An electric spindle and machine tool

Abstract

The application provides an electric spindle and a machine tool. The electric spindle comprises a stator assembly, a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the stator assembly, a first flow channel is formed between the shaft sleeve and the stator assembly, the first flow channel has a first end and a second end, an end of the shaft sleeve is provided with a bearing seat, a first inlet and a first outlet are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the bearing seat, the first inlet is communicated with the first end, and the first outlet is communicated with the second end. According to the application, the electric spindle in the prior art cannot cool the bearing position, which leads to low service life of the electric spindle, and the cooling efficiency of the electric spindle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machine tool technology, specifically relating to an electric spindle and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] An electric spindle is a new technology that integrates the machine tool spindle and spindle motor into one unit. The spindle is directly driven by the built-in motor, eliminating the gear, belt, or coupling transmission of traditional spindles, thus shortening the transmission chain length of the machine tool spindle to zero. It is widely used in the manufacturing of precision molds, automobiles, ships, aerospace, and other cutting-edge products. The electric spindle has a complex structure, with the spindle core being the core component. Bearings, motors, and other parts are assembled on it, and the overall assembly precision determines the rotational accuracy of the electric spindle.

[0003] The main factor affecting the service life of an electric spindle is the cooling efficiency of the motor and bearing housing. During operation, the motor and bearings generate a large amount of heat. If the motor and bearings cannot be cooled quickly, their temperatures will rise rapidly, eventually causing permanent damage and rendering them unusable. Current technologies employ axially penetrating cooling channels, resulting in fast cooling water flow and low cooling efficiency. The short cooling water circulation channels also fail to form an effective cooling system. Furthermore, the motor cooling channels cannot adequately cool the bearing housings, failing to quickly reduce the heat generated during spindle operation. Alternatively, lubrication circuits may be provided on the front bearing, with the motor stator connected to the rotor, and the cooling tank connected to the stator, leaving the bearing housings uncooled.

[0004] Because existing electric spindles cannot cool the bearing housing, they cannot quickly reduce the heat generated during the operation of the electric spindle, resulting in technical problems such as low cooling efficiency and short service life of the electric spindle. Therefore, this invention studies and designs an electric spindle and machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the electric spindle in the prior art cannot cool the bearing position, resulting in a short service life of the electric spindle, thereby providing an electric spindle and a machine tool.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides an electric spindle, including a stator assembly, a bushing fitted on the stator assembly, a first flow channel formed between the bushing and the stator assembly, the first flow channel having a first end and a second end, a bearing seat provided at the end of the bushing, the bearing seat having a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet being connected to the first end, and the first outlet being connected to the second end.

[0007] In some embodiments, a second flow channel is formed between the end of the bushing and the bearing housing, with one end of the second flow channel connected to the first end and the other end connected to the second end.

[0008] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the stator assembly, the height of the first end of the first flow channel is higher than the height of the second end of the first flow channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first flow channel is arranged in a spiral along the axial direction of the stator assembly, with a first end of the first flow channel located close to the bearing housing and a second end of the first flow channel located away from the bearing housing.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first inlet and the first outlet extend radially along the bearing housing, the end of the bushing is provided with a second inlet and a second outlet, a second flow channel is formed between the end of the bushing and the bearing housing, the first inlet and the second inlet are both connected to one end of the second flow channel, and the first outlet and the second outlet are both connected to the other end of the second flow channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bearing housing has a bushing on one side and a pressure cap on the other side. The pressure cap has a third inlet connected to the first outlet. A flange is provided on the side of the pressure cap facing away from the bushing, and a nozzle is provided on the side of the flange facing away from the pressure cap. The third inlet is connected to the nozzle.

[0012] In some embodiments, a portion of the bearing housing is fitted inside the pressure cover, and a third flow channel is formed between the side wall of the portion of the bearing housing fitted inside the pressure cover and the pressure cover. One end of the third flow channel is connected to the second end of the first outlet, and the other end is connected to the third inlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the third flow channel is annular, and the gland is also provided with a fourth inlet, which is connected to the third flow channel. The flange is provided with at least two fourth flow channels on the side facing the gland. The fourth inlet and the third inlet are respectively connected to one of the fourth flow channels. The flange has multiple nozzles, which are connected to the fourth flow channels.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fourth flow channel and the nozzle are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the flange.

[0015] The present invention also provides a machine tool including the electric spindle described above.

[0016] The electric spindle and machine tool provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By using a first inlet and a first outlet, when cooling water flows in through the first inlet, it cools the bearing housing. The cooled water then flows into the first flow channel, thereby cooling the bushing and stator assembly. Finally, it flows out through the first outlet. When the cooled water flows out of the first outlet after cooling the bushing and stator assembly, it can also perform secondary cooling on the bearing housing, thus fully cooling the bearing housing and preventing damage to the motor and bearings due to insufficient cooling, thereby improving the service life of the motor and bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling flow channel in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the bushing in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the bushing in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the stator assembly in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the stator assembly in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the stator assembly in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the bearing housing in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is an isometric view of the bearing housing in an electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure cap in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is an isometric view of the pressure cap in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a front view of the flange in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the flange in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the flange in the electric spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0035] 1. Bushing; 2. Stator assembly; 3. Bearing housing; 4. Gland; 5. Flange; 6. First inlet; 7. First outlet; 8. Nozzle; 9. Second inlet; 10. Second outlet; 11. Second flow channel; 12. Third flow channel; 13. Fourth flow channel; 14. Third inlet; 15. Fourth inlet; 16. First flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0039] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0041] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 14 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an electric spindle is provided, including a stator assembly 2, a bushing 1 sleeved on the stator assembly 2, and a first flow channel 16 formed between the bushing 1 and the stator assembly 2. The first flow channel 16 has a first end and a second end. A bearing seat 3 is provided at the end of the bushing 1. The bearing seat 3 is provided with a first inlet 6 and a first outlet 7. The first inlet 6 is connected to the first end, and the first outlet 7 is connected to the second end. In this technical solution, preferably, the first inlet 6 and the first outlet 7 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the bearing seat 3. When cooling water flows in through the first inlet 6, it cools the bearing seat 3. The cooled water then flows into the first flow channel 16, thereby cooling the bushing 1 and the stator assembly 2. Finally, it flows out through the first outlet 7. When the cooled water flows out of the first outlet 7 after cooling the bushing 1 and the stator assembly 2, it can also perform secondary cooling on the bearing seat 3, thereby fully cooling the bearing seat, preventing damage to the motor and bearings due to insufficient cooling, and improving the service life of the motor and bearings.

[0044] In this invention, a main shaft is fitted inside the stator assembly 2, and a bearing passes through the bearing housing 3. A bearing is provided between the main shaft and the bearing housing 3 to cool the bearing housing 3 and also to cool the bearing. The first inlet 6 and the first outlet 7 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0045] See also Figure 2As shown, this invention improves the cooling efficiency of the electric spindle by utilizing multiple cooling channels for secondary heat dissipation of the bearings and forming an annular spray channel to cool the cutting tool, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the motor and bearings and extending their lifespan. This invention ensures adequate cooling of the motor and bearings through structural design of the electric spindle's bushing and bearing housing assemblies. Cooling water flows from the bushing through the inlet, through the stator assembly channel, into the bearing housing assembly, gland, and front flange, forming a cooling and annular spray channel. The cooling water passing through the bearing housing assembly circulates back to the inlet via a circulation channel, achieving secondary recycling of the cooling water channels. The cooling water also achieves triple utilization of the cutting tool's cooling water through the annular spray channel. This solves the problem of insufficient cooling in existing electric spindles, improving the lifespan of the motor and bearings through the recycling of cooling water. The height difference between the first inlet 6 and the first outlet 7 increases the cooling time of the cooling water, improving cooling efficiency and achieving high-efficiency utilization of the cooling water. The cooling water after cooling the motor cools the bearings through the third channel 12. The cooling water from the motor can also circulate through the second flow channel 11 back to the first inlet 6, achieving secondary recycling of the cooling water. The cooling water passing through the bearing housing 3 and the gland 4 flows out through the fourth flow channel 13 of the flange 5, thereby cooling the cutting tool and improving the utilization rate of cooling water and the service life of the tool.

[0046] In some implementations, see reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a second flow channel 11 is formed between the end of the bushing 1 and the bearing seat 3. One end of the second flow channel 11 is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the second end. In this technical solution, the first end is the inlet of the second flow channel 11, and the second end is the outlet of the second flow channel 11. The second flow channel 11 is formed between the end of the bushing 1 and the bearing seat 3. Preferably, a groove can be provided on the end surface of the bushing 1 and the surface of the bearing seat 3. When the groove between the end of the bushing 1 and the bearing seat 3 forms the second flow channel 11, further, in order to prevent the cooling water of the first inlet 6 from flowing to the first outlet 7 through the second flow channel 11, a one-way valve or other structures and components with the same function can be provided in the second flow channel 11. One end of the second flow channel 11 can also be directly connected to the first inlet 6, and the other end can be directly connected to the first outlet 7. The inlet of the first flow channel 16 is connected to one end of the second flow channel 11, and the outlet of the first flow channel 16 is connected to the other end, so that some of the cooled water can flow through the second flow channel 11 to the inlet of the first flow channel 16, thereby circulating the cooling water and realizing the secondary recycling of the cooling water channel.

[0047] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the stator assembly 2, the height of the first end of the first flow channel 16 is higher than the height of the second end of the first flow channel 16. Preferably, with the end face of the bushing 1 as the horizontal plane, the height of the outlet of the first flow channel 16 is higher than the height of the inlet of the first flow channel 16, increasing the cooling time of the cooling water in the first flow channel 16, improving cooling efficiency, and achieving efficient utilization of the cooling water. In this invention, to make the height of the outlet of the first flow channel 16 higher than the height of the inlet of the first flow channel 16, a channel can be provided in the bushing 1 along the axial direction of the bushing 1, thereby connecting the outlet of the first flow channel 16 with the first outlet 7 and the inlet of the first flow channel 16 with the first inlet 6.

[0048] In some implementations, see reference Figures 3 to 7 As shown, along the axial direction of the stator assembly 2, the first flow channel 16 is arranged in a spiral shape, with the first end of the first flow channel 16 located close to the bearing housing 3 and the second end located away from the bearing housing 3. In this technical solution, a groove is provided on the surface of the stator assembly 2, and the groove is arranged in a spiral shape. This causes the first flow channel 16 to be spirally arranged when the stator assembly 2 is fitted into the bushing 1, increasing the flow length of the first flow channel 16 and improving the cooling area and cooling effect between the stator assembly 2 and the bushing 1. The inlet of the first flow channel 16 is located close to the bearing housing 3, and the outlet of the first flow channel 16 is located away from the bearing housing 3. When the electric spindle is used vertically, a height difference exists between the inlet and outlet of the first flow channel 16, increasing the cooling time of the cooling water in the first flow channel 16, improving cooling efficiency, and achieving efficient utilization of the cooling water.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first inlet 6 and the first outlet 7 extend radially along the bearing housing 3, the end of the bushing 1 is provided with a second inlet 9 and a second outlet 10, a second flow channel 11 is formed between the end of the bushing 1 and the bearing housing 3, the first inlet 6 and the second inlet 9 are both connected to one end of the second flow channel 11, and the first outlet 7 and the second outlet 10 are both connected to the other end of the second flow channel 11. In this technical solution, the first inlet 6 and the first outlet 7 extend radially along the bearing housing 3, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the bearing housing 3. The first inlet 6 and the second inlet 9 are both connected to one end of the second flow channel 11, and the first outlet 7 and the second outlet 10 are both connected to the other end of the second flow channel 11. Preferably, a one-way valve can be installed in the second flow channel 11 to prevent the cooling water of the first inlet 6 from flowing to the first outlet 7 through the second flow channel 11. The first inlet 6, the second inlet 9, the first outlet 7, and the second outlet 10 are all connected through the second flow channel 11, so that both ends of the second flow channel 11 serve as connecting sections between the first inlet 6 and the second inlet 9, and between the first outlet 7 and the second outlet 10. The second flow channel 11 can also cool the end face of the bushing 1 and the side of the bearing housing 3, further improving the cooling efficiency.

[0050] In some implementations, see reference Figures 10 to 14 As shown, the bearing housing 3 has the bushing 1 on one side and a pressure cap 4 on the other side. The pressure cap 4 has a third inlet 14 connected to the first outlet 7. A flange 5 is located on the side of the pressure cap 4 facing away from the bushing 1, and a nozzle 8 is located on the side of the flange 5 facing away from the pressure cap 4. The third inlet 14 is connected to the nozzle 8. Furthermore, in this technical solution, the connection between the third inlet 14 and the first outlet 7 allows some of the cooling water after cooling the stator assembly 2 to flow into the third inlet 14 and then be sprayed out through the nozzle 8. The cooling water cooling the bearing housing 3 flows out through the annular nozzle, which can cool the cutting tool, thereby improving the tool's service life.

[0051] This invention, through structural design of the electric spindle's bushing 1 and bearing housing 3, fully ensures the cooling of the motor and bearings. Cooling water flows from the bushing 1 through the stator assembly 2 channel via the first inlet 6, into the bearing housing 3, pressure cap 4, and flange 5, forming a cooling and annular spray channel. The cooling water passing through the bearing housing 3 circulates back to the first inlet 6 via the circulation channel, achieving secondary recycling of the cooling water channel. The cooling water also achieves triple utilization of the cutting tool through the annular spray channel. This solves the problem of insufficient motor cooling in existing technologies, improves cooling efficiency, and allows for the reuse of cooling water. The cooling water used to cool the motor cools the bearing housing, and the cooling water used to cool the bearing housing 3 can be circulated back to the first inlet 6 for secondary cooling. This solves the problem of insufficient motor cooling in existing technologies, improves cooling efficiency, and allows for the reuse of cooling water. The cooling water used to cool the motor cools the bearing housing 3, and the cooling water used to cool the bearing housing can be circulated back to the first inlet 6 for secondary cooling.

[0052] In some embodiments, a portion of the bearing housing 3 is fitted inside the pressure cap 4, and a third flow channel 12 is formed between the side wall of the portion of the bearing housing 3 fitted inside the pressure cap 4 and the pressure cap 4. One end of the third flow channel 12 is connected to the second end of the first outlet 7, and the other end is connected to the third inlet 14. Further, along the circumference of the flange 5, the fourth flow channel 13 is arranged sequentially, and the nozzles 8 are arranged sequentially. In this technical solution, the third flow channel 12 can be spirally or annularly arranged. Through the third flow channel 12, the cooling water after cooling the stator assembly 2 can cool the portion of the bearing housing 3 fitted inside the pressure cap 4, achieving all-round cooling of the bearing housing 3, thereby cooling the bearing and improving the cooling effect. A flow channel can be provided inside the pressure cap 4, with one end connected to the third inlet 14 and the other end connected to the nozzle 8, so that cooling water is sprayed out from the nozzle 8.

[0053] In some embodiments, the third flow channel 12 is annular, and the pressure cap 4 is further provided with a fourth inlet 15, which is connected to the third flow channel 12. The flange 5 has at least two fourth flow channels 13 on the side facing the pressure cap 4, and the fourth inlet 15 and the third inlet 14 are each connected to one of the fourth flow channels 13. The flange 5 has multiple nozzles 8, which are connected to the fourth flow channels 13. Preferably, in this technical solution, the fourth inlet 15 and the third inlet 14 are arranged opposite to each other. When the number of fourth flow channels 13 is greater than two, other inlets can be further added to the pressure cap 4. Each fourth flow channel 13 is connected to multiple nozzles 8. Preferably, the multiple fourth flow channels 13 can be arranged in an annular pattern, thereby cooling the cutting tool from multiple angles and improving the tool's service life.

[0054] In this invention, cooling water flows in from the first inlet 6, passes through the first flow channel 16, and exits from the first outlet 7. The first and second ends of the first flow channel are designed at different heights. Since the electric spindle is used vertically, this height difference allows for a longer cooling time, and the designed cooling channel structure improves cooling efficiency. The stator assembly 2 has a spiral structure in the first flow channel 16 on its outer circumference to facilitate cooling water flow. Cooling water flows in from the second inlet 9, passes through the first flow channel 16, and exits from the first outlet 7. A portion of the cooling water passes through the second flow channel 11 and does not flow into the first outlet 7, returning to the first inlet 6, thus achieving cooling water recycling. Cooling water from the bearing housing 3 flows through the third inlet 14 and the fourth inlet 15 of the pressure cap 4 into the fourth flow channel 13, and exits from the annular nozzle 8 through the fourth flow channel 13, thus cooling the cutting tool and improving its service life.

[0055] Cooling water flows in from the first inlet 6, passes through the second inlet 9 of the bushing 1, and enters the spiral flow channel of the stator assembly 2. Here, the cooling flow channel of the first flow channel 16 is designed with the first end lower and the second end higher. Since the electric spindle of the vertical machining center is used vertically, this design can improve the cooling rate of the cooling flow channel to a greater extent. The cooling water flows through the third flow channel 13 of the bearing housing 3 to the gland 4 and the front flange 5, and flows out through the nozzle 8 of the front flange 5. This design can improve the recycling of cooling water. The cooling water cooling the bearing housing flows out through the ring nozzle, which can cool the cutting tool, thereby improving the tool's service life.

[0056] The present invention also provides a machine tool including the above-described electric spindle.

[0057] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric spindle, characterized in that, Includes a stator assembly (2), on which a bushing (1) is fitted, and a first flow channel (16) is formed between the bushing (1) and the stator assembly (2). The first flow channel (16) has a first end and a second end. A bearing seat (3) is provided at the end of the bushing (1). A first inlet (6) and a first outlet (7) are provided on the bearing seat (3). The first inlet (6) is connected to the first end, and the first outlet (7) is connected to the second end. A second flow channel (11) is formed between the end of the bushing (1) and the bearing seat (3). One end of the second flow channel (11) is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the second end, so that part of the cooling medium after the first flow channel (16) is cooled can flow through the second flow channel (11) to the first flow channel (16). The bearing housing (3) has a bushing (1) on one side and a pressure cap (4) on the other side. The pressure cap (4) has a third inlet (14) connected to the first outlet (7). The pressure cap (4) has a flange (5) on the side facing away from the bushing (1) and a nozzle (8) on the side facing away from the pressure cap (4). The third inlet (14) is connected to the nozzle (8). The bearing housing (3) is partially fitted inside the pressure cap (4), and a third flow channel (12) is formed between the side wall of the portion of the bearing housing (3) fitted inside the pressure cap (4) and the pressure cap (4). One end of the third flow channel (12) is connected to the second end of the first outlet (7), and the other end is connected to the third inlet (14). Another part of the cooling medium after the first flow channel (16) is cooled can flow to the nozzle (8) through the third flow channel (12). When the cooling water flows in through the first inlet (6), it cools the bearing housing (3). The cooled water flows into the first flow channel (16), thereby cooling the bushing (1) and the stator assembly (2). Finally, it flows out through the first outlet (7). When the cooled water after the bushing (1) and the stator assembly (2) are cooled flows out from the first outlet (7), it performs secondary cooling on the bearing housing (3). A one-way valve is provided in the second flow channel (11).

2. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the stator assembly (2), the height of the first end of the first flow channel (16) is higher than the height of the second end of the first flow channel (16).

3. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the stator assembly (2), the first flow channel (16) is arranged in a spiral shape, and the first end of the first flow channel (16) is located close to the bearing housing (3), and the second end of the first flow channel (16) is located away from the bearing housing (3).

4. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inlet (6) and the first outlet (7) extend radially along the bearing seat (3). The end of the bushing (1) is provided with a second inlet (9) and a second outlet (10). A second flow channel (11) is formed between the end of the bushing (1) and the bearing seat (3). The first inlet (6) and the second inlet (9) are both connected to one end of the second flow channel (11), and the first outlet (7) and the second outlet (10) are both connected to the other end of the second flow channel (11).

5. The electric spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third flow channel (12) is annular, and the pressure cap (4) is also provided with a fourth inlet (15). The fourth inlet (15) is connected to the third flow channel (12). The flange (5) is provided with at least two fourth flow channels (13) on the side facing the pressure cap (4). The fourth inlet (15) and the third inlet (14) are respectively connected to one of the fourth flow channels (13). The flange (5) has multiple nozzles (8), and the nozzles (8) are connected to the fourth flow channels (13).

6. The electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the flange (5), the fourth flow channel (13) is arranged in sequence, and the nozzle (8) is arranged in sequence.

7. A machine tool, characterized in that, Includes an electric spindle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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