A chain grate gasifier

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification furnaces, and discloses a material probe of a chain grate gasification furnace, which is mainly composed of a pneumatic device, a sliding device, a sensing device and a measuring device. The outer wall of the pneumatic device is fixedly connected with the sensing device. The top end of the pneumatic device is fixedly connected with one end of the sliding device, and the other end of the sliding device is fixedly connected with the measuring device. The measuring device is movably sleeved with the top end of the gasification furnace, and the lower half of the measuring device is located in the gasification furnace. The pneumatic device and the sliding device are used to drive the measuring device to move up and down, so that only the measuring plate of the material probe is in contact with the surface of the biomass material during measurement, and the measuring plate is separated quickly after the contact. The contact surface of the measuring plate is free of precise instruments, the extrusion force of the biomass material on the material probe is effectively reduced, the frequency and intensity of the collision of the material probe are shortened, the service life of the material probe is prolonged, and the material probe is not prone to damage and failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biomass gasification furnace technology, and in particular to a feed probe for a chain grate gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industry and the high-speed advancement of urbanization, energy shortages and environmental pollution have become the focus of attention in today's society. The search for more extensive and cleaner energy sources has become particularly urgent. As a result, the application and promotion of biomass energy have made great strides in recent years.

[0003] Biomass gasification technology is a thermochemical conversion technology of biomass. It involves the incomplete combustion of biomass fuel, primarily agricultural and forestry waste, through four processes: oxidation, reduction, pyrolysis, and drying, transforming the higher molecular weight organic hydrocarbon chains into lower molecular weight combustible gases such as CO, H2, and CH4. Therefore, biomass feedstock typically has four layers within the gasifier: a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer, and a reduction layer. If the biomass distribution within the gasifier is uneven, with varying fuel levels, areas with lower biomass levels may lack a layer or have insufficient height. A missing layer will prevent normal gas production, and the air participating in the reaction will tend to travel short distances, overflowing from the thinnest part of the feed layer. This causes the flame to rise, ultimately destroying the entire reaction layer and preventing gas production. Therefore, maintaining uniform biomass fuel distribution within the gasifier is a prerequisite for continuous and stable production.

[0004] In modern gasification furnace equipment, material detectors are installed at key locations within the furnace to understand the distribution of biomass materials and control material levels during production. Existing material detectors generally use rotary paddle level gauges. Their working principle involves a permanent magnet motor driving a paddle to rotate. When the material being detected rises to the paddle's position, the paddle's rotation is obstructed, and this resistance is transmitted to the detection device in the junction box. The detection device then outputs a switching signal and cuts off the power, stopping the paddle's rotation. When the material descends, the paddle resistance disappears, and the detection device returns to its original state due to the spring's tension. Therefore, rotary paddle level gauges have advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation, and low cost.

[0005] However, this feed sensor still has some drawbacks in its use: First, although there are many types of biomass raw materials, the biomass raw materials currently used for gasification are mainly high-calorific-value wood materials, such as waste template materials and waste furniture materials. The size of these biomass materials varies below 300mm, and the biomass materials are not stationary in the furnace. The movement of the grate, the automatic downward movement of the carbon layer after combustion, and the impact of the raw materials on the rotary paddle level gauge during feeding all cause the rotary paddle level gauge to be subjected to the compressive force from the material movement after the material level is reached. In other words, the rotary paddle level gauge is subjected to the compressive force from the material movement for a long time. Impacts can easily damage the blades and motor of the rotary paddle level gauge, causing it to malfunction. Secondly, because rotary paddle level gauges are generally installed on the side wall of the gasifier, and the probe cannot be extended too far (otherwise it will easily break), the setting of the probe is not flexible enough. In addition, the rotary paddle level gauge can only provide the level status at one position, that is, it can only detect whether the level has been reached or not, but cannot provide specific position information, resulting in a small measurement range and the inability to provide continuous and accurate level information. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application proposes a material detector for a chain grate furnace with degassing function. It has the advantages of effectively reducing the impact intensity of the measuring plate on the material detector, extending its service life, increasing the measuring range of the material detector, and enabling the material detector to provide specific material level information. This solves the problems of the material detector being damaged and failing due to the long-term squeezing force of material movement, and the problem that a single material detector can only provide the material level information for one location.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a feed detector for a chain grate gasification furnace, comprising: a gasification furnace for burning biomass, wherein a feeding auger is transversely arranged in the middle of the gasification furnace, and a chain grate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace; a feed detector for understanding the distribution of biomass in the furnace and controlling the material level during production, wherein the feed detector is fixedly installed at the top of the gasification furnace and is located on one side of the feeding auger inlet, the feed detector is composed of a support, a pneumatic device, a sensing device, a sliding device, and a measuring device, wherein the bottom of the support is fixedly connected to the top of the gasification furnace, a pneumatic device is fixedly connected to one side wall of the support, a sensing device is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pneumatic device, the top of the pneumatic device is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding device, and the other end of the sliding device is fixedly connected to the measuring device, the measuring device is movably sleeved with the top of the gasification furnace, and the lower half of the measuring device is located inside the gasification furnace, the operating frequency of the feed detector is set by the pneumatic device and controlled to operate once every 30 seconds.

[0008] Furthermore, the pneumatic device includes: a cylinder, one side of which is fixedly connected to the bracket by screws at its top and bottom ends, and the cylinder is located in the lower half of the bracket; a rod, the lower end of which is movably sleeved with the cylinder; and a seat, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensing device includes: a sensing base, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pneumatic device, and a sensor is disposed inside the sensing base; a contactor, which has an open slot at the end of the sensing base near the measuring device, and a contactor is movably engaged in the open slot, and the contactor is connected to the sensor by a wire; and a support pad, one side of the outer wall of the contactor is fixedly connected to one side of the support pad, and the other side of the support pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the open slot, and the support pad has supporting elasticity.

[0010] Furthermore, the sliding device includes: a steel wire rope, one end of which is fixedly connected to the air seat and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the measuring device; and two pulleys, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the support, the steel wire rope passing through the two pulleys and slidingly contacting the two pulleys.

[0011] Furthermore, the measuring device includes: a measuring column, which is cylindrical and its length is set according to the actual situation of the gasifier; a measuring seat, which is fixedly installed at the top of the measuring column and is fixedly connected to one end of a steel wire rope; a fixing member, which is movably sleeved on the outside of the measuring column and whose outer wall is fixedly sleeved with the top of the gasifier; and a measuring plate, which is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the measuring column. The measuring plate has a ring-shaped top view and its bottom surface is larger than that of the measuring column. The measuring plate has a frustum-shaped top view and a bottom view.

[0012] Furthermore, the measuring device also includes: a movable device, wherein the measuring column has a circular cavity inside, and the movable device is movably disposed inside the circular cavity for connecting the moving device and the collision device; a moving device, wherein the measuring plate has an inclined cavity inside, and the connection position between the measuring column and the measuring plate has four connecting holes, and the moving device is disposed in the inclined cavity and the circular cavity through the connecting holes. When the bottom end of the measuring device contacts the biomass material, the moving device is pushed upward, indirectly driving the movable device upward, providing power for the subsequent action of the collision device; and a collision device, wherein the collision device is disposed in the upper half of the movable device and is located above the fixed component, and the number of collision devices is... Several collision devices are installed, with equal intervals between each pair, to expand the detection range of the measuring device. This allows for accurate detection of the material level at a specific location within the gasifier, enabling the operator to promptly feed and stop the material. The uppermost collision device is called the low-level collision device, and the lowermost collision device is called the high-level collision device. When the low-level collision device collides with the sensing device, biomass material needs to be added to the furnace; when the high-level collision device collides with the sensing device, feeding to the furnace is stopped. An air-drawing device is installed inside the gasifier to transfer air from outside the gasifier to above the measuring plate, ensuring thorough cleaning of the biomass material on the measuring plate and effective cooling of the measuring device.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable device includes: a movable rod, which is movably sleeved within the circular cavity, and the length of the movable rod is shorter than that of the circular cavity; two fixed plates, which are fixedly sleeved in the middle of the circular cavity of the measuring column, and the movable rod is movably sleeved with the fixed plates; a movable plate, which is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod located between the two fixed plates, and the movable plate is connected to the fixed plates by a buffer spring; and a movable ball, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod corresponding to the position of the collision device, and the bottom end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the movable ball, which is spherical in shape and has a diameter equal to the diameter of the circular cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the moving device includes: a moving member, which is cross-shaped and whose four sides are movably sleeved with connecting holes; the middle part of the moving member is located in a circular cavity, and the four sides of the moving member are located in an inclined cavity; a top groove is formed at the top of the moving member, and the moving member is movably engaged with a movable ball through the top groove; and a moving body, which has transverse grooves formed on its four sides, and the moving member is movably sleeved with the moving body through the transverse grooves; one side of the moving body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove through a compression spring, and the other side of the moving body contacts the inner wall of the inclined cavity; and several movable parts are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the moving body located inside the transverse groove. The moving block is semi-cylindrical in shape; the moving rod has its four bottom edges fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the upper elastic element, and the inner ring of the upper elastic element fixedly sleeved with the upper half of the outer wall of the moving rod. The bottom edge of the measuring plate corresponding to the position of the upper elastic element is fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the lower elastic element, and the inner ring of the lower elastic element is movably sleeved with the lower half of the outer wall of the moving rod. The top edge of the moving rod is located in the transverse groove of the moving element, and the bottom edge of the moving rod is located below the measuring plate. The moving rod is located at the outermost edge of the four sides of the moving element, and the top edge of the moving rod is spherical. The upper and lower elastic elements have supporting elasticity.

[0015] Furthermore, the collision device includes: a collision ring, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the measuring column. The collision ring is annular with a notch, and outer grooves are provided on both sides of the notch; and a collision strip, which is movably connected to the collision ring through the notch. Collision blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the collision strip. The collision blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer groove through a tension spring. The edge of this end of the collision strip is arc-shaped and conforms to the arc of the collision ring. The other end of the collision strip passes through the measuring column and contacts the movable ball. This end of the collision strip is located in the upper half of the movable ball, and the shape of the collision strip conforms to the movable ball.

[0016] Furthermore, the air intake device includes: a long air tube, which is fixedly sleeved inside the measuring column on the side away from the collision strip; an air intake valve, which is fixedly connected to the top end of the long air tube and is located outside the measuring column, the air intake valve being a one-way valve with airflow direction from the outside to the inside; a main airbag, which is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity below the collision device, the main airbag being annular and having the ability to deform under force and return to its original shape when not under force; and a short air tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to one side of the long air tube, and the short air tube... The other end of the tube is fixedly connected to the lower half of the main airbag; the auxiliary airbag is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity above the measuring plate, and the auxiliary airbag is fixedly connected to the long airbag through a short air tube; the exhaust valve has one end fixedly connected to the auxiliary airbag, and the other end passes through the measuring column and is set above the measuring plate. There are sixteen exhaust valves, which are evenly arranged around the measuring column. The exhaust valves are obliquely arranged, and the tilt angle is the same as the slope of the measuring plate. The exhaust valves are one-way valves, and the airflow direction is from the inside of the auxiliary airbag to the outside of the measuring column.

[0017] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This application provides a material detector for a chain grate gasification furnace. By replacing the original rotary paddle level gauge with a weighted level gauge, a pneumatic and sliding device is used to move the measuring device up and down. This ensures that only the measuring plate of the detector contacts the surface of the biomass material during measurement, and that the contact is quickly separated after contact. At the same time, there are no precision instruments on the contact surface of the measuring plate, which effectively reduces the squeezing force of the biomass material on the detector, shortens the frequency and intensity of collisions to the detector, thereby improving the service life of the detector and ensuring that the detector is not easily damaged or failed.

[0019] By installing a probe at the top of the gasifier and movably connecting the measuring column to the gasifier using a fixing device, it is not limited to installation on the gasifier wall and has a wider range of applications. Furthermore, since only the bottom of the measuring device contacts the biomass material, it is less prone to breakage, eliminating the need to limit its extension length. Additionally, multiple collision devices are installed on the wall of the measuring column above the fixing device, and a sensing device is installed on the wall of the pneumatic device. The measuring device, during its lifting and lowering process, pushes and deforms the collision devices, causing them to collide with the sensing device. The impact signal is transmitted to the control terminal via a sensor, which then issues a command. When a lower-level collision device collides, biomass material needs to be added to the furnace; when a higher-level collision device collides, feeding stops. This not only increases the measurement range but also allows the operator to have a clear understanding of the material level, enabling timely adjustments to the feeding operation.

[0020] By installing a movable device inside the measuring column, with a moving device connected below the movable device and a collision device connected above the movable device, when the measuring device descends and contacts the biomass raw material, the moving rod is pressed upward, effectively causing the moving part to push the movable device upward, thereby realizing the outward movement of the collision bar. At this time, one of the collision devices will collide with the sensing device, thus accurately reflecting the material level. This ensures that the operator can promptly grasp the material level in the gasifier. When there is no collision, the collision device does not contact the sensing device, effectively reducing the frequency of collisions between the two and improving the protection of both. At the same time, when the moving device moves up and down, it can cause the moving body to move back and forth within the moving part, thereby driving the moving rod to shake, making the moving rod loose on the surface of the biomass material, preventing the biomass material from becoming too compact due to the impact of the measuring plate on the surface of the biomass material, and ensuring that the biomass material can have a uniform and normal combustion reaction.

[0021] By installing an air intake device inside the measuring column, with a main airbag located below a movable ball and an air outlet valve located above the measuring plate, the up-and-down movement of the movable ball causes the main airbag to reciprocate and deform, thereby allowing outside air to be discharged to the top of the measuring plate through the movable rod, etc. This not only effectively cools the inside of the probe and improves its service life, but also blows away and cleans any biomass materials that may remain on the measuring plate, ensuring the cleanliness of the measuring plate surface and preventing the phenomenon of hammer burial that could damage the measuring plate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles disclosed in this application.

[0023] This application can be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the material probe in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the probe in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pneumatic device and the sensing device in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding device in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the measuring device in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a front view of the internal structure of the measuring device in this invention;

[0032] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the measuring device in this invention;

[0034] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0035] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mobile device in this invention;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the collision device and the local moving device in this invention;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the collision ring in this invention;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air intake device in this invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Gasifier; 11. Feeding auger; 12. Chain grate; 13. Material detector; 131. Support; 2. Pneumatic device; 21. Cylinder; 22. Pneumatic rod; 3. Induction device; 31. Induction seat; 32. Contactor; 4. Sliding device; 41. Wire rope; 42. Pulley; 5. Measuring device; 51. Measuring column; 52. Measuring seat; 53. Fixing component; 54. Measuring plate; 6. Movable device; 61. Movable rod; 62. 63. Fixed plate; 64. Movable plate; 75. Movable ball; 76. Moving device; 771. Moving part; 78. Moving body; 79. Moving block; 70. Moving rod; 71. Upper elastic element; 72. Lower elastic element; 80. Collision device; 81. Collision ring; 82. Collision bar; 83. Collision block; 94. Air intake device; 95. Long air tube; 96. Intake valve; 97. Short air tube; 98. Main airbag; 99. Secondary airbag; 90. Exhaust valve. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Example

[0042] A material detector for a chain grate furnace gasification furnace, characterized in that it comprises:

[0043] Please see Figures 1-2 The gasifier 1 is used to burn biomass. A feeding auger 11 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the gasifier 1. The feeding auger 11 consists of a motor and auger blades. After the motor starts, the biomass enters the gasifier 1 from the side through the feeding auger 11. After entering the gasifier 1, the biomass continues to move forward under the push of the auger blades, thereby achieving the effect of horizontal and uniform material distribution on the chain belt of the chain grate 12. The chain grate 12 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gasifier 1. The chain grate 12 consists of a motor and a chain belt. After the motor starts, the chain belt moves to the right, driving the biomass to distribute to the right, thereby achieving uniform material distribution throughout the gasifier.

[0044] Please see Figures 1-4 The material detector 13 is used to understand the distribution of biomass material in the furnace during production and to control the material level. The material detector 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the gasifier 1, and is located on one side of the feeding port of the feeding auger 11, as shown in the attached drawings of the instruction manual. Figure 2 It can be seen that the upper part of the feeding auger 11 is the most likely place to cause material shortage. If there is a material shortage, it may cause the entire upper side of the gasifier 1 to be short of material. Therefore, a material detector 13 needs to be installed on one side of the feeding auger 11. The material detector 13 consists of a bracket 131, a pneumatic device 2, a sensing device 3, a sliding device 4, and a measuring device 5. The bottom end of the bracket 131 is fixedly connected to the top end of the gasifier 1.

[0045] Please see Figures 3-5 A pneumatic device 2 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the bracket 131. Specifically, the pneumatic device 2 includes:

[0046] Cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to bracket 131 by screws on one side of the top and bottom ends, and cylinder 21 is located in the lower half of bracket 131, used to control the up and down movement of cylinder rod 22.

[0047] The lower end of the air rod 22 is movably connected to the cylinder 21. The air rod 22 can move up and down under the action of the cylinder 21, thereby pulling the sliding device 4 to move.

[0048] The upper end of the air rod 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air seat, which is used to connect the air rod 22 and the steel wire rope 41, so that the air rod 22 can drive the sliding device 4 to move.

[0049] Please see Figures 3-5 A sensing device 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pneumatic device 2. Specifically, the sensing device 3 includes:

[0050] The sensing seat 31 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pneumatic device 2, and a sensor is installed inside the sensing seat 31. After receiving the signal, the sensor can transmit it to the control terminal to provide accurate material level information to the control terminal.

[0051] The contactor 32 has an open slot at the end of the sensing base 31 near the measuring device 5, and the contactor 32 is movably engaged in the open slot. The contactor 32 is connected to the sensor by a wire. After being hit, the contactor 32 can transmit the collision signal to the sensor in the sensing base 31 to record the material level in the gasifier 1.

[0052] The support pad is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the contactor 32 and the other side of the support pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the open slot. The support pad has support elasticity and is used to support the contactor 32 and keep the contactor 32 in a horizontal state when the contactor 32 is not subjected to impact force. At the same time, it improves the buffering effect between the sensing base 31 and the contactor 32 and effectively protects the sensing base 31 and the contactor 32 from damage.

[0053] Please see Figures 3-4 , Figure 6 The top end of the pneumatic device 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding device 4, and the other end of the sliding device 4 is fixedly connected to the measuring device 5. Specifically, the sliding device 4 includes:

[0054] The wire rope 41 has one end fixedly connected to the air seat and the other end fixedly connected to the measuring device 5. The adjustable wire rope 41 is generally made of multiple wire ropes bundled together. It has a certain elasticity and buffering effect, which can absorb impact and vibration, thereby balancing and dispersing the load and ensuring the safety of the measuring device 5 when it is lifted.

[0055] There are two pulleys 42, and the top of the pulley 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the bracket 131. The steel wire rope 41 passes through the two pulleys 42 and slides in contact with the two pulleys 42. The setting of the pulleys 42 can change the direction of the steel wire rope 41, so as to realize the pneumatic device 2 to control the measuring device 5 to move up and down.

[0056] Please see Figures 3-4 , Figures 7-12The measuring device 5 is movably connected to the top of the gasifier 1, and the lower half of the measuring device 5 is located inside the gasifier 1. Specifically, the measuring device 5 includes:

[0057] Measuring column 51 is cylindrical, and its length is set according to the actual situation of gasifier 1, so that it can effectively extend into gasifier 1 to detect the material level.

[0058] Measuring seat 52 is fixedly installed at the top of measuring column 51, and one end of measuring seat 52 is fixedly connected to wire rope 41 to realize the connection between sliding device 4 and measuring device 5.

[0059] The fixing member 53 is movably sleeved on the outside of the measuring column 51, and the outer wall of the fixing member 53 is fixedly sleeved with the top of the gasifier 1. The fixing member 53 restricts the measuring column 51 to a certain position at the top of the gasifier 1, so that the measuring column 51 can only move up and down at this position, ensuring the stability of the measuring column 51.

[0060] The measuring plate 54 is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the measuring column 51. The top view of the measuring plate 54 is annular, and the bottom surface of the measuring plate 54 is larger than that of the measuring column 51, which can increase the contact area between the measuring device 5 and the biomass material, making the detection closer to the real plane. The front view of the measuring plate 54 is a frustum shape that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which allows the side walls of the measuring plate 54 to be designed with inclination, ensuring that not too much biomass material remains on the measuring plate 54.

[0061] The pneumatic device 2 controls the movement of the sliding device 4, which in turn drives the measuring device 5 to move up and down. When the measuring device 5 comes into contact with the biomass material, the measuring device 5 collides with the sensing device 3 and transmits the collision signal to the control terminal. The control terminal issues a command to control the feeding frequency of the gasifier 1. The operating frequency of the probe 13 is set by the pneumatic device 2 and controlled to operate once every 30 seconds, thereby achieving real-time control of the material level in the gasifier 1. Example

[0062] Based on Embodiment 1, the measuring device 5 further includes:

[0063] Please see Figures 8-14 The movable device 6 has a circular cavity inside the measuring column 51, and is movably disposed inside the cavity to connect the moving device 7 and the collision device 8. The components of the movable device 6 are made of lightweight, high-temperature resistant, and high-hardness materials, such as silicon carbide, which facilitates movement and avoids easy wear. Specifically, the movable device 6 includes:

[0064] The movable rod 61 is movably sleeved inside the circular cavity, and the length of the movable rod 61 is shorter than that of the circular cavity. The movable rod 61 can move up and down inside the circular cavity to push the collision device 8.

[0065] There are two fixed plates 62, and the fixed plates 62 are fixedly sleeved in the middle of the cavity of the measuring column 51. The movable rod 61 is movably sleeved with the fixed plate 62 to limit the movement range of the movable device 6, so that the movable rod 61 can only move vertically and a small distance, improve the movement stability of the movable rod 61, and avoid excessive movement of the movable device 6 that could damage the measuring column 51.

[0066] The movable plate 63 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod 61 located between the two fixed plates 62, and the movable plate 63 is connected to the fixed plates 62 by a buffer spring. Since the movable plate 63 is restricted within the fixed plates 62, the movement range of the movable rod 61 is effectively defined, preventing the movable rod 61 from moving excessively. At the same time, the buffer spring on the movable plate 63 has a buffering effect on the movement of the movable rod 61, effectively reducing the instantaneous impact force of the movement of the movable rod 61 and its components on the measuring column 51, and improving the protection of the internal components of the measuring device 5.

[0067] The movable ball 64 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod 61 corresponding to the position of the collision device 8. When the movable rod 61 moves the movable ball 64, it can push the collision device 8 to move and change its shape. The bottom end of the movable rod 61 is fixedly connected to the movable ball 64, which can ensure that the movable ball 64 can be fixed on the moving device 7 to achieve synchronous movement of the moving device 7 and the movable device 6. The movable ball 64 is spherical in shape, and the diameter of the movable ball 64 is equal to the diameter of the circular cavity, ensuring that the movable ball 64 can move freely in the circular cavity.

[0068] Please see Figures 8-10 , Figures 12-13 The moving device 7 has an inclined cavity inside the measuring plate 54. Four connecting holes are provided at the connection points between the measuring column 51 and the measuring plate 54. The moving device 7 is positioned within the inclined cavity and the circular cavity through these connecting holes. When the bottom of the measuring device 5 contacts the biomass material, the moving device 7 is pushed upwards, indirectly causing the movable device 6 to move upwards, providing power for the subsequent collision device 8. The components of the moving device 7 are made of lightweight, high-temperature resistant, and high-hardness materials, such as silicon carbide, which facilitates movement and avoids easy wear. Specifically, the moving device 7 includes:

[0069] The movable component 71 is cross-shaped, and its four sides are movably connected to the connecting holes. The center of the movable component 71 is located in a circular cavity, and its four sides are located in an inclined cavity. The movable component 71 is restricted by the connecting holes, so that the movable component 71 can only move up and down within the range of the connecting holes. The top of the movable component 71 is provided with a top groove, and the movable component 71 is movably engaged with the movable ball 64 through the top groove. The movable component 71 and the movable ball 64 can move synchronously after installation and can be easily disassembled during replacement, effectively ensuring the stability of the connection between the movable device 7 and the movable device 6.

[0070] The movable body 72 and the movable component 71 have transverse grooves on their four sides. The movable component 71 is movably connected to the movable body 72 through the transverse grooves. One side of the movable body 72 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove by a compression spring, and the other side of the movable body 72 is in contact with the inner wall of the inclined cavity. The distance of the movable body 72 extending out of the transverse groove is adjusted according to the height of the movable component 71 to ensure that the movable body 72 is always in contact with the inner wall of the inclined cavity, thereby improving the stability of the overall vertical movement of the movable device 7. Several movable blocks 721 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable body 72 located inside the transverse groove. The movable blocks 721 are semi-cylindrical in shape. When the movable body 72 drives the movable blocks 721 to move back and forth horizontally, the movable blocks 721 intermittently push the movable rod 73, effectively driving the movable rod 73 to swing, thereby loosening the biomass material by the movable rod 73 and preventing the biomass material from being excessively compressed and flattened by the measuring plate 54.

[0071] The four bottom ends of the movable rod 73 and the movable component 71 are fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the upper elastic component 731, and the inner ring of the upper elastic component 731 is fixedly sleeved with the upper half of the outer wall of the movable rod 73. The bottom end of the measuring plate 54, corresponding to the position of the upper elastic component 731, is fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the lower elastic component 732, and the inner ring of the lower elastic component 732 is movably sleeved with the lower half of the outer wall of the movable rod 73. The top end of the movable rod 73 is located in the transverse groove of the movable component 71, and the bottom end of the movable rod 73 is located in the lower part of the measuring plate 54. The movable rod 73 can move up and down within the measuring plate 54, thereby enabling the overall movement of the moving device 7. The movable rod 73 is located at the outermost edge of the four sides of the moving part 71, and the top of the movable rod 73 is spherical. The movable rod 73 can swing left and right on the moving part 71 under the action of the moving body 72, thereby loosening the biomass material. The upper elastic member 731 and the lower elastic member 732 have supporting elasticity, which can ensure that there is space for the movable rod 73 to swing on the moving part 71 and the measuring plate 54.

[0072] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figures 14-15The collision device 8 is located on the upper part of the movable device 6 and above the fixed part 53. There are several collision devices 8, with equal spacing between each pair, used to expand the detection range of the measuring device 5. This allows for accurate detection of the material level at a specific location in the gasifier 1, enabling the operator to promptly add or stop material feeding. The uppermost collision device 8 is called the low-level collision device 8, and the lowermost collision device 8 is called the high-level collision device 8. When the low-level collision device 8 collides with the sensing device 3, biomass material needs to be added to the furnace; when the high-level collision device 8 collides with the sensing device 3, material feeding stops. Specifically, the collision device 8 includes:

[0073] The collision ring 81 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the measuring column 51. The collision ring 81 is a ring with a notch, and the notch of the collision ring 81 has external grooves on both sides for connecting the collision strip 82.

[0074] The collision strip 82 and collision ring 81 are movably connected to the collision strip 82 through a notch. Collision blocks 821 are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the collision strip 82. The collision blocks 821 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer groove through a tension spring. The edge of this end of the collision strip 82 is arc-shaped and conforms to the curvature of the collision ring 81. The other end of the collision strip 82 passes through the measuring column 51 and contacts the movable ball 64. This end of the collision strip 82 is located in the upper half of the movable ball 64, and the shape of the collision strip 82 conforms to the movable ball 64. When the movable ball 64 moves upward, it can push the collision strip 82 outward, realizing the collision strip 82 colliding with the contactor 32. When the movable ball 64 moves downward, it can push the collision strip 82 back under the force of the tension spring, realizing the collision strip 82 returning to form a complete circle on the outer edge of the collision device 8, avoiding the collision strip 82 colliding with the contactor 32, reducing the collision frequency, and improving the protection of both. Example

[0075] Based on Example 2, please refer to Figures 7-12 , Figure 16 The measuring device 5 also includes:

[0076] An air intake device 9 is installed inside the gasifier 1 to transfer air from outside the gasifier 1 to above the measuring plate 54. This ensures thorough cleaning of the biomass material on the measuring plate 54 and effective cooling of the measuring device 54. It should be noted that since air is continuously supplied to the measuring plate 54, the amount of air supplied at this location must be adjusted promptly to ensure that the air content inside the gasifier 1 is suitable for biomass fuel combustion. Specifically, the air intake device 9 includes:

[0077] The long air tube 91 is fixedly sleeved inside the measuring column 51 on the side away from the collision bar 82, and is used for air to move from top to bottom.

[0078] An air intake valve 92 is fixedly connected to the top end of the long air pipe 91, and the air intake valve 92 is located outside the measuring column 51. The air intake valve 92 is a one-way valve, and the airflow direction is from the outside of the air intake valve 92 to the inside, which is used to discharge outside air into the long air pipe 91.

[0079] The main airbag 94 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity below the collision device 8. The main airbag 94 is annular and has the ability to deform under force and return to its original shape when not under force. It can be vertically compressed when squeezed by the movable ball 64 and vertically expanded when not squeezed by the movable ball 64, so as to continuously discharge outside air into the auxiliary airbag 95 through the main airbag 94.

[0080] The short trachea 93 has one end fixedly connected to one side of the long trachea 91, and the other end fixedly connected to the lower half of the main airbag 94. When the main airbag 94 is compressed, it discharges air into the auxiliary airbag 95 through the long trachea 91 via the short trachea 93. When the main airbag 94 is inflated, it discharges air into the main airbag 94 through the long trachea 91 via the air intake valve 92, thereby achieving intermittent collection of outside air.

[0081] The auxiliary airbag 95 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity above the measuring plate 54. The auxiliary airbag 95 is fixedly connected to the long airbag 91 through the short air tube 93, and is used to transfer the collected air into the auxiliary airbag 95 so that the air can be discharged evenly in the later stage.

[0082] An air outlet valve 96 is provided. One end of the air outlet valve 96 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary air bladder 95, and the other end of the air outlet valve 96 passes through the measuring column 51 and is positioned above the measuring plate 54. There are sixteen air outlet valves 96, which are evenly arranged around the measuring column 51. The air outlet valves 96 are obliquely arranged, and the tilt angle is the same as the slope of the measuring plate 54. The air outlet valves 96 are one-way valves, and the airflow direction is from the inside of the auxiliary air bladder 95 to the outside of the measuring column 51. They are used to discharge the air stored in the auxiliary air bladder 95 to the evenly arranged measuring plate 54, so as to achieve the cleaning of the biomass material on the wall of the measuring plate 54.

[0083] The working principle of the method of using this invention is as follows:

[0084] When the gasifier 1 starts working, the feeding auger 11 and chain grate 12 are activated, causing the biomass to be evenly distributed. At this time, the probe 13 is activated, causing the cylinder 21 to start and push the air rod 22 upward, thereby controlling the movement of the wire rope 41 and realizing the downward movement of the measuring column 51. As the measuring device 5 continuously extends into the gasifier 1 without contacting the biomass, the moving device 7 is placed at the bottom of the measuring plate 54, with most of the moving rod 73 extending out of the measuring plate 54. The movable ball 64 is located below the collision device 8, and the movable ball 64... The main airbag 94 compresses, while the collision strip 82 is not pushed by the movable ball 64. Thus, the collision ring 81 and the collision strip 82 together form a complete circle. Therefore, when the measuring device 5 descends, each collision strip 82 will not contact or collide with the contactor 32, effectively ensuring the stability of the descent and the accuracy of the measurement. When the bottom surface of the measuring plate 54 contacts the biomass, the moving rod 73 is pushed upward by the biomass and moves the moving device 7 away from the bottom of the measuring plate 54. This effectively moves the movable device 6 upward. The moving ball 64 moves away from the main airbag 94 and pushes the collision strip 82 outward. At this time, the collision strip 82, which corresponds to the height of the sensing device 3, will collide with the contactor 32. The contactor 32 transmits the collision signal to the control terminal through the sensor. The control terminal receives the signal and reacts. That is, if the collision device 8 collides with the sensing device 3, the material level data is recorded, thereby expanding the measurement range of the material detector 13 and ensuring that the operator can accurately detect the specific material level at that position in the gasifier 1. At the same time, if the low-level collision device 8 collides with the sensing device 3, biomass needs to be added to the furnace; if the high-level collision device 8 collides with the sensing device 3, biomass needs to be added to the furnace. When the collision sensing device 3 is activated, the feeding inside the furnace is stopped, thereby controlling the feeding frequency of the gasifier 1. When a collision signal is received, the control terminal controls the air rod 22 to move downward, thereby driving the measuring device 5 to move upward. At this time, the movable device 6 and the moving device 7 move downward to restore their original state, and the collision bar 82 moves towards the collision ring 81 until the measuring device 5 returns to its original setting. In summary, the operating frequency of the probe 13 is set by the pneumatic device 2 and controlled to operate once every 30 seconds, that is, the measuring device 5 moves up and down once, thereby achieving real-time control of the material level in the gasifier 1.

[0085] As the measuring device 5 moves up and down to measure the material level, the moving device 7 moves up and down within the measuring plate 54. Due to the shape of the measuring plate 54, the moving body 72 moves horizontally back and forth within the moving part 71. The moving block 721 intermittently pushes the moving rod 73, causing the moving rod 73 to swing continuously. Thus, the end of the moving rod 73 located outside the measuring plate 54 effectively loosens the biomass material, solving the problem of the biomass layer that is flat and compacted due to the pressure of the measuring plate 54 becoming loose. This is the same as the looseness of other biomass layers, improving the biomass combustion effect.

[0086] During the process of measuring the material level by the continuous up-and-down movement of the measuring device 5, the main air bladder 94 is squeezed by the movable ball 64 and repeatedly switches between compression and expansion modes. During the process of the main air bladder 94 changing from compression to expansion, the air outside the gasifier 1 is transferred to the main air bladder 94 by the air inlet valve 92, the long air pipe 91 and the short air pipe 93. During the process of the main air bladder 94 changing from expansion to compression, the air in the main air bladder 94 is transferred to the auxiliary air bladder 95 by the short air pipe 93 and the long air pipe 91, and then evenly discharged by the auxiliary air bladder 95 onto the measuring plate 54, thereby cleaning the biomass material on the surface of the measuring plate 54 and effectively preventing the phenomenon of hammer burial caused by too much biomass material on the measuring plate 54.

Claims

1. A material detector for a chain grate furnace gasification furnace, characterized in that, include: A gasifier (1) is used to realize the combustion of biomass materials. A feeding auger (11) is arranged horizontally in the middle of the gasifier (1), and a chain grate (12) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the interior of the gasifier (1). A feed detector (13) is used to understand the distribution of biomass material in the furnace during production and to control the material level. The feed detector (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the gasifier (1) and is located on one side of the feeding auger (11). The feed detector (13) consists of a support (131), a pneumatic device (2), a sensing device (3), a sliding device (4), and a measuring device (5). The bottom end of the support (131) is fixedly connected to the top of the gasifier (1), and one side of the support (131) is fixedly connected to the top of the gasifier (1). A pneumatic device (2) is fixedly connected to the wall. A sensing device (3) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pneumatic device (2). The top end of the pneumatic device (2) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding device (4), and the other end of the sliding device (4) is fixedly connected to the measuring device (5). The measuring device (5) is movably connected to the top end of the gasifier (1), and the lower half of the measuring device (5) is located inside the gasifier (1). The operating frequency of the probe (13) is set by the pneumatic device (2) and controlled to operate once every 30 seconds. The pneumatic device (2) includes: The cylinder (21) has its top and bottom ends fixedly connected to the bracket (131) by screws, and the cylinder (21) is located in the lower half of the bracket (131). The lower end of the air rod (22) is movably connected to the cylinder (21); The upper end of the air rod (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air seat; The sliding device (4) includes: A steel wire rope (41), one end of which is fixedly connected to the air seat, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the measuring device (5); The pulleys (42) are two in number, and the top of the pulleys (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the bracket (131). The wire rope (41) passes through the two pulleys (42) and slides in contact with the two pulleys (42). The measuring device (5) includes: Measuring column (51), the measuring column (51) is cylindrical, and the length of the measuring column (51) is set according to the actual situation of the gasifier (1); Measuring seat (52), the measuring seat (52) is fixedly installed at the top of the measuring column (51), and the measuring seat (52) is fixedly connected to one end of the wire rope (41); The fastener (53) is movably sleeved on the outside of the measuring column (51), and the outer wall of the fastener (53) is fixedly sleeved with the top of the gasifier (1). Measuring plate (54), the measuring plate (54) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the measuring column (51), the top view of the measuring plate (54) is annular, and the bottom surface of the measuring plate (54) is larger than that of the measuring column (51), the front view of the measuring plate (54) is a frustum shape that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; The movable device (6) has a circular cavity inside the measuring column (51), and the movable device (6) is movably disposed inside the circular cavity for connecting the moving device (7) and the collision device (8). The moving device (7) has an inclined cavity inside the measuring plate (54), and a connecting hole is provided at the connection position of the measuring column (51) and the measuring plate (54), and the number of connecting holes is four. The moving device (7) is set in the inclined cavity and the circular cavity through the connecting hole. When the bottom end of the measuring device (5) contacts the biomass material, the moving device (7) is pushed upward and indirectly drives the moving device (6) upward, providing power for the subsequent collision device (8). Collision device (8), the collision device (8) is set in the upper half of the movable device (6) and the collision device (8) is located above the fixed part (53). There are several collision devices (8), and the interval between each two collision devices (8) is equal. It is used to expand the detection range of the measuring device (5) and can accurately detect the specific material level at this position in the gasifier (1) so that the operator can feed and stop the material in time. The collision device (8) located at the top is called the low-position collision device (8), and the collision device (8) located at the bottom is called the high-position collision device (8). When the low-position collision device (8) collides with the sensing device (3), biomass material needs to be added into the furnace. When the high-position collision device (8) collides with the sensing device (3), the feeding into the furnace stops. Air intake device (9), which is located inside the gasifier (1), is used to transfer air outside the gasifier (1) to the top of the measuring plate (54), so that the biomass on the measuring plate (54) is thoroughly cleaned and the measuring device (5) is effectively cooled. The movable device (6) includes: Movable rod (61), which is movably sleeved in the circular cavity, and the length of the movable rod (61) is shorter than that of the circular cavity; Fixed plate (62), the number of fixed plates (62) is two, and the fixed plate (62) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the cavity of the measuring column (51), and the movable rod (61) is movably sleeved with the fixed plate (62); The movable plate (63) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod (61) located between the two fixed plates (62), and the movable plate (63) and the fixed plate (62) are connected by a buffer spring; The movable ball (64) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod (61) corresponding to the position of the collision device (8). The bottom end of the movable rod (61) is fixedly connected to the movable ball (64). The movable ball (64) is spherical in shape, and the diameter of the movable ball (64) is equal to the diameter of the circular cavity. The mobile device (7) includes: The movable part (71) is cross-shaped, and the four sides of the movable part (71) are movably connected to the connecting hole. The middle part of the movable part (71) is located in the circular cavity, and the four sides of the movable part (71) are located in the inclined cavity. The top of the movable part (71) is provided with a top groove, and the movable part (71) is movably engaged with the movable ball (64) through the top groove. The movable body (72) has transverse grooves on its four sides, and the movable part (71) is movably connected to the movable body (72) through the transverse grooves. One side of the movable body (72) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove through a compression spring, and the other side of the movable body (72) is in contact with the inner wall of the inclined cavity. Several movable blocks (721) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable body (72) located inside the transverse groove, and the movable blocks (721) are semi-cylindrical in shape. The moving rod (73) has its four bottom edges fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the upper elastic member (731), and the inner ring of the upper elastic member (731) fixedly sleeved with the upper half of the outer wall of the moving rod (73). The bottom edge of the measuring plate (54) corresponding to the position of the upper elastic member (731) is fixedly sleeved with the outer ring of the lower elastic member (732), and the inner ring of the lower elastic member (732) is movably sleeved with the lower half of the outer wall of the moving rod (73). The top edge of the moving rod (73) is located in the transverse groove of the moving member (71), and the bottom edge of the moving rod (73) is located below the measuring plate (54). The moving rod (73) is located at the outermost edge of the four sides of the moving member (71), and the top edge of the moving rod (73) is spherical. The upper elastic member (731) and the lower elastic member (732) have supporting elasticity.

2. The material detector for a chain grate furnace gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing device (3) includes: The sensing seat (31) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pneumatic device (2), and a sensor is provided inside the sensing seat (31); The contactor (32) has an open slot at the end of the sensing base (31) near the measuring device (5), and the contactor (32) is movably engaged in the open slot. The contactor (32) is connected to the sensor by a wire. The support pad is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the contactor (32) and to the other side of the support pad, and the support pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the open groove. The support pad has support elasticity.

3. The material detector for a chain grate furnace gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collision device (8) includes: The collision ring (81) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the measuring column (51). The collision ring (81) is a ring with a notch, and the notch of the collision ring (81) has external grooves on both sides. The collision strip (82) is movably connected to the collision ring (81) through a notch, and collision blocks (821) are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the collision strip (82). The collision blocks (821) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer groove through a tension spring. The edge of the collision strip (82) at this end is arc-shaped and adapts to the arc of the collision ring (81). The other end of the collision strip (82) passes through the measuring column (51) and contacts the movable ball (64). This end of the collision strip (82) is located in the upper half of the movable ball (64), and the shape of the collision strip (82) is adapted to the movable ball (64).

4. The material detector for a chain grate furnace gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air extraction device (9) includes: A long air tube (91) is fixedly sleeved inside the measuring column (51) on the side away from the collision strip (82). An intake valve (92) is fixedly connected to the top end of the long air pipe (91), and the intake valve (92) is located outside the measuring column (51). The intake valve (92) is a one-way valve, and the airflow direction is from the outside of the intake valve (92) to the inside. The main airbag (94) is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity below the collision device (8). The main airbag (94) is annular and has the ability to deform under force and return to its original shape when not under force. A short trachea (93), one end of which is fixedly connected to one side of a long trachea (91), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the lower half of the main airbag (94). A secondary airbag (95) is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the circular cavity above the measuring plate (54). The secondary airbag (95) is fixedly connected to the long airbag (91) through a short air tube (93). An air outlet valve (96) is provided. One end of the air outlet valve (96) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary airbag (95). The other end of the air outlet valve (96) passes through the measuring column (51) and is located above the measuring plate (54). There are sixteen air outlet valves (96) and they are evenly arranged around the measuring column (51). The air outlet valve (96) is set at an angle and the angle of inclination is the same as that of the inclined surface of the measuring plate (54). The air outlet valve (96) is a one-way valve and the airflow direction is from the inside of the auxiliary airbag (95) to the outside of the measuring column (51).

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