 721 and the cable 521, and the other end of the cable 721 and the cable 521 are respectively assembled to the conveyor frame 310. The cable reel 722 and the cable reel 522 are respectively installed in the cable reel frame 720 and the cable reel frame 520, and the cable reel frame 720 and the cable reel frame 520 are both mounted on the control box 140. In use, a lifting motor 510 can drive the cable 721, the cable 521 and the conveyor chain 760 to move up and down synchronously, thereby driving the conveyor module 300 to move up and down along the frame 120.

[0062] See Figures 22-29To ensure that the planting box 210 can be positioned and guided by the conveyor belt 320 when it transports the planting box 210, so that the planting box 210 can be installed on the corresponding planting base plate 230 and between the two planting racks 220, this embodiment has a fixed edge 311 on the side of the conveyor rack 310 away from the corresponding planting unit 200. In use, the fixed edge 311 fits against the outer side of the planting box 210 to guide and position the planting box. Simultaneously, a movable edge 330 is installed on the conveyor frame 310, and an edge mounting plate 331 is provided on the movable edge 330. The edge mounting plate 331 is axially slidably fitted onto the edge optical shaft 350. A first conveyor frame plate 313 and a second conveyor frame plate 312 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the conveyor frame 310 at the edge mounting plate 331. The first conveyor frame plate 313 and the second conveyor frame plate 312 are respectively assembled with the edge optical shaft 350. The edge mounting plate 331 is also assembled with an edge electric cylinder shaft 561, which is installed inside an edge electric cylinder 560, which is mounted on the conveyor frame 310. In use, the edge electric cylinder shaft 561 can be driven axially by the edge electric cylinder 560 to drive the movable edge 330 to move axially along the edge electric cylinder shaft 561. Before pushing or pulling the planting box 210 between the two planting racks 220 on the planting base plate 230, the movable edge 330 should be lowered so that its top surface does not exceed the top surface of the conveyor belt 320, thus avoiding obstruction of the planting box 210's passage. When conveying the planting box 210, the movable edge 330 should be moved to its highest point. Figure 27 (State), thereby fitting against the side of the locking seat 270 and cooperating with the fixed edge 311 to transport and guide the planting box 210.

[0063] See Figures 1-11 , Figures 21-26 The pick-and-place unit 800 includes a locking seat 810, a scissor mechanism 820, a pick-and-place seat 830, and a cable 840. The pick-and-place seat 830 is mounted on the conveyor frame 310. The two ends of the scissor mechanism 820 are respectively assembled with the pick-and-place seat 830 and the locking seat 810. The scissor mechanism 820 is used to drive the locking seat 810 to move relative to the pick-and-place seat 830.

[0064] One end of the scissor lift mechanism 820 is assembled with the slider 821, which is mounted on the slider shaft 652 and the slider screw 651. The slider screw 651 and the slider 821 are assembled by threaded engagement. The slider shaft 652 and the slider screw 651 are both mounted on the pick-and-place seat 830. One end of the slider screw 651 is connected to the output shaft of the slider motor 550, which is mounted on the pick-and-place seat 830.

[0065] The pick-and-place seat 830 is also equipped with a cable reel 843. The cable reel 843 is assembled and wound with one end of the cable 840. The cable reel 843 is fitted on a reel shaft 660. The reel shaft 660 is mounted on the pick-and-place seat 830 and a cable worm gear 782 is mounted on the reel shaft 660. The cable worm gear 782 meshes with a cable worm 781 for transmission. The cable worm 781 is set or mounted on a cable motor shaft 581. The cable motor shaft 581 is installed inside a cable motor 580. The cable motor 580 is mounted on the pick-and-place seat 830.

[0066] The other end of the cable 840 passes over the second guide wheel 842, the tension sensor 503, and the first guide wheel 841 before being assembled with the eccentric ring 641. The second guide wheel 842 is mounted on the pick-and-place seat 830, and the tension sensor 503 is used to detect the tension of the cable 840. The first guide wheel 841 is mounted on the locking seat 810, and the eccentric ring 641 is mounted on the camshaft 640. The camshaft 640 is mounted on the end of the camshaft 640 away from the eccentric ring 641, and is assembled with the spring 502. The outer shell of the spring 502 is mounted on the locking seat 810, and the inner shaft is assembled with the camshaft 640, so that when the camshaft 640 rotates, it can drive the spring to unfold or wind up.

[0067] Combination Figure 20 , Figure 22 , Figures 21-24 The locking seat 810 has a locking seat hole 811 corresponding to the planting locking shaft 214. A locking frame 850 and a roller frame 854 are installed in the locking seat hole 811. The locking frame 850 is assembled with one end of the locking frame shaft 852. The other end of the locking frame shaft 852 is fitted with a locking spring 853, which extends out of the locking seat 810 and is axially slidably assembled with it. The locking spring 853 applies a spring force to the locking frame 850, pushing it towards the planting locking shaft 214. One end of the locking frame 850 is engaged in the locking shaft annular groove 2141, thus assembling the planting box 210 and the locking seat 810. At this time, the locking seat 810 can pull the planting box 210.

[0068] The locking frame 850 is provided with a locking frame inclined surface 851. The locking frame inclined surface 851 can cooperate with the end face of the planting locking shaft 214 to squeeze the locking frame 850 to overcome the elastic force of the locking spring 853 and move upward until the locking shaft annular groove 2141 corresponds with the locking frame 850. Then, the locking frame 850 moves downward and locks under the action of the locking spring 853.

[0069] A roller 855 is rotatably mounted on the roller frame 854. The roller 855 is pressed against the side of the cam 860. The cam 860 is fitted onto the camshaft 640 and has a long shaft end 861 and a short shaft end 862. The distance between the long shaft end 861 and the axis of the cam 860 is greater than the distance between the short shaft end 862 and the axis of the cam 860. In the initial state, the short shaft end 862 is pressed against the roller 855.

[0070] When the locking bracket 850 needs to be unlocked from the locking ring groove 2141, the cable 840 winds up, thereby pulling the eccentric ring 641 to rotate, which in turn drives the camshaft 640 to rotate 90° against the spring force of the clock spring 502. This causes the long shaft end 861 to press against the roller 855, which lifts the locking bracket 850 towards the locking spring 853, allowing the locking bracket 850 to exit the locking ring groove 2141 and unlock. At this time, the locking seat 810 can be separated from the planting box 210.

[0071] The operation process of this invention is roughly as follows:

[0072] S1, the upper water tank has a capacity of 150 cubic meters and stores water and fertilizer for planting.

[0073] S2. Adjust the inlet and outlet throttle valves of each planting unit 200 so that water is supplied to each planting box 210 within the preset flow rate range.

[0074] S3. Turn on the plant light 131 as needed to ensure the normal growth of the plants.

[0075] S4. Multiple planting sections are added, with each frame corresponding to two planting sections. The two frames are connected by a conveyor device, and the conveyor belt 320 works with the conveyor device to transport the planting boxes.

[0076] S5. During planting, simply plant the seedling in the planting box at a fixed position, then use a conveyor to transport it to the corresponding conveyor belt 320, and then use the conveyor belt 320 to transfer it to the corresponding planting unit for placement. During this process, the side slide plate 222 of the corresponding planting unit 200 on the side away from the planting box 210 in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 320 extends to block the passage of the planting box 210. After the planting box 210 contacts and presses against this side slide plate 222, the conveyor belt 320 stops running. Then, the other side slide plate 222 of this planting unit 200 extends, thereby clamping the planting box 210 between the two side slide plates 222. Start the corresponding slider motor 550 and cable motor 580 of this planting unit 200. The slider motor 550 drives the scissor mechanism 820 to extend away from the pick-and-place seat 830, thereby using the lock seat 810 to push the planting box 210 into the corresponding planting base plate 230 until the planting box 210 is close to the end frame 240. The cable motor 580 synchronously releases the cable 840, completing the installation of the planting box 210. The locking frame motor 570 is started, driving the locking frame 250 to move down and engage with the locking seat 270 to lock the planting box 210, and the ball valve is opened.

[0077] Then, the cable motor 580 is started. The cable motor 580 drives the cam 860 to rotate 90° through the cable 840 so that the locking bracket 850 separates from the locking shaft ring groove 2141. (During this process, the tension sensor 503 can determine whether the cam has rotated to the correct position by detecting the tension. This needs to be adjusted in advance because the torque of the cam overcoming the rotation of the spring is fixed.) Then, the slider motor 550 drives the scissor mechanism 820 to carry the locking seat 810 to retract and reset to the pick-and-place seat 830, and the cable motor 580 simultaneously winds up the cable 840.

[0078] S6. When the planting box 210 needs to be removed, the two side slides 222 corresponding to the planting box 210 extend. The locking frame motor 570 drives the locking frame 250 to move upward and separate from the locking seat 270, and the ball valve closes. The slider motor 550 and the cable motor 580 are started, driving the locking seat 810 to press against the corresponding planting box 210, and the planting locking shaft 214 is inserted into the locking seat hole 811. At the same time, the planting locking shaft 214 pushes open the locking frame 850 until the locking frame 850 is locked into the locking shaft ring groove 2141 to complete the locking. The slider motor 550 and the cable motor 580 reverse to pull the planting box 210 towards the corresponding conveyor belt 320 through the locking seat 810 until the planting box 320 is completely inside the conveyor belt 320, at which point the slider motor 550 and the cable motor 580 stop. The cable motor 580 starts, and the tension sensor detects the tension of the cable, causing the cable to drive the cam to rotate 90° to unlock. After unlocking, the camshaft 640 reverses and resets under the action of the spring. The slider motor 550 and the cable motor 580 start, driving the locking seat 810 to continue moving towards the pick-and-place seat 830 to reset. The edge electric cylinder 560 starts, driving the movable edge 330 to move upward and engage with the locking seat 270 of the planting box to achieve the positioning of the locking seat 270. The two side slide plates 222 move in opposite directions to reset, and the conveyor belt 320 starts, transporting the planting box 210 to the output of the conveying device. In this embodiment, a collision switch can be installed on the side slide plate 222. When the planting box triggers the collision switch, it is considered that the planting box has completed the tight positioning with the corresponding side slide plate 222, thereby achieving automatic positioning.

[0079] S7. The planting boxes 210 on the same frame 120 can flexibly adapt to the up-and-down movement of the corresponding conveyor module 300. Specifically, the lifting motor 510 is started, driving the conveyor chain 760, steel cable 721, and cable 521 to move synchronously to lift the entire conveyor module 300. The cable 521 supplies power and communication to the electrical equipment on the conveyor module 300, so that the industrial control computer and power supply installed on the frame can control the motors on the conveyor module 300 and supply power to the corresponding motors respectively.

[0080] S8. An image acquisition device (camera) can be installed at each planting unit to collect images of the planting box. Combined with existing AI technology, it can identify the growth of the plants and whether they can be harvested, thereby achieving unmanned and intelligent management.

[0081] Any aspects of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0082] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A hydroponic planting device with a self-circulating function, characterized in that: It includes an upper water tank, a lower water tank, a frame, a light panel, a control box, and two planting sections. The two ends of the frame are respectively assembled and fixed to the light panel and the lower water tank. The control box is installed on the frame or the top light panel, and the upper water tank is installed on the control box. The planting sections are installed on both sides of the frame. The planting section includes a conveying module, planting units, and pick-and-place units. Plant lights are installed on the light panel. The planting units are installed on the frame. The pick-and-place units are installed on the conveying module and correspond one-to-one with the planting units. The planting units are installed in multiple layers on the frame. The conveying module can be raised and lowered relative to the frame to accommodate the planting units of each layer. The planting unit includes a planting box, a planting rack, a planting base plate, and a light plate. There are two planting racks installed on both sides of the planting base plate. The planting box is installed between the two planting racks and is used to plant plants. An end frame is installed on the end of the planting base plate away from the corresponding conveying module. An end optical shaft is installed on the end frame. The end optical shaft passes through the locking frame plate and is axially slidably assembled with it. Two locking frames are installed on the locking frame plate. The locking frames are provided with locking frame inclined surfaces and locking frame racks. Two sliding tubes and two locking seats are installed on the end of the planting box away from the planting lock shaft. The sliding tubes are axially slidably assembled with the planting box. One end of the sliding tube is inserted into the planting box and assembled with the tube cap. A through sliding tube hole is also provided on this end of the sliding tube. A sliding tube ring is installed on the other end of the sliding tube. A sliding tube spring is fitted on the part of the sliding tube between the sliding tube ring and the planting box. The sliding tube spring applies a thrust to the sliding tube away from the planting box. The sliding tube is axially slidably mounted on the lock seat, which is mounted on the planting box. The lock seat is also provided with a lock seat inclined surface and a lock seat sleeve. The sliding tube ring is axially slidably mounted inside the lock seat sleeve. The lock seat inclined surface is fitted and pressed against the lock frame inclined surface to achieve the locking assembly of the lock frame and the lock seat. The end face of the sliding tube ring is pressed and sealed with the end face of the ball valve tube ring. The ball valve tube ring is set on the ball valve tube, and the ball valve tube is axially slidably installed in the lock seat sleeve. One end of the ball valve tube is inserted into the ball valve. A ball is installed inside the ball valve. The ball is assembled with one end of the valve stem. The other end of the valve stem passes through the ball valve and is assembled with the ball valve gear. The ball valve gear meshes with the lock frame rack so that in the initial state, the lock frame rack keeps the ball in the open state, and the ball valve is in the open state. When the lock frame moves away from the lock seat, the lock frame rack will drive the ball valve gear to rotate so that the ball rotates to close, that is, the ball valve is closed. The locking frame plate is fitted onto the locking frame screw and is screwed onto it. The locking frame screw is rotatable but not axially movable and is mounted on the end frame. The locking frame screw is connected to the output shaft of the locking frame motor.

2. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The planting box contains, from top to bottom, a planting pad, a mesh frame, and a water storage pad. Both the planting pad and the water storage pad are made of absorbent material, and the mesh frame has several through holes.

3. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The planting rack is equipped with a slide rail plate, a side slide plate, and a lower guide plate. The slide rail plate is provided with a slide rail, and the side slide plate is provided with a side slide groove that engages with and slides with the slide rail. The slide rail plate and the side slide screw are rotatable but not axially movable. The side slide screw passes through the side slide plate and is threadedly engaged with it. The side slide screw is connected to the output shaft of the side slide motor, and the side slide motor is mounted on the slide rail plate.

4. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the ball valve is connected to one end of the throttle valve. The two slide tubes, corresponding to the other ends of the throttle valve, are respectively connected to the water supply branch pipe and the drainage branch pipe. The water supply branch pipe and the drainage branch pipe are respectively connected to the water supply pipe and the drainage pipe. One end of the water supply pipe is connected to the water in the upper water tank, and one end of the drainage pipe is connected to the interior of the lower water tank.

5. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The planting box is equipped with wheels on both sides, and the planting base plate is provided with wheel grooves at the corresponding positions of the wheels. The wheel grooves and wheels are engaged to achieve positioning of the planting base plate and the planting box.

6. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying module includes a conveyor frame, a conveyor belt, a conveyor motor, and a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt and the conveyor motor are both mounted on the conveyor frame. The conveyor belt passes over the output shaft of the conveyor motor and the belt shaft of the conveyor belt to form a belt drive mechanism. The conveyor frame is also assembled with different conveyor frame plates on both sides. The conveyor frame plates are engaged and slidably assembled with the conveyor guide rails, which are installed on the lower water tank or the frame. The conveyor frame plates are also assembled with a conveyor chain. The conveyor chain passes around the sprockets on the conveyor chain shaft and the conveyor worm wheel shaft to form a chain drive structure. The conveyor chain shaft and the conveyor worm wheel shaft are both installed on the frame. A conveyor worm wheel is installed on the conveyor worm wheel shaft. The conveyor worm wheel meshes with the conveyor worm. The conveyor worm is set on or installed on the conveyor worm shaft. One end of the conveyor worm shaft is installed in the control box and meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear. The first bevel gear is installed on the second drive shaft. A transmission worm is installed on the second drive shaft. The transmission worm meshes with the transmission worm wheel. The transmission worm wheel is installed on the first drive shaft. Both the first and second drive shafts are installed on the control box. One end of the second drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor. A cable reel and a cable reel are respectively installed on the first drive shaft. The cable reel and the cable reel are respectively assembled and wound with one end of the steel cable and the cable. The other end of the steel cable and the cable are respectively assembled with the conveyor frame. The cable reel and the cable reel are respectively installed in the cable reel frame and the cable reel frame. The cable reel frame and the cable reel frame are both installed on the control box.

7. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: in The conveyor frame has a fixed edge on the side away from the corresponding planting unit. When in use, the fixed edge fits against the outer side of the planting box to guide and position the planting box. A movable edge is installed on the conveyor frame, and an edge mounting plate is provided on the movable edge. The edge mounting plate is axially slidably fitted onto the edge optical shaft. A first conveyor frame plate and a second conveyor frame plate are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the conveyor frame located on the edge mounting plate. The first conveyor frame plate and the second conveyor frame plate are respectively assembled with the edge optical shaft. The edge mounting plate is also assembled with the edge electric cylinder shaft. The edge electric cylinder shaft is installed in the edge electric cylinder, and the edge electric cylinder is installed on the conveyor frame.

8. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A planting lock shaft is installed on the end of the planting box facing the corresponding conveying module, and a lock shaft annular groove is formed between the planting lock shaft and the planting box. The pick-and-place unit includes a locking seat, a scissor mechanism, a pick-and-place seat, and a cable. The pick-and-place seat is mounted on a conveyor frame. The two ends of the scissor mechanism are respectively assembled with the pick-and-place seat and the locking seat. The scissor mechanism is used to drive the locking seat to move relative to the pick-and-place seat. One end of the scissor lift mechanism is assembled with a slider, which is mounted on a slider shaft and a slider screw. The slider screw and the slider are assembled by threaded engagement. Both the slider shaft and the slider screw are mounted on a pick-and-place base. One end of the slider screw is connected to the output shaft of the slider motor, which is mounted on the pick-and-place base. The pick-and-place base is also equipped with a cable reel, which is assembled and wound with one end of the cable. The cable reel is fitted onto a reel shaft, which is mounted on the pick-and-place base and has a cable worm gear installed on it. The cable worm gear meshes with a cable worm gear for transmission. The cable worm gear is set on or mounted on a cable motor shaft, which is installed inside a cable motor. The cable motor is mounted on the pick-and-place base. The other end of the cable passes over the second guide wheel, the tension sensor, and the first guide wheel before being assembled with the eccentric ring. The second guide wheel is mounted on the pick-and-place seat, and the tension sensor is used to detect the tension of the cable. The first guide wheel is mounted on the locking seat, the eccentric ring is mounted on the camshaft, and the camshaft is mounted on the locking seat; the end of the camshaft away from the eccentric ring is assembled with a spring, the outer shell of the spring is mounted on the locking seat, and the inner shaft is assembled with the camshaft; The locking seat has a locking seat hole corresponding to the planting locking shaft. A locking frame and a roller frame are installed in the locking seat hole. The locking frame is assembled with one end of the locking frame shaft. The other end of the locking frame shaft is fitted with a locking spring, which then passes through the locking seat and is axially slidably assembled with it. The locking spring applies a spring force to the locking frame to push it toward the planting locking shaft. One end of the locking frame is engaged in the locking shaft annular groove to realize the assembly of the planting box and the locking seat. The roller frame is rotatably mounted with rollers, which are pressed against the side of the cam. The cam is fitted onto the camshaft and has a long shaft end and a short shaft end. The distance between the long shaft end and the cam axis is greater than the distance between the short shaft end and the cam axis. In the initial state, the short shaft end is pressed against the roller.

9. The hydroponic planting device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The locking frame is provided with a locking frame inclined surface, which can cooperate with the end face of the planting locking shaft to squeeze the locking frame to overcome the elastic force of the locking spring and move upward until the locking shaft annular groove corresponds with the locking frame. Then, the locking frame moves downward and locks under the action of the locking spring.

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