Finned tube heat exchanger, multi-system heavy load air conditioner host and equipment platform thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency energy-saving air conditioner, and discloses a finned tube heat exchanger, a multi-system heavy load air conditioner main unit and an equipment platform. The finned tube heat exchanger is provided with heat exchange tube groups penetrating through the fin plate in parallel along the short side direction of the fin plate; the heat exchange tube groups are connected to different compressors to construct different air conditioner unit main units; the air conditioner main unit comprises at least two air conditioner unit main units; and the air conditioner main unit equipment platform is provided with the air conditioner main unit in the transverse direction. The combination of multiple small-power air conditioner unit main units in multiple air conditioner main units can more efficiently meet the wide variation and partition variation of the building heat load, and increase the flexibility of the air conditioning system. The present application also comprises the combination of the air conditioner unit main unit and the air energy water heater main unit, and the combination of the air conditioner unit main unit and the air energy water heater main unit. The present application improves the utilization coefficient of the whole two-in-one finned tube heat exchanger, and improves the COP of the two systems of the air conditioner unit main unit and the air conditioner unit main unit (air energy water heater main unit).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency energy-saving refrigeration and air conditioning technology, and more specifically, relates to a finned tube heat exchanger and its multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit and equipment platform. Background Technology

[0002] An external corridor-type equipment platform refers to a floor in a high-rise building where the entire or most of the effective area of ​​the external corridor is used for the installation of air conditioning and other equipment. Currently, the external heat exchanger modules of existing commercial central air conditioning units are mostly configured with "finned tube heat exchangers + top-discharge axial flow fans." Multi-split commercial central air conditioning units used in high-rise or super high-rise buildings are typically located within an external corridor-type equipment platform to efficiently and intensively utilize the platform space and air source heat pump resources, reducing the construction cost of the equipment platform while achieving efficient energy resource utilization.

[0003] Currently, multi-split air conditioning units, air-cooled water chiller modules, and other "top-discharge" air conditioning units, as well as the relationship between the unit and the building structure, are still "two separate entities." The air conditioning unit is still the same unit, and the equipment platform is still the traditional external corridor structure. Only the spatial displacement of the air conditioning unit has been implemented. Neither of them adapts to the structural relationship requirements of the building's distributed energy system.

[0004] Existing multi-split systems, air-cooled water chiller modules, and other "top-discharge" commercial central air conditioning units, as well as the structural relationship between the air conditioning units and the external corridor-type equipment platform, still have many technical problems, including:

[0005] The problem of large rated power and limited output flexibility of air conditioning units. Currently, air conditioning units have very large rated power for cooling and heating, often in the tens, hundreds, or even thousands of kilowatts. Although inverter technology provides the possibility of adjusting the load output of the air conditioning unit, if the power output of the air conditioning unit is adjusted over a wide range using inverter technology, the efficiency (COP) of the air conditioning unit will decrease significantly under low load conditions. How to reduce the rated capacity of the unit and stabilize the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system under low load and low load rate conditions is an important issue in building HVAC design.

[0006] In current fully-furnished residential buildings, the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit are separated and set up independently. This does not make full use of the heat exchanger resources of the refrigeration system when it is not in operation, resulting in waste of equipment and energy. This is also an important problem in building HVAC design. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a finned tube heat exchanger.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit.

[0009] Another objective of this invention is to provide an air conditioning unit equipment platform.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A finned tube heat exchanger includes finned plates and heat exchange tubes; a number of parallel finned plates spaced at a certain distance form a fin group.

[0012] Heat exchange tubes are installed in a direction perpendicular to the finned plate; at least two sets of heat exchange tubes are installed in parallel along the short side of the finned plate; the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube sets are arranged along the long side of the finned plate; the parallel heat exchange tube sets are connected to the compressors of different refrigeration and air conditioning systems; the fins between each heat exchange tube set form fin thermal bridges in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchanger tubes in the same row are connected in parallel to the refrigerant piping of the same refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0014] A finned tube heat exchanger includes finned plates and heat exchange tubes; a plurality of parallel finned plates spaced at a certain distance form a fin group; heat exchange tubes are inserted in a direction perpendicular to the finned plates; at least two groups of heat exchange tubes inserted in parallel along the short side of the finned plates are arranged side by side; at least one group of heat exchange tubes is an air source water heater heat exchange tube group; the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube group are arranged along the long side of the finned plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the finned plate includes at least two sets of heat exchange tubes for the air conditioning system, and the heat exchange tubes of the air source water heater are located between adjacent heat exchange tubes for the air conditioning system. The fins between each heat exchange tube set form thermal bridges in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

[0016] A multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit includes a casing, a finned tube heat exchanger, a fan, and at least two compressor modules consisting of an air conditioning compressor and a gas-liquid separator.

[0017] At least two sets of gas-liquid separators, air conditioning compressors, four-way valves, heat exchanger assemblies, expansion valves and refrigerant pipelines of air conditioning indoor units are sequentially connected to form at least two sets of refrigerant circulation loops for refrigeration and air conditioning systems, forming at least two independently operating air conditioning unit main units;

[0018] A finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of at least two flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers; or a V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers is a finned tube heat exchanger assembly; or a finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of a flat-plate finned tube heat exchanger and the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers.

[0019] The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fin is a broken line; the long side of the fins of the finned tube heat exchanger is set in the vertical direction or close to the vertical direction.

[0020] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is located at the air inlet of the shell and forms a negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly with at least part of the shell, which is connected to the heat exchange air path of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0021] The negative pressure chamber is provided with an air outlet on the top or back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly. The air outlet of the negative pressure chamber is equipped with a fan and an exhaust chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the exhaust cavity is a cavity with a unidirectional exhaust port, including a vertical exhaust cavity and a horizontal exhaust cavity that are interconnected; the exhaust port of the exhaust cavity is located on the horizontal exhaust cavity and is far away from the vertical exhaust cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, a compressor chamber is provided on the rear side of the back panel of the vertical exhaust cavity for installing the refrigerant circuit assembly, including the air conditioning compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box.

[0024] Furthermore, the cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fin is V-shaped or N-shaped, or it is composed of at least two finned tube heat exchangers with V-shaped cross-sections perpendicular to the fins arranged continuously.

[0025] Preferably, the cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fins is W-shaped; preferably, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 15° to 110°.

[0026] Preferably, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 90°.

[0027] Preferably, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 60°.

[0028] Furthermore, the finned tube heat exchanger assembly serves as the air inlet for the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber is located on the same side as the air inlet inside the shell.

[0029] Furthermore, the exhaust chamber is located below the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly or above the top plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0030] Preferably, the exhaust cavity is a cavity with a unidirectional exhaust port, including a vertical exhaust cavity and a horizontal exhaust cavity that are interconnected; the exhaust port of the exhaust cavity is located on the horizontal exhaust cavity and is far from the vertical exhaust cavity; the horizontal exhaust cavity is located below the bottom plate of the negative pressure cavity of the heat exchanger assembly or above the top plate of the negative pressure cavity of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0031] Preferably, the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber faces the short side of the air conditioning unit housing.

[0032] Furthermore, at least two fans are installed at the exhaust port of the negative pressure chamber; preferably, the fans are arranged in the same vertical plane.

[0033] Furthermore, the fan is an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan. Preferably, the fan is a backward-curved external rotor centrifugal fan.

[0034] Furthermore, each unit host independently controls its operating status.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat exchanger tube assembly of the air source water heater is connected to the unit main unit of the air source water heater; the remaining heat exchanger tube assemblies are connected to the air conditioning unit main unit of the air conditioning system.

[0036] An air conditioning unit platform is provided, wherein at least one set of air conditioning units is arranged horizontally within the platform; the platform has an exterior facade for ventilation, and the air inlet of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit system is close to the exterior facade; the air outlet of the exhaust cavity is located and / or close to the exterior facade.

[0037] Furthermore, exhaust and intake areas are set on the facade; the exhaust area on the facade corresponds to the exhaust cavity of the air conditioning unit, and the intake area on the facade corresponds to the air inlet of the air conditioning unit.

[0038] Furthermore, the exhaust zones on the facade are continuously arranged on the upper part of the facade, and the air intake zones on the facade are continuously arranged on the middle and lower parts of the facade. The boundary between the exhaust zones and the air intake zones on the facade is a horizontal straight line or the boundary line is close to a horizontal straight line.

[0039] Furthermore, the area of ​​the exhaust zone on the facade is 25% to 50% of the facade area used for ventilation.

[0040] Furthermore, the back panel of the air conditioning unit and the inner wall of the equipment platform form a three-in-one passage for pedestrians, maintenance, and installation of copper pipes and cable trays for the air conditioning system.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] ① Increased the flexibility of the air conditioning system

[0043] Distributed energy systems in buildings require air conditioning systems to have good output flexibility to meet various load demands;

[0044] This invention arranges multiple sets of refrigeration and air conditioning system heat exchange tube groups in a single finned tube heat exchanger assembly, either as one unit or two units, or as one unit or three units. Multiple low-power unit main units (including air conditioning compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, and refrigerant circuit components in the electrical box) are set in one air conditioning main unit housing. This reduces the rated capacity of each unit main unit. By combining multiple low-power air conditioning unit main units, the system can more efficiently meet the wide range and zoned changes of building heat load, stabilize the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system under low load and low load rate conditions, and increase the flexibility of the air conditioning system.

[0045] ② Construct a high-efficiency heat exchange airflow structure for the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit to improve the energy density and energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit.

[0046] This invention uses a horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger as the basic unit of the air conditioner main unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioner main unit, multiple horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers are continuously arranged parallel to the air inlet surface of the air conditioner main unit. The finned tube heat exchangers are spread out along the air inlet surface of the multiple horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers to obtain a large area of ​​ventilation surface for the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is then spread out again on the ventilation surface of the large area of ​​the finned tube heat exchanger assembly to obtain a huge area of ​​finned heat transfer surface.

[0047] The air conditioning unit of this invention adopts the above-mentioned aerodynamic layout and airflow structure. In the chain process of medium-speed airflow into the heat exchanger → finned blades disperse and decelerate → heat exchange on the huge heat exchange area S of the total ventilation surface → convergence and acceleration → fan pressurization → high-speed discharge, the airflow uses the fan as the power source, the negative pressure chamber as the core, and the fin gaps of the huge continuous arrangement of V-shaped finned heat exchangers as the lowest speed zone. This completes one fan pressurization and two static pressure-dynamic pressure conversions before and after the fan, which is efficient and smooth, and constructs a high-efficiency heat exchange airflow structure inside the air conditioning unit.

[0048] This invention uses a horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger as the basic unit of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The two flat plate finned tube heat exchangers constituting the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger include multiple refrigerant branches of multiple refrigeration systems. Multiple refrigerant branches share a set of fins. A set of fins includes several parallel fins.

[0049] The present invention relates to a refrigeration system heat exchanger in operation, which can utilize the fin heat exchange area of ​​a refrigeration system heat exchanger in a non-operational state through the lateral thermal bridge effect of the fins. This results in an enlarged fin heat exchange area of ​​the operating system heat exchanger, thereby increasing evaporation pressure, decreasing condensation pressure, decreasing compressor exhaust temperature, increasing refrigeration and heating power, and improving energy efficiency ratio.

[0050] ③ Facilitate air conditioner unit inspection and repair

[0051] This invention centrally positions all refrigerant circuit components, such as the compressor, gas-liquid separator, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box, in the ventilation blind zone of the lower middle part of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly, close to the back plate. Furthermore, the back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly is located on the short side of the air conditioning unit. When the air conditioning unit is installed on the equipment platform, the back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly faces the maintenance passage on the inner side of the equipment platform.

[0052] The components of an air conditioning unit that may malfunction are typically moving parts of the refrigerant circuit, such as the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, and electrical box, as well as circuit components such as contactors, controllers, sensors, and fans. The structural design of the air conditioning unit in this invention facilitates inspection and maintenance: when a malfunction occurs, the back panel can be opened through the maintenance channel on the inside of the equipment platform, providing a clear view of the refrigerant circuit components such as the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, electrical box, and fan, making inspection and maintenance extremely convenient and solving the inherent historical problem of inspection and maintenance of air conditioning units.

[0053] ④ This invention creates conditions for constructing a side-inlet, side-outlet airflow path structure to complement the equipment platform's exterior facade. The classic top-outlet central air conditioning unit is tailor-made for rooftop terrace scenarios. Moving the air conditioning unit from the rooftop terrace to the middle-level equipment platform requires an innovative combination of the top-outlet air conditioning unit's airflow path and the platform's exterior facade. This invention not only has a compact structure, but also features the air conditioning unit's exhaust and inlet vents arranged in the same direction, on the same side, and vertically, thus providing conditions for installation on the equipment platform adjacent to the exterior facade and for constructing a side-inlet, side-outlet airflow path structure to complement the equipment platform's exterior facade.

[0054] Under the design concept of air inlet area: exhaust area ≈ 2:1, this invention achieves an exhaust velocity twice that of the inlet velocity and an exhaust dynamic pressure head four times that of the inlet dynamic pressure head. This effectively increases the exhaust velocity and kinetic energy of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioner unit, and effectively increases the range and diffusion dilution effect of the exhaust jet of the air conditioner unit as it passes through the outer facade of the equipment platform and enters the ambient atmosphere.

[0055] ⑤ Reduce the horizontal width of the equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit.

[0056] The width of a building facade is a crucial resource in the building index system, second only to the building area. Currently, the air conditioning unit's air inlet and outlet surfaces occupy too much of the horizontal width of the building's equipment floor facade, which obstructs ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space and the external environment on the same floor. This has become a prominent problem in building HVAC design.

[0057] This invention improves the power density of the air conditioning unit by reorganizing the internal external heat exchanger and the air inlet and outlet paths of the external heat exchanger. Furthermore, it reorganizes the structural relationship between the air conditioning unit and the equipment platform, significantly reducing inefficient and ineffective space. As a result, under the same building heat load conditions, it significantly reduces the floor area occupied by the equipment platform and the lateral width of the building equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit, thus ensuring ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space of the same floor and the external environment. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the total temperature difference between the condenser body and the evaporator body of an air conditioning system, which is the sum of the three temperature differences: the temperature difference between the high-temperature and low-temperature heat sources, and the temperature difference between the evaporator body.

[0059] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the pressure-enthalpy relationship of a refrigeration cycle, which is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle. This is because the increase in the total heat exchange area of ​​the external heat exchangers of a refrigeration and air conditioning system leads to an increase in evaporation pressure, resulting in an increase in the heat absorbed by the refrigerant per unit mass, a decrease in compression work, an increase in COP, an increase in the refrigerant circulation volume, and an increase in the heat absorbed by the evaporator and the heat released by the condenser.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the finned transverse and longitudinal thermal bridges of the multi-branch dual-system flat finned tube heat exchanger in Example 1. The left and right sides are two branches of two refrigeration systems.

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger structure for each of the three branches of the dual refrigeration system in Example 1.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit of the dual refrigeration system with continuous horizontal V-shaped finned tube arrangement in Example 2.

[0063] Figure 6 A horizontal cross-sectional view of the air conditioner unit during operation, showing how the "fin planer" at the fin gap inlet intercepts the incoming airflow, slowing it down as it enters the fin gap for heat exchange and then exits.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air conditioning unit of the dual-refrigeration system in Example 3;

[0065] Figure 8 These are three horizontal sectional views of the air conditioning unit of the dual-refrigeration system in Example 3;

[0066] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-system air conditioning principle of the dual-cooling system air conditioning unit in Example 3;

[0067] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning unit structure of the dual-refrigeration system in Example 4;

[0068] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse and longitudinal thermal bridges in the fins of the multi-branch dual-system flat finned tube heat exchanger in Example 5.

[0069] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning hot water system in Example 6, where the external heat exchanger of the air source water heater is embedded in the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit.

[0070] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical structure of the air conditioning unit platform for the dual-refrigeration system in Example 7;

[0071] Figure 14 This is a top view of the airflow operation of the air conditioning unit platform of the dual-refrigeration system in Example 7;

[0072] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the air intake and exhaust areas on the exterior of the equipment platform. Detailed Implementation

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0075] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0076] This invention focuses on evaporation pressure (evaporation temperature) and uses it as the primary factor in a refrigeration and air conditioning system. This invention discovers that evaporation pressure determines the density of the low-pressure refrigerant gas drawn into the compressor and the compressor's compression ratio. If the evaporation pressure of the external heat exchanger (evaporator) of the heat pump air conditioner unit increases from 5 kg to 6 kg in winter, the system's refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, and condenser heat release will all increase by 20% simultaneously, and the compressor's compression ratio and compressor discharge temperature will also drop accordingly.

[0077] Based on the premise that "evaporation pressure (evaporation temperature) is the primary factor in refrigeration and air conditioning systems," this invention innovatively analyzes the relationship between the heat transfer capacity Q of finned tube heat exchangers such as air conditioner evaporators and condensers, the overall heat transfer coefficient K, the heat transfer area S, and the heat transfer temperature difference Δt between the refrigerant and air. The formula Q = K × S × Δt further proposes the technical judgment that "the key factor in improving the evaporation pressure of the current air conditioning unit, reducing the condensation pressure, and improving the heat transfer capacity of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit lies in increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger."

[0078] In the heat exchanger heat transfer capacity Q = K × S × Δt, the approach of significantly increasing the heat transfer capacity Q by expanding the overall heat transfer coefficient K and the heat transfer temperature difference Δt within the heat exchanger body is no longer effective. This is because, as this invention has found, corrugated fins, slotted fins, and internally threaded copper tubes are widely used in the evaporators and condensers of current refrigeration and air conditioning systems, already bringing the overall heat transfer coefficient K of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit close to its peak value. Therefore, the marginal effect of further optimizing the fin structure, copper tube structure, and the airflow interaction between the fins and copper tubes to increase the K value has sharply diminished. In situations with specific low-temperature and high-temperature heat sources—that is, when the temperature, humidity, and other thermophysical properties of the high-temperature and low-temperature media in which the condenser and evaporator operate are specifically determined—it is no longer effective to increase the heat exchange capacity Q by increasing the temperature difference Δt between the evaporator and condenser. This is because increasing the Δt between the low-temperature medium between the evaporator fins (e.g., low-temperature indoor air in summer) and the refrigerant in the copper tubes will inevitably lower the evaporation temperature and pressure. Conversely, increasing the Δt between the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas in the condenser copper tubes and the high-temperature medium between the fins (e.g., high-temperature ambient air in summer) will inevitably raise the condensation pressure and temperature. Therefore, the approach of increasing the heat exchange capacity Q by increasing the temperature difference Δt between the evaporator and condenser to improve the heat exchanger's heat exchange capacity actually damages the refrigerant circulation, heat absorption capacity, heat release capacity, and COP of the entire refrigeration system.

[0079] Therefore, given that heat exchanger materials and structures have been deeply optimized and the target COP of the system has been continuously improved, the potential to increase K and Δt to increase Q has been exhausted. This invention innovatively proposes that expanding the heat exchanger area S is the key technical path to reduce condensing pressure, increase evaporating pressure, improve the heat exchanger's heat exchange capacity, and improve the cooling capacity and COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0080] Because, as Figure 1 As shown, the difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2) is the fundamental factor determining the core indicator COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system. A higher (T2-t2) will result in a lower COP, and vice versa. The COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system is inversely related to the difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2). The difference between condensing temperature and evaporating temperature (T2-t2) is the sum of three temperature differences: the condenser body heat transfer temperature difference (T2-T1), the high-temperature heat source and low-temperature heat source temperature difference (T1-t1), and the evaporator body heat transfer temperature difference (t1-t2). Therefore, given that the temperature difference (T1-t1) between the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source is an objective reality that cannot be changed, the present invention reduces the heat transfer temperature difference (T2-T1) of the condenser body and the heat transfer temperature difference (t1-t2) of the evaporator body. This is the only way to reduce the difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature (T2-t2) of the air conditioning heat pump system. It is also the only way to reduce the system condensing pressure (condensing temperature), increase the system evaporating temperature (evaporating pressure), increase the system refrigerant circulation, increase the heat absorption of the evaporator and the heat release of the condenser, and increase the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention reduces the body heat transfer temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser by increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger, thereby increasing the evaporation pressure and decreasing the condensation pressure. This achieves the goals of increasing refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, condenser heat release, and the COP of the refrigeration system. The technical effect of increasing the total heat transfer area of ​​the external heat exchanger is particularly evident in the improvement of the evaporation temperature and evaporation pressure of the evaporator.

[0082] Evaporation pressure is the primary factor in heat pump systems, and its impact on the performance of refrigeration and heat pump systems is as follows: Figure 2 As shown (the vertical axis represents condensation pressure, the horizontal axis represents enthalpy, 1-2-3-4 in the figure represents the original circulation path, and 1-2-3'-4' represents the circulation path of this invention):

[0083] (1) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') directly leads to an increase in the heat absorbed by the refrigerant per unit mass in the refrigeration system (h4'-h4) and a decrease in the compressor's compression work (h4'-h4), thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio;

[0084] (2) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') also directly leads to an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the refrigerant circulation of the fixed frequency heat pump system, resulting in an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the heat absorption power of the evaporator and the heating power of the condenser.

[0085] (3) Increased evaporation pressure also directly leads to a decrease in compression ratio and a decrease in compressor exhaust temperature, effectively inhibiting the deterioration of lubricating oil and the degradation of compressor motor insulation performance.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] Based on the above thermodynamic analysis, this embodiment focuses on increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube external heat exchanger among the three factors K, S, and Δt that constitute the heat transfer capacity Q of the external heat exchanger.

[0088] like Figure 3-4 As shown, a finned tube heat exchanger includes finned plates 110 and heat exchange tubes 115; multiple parallel finned plates 110 with a certain distance between them form a fin group; and heat exchange tubes 115 are inserted in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the finned plates 110.

[0089] Two sets of heat exchange tubes 116 are arranged in parallel side by side along the short side of the finned plate 110.

[0090] The heat exchange tubes 115 in the heat exchange tube assembly 116 are arranged along the long side of the finned plate 110.

[0091] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, six sets of heat exchange tubes 116 are arranged along the long side of the finned plate 110.

[0092] The heat exchange tube assemblies 116 are arranged side by side and connected to different air conditioning compressors. That is, the two ends of the heat exchange tube assembly I 117 are respectively connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 112 and the refrigerant gas pipe 113 of the air conditioning compressor I 121.

[0093] Heat exchanger tube assembly II118 is connected to the refrigerant liquid line 111 and refrigerant gas line 114 of air conditioning compressor II122.

[0094] The heat exchange tube group 116 in the same row is connected in parallel to the refrigerant pipeline of the same air conditioning compressor.

[0095] That is, heat exchanger tube group I 117 and heat exchanger tube group III 119 in the same row are connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 112 and refrigerant gas pipe 113 of the air conditioning compressor I.

[0096] Heat exchanger tube group II 118 and heat exchanger tube group IV 120 in the same row are connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 111 and refrigerant gas pipe 114 of the air conditioning compressor II.

[0097] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube groups 116 are arranged side by side and connected to different air conditioning compressors. The finned tube heat exchanger 37 in operation can utilize the fin heat exchange area of ​​the finned tube heat exchanger in the refrigeration system in the non-operational state through the lateral thermal bridge effect of the fins, thereby increasing the fin heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger in the operating system, achieving increased evaporation pressure, decreased condensation pressure, decreased compressor discharge temperature, increased cooling and heating power, and improved energy efficiency ratio.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, a finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of four finned tube heat exchangers 37 as described in Embodiment 1.

[0100] The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the fin 110 is a broken line type; the long side of the finned tube heat exchanger 37 is set in the vertical direction or close to the vertical direction.

[0101] The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the fin 110 is W-shaped, and it is composed of two finned tube heat exchangers 40 with V-shaped cross-sections perpendicular to the fins arranged continuously.

[0102] The apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger 40 is 15° to 110°.

[0103] As an optional implementation, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 90°.

[0104] As an optional implementation, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 60°.

[0105] The finned tube heat exchanger 37 has parallel heat exchange tube groups 116 arranged side by side, each connected to a different air conditioning compressor.

[0106] In this embodiment, the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger 40 is used as the basic unit of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The two finned tube heat exchangers 37 of Embodiment 1 that constitute the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger 40 include 6 heat exchange tube groups 116 (i.e., refrigerant branches). The 6 heat exchange tube groups (i.e., refrigerant branches) share 1 set of fin groups. 1 set of fin groups includes a number of parallel fins. The 6 refrigerant branches belong to 2 independent refrigeration and air conditioning systems (i.e., 2 sets of air conditioning compressors, etc.).

[0107] When the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the present invention is running, the microscopic process in which the inlet airflow enters multiple fin gaps under the step-by-step planing of multiple fin cutters and flows at low speed in the fin gaps is the central link of the airflow field of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0108] like Figure 6 As shown, one side of the cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fins is the air inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the other side is the air outlet side of the heat exchanger; the air outlet side belongs to the negative pressure chamber area of ​​the heat exchanger assembly.

[0109] The air inlet flow section is for each flat finned tube heat exchanger in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The angle between the air inlet flow line and the tip of each finned tube heat exchanger is an obtuse angle; the obtuse angle β is 97.5°~145°.

[0110] The incoming airflow impacts the tip of each fin plate in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly at an obtuse angle β, and is reflected by the fin tip plate into the fin gap and flows into the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0111] The airflow rate entering each fin gap d is equal to the airflow intercepted by the vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear fin plates of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger in the air inlet section.

[0112] δ=d·sinα / 2 (α is the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger)

[0113] The vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear finned tube heat exchangers on the air inlet section of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger is between 0.13d (the apex angle α of the V-type finned tube heat exchanger 40 is 15° and the incident obtuse angle β is 97.5°) and 0.7d (the apex angle α of the V-type finned tube heat exchanger 40 is 90° and the incident obtuse angle β is 135°). Preferably, the airflow velocity between the fins is 1 / 3 of the air inlet velocity, corresponding to the apex angle α of the V-type finned tube heat exchanger 40 being 39° and the incident obtuse angle β being 109.5°.

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, at the airflow inlet section EE, the medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s, flowing in from the outer facade of the equipment platform, is propelled in a uniform laminar flow to the fin gap inlet section FF. At FF, the airflow line forms an obtuse angle β with the fin behind the gap. The fin behind the gap acts as a "planer," "planing" a piece of airflow from the main airflow and inserting it into the fin gap. At FF, the main airflow "planed" out by the tip of the "fin planer" is intercepted and impacts the tip of the "planer" on the fin behind the gap at an obtuse angle β. After being reflected by the fin in front of the gap, it diffuses and decelerates in the fin gap. The airflow of about 1.5 m / s, which has been decelerated by the collision and diffusion, is pulled by the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber and overcomes the resistance of the fin gap channel to flow out of the fin channel. The low-speed airflow that reaches the fin gap outlet section GG is accelerated again to a medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s under the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber and converges and is discharged at the HH section.

[0115] In this embodiment, the air inlet surface of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is expanded to obtain a large area of ​​heat exchanger ventilation surface. The ventilation surface of the large-area finned heat exchanger assembly is further expanded to obtain a huge area of ​​fin heat transfer surface, thereby effectively increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference Δt of the heat exchanger body, increasing the evaporation pressure and reducing the condensation pressure.

[0116] In this embodiment, the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is equipped with multiple finned tube heat exchangers 37, which can be divided into two or three units. Multiple low-power unit main units are set in one main unit casing, reducing the rated capacity of each unit main unit. By combining multiple low-power air conditioning unit main units, the system can more efficiently meet the wide range and zone changes of building heat load, thus increasing the flexibility of the air conditioning system.

[0117] Example 3

[0118] This embodiment of the heavy-duty air conditioning unit innovates the design of the air conditioning unit by increasing the total ventilation cross-sectional area and fin area of ​​the external heat exchanger, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference of the external heat exchanger body, reducing the rated load capacity of a single air conditioning unit, and improving the air conditioning load flexibility.

[0119] like Figures 7-9 As shown, an air conditioning unit with a vertically arranged fan includes a housing, a finned tube heat exchanger assembly as described in Example 2, an air conditioning compressor I 121, an air conditioning compressor II 122, a gas-liquid separator I 126, a gas-liquid separator II, and a fan 38.

[0120] A water collection tank 123 is provided at the bottom of the finned tube heat exchanger.

[0121] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is located on the air inlet 125 of the shell and together with the side plate, top plate, bottom plate and back plate of the shell, forms a heat exchanger assembly negative pressure chamber 124 that connects the heat exchange air path of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0122] The refrigerant circuit components, including air conditioning compressor I 121, air conditioning compressor II 122, gas-liquid separator I, and gas-liquid separator II, are located in the ventilation blind zone within the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly. Specifically, they are located on the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly, in the ventilation blind zone near the back panel.

[0123] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly; the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is located on the same side as the air inlet 125 inside the shell.

[0124] The exhaust chamber 33 is located above the top plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0125] The exhaust port 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 faces the short side of the air conditioner unit housing.

[0126] One axial flow fan 38 is installed at the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber.

[0127] The refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning unit is connected to multiple indoor heat exchangers.

[0128] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit and the indoor heat exchanger 127 are connected to form an air conditioning system.

[0129] The air conditioning unit in this embodiment innovates its design by increasing the total ventilation cross-sectional area and fin area of ​​the external heat exchanger, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference of the external heat exchanger body, reducing the rated load capacity of a single air conditioning unit, and improving the air conditioning load flexibility.

[0130] ① Innovative host structure design

[0131] In this embodiment, a finned tube heat exchanger assembly is constructed inside the air conditioning unit along the direction of the parallel air inlet air inlet. The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is set close to the air inlet and exhaust outlet of the air conditioning unit, and the main sections of the air inlet and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly are incorporated into the air conditioning unit.

[0132] In this embodiment, the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is used as the basic unit of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The two flat plate finned tube heat exchangers that constitute the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger include multiple refrigerant branches. The multiple refrigerant branches share a set of fins. A set of fins includes several parallel fins. The multiple refrigerant branches belong to multiple independent refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

[0133] In this embodiment, at least one negative pressure chamber for the heat exchanger assembly is provided. The negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly is composed of a bottom plate, a side plate, a back plate, an external finned tube heat exchanger, and a top plate. The top plate is provided with an air outlet for the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly, and a fan is installed at the air outlet. The horizontally continuous horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers are the air inlets for the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0134] An exhaust chamber is set above the top plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly. The air inlet of the exhaust chamber is the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly, which is where the fan is located. The exhaust outlet of the exhaust chamber is set on the same side as the air inlet of the air conditioning unit. The air inlet of the exhaust chamber is connected to the continuously arranged horizontal V-shaped heat exchanger assembly negative pressure chamber fan exhaust outlet.

[0135] The back plate and bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly are ventilation blind spots, where the air conditioning compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, electrical box and other refrigerant circuit components are installed.

[0136] ② Innovative design of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger inlet and outlet airflow.

[0137] In this embodiment, the airflow field of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly is established by the operation of a fan: the fan draws air from the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly to generate negative pressure inside the chamber, which pulls the ambient air into the air conditioning unit from the air inlet at a medium speed. The air then disperses and slows down, flowing at a low speed through the gaps between the heat exchanger fins to complete heat exchange before entering the negative pressure chamber. The air then gathers and accelerates to flow into the fan's air inlet, where the pressure is lowest, and is finally pressurized by the fan and discharged at high speed through the exhaust chamber.

[0138] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit is running, the microscopic process of the incoming airflow entering multiple fin gaps and flowing at low speed in the fin gaps under the step-by-step planing of multiple fins of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the central link of the air inlet and outlet field of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0139] ③ Innovative design of refrigeration circuit

[0140] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit houses the compressor, four-way valve, expansion valve, gas-liquid separator, and other refrigeration circuit components, as well as power cables, signal lines, and electrical boxes, in the ventilation blind zone of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly. These refrigeration circuit components, together with the external heat exchanger, refrigerant connection pipes, and indoor unit heat exchanger, form a refrigeration and air conditioning circulation loop in the sequence of compressor-four-way valve-condenser-expansion valve-evaporator-four-way valve-gas-liquid separator-compressor. The compressor, acting as the power source for the refrigeration cycle, establishes high and low pressure states for the refrigerant in the condenser and evaporator pipes, respectively. This drives the refrigerant to circulate and undergo repeated phase changes within the refrigeration cycle to achieve "heat transfer." Specifically, the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat through evaporation within the evaporator pipes, and then absorbs heat from the low-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-absorbing area S of the copper tubes. Conversely, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas releases heat through condensation within the condenser pipes, and then releases heat to the high-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-releasing area S of the copper tubes. This process achieves the migration of heat from the low-temperature environment where the air conditioner evaporator is located to the high-temperature environment where the condenser is located.

[0141] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit is running, multiple refrigeration systems with refrigeration pipes distributed in each flat-plate finned tube heat exchanger can operate simultaneously or independently. During operation, the external airflow enters the air conditioning unit at a medium speed of about 4 m / s. Under the action of the "multi-fin planer's stepped planing" of the V-shaped finned tubes inside the air conditioning unit, the airflow is slowed down and dispersed. It passes through the external heat exchangers, which are continuously arranged with multiple V-shaped finned tubes and have a large total ventilation cross-section and a huge total heat exchange area S, at a low speed and low resistance, and exchanges heat. After heat exchange, it flows into the negative pressure chamber and converges towards the fan intake under the negative pressure traction of the external heat exchanger fan. After being accelerated and pressurized by the fan, it is finally discharged from the exhaust chamber at a high speed of about 8 m / s.

[0142] Example 4

[0143] like Figure 10 As shown, an air conditioning unit with a vertically arranged fan includes a housing, a finned tube heat exchanger assembly as described in Example 2, an air conditioning compressor I 121, an air conditioning compressor II 122, a gas-liquid separator I 126, a gas-liquid separator II, and a fan 38.

[0144] An elevation bracket (not shown) for mounting the finned tube heat exchanger is provided inside the housing. The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is mounted on the elevation bracket.

[0145] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is located at the air inlet 125 of the shell, and together with the top plate, bottom plate and back plate of the negative pressure chamber, forms the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly, which is connected to the heat exchange air path of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0146] A negative pressure chamber outlet is provided on the back plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly. A fan 38 and an exhaust chamber 38 are installed at the negative pressure chamber outlet.

[0147] The fan 38 is directly facing the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, which effectively ensures uniform heat exchange in each finned tube heat exchanger and achieves maximum heat exchange efficiency.

[0148] The exhaust chamber 33 is located in the space expanded by the heightening bracket at the bottom of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly inside the shell, that is, the exhaust chamber 33 is located below the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0149] The exhaust port 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 faces the short side of the air conditioner unit housing.

[0150] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly; the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is located on the same side as the air inlet 125 inside the shell.

[0151] The rear side of the exhaust chamber 33 has a compressor chamber 332 for installing the refrigerant circuit assembly, which includes an air conditioning compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, and an electrical box.

[0152] Two backward-inclined external rotor centrifugal fans are installed at the exhaust port of the negative pressure chamber; the fans 38 are set in different vertical planes.

[0153] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 3. Both incorporate the main sections of the air inlet and exhaust channels of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly into the air conditioning unit. The horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is used as the basic unit of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly. Within the limited space of the air conditioning unit, multiple horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers are continuously arranged parallel to the air inlet surface of the air conditioning unit. A large area of ​​ventilation surface of the heat exchanger assembly is obtained by unfolding along the air inlet surface of the multiple horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers. A huge area of ​​finned heat transfer surface is obtained by further unfolding on the large area of ​​finned tube heat exchanger assembly ventilation surface. This effectively expands the total finned heat transfer area S of the air conditioning unit's finned tube heat exchanger assembly, reduces the heat transfer temperature difference Δt of the heat exchanger body, and increases the evaporation pressure while reducing the condensation pressure.

[0154] This embodiment is further innovative, using a backward-inclined external rotor centrifugal fan for the airflow power and a bottom exhaust method for the exhaust chamber.

[0155] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit is running, the centrifugal fan in the negative pressure chamber of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly draws air from the continuously arranged V-shaped external heat exchangers opposite its air intake, creating negative pressure in the chamber. This negative pressure pulls the air outside the external heat exchangers into the unit at medium speed. After entering the unit, the air is dispersed and slowed down by the fin planer's stepped planing, flowing through the continuously arranged V-shaped external heat exchangers with a large total ventilation cross-section and a huge total fin area. It flows at low speed through the gaps between the fins of the V-shaped external heat exchangers, achieving heat exchange between the ambient air and the refrigerant in the copper tubes of the external heat exchangers. After heat exchange, the air entering the negative pressure chamber is then gathered and accelerated into the air intake of the fan with the lowest pressure, where it is pressurized by the centrifugal fan and discharged at high speed through the exhaust chamber.

[0156] This embodiment also has all the advantages of embodiment 1. The finned tube heat exchanger in operation can also utilize the fin heat exchange area of ​​the refrigeration system heat exchanger in the non-operational state through the lateral thermal bridge effect of the fins, thereby enlarging the fin heat exchange area of ​​the operating system heat exchanger, and realizing the increase of evaporation pressure, the decrease of condensation pressure, the decrease of compressor exhaust temperature, the increase of refrigeration and heating power, and the improvement of energy efficiency ratio.

[0157] Because the exhaust chamber in this embodiment is located below the negative pressure chamber base plate of the heat exchanger assembly, the low-position exhaust chamber design close to the equipment platform ground can match the inclined louver structure of decorative louvers commonly used on building facades. This allows the exhaust airflow of the air conditioning unit to be guided by the inclined louvers on the facade and diffused into the ambient atmosphere at a small angle, completely blocking the inherent short-circuit phenomenon of exhaust air flowing back into the air intake of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit. This maintains the function and decoration of the louvered building facade in preventing wind and rain from entering the equipment platform, while effectively improving the range and diffusion dilution effect of the exhaust air from the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit penetrating the exterior facade of the equipment platform into the ambient atmosphere.

[0158] Example 5

[0159] The finned tube heat exchanger used in this embodiment, which combines the air conditioner unit and the air source water heater unit into a single finned tube heat exchanger assembly, is as follows: Figure 11 As shown,

[0160] The finned tube heat exchanger includes finned plates 110 and heat exchange tubes 115; multiple parallel finned plates 110 with a certain distance between them form a fin group; and heat exchange tubes 115 are installed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the finned plates 110.

[0161] Three sets of heat exchange tubes 116 are arranged in parallel along the short side of the finned plate 110, one of which is an air source water heater heat exchange tube set 128.

[0162] The heat exchange tubes 115 in the heat exchange tube assembly 116 are arranged along the long side of the finned plate 110.

[0163] The finned plate 110 includes four sets of heat exchange tube groups I 117, II 118, and IV 120 for air conditioning systems. The heat exchange tube group 128 of the air source water heater is located between adjacent heat exchange tube groups for air conditioning systems, and the fins between each heat exchange tube group form thermal bridges in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

[0164] The two ends of heat exchanger tube assembly I117 and heat exchanger tube assembly II118 are respectively connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 112 and refrigerant gas pipe 113 of air conditioning compressor I121.

[0165] The heat exchange tube assembly 128 of the air source water heater is connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe and refrigerant gas pipe of the water heater compressor Ⅲ 129 respectively.

[0166] The heat exchange tube group 116 in the same row is connected in parallel to the refrigerant pipeline of the same air conditioning compressor.

[0167] Heat exchanger tube group I 117 and heat exchanger tube group III 119 in the same row are connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 112 and refrigerant gas pipe 113 of the air conditioning compressor I.

[0168] Heat exchanger tube group II 118 and heat exchanger tube group IV 120 in the same row are connected to the refrigerant liquid pipe 112 and refrigerant gas pipe 113 of the air conditioning compressor I.

[0169] A finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of four finned tube heat exchangers 37 as described in this embodiment.

[0170] The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the fin 110 is a broken line type; the long side of the finned tube heat exchanger 37 is set in the vertical direction or close to the vertical direction.

[0171] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the fin 110 is W-shaped, and it is composed of two finned tube heat exchangers 40 with V-shaped cross-sections perpendicular to the fins arranged continuously.

[0172] The apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 15° to 90°.

[0173] In this embodiment, the integrated structure of the air conditioner unit and air source water heater unit combined finned tube heat exchanger assembly adopts a combination of two horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers. Each V-shaped heat exchanger is composed of two flat plate finned tube heat exchangers. Each flat plate finned tube heat exchanger includes three rows of heat exchange tubes. The two rows of heat exchange tubes on the inner and outer sides belong to the external heat exchanger of the air conditioner unit, and the middle row of heat exchange tubes belongs to the external heat exchanger of the air source water heater unit. The fins are complete and continuous, and the lateral and longitudinal thermal bridges of the fins are complete and continuous.

[0174] Example 6

[0175] This embodiment employs a combined system of an air conditioning unit and an air source water heater unit that utilizes a transverse finned thermal bridge to achieve complementary heat exchanger structures and merged airflow paths. It innovates the coupling design method of structure and energy, and centrally sets up the airflow path structure of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit and the evaporator of the water heater, merging them into a two-in-one finned tube heat exchanger assembly that combines the heat exchange of the air conditioning unit with the ambient atmosphere and the heat absorption of the air source water heater unit with the ambient atmosphere, achieving "complementary structure and merged airflow paths".

[0176] An air source heat pump water heater includes an air conditioning unit, an indoor heat exchanger 127, a water heater tank 130, and a water heater condenser 131 disposed in the water heater tank 130.

[0177] like Figure 12 As shown, the air conditioning unit includes a housing, a finned tube heat exchanger assembly as described in Example 5, an air conditioning compressor I 121, an air conditioning compressor III 129, a gas-liquid separator I, a gas-liquid separator III, and a fan 38.

[0178] The refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning compressor I121 is connected to multiple indoor heat exchangers 127.

[0179] The refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner compressor III129 is connected to the water heater condenser and gas-liquid separator III, etc.

[0180] A riser bracket (not shown) for mounting the finned tube heat exchanger is provided at the bottom of the housing. The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is mounted on the riser bracket.

[0181] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is located at the air inlet 125 of the shell, and together with the top plate, bottom plate and back plate of the negative pressure chamber, forms the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly, which is connected to the heat exchange air path of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0182] A negative pressure chamber outlet is provided on the back plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly. A fan 38 and an exhaust chamber 38 are installed at the negative pressure chamber outlet.

[0183] The fan 38 of the exhaust port 331 of the negative pressure chamber is directly facing the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, which effectively realizes uniform heat exchange of each finned tube heat exchanger and achieves maximum heat exchange efficiency.

[0184] The exhaust chamber 33 is located in the space expanded by the heightening bracket at the bottom of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly inside the shell, that is, the exhaust chamber 33 is located below the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0185] The exhaust port 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 faces the short side of the air conditioner unit housing.

[0186] The finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the heat exchanger assembly; the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is located on the same side as the air inlet 125 inside the shell.

[0187] The rear side of the exhaust chamber 33 has a compressor chamber 332 for installing the refrigerant circuit assembly, which includes an air conditioning compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, and an electrical box.

[0188] Two backward-inclined external rotor centrifugal fans are installed at the exhaust port of the negative pressure chamber; the fans 38 are set in different vertical planes.

[0189] This embodiment employs a combined air conditioning unit and air source water heater unit system with a complementary external heat exchanger structure and combined airflow via a transverse finned thermal bridge. The inner and outer rows of heat exchange tubes in the finned tube heat exchanger are continuous both transversely and longitudinally. The evaporator of the air source water heater unit and the finned tube heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit establish a thermal connection through the transverse thermal bridge of the fins. This enables the operating air conditioning unit heat exchanger to effectively utilize the heat exchange area of ​​the fins of the shut-down air conditioning unit heat exchanger, thereby reducing the heat transfer temperature difference of the operating unit's external heat exchanger and improving the energy efficiency ratio of the main unit system.

[0190] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit can operate simultaneously or independently.

[0191] In this embodiment, during air conditioner unit operation, the compressor of the air conditioner unit drives the flow and phase change of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit within the negative pressure chamber of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, absorbing and releasing heat. Coupled with the phase change heat of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, the fan pushes airflow through the gaps between the fins of the V-shaped heat exchanger of the air conditioner unit, realizing heat exchange between the ambient air and the refrigerant inside the external heat exchanger pipes. The fan discharges airflow upwards to the ambient atmosphere, while simultaneously generating negative pressure inside the negative pressure chamber before the fan's air intake. The negative pressure pulls the ambient air through the gaps between the heat-conducting metal fins of the air conditioner unit's heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the refrigerant inside the pipes through the fins on both sides of the gaps and the metal pipe walls pressed and covered by the fins. In summer, the ambient air passing through the fins increases its temperature, absorbs heat, and carries away heat to ensure that the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas inside the metal pipes continues to release heat and condense. In winter, the ambient air passing through the fins decreases its temperature, releases heat, and retains heat to ensure that the low-pressure refrigerant liquid inside the metal pipes continues to absorb heat and evaporate. After heat exchange, the air flowing into the negative pressure chamber is pressurized by the fan and injected upwards into the ambient atmosphere for diffusion and dilution.

[0192] In this embodiment, when the air source water heater is running, the compressor in the negative pressure chamber drives the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to flow and undergo phase change heat absorption and release. Coupled with the phase change heat release of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, the fan creates a negative pressure state in the negative pressure chamber, drawing ambient air through the gaps between the evaporator fins to reduce the temperature, filter out water vapor, and release heat. This continuous heat supply ensures the continuous evaporation of the low-pressure refrigerant liquid in the evaporator pipes and the continuous condensation and heat release of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas in the condenser in the water tank after being pressurized by the compressor. The air entering the negative pressure chamber after releasing heat to the evaporator fins of the air source water heater is drawn in by the fan after the negative pressure chamber, pressurized, and injected upwards into the ambient atmosphere for diffusion and dilution.

[0193] The advantages of this embodiment, which combines a heat exchanger structure with a complementary airflow path and integrates an air conditioning unit with an air source water heater unit, are:

[0194] ① Simple structure and smooth airflow

[0195] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit are combined into one, resulting in a simple structure, smooth airflow, reduced density of exhaust vents on the exterior of the equipment platform, decreased risk of exhaust backflow, and improved heat exchanger performance.

[0196] This embodiment addresses the redundancy of the external heat exchanger fan capacity under low load conditions of the air conditioning unit. Based on the complementary structure and combined airflow of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit and the evaporator of the air source water heater, the redundancy of the variable frequency fan of the external heat exchanger of the residential air conditioning unit is developed. The redundancy of the variable frequency fan of the air conditioning unit is transformed into the airflow power of the evaporator of the air source water heater to replace the dedicated fan of the water heater evaporator. This saves resources of air duct and fan components of the air source water heater and also improves the overall energy efficiency of the air conditioning and water heater combined system.

[0197] In this embodiment, the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit introduces fresh airflow from the outer facade of the equipment platform. The fresh airflow flows into the external heat exchanger at medium speed, is planed by the fin planer, enters the fin gap at low speed to complete heat exchange, and then enters the negative pressure chamber. It is then drawn in by the fan, accelerated and pressurized, and discharged into the ambient atmosphere in the form of a high-speed jet for diffusion and dilution, ensuring smooth airflow in the external heat exchanger.

[0198] ② Improve the COP of both the air conditioning and water heater refrigeration (heat pump) systems.

[0199] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit are not only integrated into one, with a simple structure and smooth airflow, reducing the risk of exhaust backflow on the exterior facade and improving the cooling and heating performance of the unit, but also, because the air conditioning unit and the air source water heater unit operate independently, the heat exchange function of the external heat exchanger fins of the operating unit is utilized by the transverse fin thermal bridge effect, thereby improving the utilization coefficient of the entire two-in-one finned tube heat exchanger and realizing the expansion of the heat exchange fin area of ​​the operating unit's external heat exchanger and the reduction of the heat exchange temperature difference.

[0200] In this embodiment, when the air conditioner unit is cooling and the air source water heater is heating simultaneously, the evaporator of the water heater unit can also absorb the high-temperature heat released by the air conditioner unit condenser through the thermal bridge effect of the fins to obtain ultra-high evaporation pressure and ultra-high energy efficiency of the water heater heat pump.

[0201] This embodiment not only helps to save resources and improve the utilization coefficient of finned tube heat exchangers, but also helps to increase the evaporation pressure during air conditioning heating and hot water production, and reduce the condensation pressure during air conditioning cooling, thereby improving the COP of the two systems, air conditioning and water heater.

[0202] Example 7

[0203] An external corridor-type equipment room platform is defined as having a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform and a transverse direction parallel to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform.

[0204] like Figure 13-15 As shown, an air conditioning unit equipment platform is provided, with multiple sets of air conditioning units of embodiments 3 / 4 or 6 arranged horizontally inside the equipment platform; the equipment platform is provided with an outer facade 1 for ventilation, and the air inlet 125 of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit system is close to the outer facade 1; the exhaust port 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 is provided and / or close to the outer facade 1.

[0205] An exhaust area 132 and an air inlet area 34 are provided on the exterior facade 1; the exhaust area 132 on the exterior facade 1 corresponds to the air outlet 331 of the air conditioning unit, and the air inlet area 34 on the exterior facade 1 corresponds to the air inlet 125 of the air conditioning unit.

[0206] The exhaust zone 132 on the facade 1 is continuously arranged on the upper part of the facade, and the air intake zone 125 on the facade is continuously arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the facade. The boundary between the exhaust zone and the air intake zone on the facade is a horizontal straight line or the boundary line is close to a horizontal straight line.

[0207] The area of ​​the exhaust zone on facade 1 is 25% to 50% of the facade area used for ventilation. Facades used for ventilation refer to facades where airflow enters and exits.

[0208] The space between the air conditioning unit's back panel and the inner wall 2 of the equipment platform forms a three-in-one passage for pedestrian access, maintenance, and the installation of copper pipes and cable trays for the air conditioning system. This embodiment utilizes the unused space at the top of the equipment platform, creating an exhaust chamber. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the same side and vertically above the air inlet of the air inlet channel, with the exhaust port area significantly smaller than the air inlet area.

[0209] The present invention allows the air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning unit to be directly connected to the air inlet and outlet on the exterior of the equipment platform, thereby creating the air inlet and outlet air field of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit with the shortest air inlet and outlet path and the highest air pressure gradient. This creates conditions for eliminating the longitudinal and transverse air supply ducts of the rear air conditioning unit on the traditional air conditioning unit equipment platform and reducing inefficient and ineffective space.

[0210] The classic top-discharge central air conditioning unit is tailor-made for rooftop terrace scenarios; moving it from the rooftop terrace to the middle floor equipment platform of the building requires an innovative combination of the air duct of the top-discharge air conditioning unit and the exterior facade of the platform.

[0211] This embodiment is not only compact in structure, but also features air conditioning unit exhaust and inlet oriented in the same direction, on the same side, and vertically, which prepares the conditions for installation on the equipment platform adjacent to the exterior facade and for constructing an air conditioning unit side-inlet / side-outlet air path structure in conjunction with the equipment platform facade. Under the design concept of air conditioning unit inlet area: exhaust outlet area ≈ 2:1, the exhaust velocity of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly reaches twice the inlet velocity, and the exhaust dynamic pressure head reaches four times the inlet dynamic pressure head, effectively improving the exhaust velocity and kinetic energy of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger, and effectively improving the range and diffusion dilution effect of the air conditioning unit's exhaust jet penetrating the equipment platform facade and entering the ambient atmosphere.

[0212] Reduce the horizontal width of the equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit.

[0213] The width of a building facade is a crucial resource in the building index system, second only to the building area. Currently, the air conditioning unit's air inlet and outlet surfaces occupy too much of the horizontal width of the building's equipment floor facade, which obstructs ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space and the external environment on the same floor. This has become a prominent problem in building HVAC design.

[0214] This invention improves the power density of the air conditioning unit by reorganizing the internal external heat exchanger and the air inlet and outlet paths of the external heat exchanger. Furthermore, it reorganizes the structural relationship between the air conditioning unit and the equipment platform, significantly reducing inefficient and ineffective space. As a result, under the same building heat load conditions, it significantly reduces the floor area occupied by the equipment platform and the lateral width of the building equipment floor facade occupied by the air inlet and outlet surfaces of the air conditioning unit, thus ensuring ventilation, lighting, and visual communication between the interior space of the same floor and the external environment.

[0215] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit, characterized in that, Includes a shell, a finned tube heat exchanger, a fan, and at least two compressor modules consisting of an air conditioning compressor and a gas-liquid separator; At least two sets of gas-liquid separators, air conditioning compressors, four-way valves, heat exchanger assemblies, expansion valves and refrigerant pipelines of air conditioning indoor units are sequentially connected to form at least two sets of refrigerant circulation loops for refrigeration and air conditioning systems, forming at least two independently operating air conditioning unit main units; The negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly is composed of a bottom plate, side plates, back plate, finned tube external heat exchanger, and top plate. A negative pressure chamber outlet is provided on the top or back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly. A fan and an exhaust chamber are installed at the negative pressure chamber outlet. A finned tube heat exchanger consists of finned plates and heat exchange tubes; several parallel finned plates spaced at a certain distance from each other form a finned assembly. Heat exchange tubes are installed in a direction perpendicular to the finned plate; at least two sets of heat exchange tubes are installed in parallel along the short side of the finned plate; the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube sets are arranged along the long side of the finned plate; the parallel heat exchange tube sets are connected to the compressors of different refrigeration systems. The fins between each heat exchanger tube group form fin thermal bridges in both the horizontal and vertical directions; A finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of at least two flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers; or a V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers is a finned tube heat exchanger assembly; or a finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of a flat-plate finned tube heat exchanger and the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers. The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fin is a broken line; the long side of the fins of the finned tube heat exchanger is set vertically. Finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber of heat exchanger assembly; The finned tube heat exchanger assembly has one side of the cross-section perpendicular to the long side of the fins as the air inlet side and the other side as the air outlet side; the air outlet side belongs to the negative pressure chamber area of ​​the heat exchanger assembly. The air inlet flow section is for each flat finned tube heat exchanger in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, and the angle between the air inlet flow line and the tip of each finned plate on each finned tube heat exchanger is an obtuse angle. The incoming airflow impacts the tip of each fin in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly at an obtuse angle β, and is reflected by the fin tip into the fin gap and flows into the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly; the obtuse angle β is 97.5° to 145°. The airflow rate entering each fin gap d is equal to the airflow intercepted by the vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear fin plates of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger in the air inlet section. δ=d·sinα / 2, where α is the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger.

2. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger tubes in the same row are connected in parallel to the refrigerant piping of the same refrigeration system.

3. A multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit, characterized in that, Includes a shell, a finned tube heat exchanger, a fan, and at least two compressor modules consisting of an air conditioning compressor and a gas-liquid separator; At least two sets of gas-liquid separators, air conditioning compressors, four-way valves, heat exchanger assemblies, expansion valves and refrigerant pipelines of air conditioning indoor units are sequentially connected to form at least two sets of refrigerant circulation loops for refrigeration and air conditioning systems, forming at least two independently operating air conditioning unit main units; The negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly is composed of a bottom plate, side plates, back plate, finned tube external heat exchanger, and top plate. A negative pressure chamber outlet is provided on the top or back plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly. A fan and an exhaust chamber are installed at the negative pressure chamber outlet. A finned tube heat exchanger consists of finned plates and heat exchange tubes; several parallel finned plates spaced at a certain distance from each other form a finned assembly. Heat exchange tubes are installed in a direction perpendicular to the finned plate; at least two sets of heat exchange tubes are installed in parallel side by side along the short side of the finned plate; at least one set of heat exchange tubes is a heat exchange tube set for an air source water heater. The heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube assembly are arranged along the long side of the finned plate. A finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of at least two flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers; or a V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers is a finned tube heat exchanger assembly; or a finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of a flat-plate finned tube heat exchanger and the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers. The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fin is a broken line; the long side of the fins of the finned tube heat exchanger is set vertically. Finned tube heat exchanger assembly is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber of heat exchanger assembly; The finned tube heat exchanger assembly has one side of the cross-section perpendicular to the long side of the fins as the air inlet side and the other side as the air outlet side; the air outlet side belongs to the negative pressure chamber area of ​​the heat exchanger assembly. The air inlet flow section is for each flat finned tube heat exchanger in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly, and the angle between the air inlet flow line and the tip of each finned plate on each finned tube heat exchanger is an obtuse angle. The incoming airflow impacts the tip of each fin in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly at an obtuse angle β, and is reflected by the fin tip into the fin gap and flows into the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly; the obtuse angle β is 97.5° to 145°. The airflow rate entering each fin gap d is equal to the airflow intercepted by the vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear fins of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger in the air inlet section; δ=d·sinα / 2, where α is the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger.

4. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The finned plate includes at least two sets of heat exchange tubes for air conditioning systems, with the air source water heater heat exchange tubes located between adjacent sets of heat exchange tubes for air conditioning systems.

5. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The finned tube heat exchanger assembly has a V-shaped or N-shaped cross-section perpendicular to the long side of the fins, or is composed of at least two finned tube heat exchangers with a V-shaped cross-section perpendicular to the long side of the fins arranged continuously.

6. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the same side as the air inlet inside the housing.

7. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The exhaust chamber is a cavity with a one-way exhaust port, including a vertical exhaust chamber and a horizontal exhaust chamber that are interconnected; the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located on the horizontal exhaust chamber and is far from the vertical exhaust chamber; the horizontal exhaust chamber is located below the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly or above the top plate of the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly.

8. The multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Each air conditioning unit's main unit controls its operating status independently; The heat exchanger tubes of the air source water heater are connected to the unit main unit of the air source water heater; the remaining heat exchanger tubes are connected to the air conditioning unit main unit of the air conditioning system.

9. An air conditioning unit equipment platform, characterized in that, The equipment platform is provided with at least one set of multi-system heavy-duty air conditioning units as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 along the horizontal direction; the equipment platform is provided with an exterior facade for ventilation, and the air inlet of the air conditioning unit finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the air conditioning unit system is close to the exterior facade; the air outlet of the exhaust cavity is located and / or close to the exterior facade.

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