A deck laying machine for bridge deck pavement construction and a construction process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a frame plate machine for bridge deck slab laying construction and a construction process thereof, which comprises a track arranged above a laid bridge deck slab; a main frame with counterweight, wherein the bottom of the main frame is connected with a cart running mechanism through a transverse slope adjusting cushion seat; the frame plate machine has the beneficial effects that: the bridge deck slab laying mechanization construction is realized, the construction efficiency is high compared with the crane laying method, and a large amount of cost is saved; compared with the cast-in-place method, a large amount of construction period can be saved, and the quality is easier to guarantee; during heavy load operation, the construction temporary load acts on the vicinity of the upper chord joint of the steel truss beam, the adverse influence on the upper chord of the steel truss beam is minimized, the comprehensive waste of the bridge design can be avoided; compared with the scheme without counterweight, the anti-overturning safety is higher, when the first several bridge deck slabs of a bridge are installed, the anchoring can be avoided by adjusting the number of counterweights, and the construction is more convenient; the frame plate machine has the transverse moving and line transferring function, the removal and installation of equipment during the construction of double bridges and multiple bridges are avoided, and the construction period and cost are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction equipment technology, and in particular to a scaffolding machine for bridge deck paving construction and its construction process. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of rapid economic development, roads and bridges play a vital supporting role. Bridge construction technology is booming globally; concrete and steel are the two most important materials in modern bridge engineering structures. Concrete structures have advantages such as readily available materials, relatively low cost, and mature construction techniques, and have long been widely used in highway bridge construction. Steel structures have advantages such as light weight, uniform material, stable quality, ease of factory manufacturing, assembly construction, and easy recycling, and are highly regarded by the global bridge industry. Steel structure bridges (including steel box girder, steel truss, and steel-concrete composite beam bridges) and concrete bridges are the two basic structural types of modern bridge structures.

[0003] Calculations show that concrete structures are relatively inexpensive to construct small-to-medium span bridges, but as bridge spans increase, the cost advantage of steel structures becomes apparent. From a life-cycle perspective, steel structures offer even greater advantages in terms of cost and durability.

[0004] To meet the aforementioned needs, it is necessary to develop a scaffolding machine and its construction process for bridge deck paving, so as to facilitate the construction of steel structure bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose a bridge deck scaffolding machine and its construction process for bridge deck paving, which effectively improves the mechanization and automation of bridge deck paving in steel structure bridges; minimizes the adverse effects of temporary construction loads, which are much larger than the formal operating loads, on the upper chord of the steel truss girder, thus avoiding comprehensive waste in bridge design; eliminates the need for rear anchoring when paving the first few bridge decks of a bridge through the counterweight method, solving the problem of needing to pre-cast or use cranes to pre-lay the first few bridge decks of a bridge, expanding the equipment's adaptability, increasing the overturning safety reserve, and enhancing construction convenience; at the same time, solves the problem of needing to dismantle and reinstall equipment during the construction of double-span and multi-span bridges, which wastes construction time and costs, by using the lateral shifting method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A scaffolding machine for bridge deck paving construction includes:

[0008] The main frame is equipped with a counterweight. The bottom of the main frame is connected to the trolley traveling mechanism through a cross slope adjustment pad. The trolley traveling mechanism is used to support the main frame and drive the main frame to travel along the track set above the laid bridge deck.

[0009] The overhead crane, mounted on the main frame, can move back and forth along the length of the bridge. It is used to lay the bridge deck onto the steel truss.

[0010] Preferably, the main frame includes a symmetrically arranged left truss and a right truss, and a front connecting beam, a middle connecting beam and a rear connecting beam are provided between the left truss and the right truss. The main frame is provided with a support strut, which is connected to the main frame by a pin. The bottom of the main frame is provided with an opening to facilitate the entry and exit of a flatbed truck.

[0011] The counterweight includes a fixed counterweight and a temporary counterweight. The fixed counterweight is located inside the member cavity at the rear end of the main frame in the traveling direction, and the temporary counterweight is located above and outside the horizontal member at the rear end of the main frame in the traveling direction.

[0012] Preferably, the overhead crane includes an overhead crane beam, with traveling mechanisms located below both ends of the overhead crane beam, a lifting mechanism located on the overhead crane beam, a lateral movement mechanism connected to the lifting mechanism, a lifting device located below the lifting mechanism, and the traveling mechanism located at the top of the main frame.

[0013] Preferably, the cross slope adjustment pad includes a left pad and a right pad located on both sides of the main frame, with the top of the cross slope adjustment pad connected to the main frame and the bottom of the cross slope adjustment pad connected to the trolley traveling mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the trolley traveling mechanism includes a wheel box, in which a driving wheel and a driven wheel are installed. The wheel box is connected to a cross slope adjustment pad via a hinge, which allows it to rotate both horizontally and vertically. A first pin for vertical rotation of the wheel box is installed inside the hinge, and a second pin for horizontal rotation of the wheel box is installed at the top of the hinge. A reducer is installed on the wheel box, and a pinion is installed on the output shaft of the reducer. The pinion meshes with a large gear, which is coaxial with the driving wheel and fixed together. An iron wedge is installed at the bottom of the wheel box to ensure the anti-slip safety of the entire machine under non-traveling conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the tracks are arranged in two parallel sets, each set consisting of at least two track sections. The track sections are set on the laid bridge deck and are fixedly connected to each other by fishplate connectors. The trolley traveling mechanism is set on the track sections.

[0016] Preferably, the bridge deck has openings, and a group of studs is provided inside the contact end between the steel truss and the opening. The group of studs is fixed to the upper chord of the steel truss, and a pad is installed in the group of studs. The rail section is fixed to the pad by a pressure plate.

[0017] Preferably, the present invention further includes a rear anchoring device disposed at the rear end of the main frame in the traveling direction to increase the overall machine's safety reserve against longitudinal overturning. The rear anchoring device can be connected to the laid bridge deck to anchor the main frame.

[0018] The rear anchoring device includes a spreader beam and a stud. The stud passes through the spreader beam and the main frame in sequence to connect the two. A nut, a spherical washer and a conical washer are respectively provided at both ends of the stud.

[0019] The bottom of the spreader beam is fitted with a third pin, which passes through a lifting ring on the laid bridge deck to anchor the spreader beam to the laid bridge deck.

[0020] Preferably, the present invention also provides a construction process for a scaffolding machine used for bridge deck paving, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, the bridge deck installation process for the two steel truss girder sections at the front of a bridge, specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S11, a track is laid at the bridgehead of a bridge, the scaffolding machine is placed on the track at the bridgehead, and the overhead crane travels to the rear span of the main frame and is adapted to the cross slope of the bridge deck by adjusting the cross slope adjustment device.

[0023] S12, a temporary counterweight is installed above the outside of the horizontal member at the rear end of the main frame in the direction of travel;

[0024] S13, the iron wedge for installing the traveling mechanism of the trolley;

[0025] S14, the pallet truck loaded with bridge deck panels drives into the pallet erecting machine alley;

[0026] S15, the overhead crane hoists the bridge panel from the rear span and moves to the front span. After adjusting the bridge panel's posture to reach the design position, it is lowered and installed. Then, the connection between the overhead crane's hoist and the bridge panel is disconnected. This installation step is repeated until the bridge panel of the first steel truss girder section of a bridge is laid. The plate transport vehicle then drives out of the plate erecting machine lane.

[0027] S16, the crane travels to the rear span of the main frame, disassembles the rear rail section and installs it on the bridge deck that has been laid at the front, releases the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the whole machine to travel along the track until the trolley traveling mechanism moves to the next steel truss upper chord node, and then reinstalls the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism.

[0028] S17. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the bridge deck of the second steel truss section of a bridge is laid.

[0029] S2, after the bridge deck installation is completed between the upper chord sections of the two steel truss girders of a bridge, the standard operating procedure is as follows: the overhead crane travels to the rear span of the main frame, disassembles the rear rail section and installs it on the bridge deck that has been laid at the front, releases the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism, drives the trolley traveling mechanism of the main frame to make the whole machine travel to the next upper chord node of the steel truss girder, installs the rear anchoring device and pre-tightens it, and restores the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism.

[0030] S3, transporting bridge panels by pallet truck: the pallet truck loaded with bridge panels drives into the scaffolding machine alley;

[0031] S4, Bridge deck installation: The overhead crane moves above the bridge deck loaded on the gantry crane, hoists the bridge deck, moves to the front span, adjusts the bridge deck's posture to reach the design position, and then lowers it for installation. After that, the connection between the overhead crane hoist and the bridge deck is disconnected. This installation step is repeated until all the bridge decks of the steel truss girder section of the bridge are installed, and the gantry crane drives out of the gantry crane tunnel.

[0032] S5, scaffolding machine travel: The overhead crane returns to the rear span of the main frame, disassembles the rear rail section and installs it onto the bridge deck that has been laid at the front. The rear anchoring device is released, the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism is released, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the whole machine to travel until the trolley traveling mechanism moves to the next steel truss upper chord node. Repeat the above steps S2-S4 until the bridge deck of one bridge is laid.

[0033] Preferably, each section of the steel truss is covered with an integer n (n≥2) bridge deck panels, and the traveling mechanism of the trolley in the non-traveling condition in steps S1-S4 is pressed onto the bridge deck panel near the upper chord node of the steel truss.

[0034] Preferably, during the construction of double-span bridges and multi-span bridges, the following steps are also included:

[0035] S6, Reverse of the scaffolding machine: After the construction of one bridge section is completed, the overhead crane travels to the end of the main frame, releases the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the scaffolding machine to retreat. During the process, the front rail sections are disassembled and installed to the rear section in a cyclical manner until the scaffolding machine retreats to the bridgehead position where the construction of one bridge section originally began.

[0036] S7, Lateral Transfer of the Panel Erection Machine: The lower chord near the main frame's trolley traveling mechanism is lifted using a temporary lifting device, freeing the trolley traveling mechanism. The trolley traveling mechanism rotates 90° horizontally. Then, a track is laid laterally at the corresponding position of the trolley traveling mechanism. The temporary lifting device retracts, allowing the trolley traveling mechanism to be supported on the laterally laid track. After removing the temporary lifting device, the trolley traveling mechanism is driven to move the entire machine laterally to the bridgehead of another span. The lower chord near the main frame's trolley traveling mechanism is then lifted again using the temporary lifting device, freeing the trolley traveling mechanism. The trolley traveling mechanism rotates 90° horizontally again. A track is then laid longitudinally at the corresponding position of the trolley traveling mechanism. The pads of the cross slope adjustment device are adjusted to match the cross slope of the other span. The temporary lifting device retracts, allowing the trolley traveling mechanism to be supported on the longitudinally laid track. The temporary lifting device is then removed, thus completing the lateral transfer of the panel erection machine.

[0037] S8, Installation of another bridge deck: Repeat steps S1-S5 above to complete the laying of another bridge deck;

[0038] S9, Installation of multiple bridge deck panels: Repeat steps S6-S8 until the laying of multiple bridge deck panels is completed. During the process, the cross slope adjustment pads must be adjusted to adapt to the cross slope of the bridge being constructed after the scaffolding machine moves laterally and changes line.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0040] 1. The bridge deck scaffolding machine of this invention realizes mechanized construction of bridge deck laying. Compared with the method of laying using cranes, it has high construction efficiency and can save a lot of costs. Compared with the method of cast-in-place construction, it can save a lot of construction time and make it easier to ensure project quality. Compared with the scheme without counterweight, it has higher anti-overturning safety. In special cases, such as when installing the first few bridge decks, the anchoring can be eliminated by adjusting the amount of counterweight, making construction more convenient. The scaffolding machine has a lateral movement and alignment function, which can greatly facilitate the construction of double-span and multi-span bridges. It avoids the work of dismantling and reassembling equipment when transferring between double-span and multi-span bridges (from the first bridge of a double-span bridge to another bridge or from one bridge of a multi-span bridge to another), thus saving a lot of construction time and costs.

[0041] 2. The scaffolding machine of the present invention lays n (n≥2) bridge deck panels through a hole once (n bridge deck panels are set in each section of the steel truss); during the scaffolding operation, the load of the front support point acts on the vicinity of the upper chord node of the steel truss, which minimizes the adverse effects of the temporary construction load, which is much larger than the operating load, on the upper chord of the steel truss, and avoids the phenomenon of comprehensive waste in bridge design.

[0042] 3. When laying bridge deck panels and crossing holes, the trolley traveling mechanism of the present invention is supported on the track, without the need for switching between different working conditions or being disconnected. This makes the operation convenient and the construction efficiency high.

[0043] 4. By using counterweights (including fixed and temporary counterweights), the rear anchoring device is no longer a necessary component of the machine. When constructing the first few bridge decks of a bridge, there are no completed bridge decks behind the scaffolding machine for anchoring. The use of counterweights eliminates the need for the rear anchoring device, ensuring the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine and the convenience of construction during the construction of the first few bridge decks. After the construction of the first few bridge decks is completed, there are completed bridge decks behind the scaffolding machine for anchoring. At this point, the rear anchoring device can be used as a safety reserve, enhancing the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flatbed truck transporting bridge deck panels;

[0047] Figure 4 The main view of the main frame;

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the main frame (AA);

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the main frame (BB);

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the main frame (CC).

[0051] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the main framework (DD);

[0052] Figure 9 This is the front view of the overhead crane;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a top view of the overhead crane;

[0054] Figure 11 This is the left view of the overhead crane;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right pads;

[0056] Figure 13 This is the front view of the traveling mechanism of the large vehicle;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a top view of the traveling mechanism of the trolley;

[0058] Figure 15 This is the left view of the traveling mechanism of the trolley;

[0059] Figure 16 This is the front view of the track;

[0060] Figure 17 This is a top view of the track;

[0061] Figure 18 This is the left view of the track;

[0062] Figure 19 for Figure 18 Enlarged view of a portion (I);

[0063] Figure 20 This is the front view of the rear anchoring device;

[0064] Figure 21 This is a left view of the rear anchoring device.

[0065] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0066] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] like Figure 1 — Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bridge deck paving machine, comprising:

[0069] The main frame 1 is equipped with counterweights (including fixed counterweights and temporary counterweights). The bottom of the main frame 1 is connected to the trolley traveling mechanism 4 through the cross slope adjustment pad 3. The trolley traveling mechanism 4 is used to support the main frame 1 and drive the main frame 1 to travel along the track 5 set above the laid bridge deck. The cross slope adjustment pad 3 is used to level the left and right sides of the main frame 1, which facilitates equipment construction when there is a cross slope on the bridge.

[0070] The overhead crane 2 is installed on the main frame 1. The overhead crane 2 can move back and forth along the length of the bridge on the main frame 1. The overhead crane 2 is used to lay the bridge deck 9 onto the steel truss beam 7. The steel truss beam 7 is the base for installing the bridge deck.

[0071] like Figure 4 — Figure 8 As shown, the main frame 1 is a spatial truss structure, including a symmetrically arranged left truss 1-1 and right truss 1-2. A front connecting beam 1-3, a middle connecting beam 1-4, and a rear connecting beam 1-5 are provided between the left truss 1-1 and the right truss 1-2. The front connecting beam 1-3 and the rear connecting beam 1-5 are located at the upper end of the main frame 1, and the middle connecting beam 1-4 is located at the lower end of the main frame 1. A support rod 1-6 is provided inside the main frame 1 to provide support. The support rod 1-6 is connected to the main frame 1 by a pin 1-7 for easy installation and disassembly. An opening is provided at the bottom of the main frame 1 to facilitate the entry and exit of the pallet truck 8. The pallet truck 8 can be a tire-type pallet truck or a wheel-rail type pallet truck. In this embodiment, a tire-type pallet truck is used as an example.

[0072] The counterweights include fixed counterweights and temporary counterweights. The fixed counterweights are located in the member cavities at the rear end of the main frame 1 in the traveling direction. They can reduce the anchoring force and enhance the longitudinal anti-overturning safety of the entire machine during operation. Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, the weights are located inside the cavities of the rear connecting beam 1-5, horizontal bar 1-8, vertical bar 1-10, and diagonal bar 1-9. The fixed counterweights can be steel bars, steel plates, steel grit, etc. The temporary counterweights are located above the outside of the horizontal bar at the rear end of the main frame 1 in the direction of travel. When the first few bridge decks of a bridge are being installed, there are no completed bridge decks available for anchoring behind the scaffolding machine, so the rear anchoring device 6 cannot anchor the scaffolding machine. At this time, the horizontal bar at the rear end of the main frame 1 in the direction of travel can be used as a counterweight platform, and temporary counterweights such as steel bars, steel plates, steel grit are set on it. The temporary counterweights are mainly set on the horizontal bar 1-8.

[0073] The addition of counterweights (including fixed and temporary counterweights) eliminates the need for the rear anchoring device 6 as an essential component of the machine. During the construction of the first few bridge decks of a bridge, when there are no completed bridge decks 9 behind the scaffolding machine for anchoring, the rear anchoring device 6 can be omitted, ensuring the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine and the convenience of construction during the construction of the first few bridge decks 9. After the construction of the first few bridge decks 9 is completed, there are completed bridge decks 9 behind the scaffolding machine for anchoring. At this point, the rear anchoring device 6 can be used as a safety reserve, enhancing the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine.

[0074] like Figure 9 — Figure 11 As shown, the overhead crane 2 includes a crane beam 2-2, with traveling mechanisms 2-1 located below both ends of the crane beam 2-2. A lifting mechanism 2-3 is installed on the crane beam 2-2, and a lateral movement mechanism 2-4 is connected to the lifting mechanism 2-3. A lifting device 2-5 is installed below the lifting mechanism 2-3. The traveling mechanism 2-1 is located on the top of the main frame 1 and can easily travel along the extension direction of the bridge on the main frame 1. The lifting mechanism 2-3 has a lifting function and a lateral movement function under the action of the lateral movement mechanism 2-4. The lifting device 2-5 is connected to multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders, which have a horizontal rotation function and longitudinal and lateral small-angle attitude adjustment functions. The overhead crane 2 can carry the bridge deck 9 to the theoretical position.

[0075] like Figure 12 As shown, the cross slope adjustment pad 3 includes a left pad 3-1 and a right pad 3-2 located on both sides of the main frame. The left pad 3-1 and the right pad 3-2 have different heights to compensate for the height difference on both sides caused by the cross slope of the bridge deck, so that the main frame 1 and the equipment installed on the main frame 1 are in a horizontal state, ensuring the lateral overturning stability of the scaffolding machine and the safety of operation. The top of the cross slope adjustment pad 3 is connected to the main frame 1, and the bottom of the cross slope adjustment pad 3 is connected to the trolley traveling mechanism 4.

[0076] like Figure 13 — Figure 15As shown, the traveling mechanism 4 of the trolley includes a wheel box 4-2, which contains a driving wheel 4-3 and a driven wheel 4-4. The wheel box 4-2 is connected to the cross slope adjustment pad 3 via a hinge 4-1, allowing it to rotate both horizontally and vertically. A first pin 4-8 for vertical rotation of the wheel box is inserted through the hinge 4-1. The first pin 4-8 allows the wheel box 4-2 to rotate around the cross slope adjustment pad 3. When the track 5 becomes uneven, the rotation of the wheel box 4-2 causes the driving wheel 4-3 to rotate. Both the driven wheel 4-3 and the driven wheel 4-4 can contact the track 5, ensuring that the wheel pressure of the driving wheel 4-3 and the driven wheel 4-4 is the same. This prevents accidents such as derailment, insufficient driving force, and insufficient braking force caused by one wheel not contacting the track 5 or having different wheel pressure. The top of the hinge seat 4-1 is equipped with a second pin 4-11 for realizing the horizontal rotation of the wheel box 4-2. The wheel box 4-2 can rotate horizontally around the cross slope adjustment pad 3 through the second pin 4-11. This is useful during the construction of double-span bridges and multi-span bridges. The second pin 4-11 enables the wheel box 4-2 to rotate 90° horizontally, allowing the scaffolding machine to move laterally from the first end of a double-span bridge to the end of another double-span bridge, or from one end of a multi-span bridge to another. This greatly facilitates the construction of double-span and multi-span bridges, avoiding the dismantling and reassembly of equipment during track switching (from the first end of a double-span bridge to another, or from one end of a multi-span bridge to another). It saves a lot of construction time and cost; the wheel box 4-2 is equipped with a reducer 4-9, and the output shaft of the reducer 4-9 is equipped with a small gear 4-6, which meshes with a large gear 4-5. The large gear 4-7 is coaxial with the drive wheel 4-3 and the two are fixed together. The bottom of the wheel box 4-2 is equipped with an iron wedge 4-10 to ensure the anti-slip safety of the whole machine in non-traveling conditions. After the trolley traveling mechanism 4 moves to the designated position, the iron wedge 4-10 is installed to ensure anti-slip safety.

[0077] like Figure 16 — Figure 19 As shown, two sets of tracks 5 are arranged in parallel. Each set of tracks consists of multiple track sections 5-1. The track sections 5-1 are set on the laid bridge deck. The track sections 5-1 are fixedly connected to each other by fishplate connecting pairs 5-2 to form a track, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. After the bridge deck 9 of one working cycle is laid, the track section 5-1 behind is removed and installed on the bridge deck 9 that has been laid in front, which is convenient for the longitudinal movement of the scaffolding machine and the laying of the bridge deck 9 of the next working cycle. The trolley traveling mechanism 4 is set on the track section 5-1.

[0078] The bridge deck 9 has openings, and there are multiple openings. The steel truss 7 has a group of studs inside the contact end with the openings. The studs are fixed to the upper chord of the steel truss 7. A pad 5-3 is installed in the stud group. After the bridge deck 9 is laid on the steel truss 7, the rail section 5-1 is fixed to the pad 5-3 by the pressure plate 5-4. Bolts pass through the pressure plate 5-4 and the pad 5-3 to fix the rail section 5-1 between the pressure plate 5-4 and the pad 5-3.

[0079] like Figure 20 , Figure 21 As shown, the device also includes a rear anchoring device 6 located at the rear end of the main frame 1 in the traveling direction. The rear anchoring device 6 is connected to the laid bridge deck 9 to anchor the main frame 1. This enhances the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine during the laying of the bridge deck 9. The setting of counterweights (including fixed counterweights and temporary counterweights) makes the rear anchoring device 6 no longer an essential component of the machine. When constructing the first few bridge decks 9 of a bridge, there are no laid bridge decks 9 available for anchoring behind the scaffolding machine. The setting of counterweights (including fixed counterweights and temporary counterweights) eliminates the need for the rear anchoring device 6, ensuring the longitudinal overturning safety and ease of operation of the scaffolding machine during the construction of the first few bridge decks 9. After the construction of the first few bridge decks 9 is completed, there are laid bridge decks 9 available for anchoring behind the scaffolding machine. At this time, the rear anchoring device 6 can be used as a safety reserve, enhancing the longitudinal overturning safety of the scaffolding machine.

[0080] The rear anchoring device 6 includes a spreader beam 6-1, a third pin 6-4, and a stud 6-2. The stud 6-2 can be a precision-rolled threaded steel bar or a through-threaded rod. The spreader beam 6-1 is connected to the bridge deck 9 lifting ring via the third pin 6-4. The stud 6-2 passes through the spreader beam 6-1 and the main frame 1 in sequence to connect the two. Nuts 6-3, spherical washers 6-5, and conical washers 6-6 are respectively provided at both ends of the stud 6-2. After the main frame 1 travels to the designated position, the stud 6-2 is inserted and the nuts 6-3, spherical washers 6-5, and conical washers 6-6 are tightened to anchor the spreader beam 6-1 and the main frame 1. When traveling through the hole, the nuts 6-3 are loosened and the third pin 6-4 is released.

[0081] The bottom of the spreader beam 6-1 is provided with a third pin 6-4. The third pin 6-4 passes through the lifting ring on the laid bridge deck and connects the spreader beam 6-1 to the laid bridge deck, thereby anchoring the main frame 1 to the laid bridge deck. Lifting rings are pre-installed on the bridge deck 9.

[0082] The working principle of this invention for laying bridge deck panels is as follows:

[0083] The overhead crane 2 of the present invention can move longitudinally along the bridge direction in the entire range of the upper chord of the main frame 1, so that the overhead crane 2 can pick up the bridge panel 9 after the span and transport it to the installation position of the front span; the lifting device 2-5 has the functions of horizontal rotation and small longitudinal and lateral angle adjustment, so that the overhead crane 2 can adjust the bridge panel 9 to the required posture and lay it along the bridge direction.

[0084] When laying bridge deck 9, the rear anchoring device 6 at the rear end of the equipment and the already erected bridge deck 9 behind it must be anchored together. Install iron wedges 4-10, and the transport trolley 8 carries the bridge deck into the equipment tunnel. The overhead crane 2 hoists the bridge deck 9 and travels longitudinally to the front span. The lifting device 2-5 rotates the bridge deck 9 9 horizontally by 90°, and the overhead crane 2 places the bridge deck 9 to be erected at the designed position on the upper chord of the steel truss girder 2. The installation of multiple bridge decks 9 in one upper chord section of a steel truss girder 7 is completed sequentially. The transport trolley 8 then leaves the bridge deck erecting machine tunnel. Afterwards, the overhead crane 2 travels to the rear span, releases the rear anchoring device 6 at the rear end of the equipment, releases the iron wedges 4-10, and the entire machine is ready to pass through the hole, completing the cycle of laying multiple bridge decks 9 in one upper chord section of a steel truss girder 7.

[0085] When installing the bridge deck 9 between the upper chord sections of the two steel truss 7 in front of a bridge, there is no already laid bridge deck 9 available for anchoring behind the scaffolding machine. The safety of the scaffolding machine against longitudinal overturning can be ensured by setting a temporary counterweight above the outside of the rear horizontal member, eliminating the need for rear anchoring; this greatly increases the convenience of construction.

[0086] The working principle of the via in this invention is as follows:

[0087] When the scaffolding machine of the present invention passes through the hole, the bridge deck traveling track 5 is laid first, the overhead crane 2 is placed behind the main frame 1, the rear anchoring device 6 at the tail end of the equipment is released, the iron wedges 4-10 are released, and the trolley traveling mechanism 4 carries the whole machine longitudinally along the track 5 laid on the bridge deck for one steel truss beam 7 upper chord section to complete the hole passing operation.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] This invention also provides a construction process for a scaffolding machine used in bridge deck paving, comprising the following steps:

[0090] S1, the bridge deck installation process for the two steel truss girder sections at the front of a bridge, specifically includes the following steps:

[0091] S11, a track 5 is laid at the bridgehead of a bridge, the scaffolding machine is placed on the track 5 at the bridgehead, and the overhead crane 2 travels to the rear span of the main frame 1 and is adapted to the cross slope of the bridge deck by adjusting the cross slope adjustment device 3.

[0092] S12, a temporary counterweight is installed above the outside of the horizontal bar at the rear end of the main frame 1 in the travel direction;

[0093] S13, install iron wedge 4-10 for the trolley traveling mechanism 4;

[0094] S14, the pallet truck 8 carrying bridge deck 9 drives into the main frame 1 lane;

[0095] S15, the crane 2 hoists the bridge panel 9 from the rear span and moves to the front span. After adjusting the attitude of the bridge panel 9 to reach the design position, it is lowered and installed. Then, the connection between the crane 2 hoist 2-5 and the bridge panel 9 is disconnected. This installation step is repeated until the bridge panel 9 of the upper chord section of the first steel truss girder 7 of a bridge is laid. The plate transport vehicle 8 drives out of the plate erecting machine lane.

[0096] S16, the overhead crane 2 travels to the rear span of the main frame 1, disassembles the rear track section 5-1 and installs it onto the bridge deck 9 that has been laid at the front, releases the iron wedge 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4, and the trolley traveling mechanism 4 drives the whole machine to travel along the track 5 until the trolley traveling mechanism 4 moves to the next upper chord node of the steel truss beam 7, and then reinstalls the iron wedge 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4.

[0097] S17. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the bridge deck 9 of the upper chord section of the second steel truss girder 7 of a bridge is laid.

[0098] S2, after the bridge deck 9 between the upper chord sections of the two steel truss 7 at the front of a bridge is installed by the scaffolding machine, the standard operating procedure is as follows: the overhead crane 2 travels to the rear span of the main frame 1, installs the track 5 on the laid bridge deck 9, releases the iron wedges 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4, drives the trolley traveling mechanism 4 to make the whole machine travel to the next upper chord node of the steel truss 7, installs the rear anchoring device 6 and pre-tightens it, and then reinstalls the iron wedges 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4.

[0099] By fixing the trolley traveling mechanism 4 to the vicinity of the upper chord node of the steel truss girder 7, the adverse effects of the temporary construction load, which is much larger than the operating load, on the upper chord of the steel truss girder 7 are minimized, thus avoiding comprehensive waste in bridge design.

[0100] S3, the flatbed truck 8 transports the bridge panel 9: the flatbed truck 8 loaded with the bridge panel 9 enters the main frame 1 lane. After the bridge panel 9 loaded on it is installed, the flatbed truck 8 drives out of the main frame 1 to start the next round of bridge panel 9 transportation.

[0101] S4, Bridge Panel 9 Installation: The overhead crane 2 moves above the bridge panel 9 loaded on the transport trolley 8, hoists the bridge panel 9, travels to the front span, adjusts the attitude of the bridge panel 9 to reach the design position, and then lowers it for installation. After that, disconnect the connection between the lifting device 2-5 of the overhead crane 2 and the bridge panel 9. Repeat this installation step until all the bridge panels 9 in the steel truss 7 section of the bridge are installed. The transport trolley drives out of the scaffolding machine lane. According to the spacing of each node of the steel truss 7, the size of the bridge panel 9 is designed so that each section of the steel truss 7 is equipped with an integer n (n≥2) bridge panels. After the whole machine lays n bridge panels, the whole machine passes through the hole once to ensure that the trolley traveling mechanism 4 stops near the upper chord node of the steel truss 7 during each heavy-load operation.

[0102] S5, scaffolding machine travel: The overhead crane 2 returns to the rear span of the main frame 1, disassembles the rear rail section 5-1 and installs it onto the front bridge deck 9 that has been laid, releases the rear anchoring device 6, releases the iron wedges 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4, and the trolley traveling mechanism 4 drives the whole machine to travel until the trolley traveling mechanism 4 moves to the next upper chord node of the steel truss beam 7, repeating the aforementioned steps S2-S4 until a bridge deck is laid.

[0103] Steps S1-S5 are mainly used for the construction of single-span bridges.

[0104] Each section of the steel truss girder 7 is covered with an integer n (n≥2) bridge deck panels, ensuring that the traveling mechanism 4 of the trolley in the non-traveling working condition during steps S1-S4 is pressed against the bridge deck panel near the upper chord node of the steel truss girder 7.

[0105] This embodiment also provides construction techniques for double-span bridges and multi-span bridges. After completing the construction of a single-span bridge using the aforementioned steps S1-S5, the following construction steps are still required:

[0106] S6, the scaffolding machine retreats: After the construction of one bridge section is completed, the overhead crane 2 travels to the end of the main frame 1, releases the iron wedge 4-10 of the trolley traveling mechanism 4, and the trolley traveling mechanism 4 drives the scaffolding machine to retreat. During the process, the front rail section 5-1 is disassembled and installed to the rear end in a cyclical manner until the scaffolding machine retreats to the bridgehead position where the construction of one bridge section originally began.

[0107] S7, Lateral Transfer of the Board-Raising Machine: Using a temporary lifting device (such as a jack, hydraulic cylinder, etc.), the lower chord near the main frame 1's traveling mechanism 4 is lifted, freeing the traveling mechanism 4 from the air. The traveling mechanism 4 then rotates 90° along the second pin 4-11. A track 5 is then laid laterally at the corresponding position of the traveling mechanism 4. The temporary lifting device retracts, supporting the traveling mechanism 4 on the laterally laid track 5. After removing the temporary lifting device, the traveling mechanism 4 is driven to move laterally to the other end of the bridge. The lower chord near the traveling mechanism 4 of the main frame 1 is then lifted again using the temporary lifting device, freeing the traveling mechanism 4 from the air. The traveling mechanism 4 then rotates 90° again. 0°, then longitudinally lay track 5 at the position corresponding to the traveling mechanism 4 of the trolley, adjust the pads (3-1, 3-2) of the cross slope adjustment device 3 to adapt to the cross slope of the other bridge, retract the temporary lifting device to support the traveling mechanism 4 of the trolley on the longitudinally laid track 5, and then remove the temporary lifting device. At this point, the lateral movement of the scaffolding machine is completed. The setting of the second pin shaft 4-11 enables the scaffolding machine to have the function of lateral movement, which can greatly facilitate the construction of double-span bridges and multi-span bridges, avoid the work of dismantling and reassembling equipment during the construction of double-span bridges and multi-span bridges (from the first bridge of a double-span bridge to another bridge or from one bridge of a multi-span bridge to another bridge), and save a lot of construction time and cost.

[0108] S8, Installation of another bridge deck 9: Repeat the aforementioned steps S1-S5 to complete the laying of another bridge deck 9;

[0109] S9, Installation of multiple bridge deck panels 9: Repeat steps S6-S8 until the laying of multiple bridge deck panels 9 is completed. During the process, the cross slope adjustment pads 3 should be adjusted to adapt to the cross slope of the bridge being constructed after the scaffolding machine moves laterally and turns the line.

[0110] This embodiment does not impose any limitation on the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0111] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0112] If the terms "first" or "second" are used in this document to define components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" or "second" is merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scaffolding machine for bridge deck paving construction, characterized in that, include: The main frame is equipped with a counterweight. The bottom of the main frame is connected to the trolley traveling mechanism through a cross slope adjustment pad. The trolley traveling mechanism is used to support the main frame and drive the main frame to travel along the track set above the laid bridge deck. The overhead crane, mounted on the main frame, can move back and forth along the length of the bridge on the main frame. The overhead crane is used to lay the bridge deck onto the steel truss beam. The main frame includes a symmetrically arranged left truss and a right truss. A front connecting beam, a middle connecting beam, and a rear connecting beam are provided between the left truss and the right truss. The main frame is provided with a support strut, which is connected to the main frame by a pin. The bottom of the main frame is provided with an opening to facilitate the entry and exit of a flatbed truck. The counterweight includes a fixed counterweight and a temporary counterweight. The fixed counterweight is located inside the member cavity at the rear end of the main frame in the traveling direction, and the temporary counterweight is located above the outside of the horizontal member at the rear end of the main frame in the traveling direction. The trolley traveling mechanism includes a wheel box, which contains a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The wheel box is connected to a cross slope adjustment pad via a hinge, which allows it to rotate both horizontally and vertically. A first pin is inserted through the hinge to enable the wheel box to rotate vertically, and a second pin is installed on the top of the hinge to enable the wheel box to rotate horizontally. A reducer is installed on the wheel box, and a pinion is installed on the output shaft of the reducer. The pinion meshes with a large gear, which is coaxial with the driving wheel and fixed together. An iron wedge is installed at the bottom of the wheel box to ensure the anti-slip safety of the entire machine in non-traveling conditions. It also includes a rear anchoring device located at the rear end of the main frame in the direction of travel to increase the overall machine's safety reserve against longitudinal overturning. The rear anchoring device can be connected to the laid bridge deck to anchor the main frame. The rear anchoring device includes a spreader beam and a stud. The stud passes through the spreader beam and the main frame in sequence to connect the two. A nut, a spherical washer and a conical washer are respectively provided at both ends of the stud. The bottom of the spreader beam is fitted with a third pin, which passes through a lifting ring on the laid bridge deck to anchor the spreader beam to the laid bridge deck.

2. The deck panel laying construction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overhead crane includes an overhead crane beam, with traveling mechanisms located below both ends of the overhead crane beam. A lifting mechanism is installed on the overhead crane beam, and the lifting mechanism is connected to a lateral movement mechanism. A lifting device is installed below the lifting mechanism, and the traveling mechanism is located on the top of the main frame.

3. The deck panel laying construction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross slope adjustment pad includes a left pad and a right pad located on both sides of the main frame. The top of the cross slope adjustment pad is connected to the main frame, and the bottom of the cross slope adjustment pad is connected to the trolley traveling mechanism.

4. The deck panel laying construction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track is arranged in two parallel sets, each set of track consists of at least two track sections. The track sections are set on the laid bridge deck and are fixedly connected to each other by fishplate connectors. The trolley traveling mechanism is set on the track sections. The bridge deck has openings, and a group of studs is installed inside the contact end between the steel truss and the opening. The studs are fixed to the upper chord of the steel truss, and a pad is installed in the stud group. The rail section is fixed to the pad by a pressure plate.

5. The construction process of a deck panel laying construction frame according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the bridge deck installation process for the two steel truss girder sections at the front of a bridge, specifically includes the following steps: S11, a track is laid at the bridgehead of a bridge, the scaffolding machine is placed on the track at the bridgehead, and the overhead crane travels to the rear span of the main frame and is adapted to the cross slope of the bridge deck by adjusting the cross slope adjustment device. S12, a temporary counterweight is installed above the outside of the horizontal member at the rear end of the main frame in the direction of travel; S13, the iron wedge for installing the traveling mechanism of the trolley; S14, the pallet truck loaded with bridge deck panels drives into the pallet erecting machine alley; S15, the overhead crane hoists the bridge panel from the rear span and moves to the front span. After adjusting the bridge panel's posture to reach the design position, it is lowered and installed. Then, the connection between the overhead crane's hoist and the bridge panel is disconnected. This installation step is repeated until the bridge panel of the first steel truss girder section of a bridge is laid. The plate transport vehicle then drives out of the plate erecting machine lane. S16, the crane travels to the rear span of the main frame, disassembles the rear rail section and installs it on the bridge deck that has been laid at the front, releases the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the whole machine to travel along the track until the trolley traveling mechanism moves to the next steel truss upper chord node, and then reinstalls the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism. S17. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the bridge deck of the second steel truss section of a bridge is laid. S2, after the bridge deck installation machine completes the bridge deck installation between the upper chord sections of the first two steel truss girders of a bridge, it enters the standard operating procedure: the overhead crane travels to the rear span of the main frame, installs the track on the laid bridge deck, releases the iron wedges of the trolley traveling mechanism, drives the trolley traveling mechanism to make the whole machine travel to the next upper chord node of the steel truss girder, installs the rear anchoring device and pre-tightens it, and then reinstalls the iron wedges of the trolley traveling mechanism. S3, transporting bridge panels by pallet truck: the pallet truck loaded with bridge panels drives into the scaffolding machine alley; S4, Bridge deck installation: The overhead crane moves above the bridge deck loaded on the gantry crane, hoists the bridge deck, and then moves to the front span. After adjusting the bridge deck's posture to reach the design position, it is lowered for installation. Then, the connection between the overhead crane hoist and the bridge deck is disconnected. This installation step is repeated until all the bridge decks of the steel truss girder section of the bridge are installed. The gantry crane then drives out of the gantry crane tunnel. S5, scaffolding machine travel: The overhead crane returns to the rear span of the main frame, disassembles the rear rail section and installs it onto the bridge deck that has been laid at the front. The rear anchoring device is released, the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism is released, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the whole machine to travel until the trolley traveling mechanism moves to the next steel truss upper chord node. Repeat the above steps S2-S4 until the bridge deck of one bridge is laid.

6. A construction process of a deck panel laying construction of a deck panel laying machine according to claim 5, wherein, Each section of the steel truss is covered with an integer n (n≥2) bridge deck panels. In steps S1-S4, the traveling mechanism of the trolley in non-traveling conditions is pressed against the bridge deck panel at the upper chord node of the steel truss.

7. A construction process of a decker for bridge deck pavement construction according to claim 5, wherein The construction process for double-span and multi-span bridges, and Includes the following steps: S6, Reverse of the scaffolding machine: After the construction of one bridge section is completed, the overhead crane travels to the end of the main frame, releases the iron wedge of the trolley traveling mechanism, and the trolley traveling mechanism drives the scaffolding machine to retreat. During the process, the front rail sections are disassembled and installed to the rear section in a cyclical manner until the scaffolding machine retreats to the bridgehead position where the construction of one bridge section originally began. S7, Lateral Transfer of the Panel Erection Machine: The lower chord near the main frame's trolley traveling mechanism is lifted using a temporary lifting device, freeing the trolley traveling mechanism. The trolley traveling mechanism rotates 90° horizontally. Then, a track is laid laterally at the corresponding position of the trolley traveling mechanism. The temporary lifting device retracts, allowing the trolley traveling mechanism to be supported on the laterally laid track. After removing the temporary lifting device, the trolley traveling mechanism is driven to move the entire machine laterally to the bridgehead of another span. The lower chord near the main frame's trolley traveling mechanism is then lifted again using the temporary lifting device, freeing the trolley traveling mechanism. The trolley traveling mechanism rotates 90° horizontally again. A track is then laid longitudinally at the corresponding position of the trolley traveling mechanism. The pads of the cross slope adjustment device are adjusted to match the cross slope of the other span. The temporary lifting device retracts, allowing the trolley traveling mechanism to be supported on the longitudinally laid track. The temporary lifting device is then removed, thus completing the lateral transfer of the panel erection machine. S8, Installation of another bridge deck: Repeat steps S1-S5 above to complete the laying of another bridge deck; S9, Installation of multiple bridge deck panels: Repeat steps S6-S8 until the laying of multiple bridge deck panels is completed. During the process, the cross slope adjustment pads must be adjusted to adapt to the cross slope of the bridge being constructed after the scaffolding machine moves laterally and changes line.

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