Discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of electrochemical discharge-grinding composite machining, and discloses a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool, which comprises an integrated chuck, the integrated chuck is integrally formed by a connecting shaft located in the middle and a spiral end chuck and a polished rod end chuck located at both ends of the connecting shaft respectively; a spiral electrode is screw-mounted at one end of the spiral end chuck away from the connecting shaft, and a polished rod electrode is fixedly installed at one end of the polished rod end chuck away from the connecting shaft; abrasive is electroplated on the thread line of the spiral electrode; the spiral electrode, the polished rod electrode and the integrated chuck are located on the same axis. The cross sections of the spiral end chuck, the polished rod end chuck and the connecting shaft are all circular, and the cross section diameters of the spiral end chuck and the polished rod end chuck are both greater than the cross section diameter of the connecting shaft. The technical scheme can reduce assembly time, improve machining efficiency and machining quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of electrochemical discharge-grinding composite machining, and particularly relates to a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metal matrix composites have excellent characteristics such as high material hardness, good thermal conductivity and high dimensional stability, and are widely used in fields such as aerospace optical systems, space exploration systems, inertial navigation systems and high-power electronic packaging. However, such materials have the disadvantages of high hardness, brittleness and poor cutting performance. When machining such difficult-to-machine materials using traditional mechanical machining, the tool wears severely, the machining cost is high, the dimensional accuracy of the machined parts cannot be met, and the application and development of the materials in related fields are severely restricted. Therefore, a new machining method and a matching tool electrode are urgently needed, which can reduce tool wear and improve the surface quality and accuracy after machining.

[0003] Discharge machining is a machining technology that removes workpiece materials through heat energy generated by discharge between electrodes. As the inter-electrode voltage increases, the inter-electrode medium is ionized and broken down to produce spark discharge. The high temperature generated by the discharge gasifies, melts and throws out the material. Discharge machining has the characteristics of not considering the hardness and size of the workpiece, and can machine complex components. It has been applied to the machining of metal matrix composites. However, during the machining process, the product is not removed in time, the inter-electrode medium is not fully deionized, which affects the stable progress of the machining, resulting in poor surface quality after machining, and the surface has defects such as recast layer and cracks.

[0004] Electrochemical machining is a non-contact machining method in which the material to be removed is used as the anode and the machining electrode is used as the cathode in a working fluid with a certain electrical conductivity. When electricity is turned on, the workpiece material undergoes anodic dissolution to achieve material removal. It has the advantages of not being limited by material hardness, no tool wear, and no surface recast layer. In the electrochemical machining of metal matrix composites, the reinforcing phase material often does not have conductivity, so when the metal matrix is dissolved, the reinforcing phase material will remain on the surface of the workpiece, causing short circuit.

[0005] Grinding machining is a machining method that uses high-hardness abrasive particles to remove materials at high speed. In traditional mechanical grinding, the surface quality after grinding machining is high, and the shape accuracy is high. However, the removal rate of grinding machining is low, and heat is generated during the machining process, which further aggravates tool wear.

[0006] However, the traditional electrochemical discharge-grinding composite machining method in the prior art has many disadvantages: the discharge is concentrated on the same electrode, the electrode wears severely, the abrasive particles are easy to fall off, the machining precision and surface quality are difficult to guarantee, and the tool wears severely, resulting in low machining efficiency. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool, comprising:

[0009] An integrated chuck is integrally formed by a connecting shaft located in the middle and a spiral end chuck and a polished rod end chuck located at both ends of the connecting shaft respectively;

[0010] A spiral electrode is screw-mounted at one end of the spiral end chuck away from the connecting shaft, and a polished rod electrode is fixedly installed at one end of the polished rod end chuck away from the connecting shaft;

[0011] Abrasive material is electroplated on the thread line of the spiral electrode;

[0012] The spiral electrode, the polished rod electrode and the integrated chuck are located on the same axis.

[0013] Optionally, the spiral electrode and the polished rod electrode are both electric spark electrode materials with strong heat resistance, and the electric spark electrode material is any one of graphite, red copper and tungsten copper alloy.

[0014] Optionally, the abrasive material is composed of a plurality of uniformly arranged abrasive particles, and the abrasive particles are any one of diamond, SiC and Al2O3.

[0015] Optionally, the abrasive material is plated on the thread line of the spiral electrode by electroplating a binder nickel.

[0016] Optionally, the mesh number of the abrasive particles is 80-240 mesh.

[0017] Optionally, the cross sections of the spiral end chuck, the polished rod end chuck and the connecting shaft are all circular, and the cross-sectional diameters of the spiral end chuck and the polished rod end chuck are both greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the connecting shaft.

[0018] The technical effect of the present application is:

[0019] The application provides a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool, a tool upper section of which is a light pole electrode body, used for realizing discharge electrochemical large-amount removal rough machining, the tool upper section is cylindrical, and the machining area is increased to improve the rough machining material removal amount; a tool lower section is a surface abrasive plating part, used for realizing electrolytic milling and grinding fine machining, the tool lower section is provided with a spiral shape to improve the machining surface quality, facilitate electrolyte renewal of a machining area, improve machining product discharge rate, and reduce machining area temperature; a tool middle section is an integrated chuck part, used for connecting a machine tool spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool in the embodiment of the present application, and is a front view.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a chuck part front view of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a discharge electrochemical machining schematic view of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is an electrolytic milling and grinding machining schematic view of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Label explanation: 1-light pole electrode, 2-abrasive, 3-electroplated binder, 4-spiral electrode, 5-connection shaft, 6-light pole end chuck, 7-spiral end chuck, 8-workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0030] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods have been described herein, any methods similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe the methods associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0031] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0032] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated roughing and finishing tool combining electrochemical discharge and grinding, comprising:

[0036] An integrated chuck is formed by a connecting shaft 5 located in the middle and a spiral end chuck 7 and a smooth rod end chuck located at both ends of the connecting shaft 5.

[0037] The spiral electrode 4 is screwed and mounted on one end of the connecting shaft 5 away from the connecting shaft 5, and the light pole electrode 1 is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting shaft 5 away from the connecting shaft 5.

[0038] The thread line of the spiral electrode 4 is electroplated with abrasive 2;

[0039] The spiral electrode 4, the light pole electrode 1 and the integrated chuck are located on the same axis.

[0040] Figure 1 It is the front view of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and fine machining integrated tool, the upper segment of the tool is the light pole electrode 1, which is used to realize discharge electrochemical large excess removal rough machining, in order to increase the machining area, the upper segment of the tool is cylindrical. The lower segment of the tool is the abrasive plating part, the abrasive 2 is plated on the surface of the lower segment of the tool through the electroplating binder 3, in order to update the electrolyte of the machining area in time, improve the discharge rate of the machining product, reduce the temperature of the machining area, and improve the surface quality, the lower segment of the tool is designed as the spiral electrode 4. The middle segment of the tool is the integrated chuck part, the integrated chuck is integrally formed by the connecting shaft 5 located in the middle and the spiral end chuck 7 and the light pole end chuck 6 located at both ends of the connecting shaft 5 respectively; for connecting the main shaft of the machine tool.

[0041] The working liquid is sodium chloride-glycol solution or sodium chloride aqueous solution, and the electrical conductivity is not less than 3.5 μS / cm.

[0042] The upper segment of the tool is the light pole electrode body, which is used to realize discharge electrochemical large excess removal rough machining, and the body material is any one of graphite, red copper and tungsten copper alloy, which is an electric spark electrode material with strong heat resistance. The cross-sectional shape is circular with a diameter of 2-10 mm.

[0043] The lower segment of the tool is the surface abrasive plating part, which is used to realize electrolytic milling and grinding fine machining, the spiral electrode 4 and the light pole electrode 1 are both electric spark electrode materials with strong heat resistance; when the abrasive is plated, the electroplating binder is nickel; the abrasive is diamond or SiC or Al2O3; the abrasive mesh is 80#-240#; the plating layer thickness is 0.5 mm. The lower segment of the tool is spiral-shaped, which is convenient for showing the electrolyte of the machining area, in order to improve the discharge rate of the machining product, the spiral pitch of the spiral line is 50 mm.

[0044] The cross section of the spiral end chuck 7, the light pole end chuck 6 and the connecting shaft 5 can be circular, and the cross-sectional diameter of the spiral end chuck 7 and the light pole end chuck 6 is greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the connecting shaft 5.

[0045] Figure 3Figure 1 is a front view of a discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool holder part for connecting a machine tool spindle. The total length of the holder L = 20 mm, the length of the part for cooperating with the machine tool spindle L1 = 1 mm, the taper angle θ is 60°, the outer diameter R1 = 15 mm; the inner diameter R of the holder varies according to the tool diameter, ranging from 2 to 10 mm; in order to reduce the overall weight, a stepped shaft structure is used in the middle part of the integrated holder, L2 = 15 mm, R2 = R + 2; L3 = 1.5 mm.

[0046] Figure 4 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of discharge electrochemical machining of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool in the embodiment. When performing discharge electrochemical machining, the light pole end holder 6 is connected with the machine tool spindle, and the light pole electrode 1 is used to perform discharge electrochemical machining on the workpiece 8.

[0047] Figure 5 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of electrolytic milling and grinding machining of the discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool in the embodiment. When performing electrolytic milling and grinding machining, the spiral end holder 7 is connected with the machine tool spindle, and the spiral electrode 4 is used to perform electrolytic milling and grinding machining on the workpiece 8.

[0048] The discharge electrochemical-grinding composite rough and finish machining integrated tool provided in the embodiment has a light pole electrode body as the upper part of the tool, which is used to realize discharge electrochemical rough machining with large excess material removal, and the upper part of the tool is cylindrical, which increases the machining area and improves the material removal amount in rough machining; the surface of the lower part of the tool is plated with abrasive material, which is used to realize electrolytic milling and grinding finish machining, the lower part of the tool is provided in a spiral shape to improve the quality of the machining surface, facilitate the renewal of the electrolyte in the machining area, improve the discharge rate of the machining product, and reduce the temperature in the machining area; the middle part of the tool is an integrated holder part for connecting the machine tool spindle. When switching between rough and finish machining, the tool only needs to be taken out of the machine tool spindle, and then inserted into the spindle in the opposite direction, so that the tool can be switched from discharge electrochemical rough machining to electrolytic milling and grinding finish machining, which reduces the assembly time, and the stepped shaft structure is used in the integrated holder, which reduces the cost of the machining tool.

[0049] The above description is only the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined roughing and finishing tool integrating electrochemical and grinding processes, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a spiral electrode and light pole electrode integrated chuck, including: Integrated chuck is integrally formed by the connecting shaft (5) in the middle and the spiral end chuck (7) and light pole end chuck (6) respectively at both ends of the connecting shaft (5); The spiral electrode (4) is screw-mounted on the end of the spiral end chuck (7) away from the connecting shaft (5), and the light pole electrode (1) is fixedly installed on the end of the light pole end chuck (6) away from the connecting shaft (5); Abrasive (2) is electroplated on the thread line of the spiral electrode (4); The abrasive (2) is composed of a plurality of uniformly arranged abrasive grains, and the abrasive grains are any one of diamond, SiC and Al2O3; The spiral electrode (4), light pole electrode (1) and the integrated chuck are located on the same axis.

2. The electrochemical discharge-grinding composite rough-finish integrated tool according to claim 1, wherein The spiral electrode (4) and the light pole electrode (1) are both electric spark electrode materials with strong heat resistance, and the electric spark electrode material adopts any one of graphite, red copper and tungsten copper alloy.

3. The electrochemical discharge-grinding composite rough-finish integrated tool according to claim 1, wherein, The abrasive (2) is electroplated on the thread line of the spiral electrode (4) through the electroplating binder (3).

4. The electrochemical discharge-grinding composite rough-finish integrated tool according to claim 1, wherein, The mesh number of the abrasive grain is 80-240 mesh.

5. The electrochemical discharge-grinding composite rough-finish integrated tool according to claim 1, wherein The cross sections of the spiral end chuck (7), the light pole end chuck (6) and the connecting shaft (5) are all circular, and the cross section diameters of the spiral end chuck (7) and the light pole end chuck (6) are both greater than the cross section diameter of the connecting shaft (5).

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