Method for processing forage grass and chopper

Abstract

The application provides a forage processing method and a forage chopper, and relates to the technical field of forage processing, which aims at solving the problem of poor breaking effect and poor palatability of products when rod crops are cut and processed into forage, and relates to the technical field of forage processing. A cutting method comprises the following steps: in the process of forage processing, a breaking knife fixed on a rotating shaft is used to cut forage from the length direction of the forage, and the forage is pressed by the side surface of the breaking knife during the cutting process, so that the forage is broken and softened; and then a forage cutting moving knife is used to cut the broken forage, so that forage is formed. The forage processing method and the forage chopper make the product processed by the forage chopper softer, more delicate and better in palatability, and the forage cutting moving knife is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forage processing technology, specifically a forage processing method and a forage chopper. Background Technology

[0002] Forage, such as straw and corn stalks, generally needs to be chopped into small pieces before it can be used as feed. The processed feed should be soft, finely ground, and palatable so that it is easier for livestock to chew.

[0003] Existing forage processing methods generally involve first cutting the forage and then shredding it using a shredding mechanism. Because the cut forage is short, it doesn't easily interact with the subsequent shredding mechanism, resulting in an unsatisfactory shredding effect and making it difficult to meet palatability requirements for the processed product. Chinese Patent Application No. 201810961957.0 discloses a forage chopper with a blade adjusting assembly and a forage chopper incorporating this assembly. It discloses a method where the forage is broken up by a row of teeth located on the outer edge of the vertical plate of the adjusting blade frame before being chopped. While this method does break up the forage to some extent, the effect is poor, and the palatability of the product is not ideal. Chinese patent application number 201020660256.2 discloses a chaff cutter, which discloses a scheme to break up forage by setting hammers on the blade holder. In this scheme, since the hammers are mounted on the pin shaft, the forage is prone to being blocked by the forage and unable to rotate around the pin shaft, resulting in the forage being broken. The crushing effect is not ideal, and the palatability of the product is also not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a forage processing method and a forage chopper, so as to solve the problem that the crushing effect is not ideal and the palatability of the product is poor when the existing stalk crops are chopped and processed into feed.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a chopping method, comprising: in the process of forage processing, firstly using a crushing blade fixed vertically on a rotating shaft to cut the forage from the length direction, and during the cutting process, squeezing the forage through the side of the crushing blade to achieve the purpose of breaking the forage joints and making it soft, and then using a chopping blade to chop the cut forage to form feed.

[0006] Furthermore, the crushing blade is inclined relative to the feed direction, so that the side of the crushing blade is used to squeeze the feed during the feed processing.

[0007] Furthermore, the shredder is tilted at 10° to 40° relative to the feed direction.

[0008] The present invention also provides a chaff cutter for the above-mentioned chaff cutting method, comprising a housing and a chaff cutter blade assembly disposed within the housing. The housing has a radial feed inlet. The chaff cutter blade assembly includes a main shaft, a blade holder, and a chaff cutter blade. One side of the chaff cutter blade is provided with a cutting edge. The main shaft is installed inside the housing and rotatably connected to the housing. The blade holder is installed on the main shaft. The chaff cutter blade is installed on the blade holder. A crushing component is provided on the front side of the cutting edge of the chaff cutter blade. The crushing component includes at least one crushing blade that is inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the main shaft. The crushing blade is vertically fixed on the blade holder and is provided with crushing teeth.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes at least one crushing blade inclined to one side of a plane perpendicular to the main shaft, and at least one crushing blade inclined to the other side of a plane perpendicular to the main shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, in the crushing assembly, the number of crushing blades inclined to one side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft and the number of crushing blades inclined to the other side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft are equal, and they are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the blade holder.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the breaker blade has a left fork on one side and a right fork on the other side.

[0012] Furthermore, the crushing teeth are provided on both the front and top surfaces of the crushing blade.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear side of the shredder is a convex arc shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the crushing assembly also includes a mounting plate, which is detachably connected to the blade holder, and the crushing blades of the crushing assembly are multiple and mounted on the mounting plate to form a whole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The forage processing method and forage chopper of this invention employ a method in which the forage is first cut along its length by a crushing blade on a vertically fixed rotating shaft, and the forage is squeezed by the side of the crushing blade during the cutting process. Finally, the forage is chopped into feed by a chopping blade. The crushing blade is fixedly set on the rotating shaft, which has a better crushing effect than hammer blades. Furthermore, the unchopped forage can be squeezed by the side, making it easier for the crushing blade and the forage to work together fully. This is better than chopping and then squeezing, resulting in a product with a softer texture, finer powder, and better palatability. It also better protects the chopping blade. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the chaff cutter of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the cutting blades being inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the main shaft;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the moving blade assembly of a chaff cutter;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the moving blade assembly of a chaff cutter;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a type of breaker blade;

[0021] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the moving blade assembly of a chaff cutter;

[0022] The figure shows: main shaft 1, blade holder 2, grass chopping blade 3, crushing assembly 4, forage 5, machine housing 6, feeding direction 7, crushing blade 41, mounting plate 42, crushing teeth 411, rear side 412, front side 413, left fork 414, right fork 415, plane 11, and feed inlet 61. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] See Figure 1 This invention discloses a forage processing method. The method involves processing forage into feed in the following manner: During forage processing, a shredder 41, vertically fixed on a rotating shaft, first cuts the forage 5 along its length. During the cutting process, the forage is squeezed by the side of the shredder 41 to soften the forage. Then, a chopping blade 3 is used to chop the cut forage, thus forming feed. The chopping blade 3 can also be mounted on the rotating shaft, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the shredder 41 to rotate, thereby chopping the fed forage 5. The rotating shafts on which the chopping blade 3 and the shredder 41 are mounted can be the same or different. Preferably, the shredder 41 and the chopping blade 3 are mounted on the same rotating shaft (see [link to documentation]). Figure 1 This facilitates the processing of forage. That is, the forage can be shredded and chopped at the same workstation.

[0025] Specifically, the shredder 41 can cut through the forage 5 with either a toothed blade or a straight blade, preferably with a toothed blade, that is, the shredder is equipped with shredding teeth. Using a toothed blade makes it less likely to cut the forage, and its shredding effect is better.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the crushing blade 41 is inclined relative to the feeding direction of the forage, so that the forage is squeezed by one side of the crushing blade 41 during the forage processing. The optimal inclination angle of the crushing blade 41 relative to the feeding direction of the forage is generally between 10° and 40°, which ensures both the squeezing effect and facilitates feeding.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, since the crusher 41 is inclined relative to the feeding direction of the forage, the forage can not only be cut by the crusher 41 during feeding, but also bend and deform the forage towards the inclined side through the relative movement of the crusher 41 and the forage, thereby squeezing the forage and making the crushed forage softer and more tender, thus improving the palatability of the feed. In some embodiments, the crusher 41 is inclined relative to the vertical plane 11 of the main shaft 1 on which it is mounted, and the feeding direction 7 of the forage is along the radial direction of the main shaft, that is, the feeding direction 7 is parallel to the plane 11. The feeding direction 7 is generally horizontal, thereby realizing the inclined setting of the crusher 41 relative to the feeding direction of the forage (see Figure 2 In the above structure, the specific tilt direction can be entirely towards the feeding direction 7 (plane 11); or, partially towards one side and partially towards the other side. In some embodiments, the following method is also adopted: the crusher 41 is arranged parallel to the vertical plane 11 of the main shaft 1 on which it is mounted, and the feeding direction 7 of the forage is tilted relative to the plane 11, thereby realizing that the crusher 41 is tilted relative to the feeding direction of the forage.

[0028] In some embodiments, the crusher blade 41 is also arranged along the feed direction 7, but the crusher blade 41 forms a structure with increased thickness from the front end to the rear end, that is, the two sides of the crusher blade are inclined relative to the feed direction, thereby achieving the purpose of lateral crushing of the feed. When there are multiple crusher blades 41, the above structure will have relatively large resistance to feed.

[0029] The forage processing method of this invention employs a method whereby a crushing blade 41, mounted on a vertically fixed rotating shaft, first slices the forage along its length, compressing it from the side during the slicing process. Finally, a chopping blade 3 cuts the forage into feed. The crushing blade 41, fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, provides better crushing than a hammer mill and allows for compression of unchopped forage from the side. This facilitates better interaction between the crushing blade 41 and the forage, resulting in a more refined texture, finer powder, and better palatability in the processed product. This method is particularly suitable for processing harder forage, and because the crushing blade 41 first slices the forage, it makes it easier for the chopping blade 3 to cut it, thus extending the lifespan of the chopping blade 3.

[0030] The present invention also provides a chaff cutter for use in the above-described forage processing method. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a forage chopper for forage processing includes a housing 6 and a forage chopper moving blade assembly disposed within the housing 6. The housing 6 is provided with a radial feed inlet 61. Figures 2 to 4As shown, the chaff cutter assembly includes a main shaft 1, a blade holder 2, and chaff cutters 3. Each chaff cutter 3 has a cutting edge on one side. The main shaft 1 is mounted inside a housing 6 and rotatably connected to it. The blade holder 2 is mounted on the main shaft 1, and the chaff cutter 3 is mounted on the blade holder 2. A crushing component 4 is located on the front side of the cutting edge of the chaff cutter 3. The crushing component 4 includes at least one crushing blade 41 inclined relative to a plane 11 perpendicular to the main shaft 1. To ensure crushing effect, multiple crushing blades 41 are typically used. Each crushing blade 41 is vertically fixed on the blade holder 2 and has crushing teeth 411. When the crushing component 4 includes multiple crushing blades 41, it can be understood that the crushing blades 41 are spaced apart along the extending direction of the chaff cutter 3. The spacing between the crushing blades 41 is generally between 7 and 20 mm.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, when the forage chopper is working, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate clockwise by the drive device. The forage enters the machine housing radially from the feed inlet 61, that is, in a direction parallel to the plane 11 perpendicular to the main shaft 1, generally in a horizontal direction. During the rotation of the main shaft 1, the crushing blade 41 and the moving forage chopper 3 rotate around the main shaft. As the crushing blade 41 rotates with the main shaft 1, it can first cut the forage 5 entering the machine housing 6 through its crushing teeth 411 and squeeze the forage with one side to achieve the purpose of breaking the forage joints and making it soft. Then, the moving forage chopper 3 cuts it with its cutting edge. This forage chopper realizes the forage processing method of the present invention, achieves the purpose of improving the palatability of the feed, and since the moving forage chopper 3 and the crushing blade 41 are both installed on the main shaft 1, the forage cutting and chopping can be carried out in the same station, making the processing more convenient and the forage chopper structure more compact.

[0032] In this chaff cutter, it is understandable that since the forage 5 needs a certain amount of time to enter the chaff cutter after being cut by the previous chaff cutter blade 3, in order to better crush the forage 5 entering the chaff cutter, the closer the crushing blade 41 is to the blade of the chaff cutter blade 3, the more sufficient the time for the forage to enter the chaff cutter before being cut by the next blade, the longer the contact between the forage and the subsequent crushing blade 41, and the better the crushing effect of the crushing blade 41.

[0033] The cutting blade can be a straight plate structure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in order to increase the contact area between the crusher blade and the material and improve the crushing effect, the top of the crusher blade 41 (the end away from the main shaft) is provided with a left fork 414 on one side and a right fork 415 on the other side. In this way, the contact area between the crusher blade 41 and the material is larger, the crushing effect is better, and compared with simply increasing the number of crusher blades 41, the above method has less impact on the material feeding.

[0034] The shredding teeth 411 serve to cut the forage, and there can be one or more of them. Specifically, the shredding teeth 411 can be set on the front side 413 and / or the top surface of the shredding blade 41. For better forage cutting, the shredding teeth 411 are preferably provided on both the front side 413 and the top surface of the shredding blade 41.

[0035] If the shredding assembly 4 only has a shredding blade 41 that is inclined to one side relative to the plane 11 perpendicular to the main shaft 1, the force of the forage on the shredding blade assembly will be biased towards one end of the blade holder. To improve the above situation, further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the crushing assembly 4 includes at least one crushing blade 41 inclined to one side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft 1, and at least one crushing blade 41 inclined to the other side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft 1. Ideally, the number of crushing blades 41 inclined to one side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft 1 and the number of crushing blades 41 inclined to the other side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft 1 are equal, and they are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the blade holder 2. This results in a more balanced force distribution on the blade holder.

[0036] To improve the strength of the cutting blade 41, the rear side 412 of the cutting blade 41 has an outwardly convex arc-shaped structure (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0037] The shredder blade 41 can be fixed to the blade holder 2 using common fixing methods such as welding or bolting. When the shredder assembly 4 has multiple shredder blades 41, the shredder blades 41 of the shredder assembly 4 can be installed independently on the blade holder 2. Since the forage does not need to be shredded to meet feed requirements when processing relatively soft forage, in this case, to reduce the load on the forage cutter and facilitate the disassembly of each shredder blade 41 of the shredder assembly 4, ideally, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the crushing assembly 4 also includes a mounting plate 42, which is detachably connected to the cutter holder 2. The crushing blade 41 is mounted on the mounting plate 42 to form a whole. This allows for easy removal of the crushing blade 41 from the cutter holder 2 by simply detaching the mounting plate 42, making installation and disassembly more convenient. The mounting plate 42 and the cutter holder 2 can be detachably connected using methods such as snap-fit, bolts, or screws. The crushing blade 41 can be mounted on the mounting plate 42 using methods such as welding bolts.

[0038] For ease of use, such as Figure 6 As shown, the blade of the grass-chopping knife 3 is also provided on the back side. Thus, when the blade of the grass-chopping knife 3 is damaged, it can be replaced by reversing the blade installation.

[0039] Similar to the existing structure, the grass-cutting blade 3 can be set parallel to the spindle 1 or at a certain angle to the spindle 1 (set at an inclination relative to the spindle). Figure 1 In the middle, the grass-cutting moving blade 3 is set parallel to the main shaft 1. In this way, especially since the grass-cutting moving blade 3 has blades on both sides, it is easier to adjust and install the grass-cutting moving blade 3.

Claims

1. A hay cutter comprising a housing (6) and a hay cutter moving knife assembly arranged in the housing (6), the housing (6) being provided with a radial feed inlet (61), the hay cutter moving knife assembly comprising a main shaft (1), a knife holder (2) and a hay cutter moving knife (3), the hay cutter moving knife (3) being provided with a knife edge on one side, the main shaft (1) being mounted in the housing (6) and being rotatably connected to the housing (6), the knife holder (2) being mounted on the main shaft (1), the hay cutter moving knife (3) being mounted on the knife holder (2), characterized in that, The front side of the cutting blade of the forage cutter (3) is provided with a crushing assembly (4), the crushing assembly (4) comprises at least one crushing knife (41) which is arranged obliquely relative to the plane perpendicular to the main shaft (1), the crushing knife (41) is vertically fixed on the knife holder (2), and the crushing knife (41) is provided with crushing teeth (411); The cutting method of the forage cutter comprises the following steps: in the process of processing forage, the crushing knife (41) which is vertically fixed on the main shaft (1) and is arranged obliquely relative to the feeding direction of the forage is used to cut the forage in the length direction of the forage and press the forage through the side surface of the crushing knife (41) in the cutting process, so as to achieve the purpose of breaking the joints of the forage and softening the forage, and then the forage after cutting is cut off by the forage cutter, so as to form the forage.

2. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The crushing knife (41) is inclined by 10°-40° relative to the feeding direction of the forage.

3. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The crushing assembly (4) comprises at least one crushing knife (41) which is arranged obliquely relative to one side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft (1), and at least one crushing knife (41) which is arranged obliquely relative to the other side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft (1).

4. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 3 wherein, In the crushing assembly (4), the crushing knife (41) which is arranged obliquely relative to one side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft (1) and the crushing knife (41) which is arranged obliquely relative to the other side of the plane perpendicular to the main shaft (1) are equal in number and are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the knife holder (2).

5. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The top end side of the crushing knife (41) is provided with a left bifurcated part (414), and the other side is provided with a right bifurcated part (415).

6. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The front side and the top surface of the crushing knife (41) are provided with the crushing teeth (411).

7. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The rear side of the crushing knife (41) is an outward convex arc.

8. A forage chopper as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The crushing assembly (4) further comprises a mounting plate (42), the mounting plate (42) is detachably connected with the knife holder (2), the crushing assembly (4) comprises a plurality of crushing knives (41) which are installed on the mounting plate (42) to form a whole.

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