An intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of remote monitoring of electric power equipment, and specifically discloses an intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring, including: a signal acquisition unit, used to collect voltage signals, current signals, temperature signals, and high-frequency current wave signals; an MCU main control unit, used to quantify and analyze the signals collected by the signal acquisition unit, and calculate the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, and temperature; and analyze whether there is a fault arc on the line in combination with the time dimension; a WIFI communication unit, used to connect to the network through WIFI, and actively send alarm and warning information to the background terminal; a drive control unit, used to perform tripping processing when the fault tripping condition is reached, and actively send it to the background terminal for processing; after the fault is eliminated, the closing is restored after a slight delay according to the set conditions. The present invention can realize accurate measurement, early warning and tripping, self-recovery function after fault elimination, and remote management function, and the maintenance cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of remote monitoring of electric power equipment, and in particular to an intelligent air switch based on fire protection electric power fire monitoring. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the miniature circuit breakers used in power equipment are composed of operating mechanisms, contacts, protection devices (various releases), arc extinguishing systems, etc. The main contacts of the air switch are closed manually. After the main contacts are closed, the free tripping mechanism locks the main contacts in the closed position. The coil of the overcurrent release and the thermal element of the thermal release are connected in series with the main circuit, and the coil of the undervoltage release is connected in parallel with the power supply. When the line is broken or severely overloaded, the armature of the overcurrent release is attracted, causing the free release to operate and the main contacts to disconnect the main circuit.

[0003] When the circuit is overloaded, the thermal element of the thermal release heats up and bends the bimetallic strip, pushing the release to operate. When the circuit is undervoltage, the armature of the undervoltage release is released, also causing the release to operate. Traditional miniature circuit breaker switches implement the tripping protection functions of overvoltage, undervoltage, overload, and overtemperature, but cannot achieve accurate monitoring and early warning of voltage, current, and temperature, cannot achieve the self-recovery function after the fault tripping and the fault elimination, cannot monitor leakage and line arc faults, and cannot perform remote telemetry and remote control. After searching, the existing technical solutions of miniature circuit breaker switches similar to the present invention include the following four:

[0004] 1. The Chinese utility model patent with patent application number CN202022088561.5 discloses an intelligent air switch control system, including a detection module, a communication module, a control module and a controlled module. The detection module includes an intelligent biosensor, the control module includes an intelligent air switch, and the intelligent biosensor is connected to the intelligent air switch. The communication module includes a 2.4G wireless receiver and a mobile phone APP, and the intelligent air switch is connected to the 2.4G wireless receiver, and the 2.4G wireless receiver is connected to the mobile phone APP. The controlled module includes a door lock switch and an electrical switch, and the door lock switch is respectively connected to the intelligent biosensor and the intelligent air switch, and the electrical switch is connected to the intelligent air switch. Users can remotely control their own intelligent switches in real time on the company's special mobile phone APP, and open or close the door locks and all electrical equipment in the room from a distance through the 2.4G wireless receiver;

[0005] 2. A Chinese utility model patent with patent application number CN201921414493.8 discloses an intelligent air switch with an optoelectronic interconnection communication port function. The utility model has an optoelectronic data communication module composed of an upstream optoelectronic transceiver circuit and a downstream optoelectronic transceiver circuit, and an upstream receiving optical channel and a downstream optoelectronic transmitting optical channel corresponding to the positions of the upstream optoelectronic receiving and transmitting elements and the downstream optoelectronic receiving and transmitting elements in the optoelectronic data communication module are provided on the housing, and the positions of the optical channels are adapted to each other, so that when multiple intelligent air switches are used in combination, the upstream receiving optical channel between adjacent intelligent air switches is opposite to the upstream optoelectronic transmitting optical channel, and the downstream receiving optical channel is opposite to the downstream optoelectronic transmitting optical channel, so that data can be transmitted by optical signals, and the requirements for the position accuracy of the optical channel are greatly reduced, which facilitates processing; and there is no connection between adjacent intelligent air switches, so they can be disassembled separately when they need to be repaired and replaced, and will not affect each other, which is very convenient;

[0006] 3. The Chinese utility model patent with patent application number CN201711095083.7 discloses an intelligent air switch system, mobile terminal and server, wherein the intelligent air switch system includes a router and multiple intelligent air switches connected to the router signal, each of the intelligent air switches is connected in series with an external electrical appliance, and the intelligent air switch includes a circuit breaker unit, a data acquisition unit, a data analysis unit, a communication unit and a control unit. The invention can upload the circuit parameters and circuit faults in operation to an external server, so that professional staff and users can know the circuit parameters and circuit faults without on-site inspection;

[0007] 4. A monitoring method and system for an intelligent air switch disclosed in a Chinese invention patent with patent application number CN201510962951.1. The intelligent air switch includes a main switch and several safety switches connected to the main switch; the monitoring method of the intelligent air switch includes the following steps: the intelligent air switch pre-stores the initial state information of the main switch and each safety switch; the intelligent air switch detects the current state information of each safety switch in real time; if there is a safety switch whose current state information is inconsistent with the initial state information, the response mechanism is triggered. In the invention, when the state information of any safety switch changes due to a fault, the main switch will trip due to the fault; therefore, when the intelligent air switch trips due to a fault, the fault cause can be automatically detected in the above manner, and the fault information can be pushed to the user, so that the user can solve the above fault, thereby achieving a safe and convenient home power environment.

[0008] However, for the above-mentioned prior art solution 1, it uses a 2.4G wireless transceiver to connect to a mobile phone APP. Due to the limitations of 2.4G communication, it can only realize short-distance communication control on and off, and cannot realize long-distance telemetry and remote control functions. There is no collection and analysis of electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power, and there is no leakage monitoring and arc fault monitoring; for the prior art solution 2, optical-electrical interconnection is used to realize data transmission, and the data communication distance is limited. In order to realize long-distance communication, a gateway needs to be added, and the communication link becomes complicated, the cost is greatly increased, and there is no connection background and service management, and there is no perfect function; for the prior art solution 3, each air switch is connected to an electrical appliance, and the data of each electrical device is detected separately. There is no perfect leakage collection and arc monitoring, the identification of malicious loads is not realized, and there is no early warning function and self-recovery function; for the prior art solution 4, it is a monitoring system for an intelligent air switch, which does not analyze and process the data collected on each switch, but only monitors the state of the switch and controls the on and off of the switch, and there is no collection and analysis of electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power, and there is no leakage monitoring and arc fault monitoring.

[0009] Therefore, for the above-mentioned existing technical solutions, although many of them have realized communication control and partial electrical parameter measurement, they have not performed complete leakage detection and data collection, have not detected line wiring faults or arc faults caused by line aging, have no early warning function, and have no self-recovery function after fault tripping or fault elimination. They are very inconvenient for daily life and production electricity use, faults cannot be eliminated in time, a lot of manpower and material resources are consumed, management costs are increased, and production efficiency is affected. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, solve the problems of low reliability, single function, inflexible configuration and inability to perform remote management and configuration in the existing miniature circuit breaker switches, and provide an intelligent air switch based on fire power fire monitoring. By adding a signal acquisition unit, accurate measurement can be achieved, the electrical parameters can be calculated by the MCU main control unit, and the drive control unit can be controlled to issue early warnings and trip, thereby realizing the self-recovery function after fault elimination, and remote management can be achieved through remote telemetry and remote control by the WIFI communication unit.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring, comprising:

[0012] A signal acquisition unit, used for collecting voltage signals, current signals, temperature signals, and high-frequency current wave signals;

[0013] The MCU main control unit is used to quantify and analyze the signals collected by the signal acquisition unit, and calculate the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, and temperature; and analyze whether there is a fault arc on the line in combination with the time dimension, calculate the PT curve, determine the line load condition, and analyze whether there is a malicious load;

[0014] WIFI communication unit, used to connect to the network via WIFI and actively send alarm and warning information to the background terminal;

[0015] The drive control unit is used to perform tripping processing when the fault tripping conditions are met and actively send it to the background terminal for processing; after the fault is eliminated, it will resume closing after a short delay according to the set conditions.

[0016] Preferably, the signal acquisition unit uses resistor shunt to acquire current waveform signals, acquires high-frequency current wave signals through high-frequency mutual inductors, and acquires leakage current signals through leakage mutual inductors.

[0017] Preferably, the MCU main control unit includes an MCU main control chip U6, a memory chip U5, a crystal oscillator X1 and a main control chip peripheral circuit, and the memory chip U5, the crystal oscillator X1 and the main control chip peripheral circuit are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6.

[0018] Preferably, the WIFI communication unit includes a WIFI module U7, a resistor R121, a resistor R122, a resistor R123, a resistor R124, a resistor R125, a resistor R126, a resistor R127, a resistor R128, a resistor R129, a capacitor C120, a capacitor C121 and an inductor L101, and the resistor R121, the resistor R122, the resistor R123, the resistor R124, the resistor R125, the resistor R126, the resistor R127, the resistor R128, the resistor R129, the capacitor C120, the capacitor C121 and the inductor L101 are all connected to the WIFI module U7, and the WIFI module U7 is connected to the MCU main control chip U6.

[0019] Preferably, the signal acquisition unit includes a transformer interface P1, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a fault arc acquisition circuit, a leakage detection circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit. The transformer interface P1 is electrically connected to the fault arc acquisition circuit, and the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the fault arc acquisition circuit, the leakage detection circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6.

[0020] Preferably, the drive control unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C5, a diode D1, a transistor Q1, a closing interface J4, a contact switch SW1 and a leakage switch K1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the forty-sixth pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the collector of the transistor Q1 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the base of the transistor Q1 and the anode of the diode D1 are all connected to the first pin of the closing interface J4, and the second pin of the closing interface J4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1; one end of the resistor R4, one end of the capacitor C2 and the contact switch are all connected to the thirty-third pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R9 are all connected to the thirty-second pin of the MCU main control chip U6, and one end of the leakage switch K1 and the capacitor C5 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R9.

[0021] Preferably, the voltage acquisition circuit includes a resistor R30, a resistor R27, a resistor R31, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R34, a capacitor C18, a capacitor C19, an operational amplifier U1A and a resistor R36. The resistor R30, the resistor R27, the resistor R31, the resistor R33, the resistor R32 and the resistor R28 are connected in series in sequence. The resistor R28, the resistor R29 and the capacitor C18 are all connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A, and the resistor R34 and the capacitor C19 are all connected to the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The operational amplifier U1A is connected to the tenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R36; the current acquisition circuit includes a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, an operational amplifier U1B and a resistor R41, the resistor R25 and the capacitor C16 are both connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U1B, the resistor R26 and the capacitor C17 are both connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the eleventh pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R41.

[0022] Preferably, the leakage detection circuit includes an interface J1, a diode D2, a resistor R21, a resistor R35, a resistor R46, an operational amplifier U1D and a resistor R45, the first pin of the interface J1, the anode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R35, the second pin of the interface J1, the cathode of the diode D2 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R46, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to the thirteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via the resistor R45.

[0023] Preferably, the fault arc acquisition circuit includes capacitor C28, capacitor C42, operational amplifier U3A, operational amplifier U3B and resistor R63, one end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C42 are both connected to the transformer interface P1, the transformer interface P1 is connected to the high-frequency transformer, the other end of the capacitor C28 and the other end of the capacitor C42 are respectively connected to the reverse input terminal and the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U3A, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3A is connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U3B via capacitor C30, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U3B is connected to the sixteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via resistor R63.

[0024] Preferably, the temperature acquisition circuit includes a temperature sensor NTC1, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3, and the temperature sensor NTC1, the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are all connected to the fifteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention provides an intelligent air switch based on fire protection and power fire monitoring, which has the following beneficial effects: the signal acquisition unit in the intelligent air switch based on fire protection and power fire monitoring is used to collect voltage signals, current signals, temperature signals, and high-frequency current wave signals; the MCU main control unit is used to quantify and analyze the signals collected by the signal acquisition unit, and calculate the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, temperature, and analyze whether there is a fault arc on the line in combination with the time dimension, calculate the PT curve, judge the line load condition, and analyze whether there is a malicious load; the WIFI communication unit is used to connect to the network through WIFI, and actively send alarm and warning information to the network. The MCU main control unit is used to analyze the voltage and current signals, which solves the problem of no accurate metering function, accurately senses the equipment, and can give early warning, which greatly improves the accuracy of the equipment. The WIFI communication unit solves the problem of rigid system interaction, and the input and output functions can be flexibly configured to realize remote configuration management, remote telemetry and remote control, which greatly facilitates the flexible configuration of the construction site, and pushes remote fault inspection and repair reporting information, which greatly improves the efficiency of production and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the circuit of the MCU main control unit in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the signal acquisition unit in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the WIFI communication unit in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the driving control unit in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of the power supply unit in the present invention;

[0032] In the figure, 1-signal acquisition unit, 2-MCU main control unit, 3-WIFI communication unit, 4-drive control unit, 5-backend terminal, 6-power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] like Figure 1-6As shown, the intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring includes: a signal acquisition unit 1, which is used to collect voltage signals, current signals, temperature signals, and high-frequency current wave signals; an MCU main control unit 2, which is used to quantify and analyze the signals collected by the signal acquisition unit, and calculate the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, and temperature, and analyze whether there is a fault arc on the line in combination with the time dimension, calculate the PT curve, judge the line load condition, and analyze whether there is a malicious load; a WIFI communication unit 3, which is used to connect to the network through WIFI and actively send alarm and early warning information to the background terminal; a drive control unit 4, which is used to perform tripping processing when the fault tripping condition is reached, and actively send it to the background terminal for processing; after the fault is eliminated, the closing is restored after a slight delay according to the set conditions. It can be understood that the present invention, as an intelligent device for remote monitoring, alarm and control of power equipment, realizes the collection, calculation and analysis of data such as voltage, current, power, power factor, electricity, temperature, voltage and current waveforms of power transmission lines, alarms or trips according to the analysis results, protects the equipment on the entire line, and remotely notifies maintenance personnel to inspect and maintain the equipment. The present invention is based on the combination of mutual inductor, MCU, and wireless WIFI to carry out signal collection, calculation, analysis, data transmission and remote background management of electrical parameters, and has perfect electrical parameter detection, early warning and tripping disconnection and connection with the main circuit, and self-recovery after the fault is eliminated, and realizes the monitoring and identification of malicious loads, leakage monitoring and fault arc monitoring functions, remote telemetry and remote control, and background management and repair functions for the monitoring circuit.

[0037] Specifically, the MCU main control unit 2 includes an MCU main control chip U6, a memory chip U5, a crystal oscillator X1 and a peripheral circuit of the main control chip, and the memory chip U5, the crystal oscillator X1 and the peripheral circuit of the main control chip are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6. It can be understood that the present invention uses the ADC pin of the MCU main control chip U6 to realize the collection and analysis of voltage and current signals, solves the problem of no accurate measurement function, accurately senses the equipment, and can warn, which greatly improves the accuracy of the equipment. The MCU main control unit 2 is electrically connected to the signal acquisition unit 1, the WIFI communication unit 3 and the drive control unit 4 respectively, and the WIFI communication unit 3 is connected to the background terminal 5 for communication. The MCU main control chip U6 adopts the AT32F403CGT6 chip, and the memory chip U5 adopts the AT24HC02BN chip. The above only lists the main circuit components and their connection relationships, and the remaining circuit components and their specific connection relationships are shown in the accompanying drawings. The present invention will not be repeated, and the same applies below.

[0038] Specifically, the WIFI communication unit 3 includes a WIFI module U7, a resistor R121, a resistor R122, a resistor R123, a resistor R124, a resistor R125, a resistor R126, a resistor R127, a resistor R128, a resistor R129, a capacitor C120, a capacitor C121 and an inductor L101. The resistor R121, the resistor R122, the resistor R123, the resistor R124, the resistor R125, the resistor R126, the resistor R127, the resistor R128, the resistor R129, the capacitor C120, the capacitor C121 and the inductor L101 are all connected to the WIFI module U7, and the WIFI module U7 is connected to the MCU main control chip U6. It can be understood that the WIFI module U7 adopts the ESP8266-12S chip, and its first pin, third pin, twenty-first pin and twenty-second pin respectively correspond to the forty-fifth pin, twenty-sixth pin, thirty-first pin and thirtieth pin of the MCU main control chip U6, and is used to connect to the network through WIFI and actively send alarm and warning information to the background terminal.

[0039] Specifically, the signal acquisition unit 1 uses a resistor shunt to realize current waveform signal acquisition, realizes the acquisition of high-frequency current wave signals through a high-frequency mutual inductor, and realizes the acquisition of leakage current signals through a leakage mutual inductor. The signal acquisition unit 1 includes a mutual inductor interface P1, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a fault arc acquisition circuit, a leakage detection circuit, and a temperature acquisition circuit. The mutual inductor interface P1 is electrically connected to the fault arc acquisition circuit, and the voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, fault arc acquisition circuit, leakage detection circuit, and temperature acquisition circuit are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6. It can be understood that the signal acquisition unit in the present invention uses a resistor shunt to realize the current waveform signal acquisition, a high-frequency mutual inductor realizes the acquisition of high-frequency current wave signals, a leakage mutual inductor realizes the acquisition of leakage current signals, and a temperature sensor realizes the acquisition of the equipment ambient temperature; the MCU main control unit quantifies and analyzes the collected voltage and current waveform signals, calculates the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, temperature and other electrical parameters for storage, performs Fourier transform analysis on the voltage, current, and high-frequency current waveforms, calculates the harmonic content rate, and analyzes whether there is a fault arc in combination with the time dimension. According to the characteristics of electrical parameters and waveforms, combined with information such as time dimensions, analyze whether there is a fault arc on the line. For alarm and early warning information, it is actively sent to the background terminal through the indicator light display on the equipment and the connection to the network through WIFI; when the fault tripping condition is reached, the tripping process is performed and actively sent to the background terminal for processing. After the fault is eliminated, the device will resume closing after a slight delay according to the set conditions.

[0040] Specifically, the drive control unit 4 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C5, a diode D1, a transistor Q1, a closing interface J4, a contact switch SW1 and a leakage switch K1. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the forty-sixth pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the collector of the transistor Q1 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the base of the transistor Q1 and the anode of the diode D1 are all connected to the first pin of the closing interface J4, and the second pin of the closing interface J4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1; one end of the resistor R4, one end of the capacitor C2 and the contact switch are all connected to the thirty-third pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R9 are all connected to the thirty-second pin of the MCU main control chip U6, and one end of the leakage switch K1 and the capacitor C5 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R9. It can be understood that the closing interface J4, the contact switch SW1 and the leakage switch K1 are used to receive control signals to close or open the switch.

[0041] Specifically, the voltage acquisition circuit includes a resistor R30, a resistor R27, a resistor R31, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R34, a capacitor C18, a capacitor C19, an operational amplifier U1A and a resistor R36. The resistor R30, the resistor R27, the resistor R31, the resistor R33, the resistor R32 and the resistor R28 are connected in series in sequence. The resistor R28, the resistor R29 and the capacitor C18 are all connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The resistor R34 and the capacitor C19 are all connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the tenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R36; the current acquisition circuit includes a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, an operational amplifier U1B and a resistor R41, the resistor R25 and the capacitor C16 are both connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the resistor R26 and the capacitor C17 are both connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the eleventh pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R41. It can be understood that the voltage signal is input from the resistor R30, and the current signal is input from the resistor R25 and the resistor R26 respectively.

[0042] Specifically, the leakage detection circuit includes an interface J1, a diode D2, a resistor R21, a resistor R35, a resistor R46, an operational amplifier U1D and a resistor R45. The first pin of the interface J1, the anode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R35. The second pin of the interface J1, the cathode of the diode D2 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R46. The output end of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to the thirteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via the resistor R45. By adding high-frequency current collection and leakage current collection, waveform collection is added, and the fault arc collection circuit includes capacitor C28, capacitor C42, operational amplifier U3A, operational amplifier U3B and resistor R63. One end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C42 are connected to the mutual inductor interface P1, and the mutual inductor interface P1 is connected to the high-frequency mutual inductor. The other end of the capacitor C28 and the other end of the capacitor C42 are respectively connected to the reverse input end and the forward input end of the operational amplifier U3A. The output end of the operational amplifier U3A is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U3B through capacitor C30, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3B is connected to the sixteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 through resistor R63. It can be understood that the leakage current signal is connected from the interface J1, and the fault arc signal is connected from the mutual inductor interface P1. By setting the leakage detection circuit and the fault arc collection circuit, the possible problem of being unable to detect leakage and poor line contact, causing fire, can be solved, and the line operation safety can be greatly improved. Monitor malicious loads, issue alarms and trip in time to improve the safety of operating lines.

[0043] Specifically, the temperature acquisition circuit includes a temperature sensor NTC1, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3, and the temperature sensor NTC1, the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are all connected to the fifteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6. It can be understood that the temperature signal is connected from the temperature sensor NTC1, and the indicator LED1 is used as a fault alarm indication.

[0044] It can be understood that the intelligent air switch also includes a power supply unit 6, which is used to provide working power for the intelligent air switch; the power supply unit 6 includes a 1.5V power supply circuit, a 3.3V power supply circuit and a 5V power supply circuit. The 1.5V power supply circuit includes a power management chip U4, which adopts the SGM2200-1.5YN3LG / TR chip and outputs a 1.5V power supply; the 3.3V power supply circuit includes a power management chip U101, which adopts the CJ6101A33M chip and outputs a 3.3V power supply; the 5V power supply circuit includes a power management chip U102, which adopts the JW1530 chip and outputs a 5V power supply.

[0045] It can be understood that the present invention uses ARM chips and internal ADC to realize the collection, calculation, analysis, storage and transmission of voltage, current, temperature and other signals, connects to the computer network through routing or gateway, transmits data to the background, realizes remote telemetry and remote control, and uses the internal DSP function of MCU to realize current waveform collection and FFT calculation to analyze whether there is a fault arc.

[0046] It can be understood that the working steps of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: The system design uses an internal high-speed ADC to collect voltage and current signals. The MCU main control unit 2 scans voltage, current, and temperature every 156us. The ADC channel of the high-frequency current records the ADC value at this moment in the array, interrupts once every 64 points, and then takes values ​​in a slip mode. At this time, record this half-cycle waveform. When the second interrupt arrives, there are already 128 ADC values ​​at this moment, and the effective value can be calculated. Thereafter, interrupt once every 64 points, take values, and calculate the effective value together with the last 64ADC values. Record the effective value at this time, so that the change of voltage and current can be quickly detected. Step 2: At this time, record this half-cycle waveform. Since it is a slip value, it is necessary to combine the ADC value of the last interruption, perform Fourier transform, and calculate the harmonic content rate of voltage and current. According to the high-frequency harmonic model, combined with the voltage and current characteristics, determine whether there is a fault arc. Step 3: Calculate parameters such as temperature and power. Step 4: According to the power, combine it with 1 second to calculate the power consumption. Repeat the previous 3 steps to calculate a set of power and power factor. Repeat the previous three steps, by loading different electrical appliances. Since different electrical appliances have different power sizes, power factors, harmonic characteristics, duration and other information, a load model can be established to extract the electrical characteristics of the appliances and store them in the storage unit of the device. After the model is established, the rate of change of a group of power and power factors at this moment is judged according to 30S-60S, and the characteristic information of the current load, to determine whether there are high-power electrical appliances, and then determine whether it is a malicious load. Step 5: After the calculation of each parameter, alarm and trip processing are performed according to the set conditions, and communication and remote control actions can be processed at the same time.

[0047] It can be understood that the present invention has a reasonable design and a unique structure. A circuit board integrating the above-mentioned signal acquisition unit 1, MCU main control unit 2, WIFI communication unit 3, drive control unit 4 and power supply unit 6 is added to the micro switch circuit breaker, so as to solve the problems of low accuracy of data acquisition and inability to warn and remote telemetry and remote control in the prior art, solve the problems of cumbersome system configuration and high maintenance cost, solve the problems of inability to detect leakage and arc faults, solve the problems of no malicious load identification alarm and tripping, realize the collection, analysis, calculation, storage and transmission of various parameters of electricity consumption, realize remote maintenance and control, greatly improve the efficiency of production, debugging and maintenance, and add leakage and fault arc detection, which greatly improves the safety of the line, eliminates potential hidden dangers in time, ensures the safety of electricity use, greatly improves the safety of electricity use, facilitates debugging and maintenance, has great flexibility, solves the problems of complex, difficult and high cost debugging in the prior art, and can bring considerable economic benefits.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring, characterized in that: include: A signal acquisition unit, used for collecting voltage signals, current signals, temperature signals, and high-frequency current wave signals; The MCU main control unit is used to quantify and analyze the signals collected by the signal acquisition unit, and calculate the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electricity, and temperature; Combined with the time dimension, it analyzes whether there is a fault arc on the line, calculates the PT curve, determines the line load condition, and analyzes whether there is a malicious load; WIFI communication unit, used to connect to the network via WIFI and actively send alarm and warning information to the background terminal; The drive control unit is used to perform tripping processing when the fault tripping conditions are met and actively send it to the background terminal for processing; after the fault is eliminated, it will resume closing after a short delay according to the set conditions; The MCU main control unit includes an MCU main control chip U6, a memory chip U5, a crystal oscillator X1 and a main control chip peripheral circuit, and the memory chip U5, the crystal oscillator X1 and the main control chip peripheral circuit are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6; the WIFI communication unit includes a WIFI module U7, a resistor R121, a resistor R122, a resistor R123, a resistor R124, a resistor R125, a resistor R126, a resistor R127, a resistor R128, a resistor R129, a capacitor C120, a capacitor C121 and an inductor L101, and the resistor R121, the resistor R122, the resistor R123, the resistor R124, the resistor R125, the resistor R126, the resistor R127, the resistor R128, the resistor R129, the capacitor C120, the capacitor C121 and the inductor L101 are all connected to the WIFI module U7, and the WIFI module U7 is connected to the MCU main control chip U6; The drive control unit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C5, a diode D1, a transistor Q1, a closing interface J4, a contact switch SW1 and a leakage switch K1. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the 46th pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C1 and the collector of the transistor Q1 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the base of the transistor Q1 and the anode of the diode D1 are all connected to the first pin of the closing interface J4, and the second pin of the closing interface J4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1; one end of the resistor R4, one end of the capacitor C2 and the contact switch are all connected to the 33rd pin of the MCU main control chip U6, one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R9 are all connected to the 32nd pin of the MCU main control chip U6, and one end of the leakage switch K1 and the capacitor C5 are all connected to the other end of the resistor R9; The voltage acquisition circuit includes a resistor R30, a resistor R27, a resistor R31, a resistor R33, a resistor R32, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R34, a capacitor C18, a capacitor C19, an operational amplifier U1A and a resistor R36. The resistor R30, the resistor R27, the resistor R31, the resistor R33, the resistor R32 and the resistor R28 are connected in series in sequence. The resistor R28, the resistor R29 and the capacitor C18 are all connected to the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The resistor R34 and the capacitor C19 are all connected to the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to the tenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R36; the current acquisition circuit includes a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a capacitor C16, a capacitor C17, an operational amplifier U1B and a resistor R41, the resistor R25 and the capacitor C16 are both connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the resistor R26 and the capacitor C17 are both connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the eleventh pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via a resistor R41; The leakage detection circuit includes an interface J1, a diode D2, a resistor R21, a resistor R35, a resistor R46, an operational amplifier U1D and a resistor R45. The first pin of the interface J1, the anode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R35. The second pin of the interface J1, the cathode of the diode D2 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier U1D via the resistor R46. The output end of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to the thirteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via the resistor R45. The fault arc acquisition circuit includes capacitor C28, capacitor C42, operational amplifier U3A, operational amplifier U3B and resistor R63. One end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C42 are both connected to the transformer interface P1, and the transformer interface P1 is connected to a high-frequency transformer. The other end of the capacitor C28 and the other end of the capacitor C42 are respectively connected to the reverse input end and the forward input end of the operational amplifier U3A. The output end of the operational amplifier U3A is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U3B via capacitor C30, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3B is connected to the sixteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6 via resistor R63.

2. The intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition unit uses resistor shunt to realize current waveform signal acquisition, realizes high-frequency current wave signal acquisition through high-frequency mutual inductor, and realizes leakage current signal acquisition through leakage mutual inductor.

3. The intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition unit includes a transformer interface P1, a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a fault arc acquisition circuit, a leakage detection circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit. The transformer interface P1 is electrically connected to the fault arc acquisition circuit, and the voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, fault arc acquisition circuit, leakage detection circuit and temperature acquisition circuit are all connected to the MCU main control chip U6.

4. The intelligent air switch based on fire protection power fire monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature acquisition circuit includes a temperature sensor NTC1, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3. The temperature sensor NTC1, the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are all connected to the fifteenth pin of the MCU main control chip U6.

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