Energy storage thermal management system and energy storage device

Abstract

The application provides an energy storage thermal management system and an energy storage device. A battery cluster liquid cooling device, a compressor, a liquid cooling condenser, a throttling device and a heat exchanger are sequentially connected to form a refrigerant circuit in the system. A water-water heat exchanger and a two-way valve are arranged between a heat dissipation device and an energy storage converter liquid cooling device. The heat dissipation device is connected to a first shunt branch pipe and a second four-way valve, and is connected to the water-water heat exchanger through a second shunt branch pipe. A first four-way valve is connected to an inlet of a first water pump, an outlet of the liquid cooling condenser, an inlet of a second water pump and an outlet of the heat exchanger. A second four-way valve is connected to an outlet of the heat dissipation device, an inlet of the liquid cooling condenser, an outlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device and a first end of a three-way valve. The three-way valve is further connected to the heat exchanger and the water-water heat exchanger. A PTC heating device is arranged between the second water pump and the battery cluster liquid cooling device. The application can form an integrated temperature control unit which takes into account battery temperature control and energy storage converter cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage thermal management system and energy storage equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the energy storage industry has experienced explosive growth. The surge in demand for long-term energy storage has driven the development of electrochemical energy storage systems towards higher energy density and lower operating temperature differences. This has led to urgent problems such as increased heat generation from battery clusters, stringent temperature uniformity requirements, and significant safety hazards, which urgently need to be addressed. Clearly, traditional air-cooled systems can no longer meet these demands.

[0003] Currently, liquid cooling is widely used in integrated energy storage systems. Compared to air cooling, liquid cooling systems offer advantages such as higher heat capacity, lower flow resistance, smaller temperature differences between individual cells, higher heat dissipation efficiency, and better cooling uniformity. However, current liquid cooling systems primarily rely on water-cooled units to provide chilled or hot water to meet the cooling or heating needs of the batteries. In energy storage systems, the power converter (PCS) is the second largest heat-generating device after the battery cluster and also requires temperature control. According to the inventors, existing power converters require separate air-cooling systems for cooling; currently, there is no integrated temperature control unit that can simultaneously manage battery temperature control and power converter temperature control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an energy storage thermal management system and an energy storage device.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, an energy storage thermal management system is provided, the system being connected to a battery cluster liquid cooling device and an energy storage converter liquid cooling device respectively; the system includes a compressor, a liquid-cooled condenser, a throttling device, a heat exchanger, a heat dissipation device, a first water pump, a second water pump, a three-way valve, a first four-way valve, and a second four-way valve; wherein: The battery cluster liquid cooling device, the compressor, the liquid cooling condenser, the throttling device, and the heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit; the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the compressor; A water-to-water heat exchanger and a two-way valve are sequentially provided between the heat dissipation device and the liquid cooling device of the energy storage converter. The heat dissipation device is connected to the second four-way valve through the first branch pipe, and the heat dissipation device is connected to the water-to-water heat exchanger through the second branch pipe. The first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first water pump, the second valve port is connected to the coolant outlet of the liquid-cooled condenser, the third valve port is connected to the inlet of the second water pump, and the fourth valve port is connected to the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger. The first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the coolant outlet of the heat dissipation device, the second valve port is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid-cooled condenser, the third valve port is connected to the liquid outlet of the battery cluster liquid-cooling device, and the fourth valve port is connected to the first end of the three-way valve. The second end of the three-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger, and the third end is connected to the water-to-water heat exchanger. The outlet of the first water pump is connected to the inlet of the heat dissipation device; the inlet of the first water pump is also connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling device of the energy storage converter; a PTC heating device is provided between the outlet of the second water pump and the liquid cooling device of the battery cluster.

[0006] Furthermore, in the single-battery natural cooling mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, the two-way valve is closed, the heat dissipation device is started, and at least one of the first water pump and the second water pump is started.

[0007] Furthermore, in the simultaneous natural cooling mode of the battery and PCS, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is opened, the first end and the second end of the three-way valve are opened, the heat dissipation device is started, and at least one of the first water pump and the second water pump is started.

[0008] Furthermore, in the single-battery forced cooling mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, and the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the heat dissipation device are all started.

[0009] Furthermore, in the battery forced cooling and PCS natural cooling modes, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is opened, the first end and the second end of the three-way valve are opened, and the first water pump, the second water pump and the heat dissipation device are all started.

[0010] Furthermore, in the system under the simultaneous forced cooling mode of the battery and PCS, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is opened, the first end and the third end of the three-way valve are opened, and the water-to-water heat exchanger, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, and the heat dissipation device are all activated.

[0011] Furthermore, in the single-battery heat pump insulation mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, and the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the heat dissipation device are all turned on.

[0012] Furthermore, in the rapid heating mode, the third and fourth valve ports of the first four-way valve are connected; the third and fourth valve ports of the second four-way valve are connected; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are opened, and the second water pump and the PTC heating device are turned on.

[0013] Furthermore, the system has one or more of the following options: - The number of liquid-cooled condensers is multiple, and the multiple liquid-cooled condensers are connected in parallel or in series; - The number of heat exchangers is multiple, and the multiple heat exchangers are connected in parallel or in series.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, an energy storage device is provided, the device comprising the above-described energy storage thermal management system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: The energy storage thermal management system and energy storage device provided by this invention form multiple loops through the connection between various components, enabling operation in seven modes: single-cell natural cooling, simultaneous natural cooling of battery and PCS, single-cell forced cooling, forced cooling of battery and natural cooling of PCS, simultaneous forced cooling of battery and PCS, single-cell heat pump insulation, and rapid heating. This forms an integrated temperature control unit that can take into account both battery temperature control and energy storage converter cooling. Compared with thermal management systems that are equipped with separate air-cooling systems to cool the energy storage converter, the thermal management system of this invention has a higher degree of integration, occupies less space, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy control, and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in the single-cell natural cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention under the simultaneous natural cooling mode of the battery and PCS. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in a single-cell forced cooling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in one embodiment of the present invention under battery forced cooling and PCS natural cooling modes; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in a forced cooling mode of both the battery and the PCS according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage thermal management system in a single-battery heat pump insulation mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage thermal management system in rapid heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage thermal management system in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 10 is the battery cluster liquid cooling device, 20 is the energy storage converter liquid cooling device, 30 is the two-way valve, 40 is the water-to-water heat exchanger, 50 is the three-way valve, 60 is the throttling device, 70 is the heat exchanger, 701 is the first heat exchanger, 702 is the second heat exchanger, 80 is the heat dissipation device, 801 is the water tank, 802 is the fan, 90 is the gas-liquid separator, 100 is the compressor, 110 is the first water pump, 120 is the liquid-cooled condenser, 1201 is the first liquid-cooled condenser, 1202 is the second liquid-cooled condenser, 130 is the first four-way valve, 140 is the second four-way valve, 150 is the second water pump, and 160 is the PTC heating device. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figure 1-7This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention under different modes. The system is connected to the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 and the energy storage converter liquid cooling device 20, respectively. The system includes a compressor 100, a liquid-cooled condenser 120, a throttling device 60, a heat exchanger 70, a heat dissipation device 80, a first water pump 110, a second water pump 150, a three-way valve 50, a first four-way valve 130, and a second four-way valve 140; wherein: the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10, the compressor 100, the liquid-cooled condenser 120, and the throttling device 60... Heat exchangers 70 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit; the coolant outlet of heat exchanger 70 is connected to the inlet of compressor 100; a water-to-water heat exchanger 40 and a two-way valve 30 are sequentially provided between heat dissipation device 80 and liquid cooling device 20 of energy storage converter; heat dissipation device 80 is connected to second four-way valve 140 through a first branch pipe, and heat dissipation device 80 is connected to water-to-water heat exchanger 40 through a second branch pipe; heat dissipation device 80 includes water tank 801 and fan 802; the four valve ports of the first four-way valve 130 are shown as 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure. The first four-way valve 130 has its first port connected to the inlet of the first water pump 110, its second port connected to the coolant outlet of the liquid-cooled condenser 120, its third port connected to the inlet of the second water pump 150, and its fourth port connected to the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger 70. The second four-way valve 140 has four ports as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Port one of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the coolant outlet of the heat dissipation device 80, port two is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid-cooled condenser 120, and port three is connected to the coolant outlet of the battery cluster liquid-cooling device 10. The outlet of the valve is connected to the first end of the three-way valve 50; the three ports of the three-way valve 50 are shown as 1, 2 and 3 in the figure respectively. The second end of the three-way valve 50 is connected to the heat exchanger and the third end is connected to the water-to-water heat exchanger 40; the outlet of the first water pump 110 is connected to the inlet of the heat dissipation device 80; the inlet of the first water pump 110 is also connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling device 20 of the energy storage converter; a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating device 160 is provided between the outlet of the second water pump 150 and the liquid cooling device 10 of the battery cluster.

[0020] In this embodiment of the invention, the inlet and outlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 and the energy storage converter liquid cooling device 20 are respectively equipped with water temperature and water pressure sensors. The system also includes a temperature sensor for acquiring the ambient temperature. The system operates in corresponding working modes according to different ambient temperatures and the temperatures of the battery and energy storage converter.

[0021] When -25℃ < ambient temperature ≤ 20℃, the system will naturally cool the battery clusters. (Continue referring to...) Figure 1In the single-battery natural cooling mode (operating mode one), the first valve port of the first four-way valve 130 is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve 50 are open, the two-way valve 30 is closed, the heat dissipation device 80 is started, and at least one of the first water pump 110 and the second water pump 150 is started.

[0022] The system operates under the following conditions in single-cell natural cooling mode: The coolant flowing out of the outlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 enters the heat exchanger 70 after passing through the second four-way valve 140, and then enters the first water pump 110 through the first four-way valve 130. It flows to the heat dissipation device 80 to transfer heat to the outside air. The cooled coolant then passes through the second four-way valve 140, the liquid cooling condenser 120, and the first four-way valve 130 in sequence, and then flows into the inlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 through the second water pump 150, realizing the natural cooling cycle of the battery cluster.

[0023] It should be noted that the two water pumps in the system are in series. Depending on the system's heat dissipation requirements, one pump may need to operate, or both pumps may need to operate simultaneously. Both pumps should be activated when heat dissipation demand is high, while one pump may be activated when heat dissipation demand is low. This dual-pump system satisfies heat dissipation requirements while also extending the pumps' lifespan.

[0024] When the system is operating in mode one, if the temperature of the energy storage converter exceeds the control point, the two-way valve 30 at the inlet of the liquid cooling device 20 of the energy storage converter opens to provide natural cooling for the energy storage converter, i.e., the battery and PCS are simultaneously in a natural cooling mode (mode two). (Continue to refer to...) Figure 2 In the system's simultaneous natural cooling mode for both the battery and PCS, the first and fourth ports of the first four-way valve 130 are connected, as are the second and third ports; the first and second ports of the second four-way valve 140 are connected, as are the third and fourth ports; the two-way valve 30 is open, the first and second ends of the three-way valve 50 are open, the heat dissipation device 80 is activated, and at least one of the first water pump 110 and the second water pump 150 is activated. The refrigerant side is not operating.

[0025] The system operates under the following conditions in the mode where both the battery and PCS are naturally cooled: The coolant flowing from the outlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 enters the heat exchanger 70 after passing through the second four-way valve 140. After passing through the first four-way valve 130, it merges with the coolant flowing from the outlet of the energy storage converter liquid cooling device 20 and enters the heat dissipation device 80 through the first water pump 110, transferring heat to the outside air. The cooled coolant is then split through pipes. The coolant in the first split branch passes through the second four-way valve 140, the liquid cooling condenser 120, and the first four-way valve 130 in sequence, and then flows into the inlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 through the second water pump 150, completing the natural cooling cycle of the battery cluster. The coolant in the second split branch flows to the inlet of the energy storage converter liquid cooling device 20 to cool the energy storage converter, realizing the PCS natural cooling cycle.

[0026] At this time, the two water pumps in the system are in series mode. Depending on the system's heat dissipation needs, one of the water pumps can be selected to work or both water pumps can work at the same time.

[0027] When 20℃ < ambient temperature ≤ 50℃, the system will enter single-battery forced cooling mode (operating mode three), continue to refer to Figure 3 In the single-battery forced cooling mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve 130 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve 50 are opened, and the compressor 100, liquid-cooled condenser 120, throttling device 60, heat exchanger 70, first water pump 110, second water pump 150 and heat dissipation device 80 are all started.

[0028] The system operates under the following conditions in single-cell forced cooling mode: The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is pressurized by the compressor 100 and converted into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. It then enters the liquid-cooled condenser 120, where it transfers heat to the coolant. After being converted into a liquid refrigerant, it passes through the throttling device 60 and is reduced in pressure. It then enters the heat exchanger 70, where it absorbs heat from the coolant. At this point, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas before re-entering the compressor 100, thus forming a refrigerant-side circulation.

[0029] The coolant that absorbs heat in the liquid-cooled condenser 120 enters the first water pump 110 through the first four-way valve 130, and then flows to the heat dissipation device 80 to release heat into the outside air. The cooled coolant then enters the liquid-cooled condenser 120 through the second four-way valve 140 to absorb heat, so as to realize the cooling of the coolant to the outside environment.

[0030] The coolant cooled in the heat exchanger 70 passes through the first four-way valve 130 and the second water pump 150 and then dissipates heat to the battery cluster through the inlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10. After absorbing heat, the coolant flows out from the outlet of the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 and then enters the heat exchanger 70 through the second four-way valve 140 for cooling, thereby achieving cyclic cooling of the battery cluster.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, a gas-liquid separator 90 is provided between the compressor 100 and the heat exchanger 70. The gas-liquid separator 90 is used to filter out the liquid in the refrigerant gas, ensuring that the refrigerant entering the compressor 100 is all in gaseous state, preventing liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor 100 and causing liquid slugging damage to the compressor 100, thereby protecting the compressor 100 and ensuring the compression effect of the refrigerant gas.

[0032] When operating in mode three, if the temperature of the energy storage converter exceeds the control point, the two-way valve 30 at the inlet of the liquid cooling device 20 of the energy storage converter in the system opens, implementing natural cooling for the energy storage converter, i.e., battery forced cooling and PCS natural cooling mode (operating mode four). Continue to refer to... Figure 4 In the battery forced cooling and PCS natural cooling modes, the first valve port of the first four-way valve 130 is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve 30 is opened, the first end and the second end of the three-way valve 50 are opened, and the first water pump 110, the second water pump 150 and the heat dissipation device 80 are all started.

[0033] The system operates under the following conditions in both forced battery cooling and PCS natural cooling modes: The refrigerant side operating status and the operating position of the second four-way valve are the same as in working mode three.

[0034] As the two-way valve 30 opens, the coolant, cooled by the heat dissipation device 80, is divided through the pipe. Part of it flows into the water-cooled condenser in the same working mode to absorb heat, and part of it flows into the energy storage converter to absorb heat and cool the energy storage converter. After absorbing heat from the energy storage converter, the coolant flows into the first water pump 110 and then into the heat dissipation device 80 to release heat into the outside air, thus completing the cooling process of the energy storage converter.

[0035] When 20℃ < ambient temperature ≤ 50℃, and in operating mode four, the inlet water temperature of the liquid cooling device 20 of the energy storage converter cannot be reduced to below 50℃ through natural cooling, the system will implement forced cooling of the energy storage converter in the forced cooling mode for the battery cluster, i.e., forced cooling mode for both the battery and the PCS (operating mode five). Continue to refer to... Figure 5In the system under the forced cooling mode of both battery and PCS, the refrigerant system circulates. The first valve port of the first four-way valve 130 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port. The first valve port of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port. The two-way valve 30 is open, and the first and third ends of the three-way valve 50 are open. The water-to-water heat exchanger 40, heat exchanger 70, first water pump 110, second water pump 150, compressor 100, liquid-cooled condenser 120, throttling device 60 and heat dissipation device 80 are all started.

[0036] In the system's forced cooling mode for both the battery and PCS, the second four-way valve operates in the same position as in operating mode four, and will not be described again. The operating conditions of the three-way valve 50 are as follows: When forced cooling is not required for the energy storage converter, the three-way valve 50 maintains a mode where the coolant flowing back from the battery clusters directly flows into the heat exchanger 70 for cooling, which is operating mode four. However, when the inlet water temperature of the energy storage converter cannot meet the control requirements, forced cooling is necessary. A water-to-water heat exchanger 40 is connected in parallel between the second four-way valve 140 and the heat exchanger 70. The three-way valve 50 is a three-way proportional valve. By adjusting the opening of the three-way proportional valve, a portion of the coolant flowing out of the battery clusters enters the water-to-water heat exchanger 40 to exchange heat with the inlet coolant of the energy storage converter, cooling the inlet coolant and ensuring that the inlet water temperature of the energy storage converter meets the control requirements.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the flow rate can be precisely controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the three-way ratio according to the actual heat exchange requirements of the battery cluster and the energy storage converter, thereby realizing the function of controllably distributing the cooling capacity generated by the compressor 100 to the battery cluster and the energy storage converter.

[0038] When -25℃ < ambient temperature ≤ 0℃ and the battery cluster requires insulation, the system enters heat pump insulation mode (operating mode six). In heat pump insulation mode, heat is absorbed from the external environment through refrigerant circulation, then transferred to the coolant via a water-cooled condenser, ultimately providing heat to the battery cluster for insulation. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 6 In the single-battery heat pump insulation mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve 130 is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve 140 is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve 50 are open, and the compressor 100, liquid-cooled condenser 120, throttling device 60, heat exchanger 70, first water pump 110, second water pump 150 and heat dissipation device 80 are all turned on.

[0039] The system operates under the following conditions in single-battery heat pump insulation mode: The refrigerant circulation mode is the same as in working mode three, and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The circulation on the coolant side is as follows: the coolant that absorbs heat in the liquid-cooled condenser 120 passes through the first four-way valve 130 and the second water pump 150 and enters the battery cluster liquid cooling device 10 to heat and keep the battery cluster warm; the coolant that releases heat then enters the liquid-cooled condenser 120 through the second four-way valve 140 to absorb heat, thereby realizing the battery cluster heat pump insulation cycle.

[0041] The cooled coolant in the heat exchanger 70 flows into the first water pump 110 through the first four-way valve 130, and then enters the heat dissipation device 80 to absorb heat from the outside air. After absorbing heat, the coolant enters the heat exchanger 70 through the second four-way valve 140 to transfer heat to the refrigerant, thus completing the task of the refrigerant absorbing heat from the outside environment through the coolant.

[0042] When the ambient temperature is ≤-25℃, and the heat obtained by the system's heat pump mode alone is insufficient to meet the system's heating requirements, it is necessary to activate the water PTC auxiliary heating mode, i.e., the rapid heating mode (operating mode seven). Continue to refer to... Figure 7 In the rapid heating mode, the third and fourth valve ports of the first four-way valve 130 are connected; the third and fourth valve ports of the second four-way valve 140 are connected; the first and second ends of the three-way valve 50 are opened, and the second water pump 150 and the PTC heating device 160 are turned on.

[0043] The system operates under the following conditions in rapid heating mode: The coolant returning from the battery cluster flows through the first four-way valve 130 and the second four-way valve 140, then flows into the second water pump 150, and then flows into the PTC heating device 160. After being heated and gaining heat, it flows back into the battery cluster to transfer heat to the battery, completing the mode of rapid battery heating.

[0044] Another embodiment of the energy storage thermal management system provided by the present invention includes multiple liquid-cooled condensers 120 connected in parallel or series; and multiple heat exchangers 70 connected in parallel or series. (Two, three, or other quantities are also possible.) Reference Figure 8 The thermal management system includes two liquid-cooled condensers and two heat exchangers. In operating mode five, the first liquid-cooled condenser 1201 and the second liquid-cooled condenser 1202 are connected in parallel, and the first heat exchanger 701 and the second heat exchanger 702 are connected in parallel to form a system loop, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneous forced cooling of the battery and the PCS.

[0045] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage device including the aforementioned energy storage thermal management system. By incorporating the aforementioned energy storage thermal management system, an integrated temperature control unit is formed that can simultaneously control battery temperature and cool the energy storage converter, thereby improving the integration of the energy storage device and reducing its footprint.

[0046] The energy storage thermal management system and energy storage device provided in the above embodiments of the present invention form multiple loops through the connection between various components, enabling operation in seven modes: single-cell natural cooling, simultaneous natural cooling of battery and PCS, single-cell forced cooling, forced cooling of battery and natural cooling of PCS, simultaneous forced cooling of battery and PCS, single-cell heat pump insulation, and rapid heating. This forms an integrated temperature control unit that can take into account both battery temperature control and energy storage converter cooling. Compared with a thermal management system that is equipped with a separate air-cooling system to cool the energy storage converter, the thermal management system in the embodiments of the present invention has a higher degree of integration, occupies less space, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy control, and low cost.

[0047] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The above preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. An energy storage thermal management system, characterized in that, The system is connected to the battery cluster liquid cooling device and the energy storage converter liquid cooling device, respectively; the system includes a compressor, a liquid-cooled condenser, a throttling device, a heat exchanger, a heat dissipation device, a first water pump, a second water pump, a three-way valve, a first four-way valve, and a second four-way valve; wherein: The battery cluster liquid cooling device, the compressor, the liquid cooling condenser, the throttling device, and the heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit; the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the compressor; A water-to-water heat exchanger and a two-way valve are sequentially provided between the heat dissipation device and the liquid cooling device of the energy storage converter. The heat dissipation device is connected to the second four-way valve through the first branch pipe, and the heat dissipation device is connected to the water-to-water heat exchanger through the second branch pipe. The first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the first water pump, the second valve port is connected to the coolant outlet of the liquid-cooled condenser, the third valve port is connected to the inlet of the second water pump, and the fourth valve port is connected to the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger. The first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the coolant outlet of the heat dissipation device, the second valve port is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid-cooled condenser, the third valve port is connected to the liquid outlet of the battery cluster liquid-cooling device, and the fourth valve port is connected to the first end of the three-way valve. The second end of the three-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger, and the third end is connected to the water-to-water heat exchanger. The coolant enters the water-to-water heat exchanger through the third end of the three-way valve and exchanges heat with the coolant at the inlet of the energy storage converter to cool the coolant at the inlet of the energy storage converter. The outlet of the first water pump is connected to the inlet of the heat dissipation device; the inlet of the first water pump is also connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling device of the energy storage converter; a PTC heating device is provided between the outlet of the second water pump and the liquid cooling device of the battery cluster.

2. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the single-battery natural cooling mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, the two-way valve is closed, the heat dissipation device is started, and at least one of the first water pump and the second water pump is started.

3. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the system's simultaneous natural cooling mode for the battery and PCS, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is opened, the first and second ends of the three-way valve are opened, the heat dissipation device is started, and at least one of the first water pump and the second water pump is started.

4. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the single-battery forced cooling mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; when the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the heat dissipation device are all started.

5. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the battery forced cooling and PCS natural cooling modes, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is opened, the first end and the second end of the three-way valve are opened, and the first water pump, the second water pump and the heat dissipation device are all started.

6. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the system under the forced cooling mode of both the battery and the PCS, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the second valve port, and the third valve port is connected to the fourth valve port; the two-way valve is open, the first end and the third end of the three-way valve are open, and the water-to-water heat exchanger, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, and the heat dissipation device are all activated.

7. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the single-battery heat pump insulation mode, the first valve port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; the first valve port of the second four-way valve is connected to the fourth valve port, and the second valve port is connected to the third valve port; when the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, the compressor, the liquid-cooled condenser, the throttling device, the heat exchanger, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the heat dissipation device are all turned on.

8. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the rapid heating mode, the third and fourth ports of the first four-way valve are connected; the third and fourth ports of the second four-way valve are connected; the first and second ends of the three-way valve are open, and the second water pump and the PTC heating device are turned on.

9. The energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, One or more of the following options are available: - The number of liquid-cooled condensers is multiple, and the multiple liquid-cooled condensers are connected in parallel or in series; - The number of heat exchangers is multiple, and the multiple heat exchangers are connected in parallel or in series.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the energy storage thermal management system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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