A high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hot blast furnaces, specifically a high-air-temperature hot blast furnace with an air self-preheating and environmentally friendly device. A combustion chamber is disposed within the internal vault of the furnace body, a baffle assembly is fixedly mounted below the combustion chamber, and a regenerator is disposed between the baffle assembly and a double-layered grate. The double-layered grate is fixedly mounted to the bottom of the regenerator and is fixedly connected to a motor. The double-layered grate rotates to drive the baffle assembly to switch between modes. The present invention addresses the problem of how to achieve a balanced degree of automation in switching between combustion and air supply modes during the operation of the hot blast furnace while maximizing the utilization of the thermal energy stored in the regenerator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hot blast furnaces, in particular to a high-temperature hot blast furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device. Background Art

[0002] Hot blast furnaces are mainly used in high-temperature intensified smelting technology. Hot blast furnaces are one of the main supporting equipment for blast furnaces. Generally, a blast furnace needs to be equipped with at least two hot blast furnaces. The main function of the hot blast furnace is to continuously provide high-temperature hot air for the blast furnace. The basic principle is to introduce coal gas and air for combustion. The flue gas generated by the combustion flows downward and passes through the lattice bricks in the heat storage chamber. The high-temperature flue gas heats the lattice bricks, thereby achieving the purpose of heat storage. Then the high-temperature flue gas can be discharged through the flue at the bottom of the furnace body. After the combustion is completed, the hot blast furnace starts the air supply mode, and a large amount of cold air is introduced from the bottom of the furnace body. The cold air circulates upward and is heated into hot air through the lattice bricks in the heat storage chamber. Finally, it is sent into the blast furnace through the hot air outlet to achieve the ultimate purpose of the hot blast furnace. Among the various hot blast furnaces, each hot blast furnace has certain advantages and disadvantages. In blast furnace refining technology, how to increase the wind temperature is the most important research direction.

[0003] Among the various types of hot blast furnaces, each has certain advantages and disadvantages. In blast furnace refining technology, improving blast temperature is a key research topic. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, intermittent regenerative hot blast furnaces have become mainstream products. Top-fired hot blast furnaces, in particular, feature a furnace structure consisting of a combustion chamber, regenerative chamber, and grate from top to bottom, and a vaulted roof design to enhance furnace stability. By combining the advantages of other hot blast furnace types while minimizing their disadvantages, they have become the most advanced hot blast furnace structure and are widely used.

[0004] However, when the hot blast furnace is in the combustion stage, air and gas are introduced to mix and burn. Due to the low temperature of the air and gas, incomplete combustion will occur directly under the action of the burner, resulting in low thermal efficiency. When the combustion stage is completed, the air supply mode is immediately turned on. At this time, a large amount of cold air is blown in and passes through the heat storage chamber. It is difficult to ensure that the cold air passes through the heat storage chamber evenly, which will cause the heat energy stored in the heat storage chamber to not be fully utilized. At the same time, the discharge of flue gas involves environmental protection issues.

[0005] To this end, the existing technology has provided some solutions. By designing a device equivalent to an "auxiliary furnace" outside the furnace body, the waste heat of the exhaust flue gas is recovered and utilized, and at the same time, the waste heat is transferred to the air using a heat transfer device, thereby achieving the preheating of the combustion air while treating the flue gas. The existing technology scientifically utilizes energy conversion to solve the problem of preheating the combustion air, but has failed to solve the problem of how to automatically convert the two modes of combustion and air supply to ensure full utilization of the energy of the heat storage chamber during the air supply stage.

[0006] In view of this, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, during the operation of the hot blast stove, it is difficult to balance the degree of automation of the switching between the combustion and air supply modes and the maximum utilization of the heat energy stored in the regenerator.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a high-air-temperature hot blast furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device, which includes a furnace body, a combustion chamber, a heat storage chamber, a baffle assembly and a double-layer grate. A combustion chamber for mixed combustion of air and gas is provided at the internal arch of the furnace body. A baffle assembly for establishing and cutting off the connection between the combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber is fixedly installed between the combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber. A double-layer grate for driving the baffle assembly to switch between the two states of hot air delivery and smoke circulation is fixedly installed below the heat storage chamber. The double-layer grate is fixedly connected to a motor.

[0010] Before the hot blast furnace begins combustion, the damper assembly seals the gas and air inlets, preventing them from communicating. During combustion, the damper assembly establishes a connection between the combustion chamber and the regenerator. The gas and air inlets open when the damper assembly is stretched, allowing gas and combustion air to enter. The gas and combustion air first enter the combustion chamber for combustion. The resulting flue gas passes through the damper assembly and enters the regenerator, heating the checker bricks there before being discharged along the left path. A double-layer grate controls the opening and closing of the cold air inlet at the bottom of the furnace. When combustion is complete, the damper assembly switches to a closed state, severing the connection between the combustion chamber and the regenerator. The cold air inlet then needs to be opened for air supply. The motor drives the grate, which moves the protrusions on the grate away from the inlet, opening the cold air inlet. The incoming cold air passes through the checker bricks in the regenerator, becoming hot air. The hot air then flows upward and exits the hot air outlet to the blast furnace.

[0011] Preferably, an air inlet and a gas inlet connected to the outside world are provided at a horizontal position on one side of the furnace body directly connected to the combustion chamber, the air inlet is located below the gas inlet, and a hot air outlet connected to the blast furnace is provided on the other side of the furnace body. The ratio of the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet to the distance between the air inlet and the hot air outlet is 1:4, and the reserved size of the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet is kept consistent with the size of the baffle assembly to achieve automatic opening and closing. A hot air outlet connected to the blast furnace is provided on the other side of the furnace body, and a flue gas outlet and a cold air inlet are provided at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0012] The flue gas channel opened on the furnace body is provided with an on-off valve, and other gas channels realize the on-off state through the operation of the internal structure of the furnace body. First, in the combustion link, the protrusion on the double-layer grate blocks the cold air inlet, so that the cold air cannot enter, and the reserved size of the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet is consistent with the size of the baffle assembly. When the double-layer grate rotates, the driving connection device drives the baffle assembly between the heat storage chamber and the combustion chamber to switch the shape, so that the gas inlet and air inlet on the side of the furnace body arch are opened, and the flue gas can circulate at the same time. When the double-layer grate rotates one circle, the protrusion moves The cold air inlet is opened, and the connecting device is driven at the same time to close the gas inlet and the air inlet. At this time, cold air can be introduced for the air supply link. The ratio of the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet to the distance between the air inlet and the hot air outlet is designed to be 1:4, ensuring that the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet is short, so that the air and gas in the combustion link are mixed in time and fully after introduction, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. At the same time, the distance between the air inlet and the hot air outlet is designed to be far away to avoid air and gas residue at the air inlet after the combustion link is completed, which will interfere with the hot air output in the subsequent air supply link.

[0013] Preferably, the baffle assembly includes an air baffle, a smoke baffle and a connecting device, the connecting device is fixedly installed in the furnace wall, the uppermost end of the connecting device is slidingly connected to the air baffle, and the left end of the smoke baffle is spirally connected to the connecting device, and the connection is located 20 cm below the connection between the connecting device and the air baffle, and a mixing plate is installed between the air baffle and the smoke baffle.

[0014] The combustion process is by no means a simple combustion. To maximize combustion efficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the incoming gas and combustion air are fully mixed. Air baffles are installed horizontally with the air inlet and gas inlet. The structure of the air baffles allows the air and gas to circulate in an interlaced manner, achieving the purpose of full mixing. At the same time, the connection device connects the air baffle and the smoke baffle, and the distance between them is designed to be 20cm. This can ensure that when the smoke baffle switches working state, that is, when the blades on the smoke baffle flip angle, there will be no interference with the air baffle.

[0015] Preferably, the double-layer grate is disc-shaped, and includes a supporting and fixed grate No. 1 and a rotatable grate No. 2. The upper surface of the grate No. 2 is provided with a regular array of long through holes, and a protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer side of the grate No. 2, and the size of the protrusion is the same as the size of the cold air inlet at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0016] The grate is arranged below the heat storage chamber, and mainly supports the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber and provides space for the cold air to enter from below. In this design, the grate is designed to be double-layered. The No. 1 grate is the first layer, and it also supports the checker bricks. The second layer is the No. 2 grate. The No. 2 grate is fixedly connected to the motor. During the rotation of the No. 2 grate, it can drive the connecting rod connected to the left end, thereby driving the shape switching of the baffle assembly. At the same time, the rotation of the No. 2 grate is closely related to the opening and closing of the cold air inlet at the bottom of the furnace body. The design size of the protrusion is the same as the size of the cold air inlet at the bottom of the furnace body, so that at the beginning of the combustion link, the protrusion on the No. 2 grate presses against the cold air inlet, thereby making the air supply link in a closed state. When the No. 2 grate starts to rotate, the protrusion leaves the cold air inlet, the combustion link ends, and the air supply starts. At the same time, the through holes on the upper surface of the No. 2 grate are set to be long strips, so that the incoming cold air first passes through the No. 2 grate evenly, and then passes through the lattice bricks in the heat storage chamber evenly, thereby maximizing the energy utilization of the heat storage chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the left end of the air baffle is slidably connected to a slider, the slider is sleeved on the pull rod, the left end of the pull rod is hinged with a push rod, the pull rod and the push rod are perpendicular to each other, the push rod is sleeved with a slider, the slider is fixedly connected to the slider through a connecting rod, and the angle between the connecting rod and the pull rod and the push rod is 45 degrees.

[0018] The air baffle's shape switching is achieved through a device connected to its left end. The slider is slidably connected to the device connected below the push rod. Driven by the connection device below, the slider can move up and down. When the slider moves upward, due to the restraint of the connecting rod, it drives the slider to move to the left. The right end of the slider is fixed to the air baffle, which in turn drives the air baffle to switch its shape. The angle between the connecting rod, the pull rod, and the push rod is designed to be 45 degrees. This ensures that when the push rod moves upward under the action of the slider, the connecting rod acts to make the slider move to the left the same distance it moves upward. In turn, the distance the air baffle extends and retracts is consistent with the distance the connection device moves, ensuring maximum mechanical energy utilization.

[0019] Preferably, the smoke baffle is disc-shaped, and the left end of the smoke baffle is fixedly connected to a worm gear, the left end of the worm gear cooperates with the worm, and the lower end of the worm is fixedly connected to a support rod, and the support rod is fixed by a slot installed on the furnace body, and the lower end of the support rod is hinged with a transmission rod, and the transmission rod forms an angle of 120° with the horizontal plane, and a roller is installed at the end of the transmission rod, and the roller is installed in a slide rail, and a slider is slidably connected in the slide rail, and the slider is fixedly connected to the No. 2 grate through a rocker.

[0020] The function of the flue gas baffle is to regulate the flow path of flue gas and cold air. When the No. 2 grate rotates, the rocker is driven to move to the left. The left end of the rocker is fixedly connected to the slider. The slider and the roller are both arranged in the slide rail. The movement of the rocker drives the roller to move to the left. The roller is hinged with a transmission rod. The transmission rod was originally in a tilted state with an inclination angle of 120°. If the inclination angle is too large, the driving force generated by the No. 2 grate to drive the transmission rod will increase, and the distance the support rod moves upward will increase. However, if the inclination angle is too large, it will interfere with the rotation of the No. 2 grate on the right. Therefore, the inclination angle should not be too large. If the inclination angle is too small, the No. 2 grate drives the transmission rod, and the effect of driving the support rod to move upward is not obvious, so the designed inclination angle is 120°. The movement of the roller allows the transmission rod to move to the left, but due to the limitations of the slot and the support rod, the roller is limited in driving the transmission rod to move to the left. The rolling of the roller drives the transmission rod angle to change, thereby causing the transmission rod to change from an inclined state to a vertical state, thereby pushing the support rod slidingly connected in the left end slot to move upward. A worm is connected to the upper end of the support rod. The upward movement of the worm drives the matching worm wheel at the right end to rotate, thereby realizing the shape switching of the flue gas damper.

[0021] The air baffle is shaped like a fence. Driven by a slider, it switches between telescopic and retractable states to open and close the air and gas inlets. When the air baffle is retracted, the rightmost plate blocks the gas and air inlets. When the air baffle is extended, the rightmost plate moves away from the gas and air inlets, switching between open and closed states of the gas passage. The fence-like, crisscross structure ensures uniform mixing of the incoming gas and combustion air, achieving full combustion and maximizing combustion efficiency.

[0022] The smoke damper is in the form of a louver structure, and the smoke damper changes the angle of the louver under the drive of the support rod to realize the opening and closing state of the damper. The smoke damper is designed as a louver structure. Under the drive of the No. 2 grate, the support rod moves upward, driving the worm gear structure to operate, so that the blades on the smoke damper can flip the angle. During the air supply stage, the incoming cold air is evenly heated by the heat storage chamber, and then the blades are opened to allow the cold air to pass evenly and finally enter the blast furnace from the hot air outlet. During the combustion stage, the blades are driven to close, and the smoke generated by the combustion can only pass through the hole on the left side of the smoke damper and then enter the heat storage chamber. This concentrates the smoke and allows the heat to accumulate, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency.

[0023] Preferably, the angle range of the blade flipping on the smoke baffle is limited to 0° to 45°, and the hinge point between the blade and the smoke baffle is set on the left side.

[0024] When the flue gas damper is in the air supply state, the blades must be in the open state, and the blades are flipped under the drive of the worm gear device. Cold air enters from the right side of the bottom of the furnace body, and then reaches the flue gas damper through the heat storage chamber. Since the hot air outlet is on the right side above the flue gas damper, in order to concentrate and efficiently output the hot air from the hot air outlet, the hinge point of the blade and the flue gas damper is set on the left side of the blade, and the blade only needs to be flipped 45° under the drive of the worm gear device, which can ensure that the channel between the blades is inclined toward the hot air outlet, thereby realizing the concentrated and efficient flow of hot air to the hot air outlet.

[0025] Preferably, the left end of the mixing plate is fixedly connected to the furnace wall, a gap is left between the right end of the mixing plate and the furnace wall, and the distance ratio between the mixing plate and the air baffle and between the mixing plate and the flue gas baffle is 2:1.

[0026] In the operation mode of the hot blast furnace, both the combustion link and the air supply link are indispensable. During the combustion link, the air and gas introduced from the right side of the furnace body are mixed and burned. The distance ratio between the mixing plate and the air baffle and the mixing plate and the flue gas baffle is 2:1. At this time, the mixing plate is close to the air baffle. Under the obstruction of the mixing plate, the air and gas can be fully mixed and burned and flow downward from the right side gap along the plate. At the same time, the mixing plate is above the hot air outlet. When the combustion link ends and the air supply link is turned on, the cold air introduced is fully heated by the heat storage chamber, and then flows to the hot air outlet under the joint guidance of the flue gas baffle and the mixing plate, thereby achieving the purpose of centralized and efficient hot air transportation.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. The high-air-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device of the present invention adopts a double-layer structure of the grate and makes the second layer rotate by itself to realize the upward movement of the push rod connected to the grate, and then cooperates with the worm gear mechanism to realize the shape switching of the baffle assembly, which can standardize the exhaust path of the flue gas and further concentrate the heat energy of the flue gas to improve the heat storage efficiency.

[0029] 2. The high-air-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device of the present invention is designed to have a baffle assembly structure so that the baffle assembly drives the air inlet and the gas inlet to open and close while switching the form, thereby improving the degree of automation of switching between the combustion and air supply modes.

[0030] 3. The high-air-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device of the present invention achieves the effect of the first layer supporting the rotation of the second layer by changing the structure of the double-layer grate. The rotation of the second layer drives the opening and closing state conversion of the cold air inlet, while improving the uniformity of the cold air passing through the heat storage chamber, thereby maximizing the energy utilization rate of the heat storage chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1It is an appearance diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the baffle assembly and the No. 2 grate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of the air baffle driving device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a front view of the connection between the baffle assembly and the second grate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the smoke damper form switching drive of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged view of the smoke damper driving device of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 101. gas inlet; 102. air inlet; 103. hot air outlet; 104. cold air inlet; 105. flue gas outlet; 2. combustion chamber; 3. heat storage chamber; 4. baffle assembly; 41. air baffle; 411. pull rod; 412. push rod; 413. connecting rod; 414. slider; 42. flue gas baffle; 421. hole; 422. sealing plate; 423. blade; 43. connecting device; 431. worm; 432. worm gear; 433. support rod; 434. transmission rod; 435. roller; 436. limit rod; 5. double-layer grate; 51. No. 1 grate; 52. No. 2 grate; 521. bump; 522. rocker; 6. slide rail; 7. slot; 8. mixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a high-air-temperature hot blast furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device comprises a furnace body 1, a combustion chamber 2, a heat storage chamber 3, a baffle assembly 4 and a double-layer grate 5. A combustion chamber 2 for mixed combustion of air and gas is provided at the internal dome of the furnace body 1. A baffle assembly 4 for establishing and cutting off the connection between the combustion chamber 2 and the heat storage chamber 3 is fixedly installed. A double-layer grate 5 for driving the baffle assembly 4 to switch between the two states of hot air delivery and flue gas circulation is fixedly installed below the heat storage chamber 3. The double-layer grate 5 is fixedly connected to a motor.

[0041] Before the hot blast stove combustion link is started, the baffle assembly 4 closes the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102, so that the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102 cannot be connected, that is, they are in a closed state. During the combustion process, the working state of the baffle assembly 4 establishes a connection between the combustion chamber 2 and the heat storage chamber 3. The gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102 are opened in the stretched state of the baffle assembly 4, so that the gas and combustion-supporting air can pass in. The gas and combustion-supporting air first enter the combustion chamber 2 for combustion. The smoke generated after combustion passes through the baffle assembly 4 into the heat storage chamber 3, and is discharged along the left path after heating the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber 3. The double-layer grate 5 can control the opening and closing state of the cold air inlet 104 at the bottom of the furnace body 1. When the combustion is completed, the baffle assembly 4 changes the working state and cuts off the connection between the combustion chamber 2 and the heat storage chamber 3. At this time, the cold air inlet 104 needs to be opened for air supply. The motor is turned on to drive the double-layer grate 5 to rotate. During the rotation of the double-layer grate 5, the protrusion 521 integrated with the double-layer grate 5 moves away from the entrance, thereby opening the cold air inlet 104, realizing the conversion of the opening and closing state of the cold air inlet 104. The incoming cold air passes through the checkered bricks of the heat storage chamber 3 and becomes hot air. The hot air circulates upward and finally passes through the hot air outlet 103 to reach the blast furnace.

[0042] An air inlet 102 and a gas inlet 101 connected to the outside world are provided at a horizontal position on one side of the furnace body 1 directly connected to the combustion chamber 2. The air inlet 102 is located below the gas inlet 101. A hot air outlet 103 connected to the blast furnace is provided on the other side of the furnace body 1. The ratio of the distance between the air inlet 102 and the gas inlet 101 to the distance between the air inlet 102 and the hot air outlet 103 is 1:4. The reserved size of the distance between the air inlet 102 and the gas inlet 101 is kept consistent with the size of the baffle assembly 4 to achieve automatic opening and closing. A hot air outlet 103 connected to the blast furnace is provided on the other side of the furnace body 1, and a flue gas outlet 105 and a cold air inlet 104 are provided at the bottom of the furnace body 1.

[0043] The flue gas channel opened on the furnace body 1 is provided with a switch valve, and other gas channels realize the switch state through the operation of the internal structure of the furnace body 1. First, in the combustion link, the protrusion 521 on the double-layer grate 5 blocks the cold air inlet 104, so that the cold air cannot enter. In the process of the rotation of the double-layer grate 5, the double-layer grate 5 drives the connecting device 43 to move, thereby driving the baffle assembly 4 between the heat storage chamber 3 and the combustion chamber 2 to switch the state. The switching state of the baffle assembly 4 eventually opens the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102 on the dome side of the furnace body 1, and at the same time allows the flue gas to circulate. After the double-layer grate 5 rotates one circle, it is connected to the double-layer grate 5. The protrusion 521 of the body moves the cold air inlet 104 away, and at the same time drives the baffle assembly 4 to switch its shape again, thereby closing the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102. At this time, cold air can be introduced for the air supply link. The ratio of the distance between the gas inlet and the distance between the air inlet and the hot air outlet is designed to be 1:4, ensuring that the distance between the air inlet and the gas inlet is short, so that the air and gas in the combustion link are mixed in time and fully after being introduced, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. At the same time, the distance between the air inlet and the hot air outlet is designed to be far away to avoid air and gas residue at the air inlet after the combustion link is completed, which will interfere with the hot air output in the subsequent air supply link.

[0044] like Figures 3 and 4 As shown, the baffle assembly 4 includes an air baffle 41, a smoke baffle 42 and a connecting device 43. The connecting device 43 is fixedly installed in the furnace wall. The lower end of the connecting device 43 is slidingly connected to the double-layer grate 5, and the upper end of the connecting device 43 is slidingly connected to the air baffle 41. The left end of the smoke baffle 42 is spirally connected to the connecting device 43. The connection point is located 20 cm below the connection between the connecting device 43 and the air baffle 41. A mixing plate 8 is installed between the air baffle 41 and the smoke baffle 42.

[0045] The combustion process is by no means a simple combustion. In order to maximize the combustion efficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the incoming coal gas and combustion-supporting air are fully mixed. An air baffle 41 is set in the horizontal direction of the air inlet 102 and the gas inlet 101. The structure of the air baffle 41 allows the air and coal gas to circulate in an alternating manner, which can achieve the purpose of full mixing. At the same time, the connecting device 43 connects the air baffle 41 and the smoke baffle 42. During the process of switching the form of the smoke baffle 42, the angle of the blades 423 on the smoke baffle 42 in the combustion stage is flipped to horizontal under the action of the limit rod 436 fixedly connected to the support rod 433, blocking the smoke from flowing downward over a large area, thereby regulating the path of the smoke flowing to the heat storage chamber 3. In the air supply stage, the angle of the blades 423 on the smoke baffle 42 is flipped 45° to a vertical state, thereby allowing a large amount of cold air to pass through evenly. The distance between the air baffle 41 and the smoke baffle 42 is designed to be 20 cm, thereby preventing the blades 423 on the smoke baffle 42 from interfering with the air baffle 41 when flipping, and ultimately achieving their respective functions.

[0046] The double-layer grate 5 is disc-shaped and includes a supporting and fixed grate No. 1 51 and a rotatable grate No. 2 52. A regular array of long through holes 421 is provided on the upper surface of the grate No. 2 52. A protrusion 521 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the grate No. 2 52. The size of the protrusion 521 is the same as the size of the cold air inlet 104 at the bottom of the furnace body 1.

[0047] The double-layer grate 5 is arranged below the regenerator 3, mainly supporting the checker bricks in the regenerator 3 and providing space for the cold air to enter from below. In this design, the grate is designed to be double-layered. The first grate 51 is the first layer, which also supports the checker bricks. The second layer is the second grate 52. The second grate 52 is fixedly connected to the motor. During the rotation of the second grate 52, it can drive the rocker 522 connected to the left end, thereby The shape of the driving baffle assembly 4 is switched. At the same time, the rotation of the No. 2 grate 52 is closely related to the opening and closing of the cold air inlet 104 at the bottom of the furnace body 1. When the No. 2 grate 52 rotates one circle, the combustion link ends and the air supply starts. The through holes 421 on the upper surface of the No. 2 grate 52 are set to be long strips, so that the incoming cold air first passes through the No. 2 grate 52 evenly, and then passes through the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber 3 evenly, thereby maximizing the energy utilization of the heat storage chamber 3.

[0048] The left end of the air baffle 41 is slidably connected to a slider 414, which is sleeved on the pull rod 411. The left end of the pull rod 411 is hinged with a push rod 412. The pull rod 411 and the push rod 412 are perpendicular to each other. The slider 414 is sleeved on the push rod 412. The slider 414 is fixedly connected to the slider 414 through a connecting rod 413. The angle between the connecting rod 413 and the pull rod 411 and the push rod 412 is degrees.

[0049] The shape switching of the air baffle 41 is achieved through the device connected at the left end. The slider 414 is slidably connected to the support rod 433 connected below the push rod 412. During the rotation of the No. 2 grate 52, the No. 2 grate 52 drives the support rod 433 to move upward, thereby pushing the slider 414 to move upward. During the upward movement of the slider 414, due to the constraint of the connecting rod 413, the slider 414 is driven to move to the left. The right end of the slider 414 is fixedly connected to the air baffle 41. During the movement of the slider 414 to the left, the slider 414 drives the air baffle 41 to stretch, thereby driving the air baffle 41 to achieve shape switching.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown, the left end of the flue gas damper 42 is fixedly connected to a worm gear 432, the left end of the worm gear 432 cooperates with the worm 431, the lower end of the worm 431 is fixedly connected to a support rod 433, the support rod 433 is fixed by a slot 7 installed on the furnace body 1, the lower end of the support rod 433 is hinged with a transmission rod 434, the transmission rod 434 is at an angle of ° with the horizontal plane, a roller 435 is installed at the end of the transmission rod 434, the roller 435 is installed in the slide rail 6, the slide rail 6 is slidably connected with a slider 414, and the slider 414 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 grate 52 through a rocker 522.

[0051] The function of the flue gas baffle 42 is to regulate the flow path of flue gas and cold air. When the No. 2 grate 52 rotates, the rocker 522 is driven to move to the left. The left end of the rocker 522 is fixedly connected to the slider 414. The slider 414 and the roller 435 are both arranged in the slide rail 6. The movement of the rocker 522 drives the roller 435 to move to the left. The roller 435 is hinged with the transmission rod 434. The transmission rod 434 was originally in an inclined state. If the tilt angle is too large, it is certainly possible to increase the driving force generated by the No. 2 grate 52 driving the transmission rod 434 and increase the distance that the support rod 433 moves upward. However, if the tilt angle is too large, it will interfere with the rotation of the No. 2 grate 52 on the right side. Therefore, the tilt angle should not be too large. If the tilt angle is too small, the No. 2 grate 52 drives the transmission rod 434, and the effect of driving the support rod 433 to move upward is not obvious. Therefore, the designed tilt angle is °. The movement of the roller 435 allows the transmission rod 434 to move to the left, but due to the restrictions of the slot 7 and the support rod 433, the roller 435 is limited in driving the transmission rod 434 to move to the left. The rolling of the roller 435 drives the transmission rod 434 to change its angle, thereby causing the transmission rod 434 to change from an inclined state to a vertical state, thereby pushing the support rod 433 slidingly connected in the left end slot 7 to move upward. The upper end of the support rod 433 is connected to a worm 431. The upward movement of the worm 431 drives the matching worm wheel 432 at the right end to rotate, thereby realizing the shape switching of the smoke damper 42.

[0052] The air baffle 41 is in a fence shape. Driven by the slider 414 , the air baffle 41 switches between telescopic states to open and close the air inlet 102 and the gas inlet 101 .

[0053] The air baffle 41 is designed in a fence-like shape. When the air baffle 41 is retracted, the rightmost plate blocks the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102. When the air baffle 41 is extended, the rightmost plate moves away from the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102, realizing the switching of the gas passage's open and closed state. The air baffle 41 has a rectangular hole 421 on its left end. The hole 421 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hole 421 by an axis, and a plate is rotatably connected to the axis. When the support rod 433 moves upward under the drive of the second grate 52, it drives the left end of the flap to flip upward, thereby opening the hole 421 and allowing the flue gas to flow down through the hole 421. The air baffle 41 is designed in a fence-like shape. The well-shaped structure can achieve uniform mixing of the incoming gas and combustion air, thereby achieving the purpose of full combustion and maximizing combustion efficiency.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, the smoke damper 42 is in a shutter structure. The smoke damper 42 changes the angle of the shutter under the drive of the support rod 433 to realize the opening and closing state of the damper.

[0055] The flue gas damper 42 is designed as a louver structure. Driven by the second grate 52, the support rod 433 moves upward, driving the worm gear 432 and worm 431 to rotate, causing the blades 423 on the flue gas damper 42 to rotate at an angle. The air damper 41 has a rectangular hole 421 on the left end. The hole 421 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hole 421 by an axis, and a plate is rotatably connected to the axis. When the support rod 433 moves upward under the drive of the second grate 52, it drives the left end of the flap to rotate upward, thereby opening the hole 421. During the combustion phase, the blades 423 are closed, allowing the flue gas generated by the combustion to pass only through the hole 421 on the left side of the flue gas damper 42 and then enter the regenerator 3. This concentrates the flue gas and accumulates heat, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency. During the air supply phase, after the incoming cold air is evenly heated by the regenerator 3, the blades 423 are opened, similarly allowing the cold air to pass evenly and eventually enter the blast furnace through the hot air outlet 103. During the combustion phase, the driving blades 423 are closed, so that the smoke generated by the combustion can only pass through the hole 421 on the left side of the smoke baffle 42 and then enter the heat storage chamber 3. This concentrates the smoke and accumulates heat, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency.

[0056] The angle range of the blade 423 on the smoke damper 42 is limited to 0° to 45°, and the hinge point between the blade 423 and the smoke damper 42 is set on the left side.

[0057] When the flue gas damper 42 is in the air supply state, the blades 423 need to be in the open state, and the blades 423 are flipped under the drive of the worm gear 432 and worm 431 devices. The cold air enters from the right side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and then reaches the flue gas damper 42 through the heat storage chamber 3. Since the hot air outlet 103 is on the right side above the flue gas damper 42, the hot air needs to be concentrated and efficiently output from the hot air outlet 103. By setting the hinge point of the blade 423 and the flue gas damper 42 on the left side of the blade 423, the blade 423 only needs to be flipped by degrees under the drive of the worm gear 432 and worm 431 devices, so as to ensure that the channel between the blades 423 is inclined toward the hot air outlet 103, thereby realizing the concentrated and efficient flow of hot air to the hot air outlet 103.

[0058] The left end of the mixing plate is fixedly connected to the furnace wall, and a gap is left between the right end of the mixing plate and the furnace wall. The distance ratio between the mixing plate and the air baffle and between the mixing plate and the flue gas baffle is 2:1.

[0059] In the operation mode of the hot blast stove, both the combustion link and the air supply link are indispensable. During the combustion link, the air and gas introduced from the right side of the furnace body 1 are mixed and burned. The distance ratio between the mixing plate 8 and the air baffle 41 and the mixing plate 8 and the flue gas baffle 42 is 2:1. At this time, the mixing plate 8 is close to the air baffle 41. The air and gas can be fully mixed and burned under the obstruction of the mixing plate 8 and flow downward from the right side gap along the mixing plate 8. At the same time, the mixing plate 8 is above the hot air outlet 103. When the combustion link ends and the air supply link is turned on, the cold air introduced is fully heated by the heat storage chamber 3, and then flows to the hot air outlet 103 under the joint guidance of the flue gas baffle 42 and the mixing plate 8, thereby achieving the purpose of centralized and efficient transportation of hot air.

[0060] During the operation of the hot blast stove, the working mode of the hot blast stove can be divided into two stages: combustion and air supply. The first is the combustion stage. The motor is started to drive the No. 2 grate 52 to rotate, and the motor rotation frequency is set to realize that the No. 2 grate 52 rotates one circle to complete the combustion link and then changes to the air supply link. The No. 2 grate 52 rotates, and the rocker 522 fixedly connected to the No. 2 grate 52 rotates accordingly. The slider 414 connected to the end of the rocker 522 away from the No. 2 grate 52 begins to be pushed, and a roller 435 is also arranged in the slide rail 6. The movement of the slider 414 pushes the roller 435 to roll forward. The roller 435 is hinged with a transmission rod 434 at the end away from the slide rail 6. Due to the restrictions of the slot 7 and the support rod 433, the transmission rod 434 is on the roller Driven by 435, it begins to change from inclined to vertical. In this process, the support rod 433 moves upward under the push of the transmission rod 434. A worm 431 is hinged at the end of the support rod 433 away from the transmission rod 434. The upward movement of the worm 431 causes the worm wheel 432 cooperating with the worm 431 to rotate, thereby changing the shape of the smoke damper 42 of the shutter structure, specifically closing the blades 423 on the smoke damper 42. At the same time, the upward movement of the support rod 433 drives the limiting rod 436 to move upward, and the sealing plate 422 installed between the holes 421 at the left end of the smoke damper 42 is opened under the push of the limiting rod 436. The smoke generated by the combustion flows downward through the opened hole 421 and enters the heat storage chamber 3. At the same time, when the support rod 433 moves upward, the slider 414 hinged to the end of the support rod 433 away from the transmission rod 434 is pushed upward. The upward movement of the slider 414 drives the slider 414 fixedly connected to the slider 414 to move left. The left movement of the slider 414 drives the air baffle 41 hinged to the end of the slider 414 away from the push rod 412 to stretch. The air baffle 41 is a fence structure, and the rightmost end will leave the air inlet 102 and the gas inlet 101, thereby realizing the combustion process. In this way, air and gas enter the combustion chamber 2, and after combustion, enter the heat storage chamber 3 through the hole 421 on the left side of the flue gas baffle 42, thereby realizing the concentrated and enhanced heat storage energy. After the No. 2 grate 52 rotates one circle, the combustion process is completed. After the No. 2 grate 52 rotates one circle, the protrusion 521 connected to the No. 2 grate 52 pushes away the protrusion 521 installed at the cold air inlet 104. At this time, after one circle of rotation, the gas inlet 101 and the air inlet 102 on the upper part of the furnace body 1 are closed, the blades 423 on the flue gas damper 42 are opened, and the cold air inlet 104 at the lower part of the furnace body 1 is in an open state. Then the air supply stage is started, and a large amount of blast air enters and passes through the double-layer grate 5 to achieve the purpose of uniformity, and then evenly passes through the checker bricks in the heat storage chamber 3, and then evenly passes through the blades 423 of the opened flue gas damper 42, and finally enters the blast furnace through the hot air outlet 103.

[0061] The basic principles and beneficial effects of the present invention are shown and described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the effects and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device, characterized by: The invention comprises a furnace body (1), a combustion chamber (2), a heat storage chamber (3), a baffle assembly (4) and a double-layer grate (5); a combustion chamber (2) for mixed combustion of air and coal gas is provided at the internal dome of the furnace body (1); a baffle assembly (4) for establishing and cutting off the connection between the combustion chamber (2) and the heat storage chamber (3) is fixedly installed; a double-layer grate (5) for driving the baffle assembly (4) to switch between the two states of hot air delivery and smoke circulation is fixedly installed below the heat storage chamber (3); and the double-layer grate (5) is fixedly connected to a motor; The baffle assembly (4) comprises an air baffle (41), a smoke baffle (42) and a connecting device (43); the air baffle (41) is in the shape of a fence; the air baffle (41) switches between telescopic states under the drive of a slider (414) to realize the opening and closing of the air inlet (102) and the gas inlet (101); the smoke baffle (42) is in the shape of a shutter; the smoke baffle (42) changes the angle of the shutter under the drive of a support rod (433) to realize the opening and closing state of the baffle; A switch valve is provided in the flue gas passage opened on the furnace body (1), and other gas passages realize the switch state through the operation of the internal structure of the furnace body (1). First, in the combustion link, the protrusion (521) on the double-layer grate (5) blocks the cold air inlet (104), so that the cold air cannot enter. During the rotation of the double-layer grate (5), the double-layer grate (5) drives the connecting device (43) to move, thereby driving the baffle assembly (4) between the heat storage chamber (3) and the combustion chamber (2) to switch the form. The switching form of the baffle assembly (4) finally opens the gas inlet (101) and the air inlet (102) on the dome side of the furnace body (1), and at the same time allows the flue gas to circulate. After the double-layer grate (5) rotates one circle, the protrusion (521) integrated with the double-layer grate (5) moves away from the cold air inlet (104).

2. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet (102) and a gas inlet (101) connected to the outside are provided at a horizontal position on one side of the furnace body (1) and directly connected to the combustion chamber (2). The air inlet (102) is located below the gas inlet (101). A hot air outlet (103) connected to the blast furnace is provided on the other side of the furnace body (1). The ratio of the distance between the air inlet (102) and the gas inlet (101) to the distance between the air inlet (102) and the hot air outlet (103) is 1:

4. The reserved size of the distance between the air inlet (102) and the gas inlet (101) is kept consistent with the size of the baffle assembly (4) to achieve automatic opening and closing. A smoke outlet (105) and a cold air inlet (104) are provided at the bottom of the furnace body (1).

3. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting device (43) is fixedly installed in the furnace wall. The uppermost end of the connecting device (43) is slidably connected to the air baffle (41). The left end of the smoke baffle (42) is spirally connected to the connecting device (43). The connection point is located 20 cm below the connection between the connecting device (43) and the air baffle (41). A mixing plate (8) is installed between the air baffle (41) and the smoke baffle (42).

4. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-layer grate (5) is disc-shaped and comprises a fixed grate No. 1 (51) that plays a supporting role and a rotating grate No. 2 (52). The upper surface of the grate No. 2 (52) is provided with a regular array of long through holes (421). A protrusion (521) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the grate No. 2 (52). The size of the protrusion (521) is the same as the size of the cold air inlet (104) at the bottom of the furnace body (1).

5. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The left end of the air baffle (41) is slidably connected to a slider (414), the slider (414) is sleeved on the pull rod (411), the left end of the pull rod (411) is hinged with a push rod (412), the pull rod (411) and the push rod (412) are perpendicular to each other, the slider (414) is sleeved on the push rod (412), the slider (414) is fixedly connected to the slider (414) through a connecting rod (413), and the angle between the connecting rod (413), the pull rod (411) and the push rod (412) is 45 degrees.

6. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left end of the smoke damper (42) is fixedly connected to a worm wheel (432), the left end of the worm wheel (432) is matched with the worm (431), the lower end of the worm (431) is fixedly connected to a support rod (433), the support rod (433) is fixed by a slot (7) installed on the furnace body (1), the right side of the support rod (433) is fixedly connected to a limit rod (436), the lower end of the support rod (433) is hinged to a transmission rod (434), the transmission rod (434) forms an angle of 120 degrees with the horizontal plane, the end of the transmission rod (434) is installed with a roller (435), the roller (435) is installed in the slide rail (6), the slide rail (6) is slidably connected with a slider (414), and the slider (414) is fixedly connected to the second grate (52) through a rocker (522).

7. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle range of the blade (423) on the smoke damper (42) is limited to 0° to 45°, and the hinge point between the blade (423) and the smoke damper (42) is set on the left side.

8. The high-temperature hot air furnace with an air self-preheating environmental protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left end of the mixing plate (8) is fixedly connected to the furnace wall, a gap is left between the right end of the mixing plate (8) and the furnace wall, and the distance ratio between the mixing plate (8) and the air baffle (41) and the mixing plate (8) and the smoke baffle (42) is 2:1.

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