A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material and its preparation method

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of fracturing proppants, and specifically discloses a fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand and its preparation method. The fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand in this application is mainly made from the following raw materials: bauxite; solid waste ceramsite sand; a sintering aid; sepiolite; dolomite; kaolin; an additive; the additive is at least two of phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder; an auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent is composed of wollastonite whiskers, bentonite, and modified alumina, and the preparation method of the modified alumina includes the following steps: mixing calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide, and then calcining, cooling, and grinding to obtain it; the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture; granulating the mixture until the mixture forms spherical particles to obtain green pellets; drying, calcining, and cooling the green pellets to obtain them. The fracturing proppant prepared in this application has good strength and a low crushing rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fracturing proppant preparation, and more specifically, to a fracturing proppant made from waste ceramic sand as raw material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the process of oil and gas extraction, due to the low osmotic pressure and low conductivity of underground rock formations, it is often necessary to use hydraulic fracturing technology to inject solid particles into underground rock formations to support the rock fractures, thereby increasing the passing rate of oil and gas. These solid particles are called fracturing proppants.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used fracturing proppants are natural quartz sand and high-temperature sintered ceramic sand. Due to the increase in the mining depth, natural quartz sand cannot meet the market and fracturing operation requirements, so ceramic sand fracturing proppants are mostly used. Ceramic sand fracturing proppants usually use high-grade bauxite as raw material. However, with the rapid development and large demand for ceramic sand proppants, the price of high-grade bauxite has soared, increasing the preparation cost of fracturing proppants, and further increasing the extraction costs of oil and natural gas.

[0004] In order to reduce the preparation cost of fracturing proppants, waste ceramic sand has become the main raw material for preparing fracturing proppants. Solid waste ceramic sand is some unqualified products discharged by ceramic sand fracturing proppant manufacturers and the fine powders attached to the products. The main chemical components are Al 2 O 3 、SiO 2 、Fe 2 O 3 and TiO 2 .

[0005] Currently, most of this solid waste is stacked in the factory area or dumped in the surrounding pits. With the soaking of rain and snow, it gradually becomes powdered, and the fineness after powdering is small, which is extremely likely to cause dust pollution in the surrounding area. This not only causes serious environmental pollution, but also occupies a large amount of land resources, and at the same time leads to a large waste of alumina resources.

[0006] During the preparation process of ceramic sand, the firing temperature is relatively high, and the obtained ceramic sand contains more open pores, resulting in poor strength of the obtained ceramic sand and thus a relatively high breakage rate.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to prepare a fracturing proppant with high strength and low breakage rate currently. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to reduce the breakage rate of the obtained fracturing proppant, the present application provides a fracturing proppant made from waste ceramic sand as raw material and a preparation method thereof.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as a raw material, and adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as a raw material is mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0011] 50-60 parts of bauxite;

[0012] 25-40 parts of solid waste ceramsite sand;

[0013] 1-2 parts of a sintering aid;

[0014] 10-15 parts of sepiolite;

[0015] 2-5 parts of dolomite;

[0016] 5-10 parts of kaolin;

[0017] 2-3 parts of an additive; the additive is at least two of iron phosphate ore, titanium oxide, and manganese powder;

[0018] 5-10 parts of an auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent is composed of wollastonite whiskers, bentonite, and modified alumina in a mass ratio of (1-2):(3-4):(5-7). The preparation method of the modified alumina includes the following steps: mixing calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide, and then calcining, cooling, and grinding to obtain it.

[0019] Preferably, during the preparation of the modified alumina, the calcination temperature is 1600 °C and the calcination time is 2 h.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide is (2-4):(2-3):(1-2).

[0021] Preferably, the solid waste ceramsite sand is crushed and ground, and the discharge fineness is controlled to be below 325 mesh.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of solid waste ceramsite sand facilitates the recycling and utilization of solid waste. At the same time, it cooperates with sepiolite to relieve the resource pressure of bauxite to a certain extent and improve the dust caused by solid waste ceramsite sand; the addition of solid waste ceramsite sand and sepiolite facilitates the replacement of part of the bauxite, reduces the addition amount of bauxite, and reduces the preparation cost of the fracturing proppant. At the same time, it cooperates with raw materials such as sintering aids, additives, and auxiliary agents to reduce the sintering temperature during the preparation of the fracturing proppant, improve the strength of the fracturing proppant, and reduce the breakage rate of the prepared fracturing proppant;

[0023] Among the additives, the addition of manganese powder facilitates reducing the sintering temperature of the ceramsite proppant and improving the acid corrosion resistance of the fracturing proppant at the same time; the addition of phosphoric iron ore facilitates increasing the sintering degree of the fracturing proppant and reducing the sintering temperature; the addition of titanium oxide facilitates forming a limited substitutional solid solution with alumina. Due to the differences in coordination number, valence, and ionic radius, lattice distortion and cation vacancies are likely to occur, which facilitates sintering.

[0024] Among the auxiliary agents, the addition of bentonite facilitates enhancing the plasticity of the fracturing proppant blank, improving the strength of the fracturing proppant blank ball, and reducing the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant blank ball; at the same time, it increases the amount of liquid phase during firing and reduces the sintering temperature of the product; the addition of wollastonite whiskers facilitates forming a network structure in the fracturing proppant, thus reducing the occurrence of fractures in the fracturing proppant.

[0025] The modified alumina contains alumina, calcium carbonate, and silicon oxide. Therefore, the sintering of the modified alumina is liquid-phase sintering. During the sintering process of the modified alumina, a liquid phase is formed, which may generate a large capillary force. This capillary force acts on the particles, causing the particles to slip, further rearranging the particles, and removing pores, which facilitates improving the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant; at the same time, the process of dissolution-precipitation can be completed between some particles through the liquid phase, realizing rapid mass transfer, and further improving the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0026] The addition of dolomite facilitates greatly reducing the sintering temperature of the product, increasing the surface tension of the liquid phase, and broadening the sintering range of the ceramsite proppant; moreover, it reacts with alumina at 1000°C to form spinel, which is wrapped outside and located at the grain boundary; when the alumina grains grow, it is hindered by foreign substances at the grain boundary. For the grain boundary to move further, it must exceed the spinel phase, which requires a large amount of energy to achieve. Therefore, the growth of alumina grains is prevented, and the product obtains a microcrystalline structure, greatly improving the strength of the fracturing proppant. At the same time, the breakage rate is small.

[0027] Preferably, the mass ratio of the bauxite, waste ceramsite sand, sepiolite, and kaolin is (52 - 55):(30 - 35):(12 - 14):(7 - 8).

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the ratio of the four components of bauxite, waste ceramsite sand, sepiolite, and kaolin is adjusted to make the ratio of each component reach the best, which facilitates reducing the sintering temperature and improving the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant at the same time.

[0029] Preferably, the additive is composed of phosphoric iron ore, titanium oxide, and manganese powder according to the mass ratio of (1 - 2):(3 - 4):(1 - 3).

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the additive is obtained by compounding three components: phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder. The ratio of the three components is adjusted to make the ratio of the three components reach the best. The addition of phosphoferrite is convenient for reducing the sintering temperature of the fracturing proppant, improving its sintering degree, and broadening its sintering range. However, due to the addition of phosphoferrite, the density of the fracturing proppant increases, thereby reducing the acid corrosion resistance of the proppant; the radius of Mn in the manganese powder is similar to that of Al, and it is very easy to replace the aluminum ions in the unit cell to form a solid solution, causing lattice distortion and skewing of the lattice; when subjected to high-temperature reduction, the radius of the manganese ion further increases, which makes the Al 2 O 3 lattice more skewed, reducing the energy required for crystal transformation, thereby greatly reducing the sintering temperature of the product; at the same time, because the ions themselves have extremely strong nucleation ability, they can improve the crystallization ability of the glass phase during the cooling process of the product, improving the acid corrosion resistance of the proppant; the addition of titanium oxide is convenient for forming a limited substitutional solid solution with alumina, resulting in lattice distortion and cation vacancies, which is convenient for promoting sintering.

[0031] Preferably, the kaolin is modified kaolin, and the preparation method of the modified kaolin includes the following steps: mixing kaolin with lanthanum metavanadate, grinding evenly, drying, and roasting to obtain it.

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of the kaolin to the lanthanum metavanadate is 1:(3 - 5).

[0033] Preferably, the drying temperature is 110 - 120 °C, and the drying time is 15 - 20 min.

[0034] Preferably, the roasting temperature is 750 - 800 °C, and the roasting time is 30 - 40 min.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, kaolin and lanthanum metavanadate are mixed, so that vanadium is loaded on the kaolin. During the calcination process of the modified kaolin, a vanadium oxide crystal phase is formed. The melting temperature of the vanadium oxide crystal phase is relatively low, which is convenient for forming a low-temperature eutectic with the silicon-aluminum compound in the kaolin, facilitating the better formation of the mullite phase, thereby reducing the firing temperature of the fracturing proppant and at the same time improving the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0036] Preferably, the modified kaolin is successively subjected to acid leaching, alkali leaching, filtration, washing, and drying.

[0037] Preferably, the temperature of the acid leaching is 70 - 80 °C, the acid leaching solution is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and the reaction time is 2 - 3 h.

[0038] Preferably, the temperature of the alkali leaching is 80 - 95 °C, the alkali leaching solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and the reaction time is 2 - 3 h.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, after acid extraction of the modified kaolin, it is convenient to further reduce the content of activated alumina, thereby increasing the content of mullite phase formed by subsequent calcination. After alkali extraction, the cristobalite phase in the sample decreases, and a large amount of activated silica in the sample reacts with alkaline substances and is separated, so as to further increase the content of mullite phase formed and improve the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0040] Preferably, the sintering aid is composed of magnesian clay and silica fume in a mass ratio of (4 - 6):(2 - 3).

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the sintering aid is obtained by compounding magnesian clay and silica fume. The ratio of the two components of magnesian clay and silica fume is adjusted to make the two components reach the best state. Magnesian clay has high reaction activity and is easy to hydrate. It can react with water to generate Mg(OH) 2 and harden, having a certain bonding ability. The interaction between magnesian clay and silica fume and bentonite in the auxiliary agent can not only accelerate the speed of the combustion reaction, but also effectively ensure the strength and surface hardness of the proppant.

[0042] Preferably, the bauxite is light-burned bauxite.

[0043] Preferably, the preparation method of the light-burned bauxite includes the following steps: calcining the raw bauxite, keeping it warm, and then naturally cooling to obtain it.

[0044] Preferably, during the preparation of the light-burned bauxite, the calcination temperature is 650 °C, the heat preservation temperature is 650 °C, and the heat preservation time is 4 h. The calcination container is an electric resistance furnace.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the bauxite becomes light-burned bauxite after light-burning treatment. The particle size of small particles does not change significantly, and the particle size of some large particles becomes smaller; among them, the content of AL 2 O 3 increases by about 10%, the content of SiO 2 does not change significantly, and the content of TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 increases. The light-burned bauxite changes from a layered dense structure to a loose one, which is convenient for better sintering, and the prepared fracturing proppant has better strength.

[0046] Preferably, the sepiolite is pretreated sepiolite, and the preparation method of the pretreated sepiolite includes the following steps: pre-burning the sepiolite, and then adding nickel oxide and ball-milling and mixing to obtain it.

[0047] Preferably, the temperature of the pre-burning is 1050 - 1100 °C.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, sepiolite is a special three-dimensional structure with a large specific surface area and layered porosity. After pre-calcination treatment, the layer spacing becomes larger and the adsorption property is enhanced, which is convenient for increasing the adsorption amount of nickel oxide. During calcination, part of the nickel oxide may dissolve into the calcium oxide and magnesium oxide lattices of dolomite, and part of the nickel oxide may dissolve into the magnesium oxide lattice of sepiolite. When nickel oxide dissolves into the magnesium oxide lattice, the radii of nickel ions and magnesium ions are different, resulting in lattice distortion of magnesium oxide, thereby increasing the lattice constant of magnesium oxide, promoting the diffusion of magnesium ions and calcium ions, reducing the activation energy of grain growth, thus promoting the sintering of dolomite and sepiolite, further reducing the sintering temperature, and improving the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0049] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a fracturing proppant using waste ceramic sand as a raw material, adopting the following technical solution:

[0050] A method for preparing a fracturing proppant using waste ceramic sand as a raw material includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Raw material mixing: Mix the raw materials to obtain a mixed material;

[0052] (2) Green pellet preparation: Granulate the mixed material obtained in step (1) until the mixed material forms spherical pellets to obtain green pellets;

[0053] (3) Proppant preparation: Dry, calcine, and cool the green pellets obtained in step (2) to obtain the product.

[0054] Preferably, in step (1), the raw materials are ground into fine powder and passed through a 325-mesh sieve.

[0055] Preferably, in step (2), granulation is carried out in a sugar coating machine and atomized water vapor is added simultaneously.

[0056] Preferably, the drying in step (3) is carried out in a drying oven.

[0057] Preferably, the calcination in step (3) is carried out in a silicon molybdenum rod resistance furnace.

[0058] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation process of the present application is simple, the prepared fracturing proppant has better performance, and waste ceramic is used as part of the raw materials to replace part of the bauxite, and at the same time, it cooperates with sepiolite, thereby alleviating the resource pressure of bauxite to a certain extent, reducing the preparation cost of the fracturing proppant, and the prepared fracturing proppant has better performance.

[0059] Preferably, the calcination temperature is 1200 - 1300 °C.

[0060] By adopting the above technical solution, if the calcination temperature is too low, underburning may occur, resulting in a relatively low strength of the prepared fracturing proppant. If the temperature is too high, overburning may occur, thereby reducing the strength of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0061] Preferably, the heat preservation time is 3 - 5h.

[0062] By adopting the above technical solution, during the sintering process, maintaining a certain heat preservation time is beneficial to the mass transfer and diffusion processes, enabling various reactions at high temperatures to be completed with sufficient time, allowing gas products to be discharged with sufficient time, and gradually homogenizing the microstructure inside the ceramsite, and the ceramsite structure gradually becoming dense. As the heat preservation time extends, new solid phases will precipitate in the ceramsite, generating new grain boundaries, and the original grains will also grow continuously. The uniformity of the microstructure of the sample will also be affected to a certain extent. Therefore, the bulk density of the sample gradually decreases, and the strength also decreases slightly.

[0063] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. The fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as the raw material in the present application is convenient for replacing part of the bauxite, realizing the reuse of resources. At the same time, in cooperation with sepiolite, it is convenient to improve the strength of the fracturing proppant on the basis of reducing the preparation cost of the fracturing proppant.

[0065] 2. The fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as the raw material in the present application is prepared by adding three components, namely an auxiliary agent, an additive, and a sintering aid, to the raw materials. The three components cooperate with other materials in the fracturing proppant, which is convenient for reducing the sintering temperature of the fracturing proppant, and at the same time, the prepared fracturing proppant has better strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 Performance tests of the fracturing proppant prepared from solid waste ceramsite sand as the raw material for Examples 1 - 9, Comparative Examples 1 - 2, and Comparative Examples 1 - 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0067] The following further elaborates on the present application with reference to the embodiments.

[0068] For the processes, conditions, experimental methods, etc. of implementing the invention in the present application, except for the specifically mentioned content below, they are all common knowledge and well-known common sense in the art. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Changes and advantages that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept are all included in the present invention.

[0069] Embodiments

[0070] Example 1: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as the raw material, comprising the following raw materials by weight:

[0071] 50 kg of bauxite; the bauxite is lightly calcined bauxite; the preparation method of the lightly calcined bauxite includes the following steps: calcine the raw bauxite, keep it warm, and then cool it naturally to obtain it; during the preparation process of the lightly calcined bauxite, the calcination temperature is 650 °C, the heat preservation temperature is 650 °C, and the heat preservation time is 4 h; the calcination container is an electric resistance furnace;

[0072] 25 kg of solid waste ceramsite sand; the solid waste ceramsite sand is crushed and ground, and the fineness of the discharged material is controlled below 325 mesh;

[0073] 1 kg of combustion aid; the combustion aid is composed of magnesian clay and silica fume in a mass ratio of 4:2;

[0074] 10 kg of sepiolite;

[0075] 2 kg of dolomite;

[0076] 5 kg of kaolin;

[0077] 2 kg of additive; the additive is composed of phosphoferrite and titanium oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0078] 5 kg of auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent is composed of wollastonite whiskers, bentonite, and modified alumina in a mass ratio of 1:3:5. The preparation method of the modified alumina includes the following steps: mix calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide, and then calcine, cool, and grind to obtain it. Among them, the calcination temperature is 1600 °C, and the calcination time is 2 h; the mass ratio of calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide is 4:3:2.

[0079] The preparation method of the above fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material includes the following steps:

[0080] (1) Raw material mixing: Grind the raw materials into fine powder, pass through a 325-mesh sieve and then mix to obtain a mixed material;

[0081] (2) Preparation of green granules: Granulate the mixed material obtained in step (1) until the mixed material forms spherical granules to obtain green granules; among them, the granulation is carried out in a sugar coating machine and atomized water vapor is added at the same time;

[0082] (3) Proppant preparation: Dry, calcine, and cool the green granules obtained in step (2) to obtain it; the calcination temperature is 1250 °C, and the heat preservation time is 4 h; the drying is carried out in a drying oven; the calcination is carried out in a silicon molybdenum rod resistance furnace.

[0083] Table 1 Component ratios of each raw material of the fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material in Examples 1-4

[0084] Raw material Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Bauxite 50 52 60 55 Solid waste ceramsite sand 25 30 40 35 Fluxing agent 1 1.5 2 1.5 Sepiolite 10 12 15 14 Dolomite 2 3 5 3 Kaolin 5 7 10 8 Additive 2 2.5 3 2.5 Auxiliary agent 5 8 10 8

[0085] Example 2: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material, the component ratio of the raw materials is shown in Table 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the component ratios of the raw materials are different.

[0086] Example 3: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material, the component ratio of the raw materials is shown in Table 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the component ratios of the raw materials are different. The auxiliary agent is composed of wollastonite whiskers, bentonite, and modified alumina in a mass ratio of 2:4:7; the sintering aid is composed of magnesian clay and silica ash in a mass ratio of 6:3.

[0087] Example 4: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material, the component ratio of the raw materials is shown in Table 1. The difference from Example 1 is that the component ratios of the raw materials are different.

[0088] Example 5: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material. The difference from Example 4 is that the additive is composed of phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder in a mass ratio of 1:3:1.

[0089] Example 6: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material. The difference from Example 4 is that the additive is composed of phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder in a mass ratio of 2:4:3.

[0090] Example 7: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material. The difference from Example 6 is that the kaolin is modified kaolin. The preparation method of the modified kaolin includes the following steps: mixing kaolin with lanthanum metavanadate, grinding evenly, drying, and roasting to obtain it. Among them, the mass ratio of kaolin to lanthanum metavanadate is 1:3; the drying temperature is 120 °C, and the drying time is 15 min; the roasting temperature is 800 °C, and the roasting time is 35 min.

[0091] Example 8: A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material. The difference from Example 6 is that the kaolin is modified kaolin. The preparation method of the modified kaolin includes the following steps: mixing kaolin with lanthanum metavanadate, grinding evenly, drying, roasting, and successively passing through acid leaching, alkali leaching, filtration, washing, and drying. Among them, the mass ratio of kaolin to lanthanum metavanadate is 1:3; the drying temperature is 120 °C, and the drying time is 15 min; the roasting temperature is 800 °C, and the roasting time is 35 min; the acid leaching temperature is 75 °C, the acid leaching solution is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and the reaction time is 2 h; the alkali leaching temperature is 85 °C, the alkali leaching solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and the reaction time is 3 h.

[0092] Example 9: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 6 in that: the sepiolite is pretreated sepiolite, and the preparation method of the pretreated sepiolite includes the following steps: pre-burn the sepiolite, and then add nickel oxide and ball mill and mix them to obtain it. Among them, the pre-burning temperature is 1050 °C, and the mass ratio of sepiolite to nickel oxide is 1:5.

[0093] Comparative Example

[0094] Comparative Example 1: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: the additive is composed of phospho-iron ore, titanium oxide, and manganese powder in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0095] Comparative Example 2: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: the bauxite is ordinary bauxite.

[0096] Control Example

[0097] Control Example 1: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: no auxiliary agent is added.

[0098] Control Example 2: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: no additive is added.

[0099] Control Example 3: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: the additive is phospho-iron ore.

[0100] Control Example 4: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: an equal amount of bentonite is used to replace the modified alumina.

[0101] Control Example 5: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: an equal amount of bentonite is used to replace the wollastonite whiskers.

[0102] Control Example 6: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: the alumina is not modified.

[0103] Control Example 7: A fracturing proppant made from solid waste ceramsite sand, which is different from Example 1 in that: the preparation method of the modified alumina includes the following steps: mix calcium carbonate and alumina, and then calcine, cool, and grind to obtain it.

[0104] Detection Method

[0105] Mechanical property detection: Take the fracturing proppants made from solid waste ceramsite sand prepared in Examples 1-9, Comparative Examples 1-2, and Comparative Examples 1-7, and detect the breakage rate of the fracturing proppants according to the detection method in SY / T 5108—2014 "Test Method for Proppant Performance in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel Packing Operations". The detection results are as Figure 1 shown.

[0106] Analysis of detection data

[0107] Combined with Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-2, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant prepared in Example 1 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2, indicating that the auxiliary agent, additive and other components in the fracturing proppant cooperate with each other, which is convenient for greatly improving the strength of the fracturing proppant and reducing the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant at the same time.

[0108] Combined with Example 1, Comparative Example 3, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant prepared in Example 1 is less than that of the fracturing proppant prepared in Comparative Example 3. The additive in Example 1 is prepared by compounding phosphoferrite and titanium oxide, and the additive in Comparative Example 3 is phosphoferrite, indicating that the compounded additive has a greater impact on the performance of the fracturing proppant.

[0109] Combined with Example 1, Comparative Examples 4-5, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant prepared in Example 1 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Comparative Examples 4-5. The auxiliary agent in Comparative Examples 4-5 is prepared by compounding two components, and the auxiliary agent in Example 1 is prepared by compounding three components, indicating that when the auxiliary agent is compounded by three components, it has a greater impact on the performance of the prepared fracturing proppant and helps to improve the performance of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0110] Combined with Example 1, Comparative Examples 6-7, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppant prepared in Example 1 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Comparative Examples 6-7. The alumina in Comparative Example 6 is not modified, and the preparation method of the modified alumina in Comparative Example 7 is different from that of the present application, indicating that after the alumina in the auxiliary agent is modified and modified by the method of the present application, it has a greater impact on the performance of the prepared fracturing proppant.

[0111] Combined with Examples 1-4, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the performances of the fracturing proppants prepared in Examples 1-4 are different. The difference between Examples 1-4 is that the component ratios of the raw materials are different, indicating that the component ratios of the raw materials have a greater impact on the performance of the fracturing proppant.

[0112] Combined with Examples 4-6, Comparative Example 1, and combined withFigure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppants prepared in Examples 4 - 6 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Comparative Example 1. The difference between Examples 4 - 6 and Comparative Example 1 lies in that the component ratios of the additives are different, indicating that the additives with different component ratios have a great influence on the performance of the fracturing proppants and cannot be randomly selected.

[0113] Combined with Examples 6 - 8, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppants prepared in Examples 7 - 8 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Example 6. In Examples 7 - 8, the kaolin in the raw materials is treated, and the treated kaolin is added to the fracturing proppants, which is convenient for further improving the performance of the prepared fracturing proppants.

[0114] Combined with Example 6 and Example 9, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppants prepared in Example 9 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Example 6. The difference between Example 9 and Example 6 is that the sepiolite in Example 9 is treated, the sepiolite is mixed with nickel oxide to prepare modified sepiolite, and the modified sepiolite is added to the fracturing proppants, and the fracturing proppants prepared thereby have better performance.

[0115] Combined with Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and combined with Figure 1 It can be seen that the breakage rate of the fracturing proppants prepared in Example 1 is less than that of the fracturing proppants prepared in Comparative Example 2. The difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 is that the bauxite in Example 1 is light - burned bauxite, indicating that the fracturing proppants prepared with the treated bauxite have better performance.

[0116] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application, and it is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contributions to this embodiment as needed, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material, characterized in that, it is mainly made of raw materials in the following weight parts: 50 - 60 parts of bauxite; 25 - 40 parts of solid waste ceramsite sand; 1 - 2 parts of combustion aid; 10 - 15 parts of sepiolite; 2 - 5 parts of dolomite; 5 - 10 parts of kaolin; 2 - 3 parts of additive; the additive is at least two of phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder; 5 - 10 parts of auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent is composed of wollastonite whisker, bentonite, and modified alumina in a mass ratio of (1 - 2):(3 - 4):(5 - 7), and the preparation method of the modified alumina includes the following steps: mixing calcium carbonate, alumina, and silicon oxide, and then calcining, cooling, and grinding to obtain it; the additive is composed of phosphoferrite, titanium oxide, and manganese powder in a mass ratio of (1 - 2):(3 - 4):(1 - 3); the kaolin is modified kaolin, and the preparation method of the modified kaolin includes the following steps: mixing kaolin with lanthanum metavanadate, grinding evenly, drying, roasting, and successively performing acid extraction, alkali extraction, filtration, washing, and drying; the combustion aid is composed of magnesian clay and silica in a mass ratio of (4 - 6):(2 - 3).

2. A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the bauxite, solid waste ceramsite sand, sepiolite, and kaolin is (52 - 55):(30 - 35):(12 - 14):(7 - 8).

3. A fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bauxite is light - burned bauxite.

4. A preparation method of a fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that: it includes the following steps, (1) Raw material mixing: Mix the raw materials to obtain a mixed material; (2) Green pellet preparation: Granulate the mixed material obtained in step (1) until the mixed material forms spherical pellets to obtain green pellets; (3) Proppant preparation: Dry, calcine, and cool the green pellets obtained in step (2) to obtain the proppant.

5. A preparation method of a fracturing proppant using solid waste ceramsite sand as raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: the calcination temperature is 1200 - 1300 °C.

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