Biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of biomass briquette fuel dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table, including flue gas collection tank, modular combustor, electronic scale and flue gas emission assembly, the flue gas collection tank includes tank and the chimney at the top of the tank, the modular combustor, the electronic scale are located in the tank, the modular combustor is located above the electronic scale, the chimney is provided with flue gas analyzer, the flue gas emission assembly includes gas collection cover, with gas collection cover Exhaust duct and setting on exhaust duct on air induction fan, the gas collection cover is located in the top outlet of the chimney directly above, the exhaust duct is provided with micro pressure difference meter, PM2.5 monitor.The present application is used to study biomass combustor air staging combustion theory, under the action of multiple air, biomass particle combustion dynamic combustion and pollutant emission.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a biomass fuel combustion test device, in particular to a biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional biomass extensive combustion mode leads to high pollution problems, and in general, the pollutants discharged by biomass processing into briquettes combustion are less than those discharged by traditional extensive combustion mode, and the content of sulfur element in biomass is much lower than that of fossil fuels such as coal, but the mass fraction of nitrogen element in straw biomass is generally higher, such as corn stalks can reach about 0.7%, which is comparable to the nitrogen content in coal, therefore, controlling NOx emission is the key to clean combustion of biomass.

[0003] The combustion technology of air required for combustion into the furnace in multiple stages is called air staged combustion, which is the most commonly used technology in low-nitrogen combustion technology. However, how to combine the biomass burner with the air staged combustion technology to make the fuel combustion more sufficient and effectively reduce the emission of air pollutants produced by incomplete combustion is a technical problem to be solved at present. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the prior art for a combustion test device for studying the air staged combustion theory of biomass burners and studying the dynamic combustion and pollutant emission of biomass particles under the action of multiple air. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table for researchers to study the air staged combustion theory of biomass burners.

[0005] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table, comprising a flue gas collecting tank, a modular burner, an electronic scale and a flue gas emission assembly, the flue gas collecting tank comprises a tank body and a chimney located at the top end of the tank body, the modular burner and the electronic scale are located in the tank body, the modular burner is located above the electronic scale, the chimney is provided with a flue gas analyzer, the flue gas emission assembly comprises a gas collecting hood, an exhaust duct connected with the gas collecting hood and a draft fan provided on the exhaust duct, the gas collecting hood is located directly above the top outlet of the chimney, and the exhaust duct is provided with a micro pressure difference meter and a PM2.5 monitor.

[0006] The modular burner comprises a furnace base, a furnace top piece above the furnace base, and a plurality of layers of the combustion general module stacked between the furnace base and the furnace top piece, the furnace base is a cylindrical structure with a wind chamber inside, the lower end of the furnace base is fixedly provided with a bottom plate, the side wall of the furnace base is provided with a base air inlet pipe in communication with the wind chamber, the top end of the furnace base is provided with a furnace grate in the middle, the combustion general module is a cylindrical piece with equal width from top to bottom, the combustion general module is provided with a general module annular wind cavity in the form of a ring, the outer wall of the combustion general module is provided with a general module air inlet pipe in communication with the general module annular wind cavity, the inner wall of the combustion general module is provided with a general module air outlet in communication with the general module annular wind cavity, the furnace top piece is a cylindrical piece, the furnace top piece is provided with a furnace top piece annular wind cavity in the form of a ring, the outer wall of the furnace top piece is provided with a furnace top piece air inlet pipe in communication with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity, the inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece is provided with a furnace top piece air outlet in communication with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity, the inner wall of the combustion general module and the inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece form a hearth, and the inner diameter of the upper half of the furnace top piece gradually decreases from bottom to top to form a reduced outlet.

[0007] The inner circle of the bottom surface of the furnace top piece is provided with an annular groove, the inner circle of the top surface of the combustion general module is provided with an annular protrusion, the inner circle of the bottom surface of the combustion general module is provided with an annular groove, and the inner circle of the top surface of the furnace base is provided with an annular protrusion, the furnace base, the plurality of layers of the combustion general module, and the furnace top piece are stacked by the upper and lower cooperation of the corresponding annular protrusions and annular grooves.

[0008] The inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece is uniformly distributed with a ring of furnace top piece air outlets, and the inner wall of the combustion general module is uniformly distributed with a ring of general module air outlets.

[0009] Four layers of the combustion general module are arranged between the furnace base and the furnace top piece.

[0010] Furnace top piece handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace top piece, general module handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the combustion general module, and base handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace base.

[0011] A sealing door is arranged on the front side of the box body of the flue gas collecting box, an aluminum silicate fiber felt is arranged on the inner side of the sealing door, and two groups of lock slots are arranged on the front side of the box body, each group of lock slots comprises two lock slots on the left and right sides of the sealing door, and a wedge-shaped lock bolt is arranged in each group of lock slots.

[0012] The chimney is provided with a flue gas test gun insertion hole and a pitot tube insertion hole.

[0013] The flue gas discharge assembly further comprises a chimney support frame arranged at the lower end of the collecting hood.

[0014] The gas collecting cover is connected with the exhaust duct through an elbow, the exhaust duct is connected with a horizontal flue fixing frame, the air induction fan lower end is provided with an air induction fan fixing frame, the exhaust duct passes through a wall and is connected with an outdoor exhaust duct, and a vertical flue fixing frame is arranged between the outdoor exhaust duct and the wall.

[0015] The biomass combustor air staged combustion theory research of experiment personnel is carried out by the biomass combustor, and the biomass particle combustion dynamic combustion and pollutant emission under the action of multiple air are researched. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the front structure schematic diagram of the smoke gas collecting tank;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the side structure schematic diagram of the smoke gas collecting tank;

[0019] Figure 4 It is the longitudinal section structure schematic diagram of the modular combustor;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the transverse section structure schematic diagram of the modular combustor;

[0021] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the smoke gas emission assembly;

[0022] Figure 7 It is the overhead structure schematic diagram of the smoke gas emission assembly.

[0023] In the drawing: 100-smoke gas collecting tank; 101-chimney; 102-tank body; 103-wedge-shaped lock; 104-sealing door; 105-aluminum silicate fiber felt; 106-smoke gas test gun jack; 107-Pitot tube jack; 108-lock groove;

[0024] 200-modular combustor; 201-furnace top piece; 202-combustion general module; 203-furnace top piece air inlet pipe; 204-furnace grate; 205-base handle; 206-furnace base; 207-furnace top piece air outlet; 208-general module annular air cavity; 209-furnace chamber; 210-general module air inlet pipe; 211-air chamber; 212-bottom plate; 213-fire outlet; 214-general module air outlet; 215-furnace top piece annular air cavity; 216-furnace top piece handle; 217-general module handle; 218-base air inlet pipe;

[0025] 300-Flue gas emission assembly; 301-Flue gas hood; 302-Elbow; 303-Exhaust duct; 304-Exhaust fan; 305-Wall; 306-Outdoor exhaust duct; 307-Vertical flue mounting bracket; 308-Exhaust fan mounting bracket; 309-Horizontal flue mounting bracket; 310-Flue hood support bracket;

[0026] 400 - Electronic scale; 500 - Flue gas analyzer; 600 - Micro differential pressure gauge; 700 - PM2.5 monitor; 800 - Oil-free air compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic combustion characteristic test bench for biomass briquettes includes a flue gas collection box 100, a modular burner 200, an electronic scale 400, and a flue gas emission assembly 300. The flue gas collection box 100 includes a box body 102 and a chimney 101 located at the top of the box body 102. The modular burner 200 and the electronic scale 400 are both located inside the box body 102, with the modular burner 200 located above the electronic scale 400. The chimney 101 is equipped with a flue gas analyzer 500. The flue gas emission assembly 300 includes a gas collection hood 301, an exhaust duct 303 connected to the gas collection hood 301, and an induced draft fan 304 installed on the exhaust duct 303. The gas collection hood 301 is located directly above the top outlet of the chimney 101. The exhaust duct 303 is equipped with a micro differential pressure gauge 600 and a PM2.5 monitor 700.

[0029] Fuel combustion rate is used as a combustion indicator because combustion rate (fuel consumption per unit time) corresponds to pollutant emission rate (pollutant emission per unit time).

[0030] This invention uses a weighing method to measure the fuel combustion rate: an electronic scale with appropriate range and accuracy is selected. Since the change in fuel mass during combustion is much smaller than the mass of the burner itself, a high-precision electronic scale with a large range is chosen. This invention uses an electronic scale with a range of 30 kg and an accuracy of 1 g, featuring automatic recording functionality and the ability to automatically record data at set time intervals.

[0031] The pollutant emission performance test system combines the full collection method with the carbon balance method, adopts two layers of gas collection hoods 301 to collect the flue gas generated by fuel combustion, the inner layer is sealed, and the outer layer is open. The inner layer uses a flue gas analyzer 500 to test the emission performance of CO, NOx and other pollutants. Since the inner layer is sealed, the flue gas is not diluted, and the flue gas analyzer 500 can test more accurate results. The outer layer mixes the flue gas discharged by the inner layer with the surrounding air, then collects the flue gas through the gas collection hood 301, discharges it to the outside through the exhaust duct 303 by the induced draft fan 304, and uses the exhaust fan connected to the end of the exhaust duct 303 to form a negative pressure in the gas collection hood 301. In this way, the flue gas can be prevented from dissipating into the room, and since the power of the exhaust fan is stable in the running state, the air volume of the exhaust duct 303 is stable. The process of mixing flue gas with air is equivalent to diluting the flue gas, so the DUST TRAK system can be used in the outer layer to analyze the emission performance of PM2.5 in the flue gas.

[0032] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , the modular burner 200 includes a furnace base 206, a furnace top piece 201 located above the furnace base 206, and a plurality of layers of combustion general modules 202 stacked between the furnace base 206 and the furnace top piece 201. The furnace base 206 is a cylindrical structure with a wind chamber 211 inside. The lower end of the furnace base 206 is fixedly provided with a bottom plate 212. The side wall of the furnace base 206 is provided with a base air inlet pipe 218 communicating with the wind chamber 211. The top end of the furnace base 206 is provided with a furnace grate 204 in the middle. The combustion general module 202 is a cylindrical piece with equal width from top to bottom. The combustion general module 202 is provided with a general module annular wind cavity 208. The outer wall of the combustion general module 202 is provided with a general module air inlet pipe 210 communicating with the general module annular wind cavity 208. The inner wall of the combustion general module 202 is provided with a general module air outlet 214 communicating with the general module annular wind cavity 208. The furnace top piece 201 is a cylindrical piece. The furnace top piece 201 is provided with a furnace top piece annular wind cavity 215. The outer wall of the furnace top piece 201 is provided with a furnace top piece air inlet pipe 203 communicating with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity 215. The inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece 201 is provided with a furnace top piece air outlet 207 communicating with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity 215. The inner wall of the combustion general module 202 and the inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece 201 form a hearth 209. The inner diameter of the upper half of the furnace top piece 201 gradually decreases from bottom to top, forming a reduced outlet 213.

[0033] The base air inlet pipe 218, the general module air inlet pipe 210 and the furnace top piece air inlet pipe 203 are connected with the oil-free air compressor 800 through glass rotor flow meters by using rubber pipes. The oil-free air compressor 800 forcibly supplies air, and the opening and closing of the air path are controlled by the knob on the rotor flow meter. During work, the furnace top piece 201 is first removed, the required fuel for the experiment is added, the furnace top piece 201 is installed, and then the ignition material is added from the fire outlet 213, the ignition material is ignited to start combustion, and then the oil-free air compressor 800 is started quickly to forcibly supply air. During the working process, the gas discharged from the fire outlet 213 is collected, and the CO, NOx and other pollutant emissions are tested. After the combustion is completed, the furnace top piece 201, the combustion general module 202 are taken out layer by layer, the ash is collected, and the composition of the ash is studied. After the temperature of the burner decreases to room temperature, the next combustion experiment is carried out.

[0034] The inner ring of the bottom surface of the furnace top piece 201 is provided with an annular groove, the inner ring of the top surface of the combustion general module 202 is provided with an annular protrusion, the inner ring of the bottom surface of the combustion general module 202 is provided with an annular groove, and the inner ring of the top surface of the furnace base 206 is provided with an annular protrusion. The furnace base 206, the multi-layer combustion general module 202 and the furnace top piece 201 are stacked by the upper and lower cooperation of the corresponding annular protrusions and annular grooves.

[0035] The inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece 201 is uniformly distributed with a ring of furnace top piece air outlets 207, and the inner wall of the combustion general module 202 is uniformly distributed with a ring of general module air outlets 214. This structure makes the air supply more uniform during work.

[0036] Multi-stage air staged combustion experiments can be carried out. Due to the modular characteristics, the combustion general module 202 can be randomly added or removed according to different experimental requirements, so that different combustion experiments can be conveniently carried out. As a preferred mode, four layers of combustion general modules 202 are arranged between the furnace base 206 and the furnace top piece 201.

[0037] Furnace top piece handles 216 are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace top piece 201, general module handles 217 are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the combustion general module 202, and base handles 205 are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace base 206, which are convenient for taking and placing.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2 , as shown in 3, the front side of the box body 102 of the flue gas collecting tank 100 is provided with a sealing door 104, the inner side of the sealing door 104 is provided with an aluminum silicate fiber felt 105, the front side of the box body 102 is provided with two groups of upper and lower lock slots 108, each group of lock slots 108 includes two lock slots 108 on the left and right sides of the sealing door 104, and a wedge-shaped lock 103 is arranged in each group of lock slots 108.

[0039] When working, first arrange the flue gas test gun and the pitot tube, remove the wedge-shaped locking block, remove the sealing door 104, and quickly push it into the sealing cover after the modular burner 200 is ignited, and place it directly below the flue, then immediately install the sealing door 104, and press the wedge-shaped lock 103. At this time, data measurement and other further work can be carried out.

[0040] In order to completely collect the flue gas discharged during combustion, a flue gas collection box 100 is used. A metal plate enclosure is added to four sides, one of which is a detachable sealing door 104, which can be locked and fixed by the wedge-shaped lock 103. The inside of the sealing door 104 is wrapped with aluminum silicate fiber felt 105 to enhance the sealing effect, and the bottom edge of the cover is sealed tightly with a strip of aluminum silicate fiber felt 105. The upper part of the cover is a 1m long vertical flue, and a flue gas test gun insertion hole 106 is provided at a distance of 0.4m from the upper opening of the flue. The flue gas test gun of the flue gas analyzer 500 can test the concentration of pollutants (CO, NOx) in the flue through the small hole, and the pitot tube insertion hole 107 is 0.2m below the flue gas test gun insertion hole 106. The gas flow in the flue can be calculated by measuring the difference between the total pressure and the static pressure in the flue. Since the device is almost completely sealed, the flue gas collected is basically not diluted, and the flue gas analyzer 500 can measure the concentration of pollutants more accurately, and then calculate the pollutant emission factor in the flue gas by the carbon balance method.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The flue gas emission assembly 300 also includes a smoke hood support frame 310 arranged at the lower end of the gas collection hood 301. The gas collection hood 301 is connected to the exhaust duct 303 through the elbow 302, and the exhaust duct 303 is connected to the horizontal smoke pipe fixing frame 309. The induced draft fan 304 is provided with an induced draft fan fixing frame 308 at the lower end, and the exhaust duct 303 passes through the wall 305 and is connected to the outdoor exhaust duct 306. The vertical flue fixing frame 307 is arranged between the outdoor exhaust duct 306 and the wall 305.

[0042] When working, the flue gas collection box 100 is placed below the gas collection hood 301 of the flue gas assembly, and the flue gas discharged by the fuel combustion enters the gas collection hood 301 of the flue gas assembly through the chimney 101 of the flue gas collection box 100, and is mixed with the surrounding air, which is equivalent to diluting the flue gas. The difference between the total pressure and the static pressure of the gas in the horizontal flue is measured by the pitot tube measuring point to calculate the gas flow rate. The PM2.5 dynamic emission performance related research is carried out by the particulate matter measuring point. Then the flue gas is discharged to the outdoor through the induced draft fan 304.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and is not a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application, and simple modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics experiment platform, characterized in that: The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristic experiment table includes a flue gas collecting box, a modular combustor, an electronic scale and a flue gas emission assembly, the flue gas collecting box includes a box body and a chimney at the top end of the box body, the modular combustor and the electronic scale are located in the box body, the modular combustor is located above the electronic scale, the chimney is provided with a flue gas analyzer, the flue gas emission assembly includes a gas collecting hood, an exhaust duct connected with the gas collecting hood and a draft fan arranged on the exhaust duct, the gas collecting hood is located directly above the top outlet of the chimney, and the exhaust duct is provided with a micro pressure difference meter and a PM2.5 monitor; The modular combustor includes a furnace base, a furnace top piece located above the furnace base and a plurality of layers of combustion general modules stacked between the furnace base and the furnace top piece, the furnace base is a cylindrical structure with a wind chamber in the inside, the lower end of the furnace base is fixedly provided with a bottom plate, the sidewall of the furnace base is provided with a base air inlet pipe in communication with the wind chamber, the top end of the furnace base is provided with a furnace grate, the combustion general module is a cylindrical piece with equal width of the inner diameter, a general module annular wind cavity in the form of a ring is arranged in the combustion general module, the outer wall of the combustion general module is provided with a general module air inlet pipe in communication with the general module annular wind cavity, and the inner wall of the combustion general module is provided with a general module air outlet in communication with the general module annular wind cavity, the furnace top piece is a cylindrical piece, a furnace top piece annular wind cavity in the form of a ring is arranged in the furnace top piece, the outer wall of the furnace top piece is provided with a furnace top piece air inlet pipe in communication with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity, and the inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece is provided with a furnace top piece air outlet in communication with the furnace top piece annular wind cavity, the inner wall of the combustion general module and the inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece constitute a hearth, and the inner diameter of the upper half of the furnace top piece gradually decreases from bottom to top to form a reduced outlet. The base air inlet pipe, the general module air inlet pipe and the furnace top piece air inlet pipe are connected with an oil-free air compressor through a glass rotor flowmeter and a rubber tube.

2. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the bottom surface of the furnace top piece is provided with an annular groove, the inner ring of the top surface of the combustion general module is provided with an annular protrusion, the inner ring of the bottom surface of the combustion general module is provided with an annular groove, and the inner ring of the top surface of the furnace base is provided with an annular protrusion, the furnace base, the plurality of layers of combustion general modules and the furnace top piece are stacked through the upper and lower cooperation of the corresponding annular protrusions and annular grooves.

3. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the lower half of the furnace top piece is uniformly distributed with a ring of furnace top piece air outlets, and the inner wall of the combustion general module is uniformly distributed with a ring of general module air outlets.

4. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: Four layers of the combustion general modules are arranged between the furnace base and the furnace top piece.

5. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: Furnace top piece handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace top piece, general module handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the combustion general module, and base handles are fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace base.

6. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the smoke gas collecting tank is provided with a sealing door, the inner side of the sealing door is provided with an aluminum silicate fiber felt, the front side of the tank is provided with two groups of upper and lower lock slots, each group of lock slots includes two lock slots on the left and right sides of the sealing door, and a wedge-shaped lock latch is arranged in each group of lock slots.

7. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chimney is provided with a smoke test gun insertion hole and a pitot tube insertion hole.

8. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust assembly further comprises a chimney support frame arranged at the lower end of the gas collecting hood.

9. The biomass briquette dynamic combustion characteristics test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas collecting hood is connected with the exhaust duct through an elbow, the exhaust duct is connected with a horizontal flue fixed frame, the induced draft fan is provided with an induced draft fan fixed frame at the lower end, the exhaust duct penetrates through the wall and is connected with an outdoor exhaust duct, and a vertical flue fixed frame is arranged between the outdoor exhaust duct and the wall.

Images