Automatic tool changing ultrasonic spindle

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic tool changing type ultrasonic spindle, which comprises a shaft core coaxially arranged with a rear-pulling chuck, a vibrator sleeved outside the rear-pulling chuck to clamp the rear-pulling chuck, a rear end of the vibrator being inserted into the shaft core, the rear-pulling chuck being reciprocally movable along an axial direction of the shaft core to extend out of the vibrator / retreat into the vibrator, a linkage mechanism being threadedly connected to a rear end of the rear-pulling chuck and extending out of the shaft core along the axial direction of the shaft core, the linkage mechanism being slidable relative to the shaft core, and a driving mechanism being detachably connected to a rear end of the linkage mechanism and driving the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocally move along the axial direction of the shaft core, so that the rear-pulling chuck is automatically extended and retreated relative to the vibrator, and the tool changing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of spindle technology, and in particular to an automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle. Background Technology

[0002] When machining workpieces, it is often necessary to change tools for different machining processes, such as drilling, tapping, or milling. Most existing ultrasonic machining centers use manual tool changing on the spindle, which primarily employs a pull-back collet structure to hold the tool. Specifically: Insert the pull-back collet and a certain length of hex socket screw into the tool holder from the front and back respectively, and make the pull-back collet and the hex socket screw threaded together; reserve a hollow rear end space structure in the spindle core; insert an hex wrench from the rear end and engage with the rear end of the hex socket screw, then rotate the hex wrench to rotate the hex socket screw; since the pull-back collet and the hex socket screw are threaded together, and the hex socket screw cannot move back and forth due to the restriction of the tool holder end face, the extension and retraction of the pull-back collet can be achieved by rotating the hex wrench clockwise and counterclockwise, so that tool changing can be performed when the pull-back collet is extended outside the tool holder, and tool clamping can be performed when the pull-back collet is retracted into the tool holder.

[0003] Because existing technology requires manual adjustment of the extension and retraction of the pull-back collet using an Allen wrench during tool changing, tool changing time is long and tool changing efficiency is low.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide an automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle to improve the tool-changing efficiency of ultrasonic spindles, in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0007] An automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle includes a spindle core and a pull-back collet, wherein the spindle core and the pull-back collet are arranged coaxially, and the spindle further includes:

[0008] An oscillator is sleeved outside the pull-back collet to hold the pull-back collet; the rear end of the oscillator is inserted into the shaft core; the pull-back collet can reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core to extend out of the oscillator / retract into the oscillator;

[0009] A linkage mechanism is threadedly connected to the rear end of the pull-out collet and extends axially along the shaft core to the outside of the shaft core; the linkage mechanism is slidable relative to the shaft core.

[0010] A drive mechanism is provided for detachably connecting to the rear end of the linkage mechanism and for driving the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft.

[0011] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the linkage mechanism includes:

[0012] A screw is rotatably arranged inside the oscillator; the front end of the screw is threadedly connected to the pull-back collet, and the rear end abuts against the rear end face of the oscillator;

[0013] The connecting rod has its front end located inside the shaft core and is detachably connected to the screw; its rear end extends outside the shaft core and is detachably connected to the drive mechanism to rotate under the drive mechanism and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core.

[0014] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle further includes:

[0015] At least one reset mechanism is located inside the shaft core and arranged around the connecting rod; the reset mechanism is used to drive the connecting rod to separate from the screw when the drive mechanism is separated from the connecting rod.

[0016] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the reset mechanism includes:

[0017] A limiting part is disposed on the connecting rod and located inside the shaft core; the limiting part and the shaft core are clearance-fitted.

[0018] A locking sleeve is disposed on the inner wall of the shaft core and arranged around the periphery of the connecting rod; the locking sleeve is clearance-fitted with the connecting rod and is located on the front / rear side of the limiting part;

[0019] An elastic element is located between the locking sleeve and the limiting part, and is connected to both the locking sleeve and the limiting part.

[0020] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the linkage mechanism further includes:

[0021] A front guide rod is arranged inside the shaft core and located between the connecting rod and the screw; the front guide rod is used for detachable connection with the screw.

[0022] The second elastic element is arranged inside the shaft core and located between the front guide rod and the connecting rod;

[0023] The transmission assembly is located inside the shaft core and is connected to the front guide rod and the connecting rod respectively; the transmission assembly and the shaft core are clearance-fitted.

[0024] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the transmission assembly includes:

[0025] A locking guide sleeve is sleeved on the connecting rod and extends to the periphery of the second elastic element and the front guide rod; the locking guide sleeve is provided with an elongated hole, which extends along the axial direction of the shaft core;

[0026] A limiting unit is disposed on the front guide rod and extends into the elongated hole; when the front guide rod disengages from the screw, the front side of the limiting unit contacts the locking guide sleeve.

[0027] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the drive mechanism includes:

[0028] A drive element for detachable connection to the rear end of the connecting rod;

[0029] A rotary drive device is disposed at the end of the drive member away from the connecting rod and is used to drive the drive member to rotate;

[0030] A telescopic drive device is disposed at the end of the rotary drive device away from the drive member; the telescopic drive device is used to drive the rotary drive device to move axially along the shaft core until the connecting rod is connected to the screw / the drive member is separated from the connecting rod.

[0031] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle further includes:

[0032] A boss ring is fitted onto the rear end of the shaft core;

[0033] At least one boss is disposed on the circumferential surface of the boss ring;

[0034] At least one guide rod unit; the guide rod unit is disposed at one end of the rotary drive device away from the telescopic drive device and extends axially along the shaft core to cooperate with the boss for limiting;

[0035] When the connecting rod is connected to the screw, the guide rod unit is located within the receiving space; when the connecting rod is separated from the driving member, the guide rod unit is located outside the receiving space.

[0036] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the rotary drive device includes:

[0037] A drive motor; the drive shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive component;

[0038] When the driving component is connected to the connecting rod, the drive shaft of the drive motor is arranged coaxially with the shaft core.

[0039] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, wherein the rotary drive device includes:

[0040] Drive motor;

[0041] A transmission unit is respectively mounted on the drive shaft of the drive component and the drive motor to drive the drive component to rotate;

[0042] When the driving component is connected to the connecting rod, the central axis of the drive shaft of the drive motor is misaligned with and parallel to the central axis of the shaft core.

[0043] Beneficial effects: In this application, the drive mechanism drives the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core, thereby driving the pull-out collet to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core to extend out of the vibrator / retract back into the vibrator, thereby realizing the automatic extension and retraction of the pull-out collet relative to the vibrator, avoiding manual adjustment of the opening and closing of the pull-out collet, and greatly improving the tool changing efficiency of the ultrasonic spindle. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is an overall axial sectional view of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle when the rotary drive device described in this application is arranged coaxially with the connecting rod, and the front guide rod and the screw, as well as the drive component and the connecting rod, are all separated.

[0045] Figure 2 This is an overall axial cross-sectional view of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle when the rotary drive device described in this application is arranged coaxially with the connecting rod, and the front guide rod and the screw, as well as the drive member and the connecting rod, are connected through the slot structure and the protrusion structure.

[0046] Figure 3 This is an overall axial sectional view of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle when the rotary drive device and the connecting rod are not coaxially arranged, and the front guide rod and the screw, as well as the drive component and the connecting rod, are all separated.

[0047] Figure 4 This is an overall axial cross-sectional view of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle when the rotary drive device and the connecting rod are not coaxially arranged, and the front guide rod and the screw, as well as the drive member and the connecting rod, are all connected through the slot structure and the protrusion structure.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reset mechanism described in this application;

[0049] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the card protrusion structure described in this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the card slot structure described in this application;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a reference diagram showing the usage state when the card protrusion structure and the card slot structure described in this application are engaged;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly described in this application;

[0054] Figure 11 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rod unit described in this application;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a first view of the guide sleeve and the boss as described in this application when they interfere with each other;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a second view of the guide sleeve and the boss as described in this application when they interfere with each other. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer and more explicit, the following detailed description of this application is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0059] Please also refer to Figures 1-14 This application provides an automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle includes: a spindle core 1, a pull-back collet 2, a vibrator 3, a linkage mechanism, and a drive mechanism 4; the spindle core 1, the pull-back collet 2, and the linkage mechanism are arranged coaxially.

[0060] The vibrator 3 is sleeved outside the pull-back collet 2, thereby clamping the pull-back collet 2. The pull-back collet 2 can reciprocate relative to the vibrator 3 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby extending out of the vibrator 3 and retracting into the vibrator 3. When the pull-back collet 2 extends out of the vibrator 3, the opening of the pull-back collet 2 is in an open state, so as to facilitate the replacement of the tool 100 in the pull-back collet 2 by the automatic tool changer system. After the tool change is completed, the pull-back collet 2 retracts into the vibrator 3. Under the limiting action of the vibrator 3, the opening of the pull-back collet 2 switches to a closed state, thereby clamping the tool 100 and positioning the tool 100 in the vibrator 3.

[0061] The vibrator 3 is used to connect to the ultrasonic generator via a wireless sensing component to generate vibration, thereby driving the cutter 100 to vibrate; the rear end of the vibrator 3 is inserted into the shaft core 1, thereby being positioned by the shaft core 1.

[0062] The linkage mechanism is located at the rear end of the pull-out collet 2; specifically, the front end of the linkage mechanism is located inside the vibrator 3 and is threadedly connected to the rear end of the pull-out collet 2; the rear end of the linkage mechanism extends along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 in a direction away from the vibrator 3 and extends to the outside of the shaft core 1; the linkage mechanism can reciprocate relative to the shaft along the axial direction of the shaft core 1.

[0063] The drive mechanism 4 is detachably connected to the rear end of the linkage mechanism. When the drive mechanism 4 is connected to the rear end of the linkage mechanism, the drive mechanism 4 drives the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby driving the pull-back collet 2 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 to extend out of the vibrator 3 / retract back into the vibrator 3.

[0064] In this application, the drive mechanism 4 drives the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby driving the pull-out collet 2 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 to extend out of the vibrator 3 / retract back into the vibrator 3. This achieves automatic extension and retraction of the pull-out collet 2 relative to the vibrator 3, avoiding manual adjustment of the relative position between the pull-out collet 2 and the vibrator 3 for manual tool changing, and greatly improving the tool changing efficiency of the ultrasonic spindle.

[0065] The oscillator 3 has a central hole, meaning it is a hollow structure. This central hole is coaxially arranged with the shaft core 1 to accommodate the pull-back collet 2 and a portion of the linkage mechanism. The front end of the central hole is a conical structure, with the smaller diameter end facing rearward and the larger diameter end facing forward. This ensures the conical structure matches the external shape of the pull-back collet 2, allowing the pull-back collet 2 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 to extend out of the oscillator 3 or retract back into it when the linkage mechanism rotates forward / reverse. It should be noted that even when the pull-back collet 2 extends out of the oscillator 3, it remains threadedly connected to the linkage mechanism.

[0066] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle also includes a rear seat 200, which is sleeved on the rear end of the spindle core 1; the rear seat 200 is provided with a clearance hole, which is used to avoid the connection between the linkage mechanism and the drive mechanism 4.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] The drive mechanism 4 is separately arranged from the rear seat 200; specifically, the position of the drive mechanism 4 is adjusted by a robotic arm. When automatic tool changing is required, the robotic arm moves the drive mechanism 4 to the rear side of the rear seat 200 and arranges the drive mechanism 4 coaxially with the shaft core 1, so that the drive mechanism 4 can be detachably connected to the linkage mechanism. After automatic tool changing is completed, the drive mechanism 4 is detached from the linkage mechanism, and the robotic arm can then move the drive mechanism 4 away from the rear seat 200.

[0069] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 is arranged separately from the rear seat 200, and after the automatic tool change is completed, the drive mechanism 4 can be moved away from the rear seat 200. Compared with the drive mechanism 4 being directly positioned at the rear end of the rear seat 200, this embodiment reduces the overall overhang of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle during cutting operations and avoids the transmission of the vibration generated by the vibrator 3 to the drive mechanism 4 through the linkage mechanism, thereby achieving the purpose of avoiding the decrease in the natural frequency and rigidity of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle also includes a positioning sleeve 5, which is disposed at the rear end of the rear seat 200 and coaxially arranged with the rear seat 200; the drive mechanism 4 is disposed inside the positioning sleeve 5 to be positioned at the rear end of the rear seat 200 via the positioning sleeve 5.

[0072] Compared to Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 4 is positioned at the rear end of the rear seat 200 by the positioning sleeve 5, so that the driving mechanism 4, the shaft core 1, and the rear seat 200 form a whole, eliminating the need for a robotic arm or other moving device to participate in the automatic tool changing process. Furthermore, since the connection between the driving mechanism 4 and the linkage mechanism is detachable, the driving mechanism 4 can be removed from the rear end of the linkage mechanism after automatic tool changing, thereby preventing the vibration generated by the vibrator 3 from being transmitted to the driving mechanism 4 through the linkage mechanism, and reducing the adverse effects of the driving mechanism 4 on the natural frequency and rigidity of the automatic tool changing ultrasonic spindle.

[0073] The linkage mechanism includes a screw 6 and a connecting rod 7; as shown in the figure Figure 2 As shown, the screw 6 is rotatably arranged inside the vibrator 3; the front end of the screw 6 is threadedly connected to the rear end of the pull-back collet 2, so that the forward / reverse rotation of the screw 6 drives the pull-back collet 2 to extend out of the vibrator 3 / retract into the vibrator 3.

[0074] The front end of the connecting rod 7 is located inside the shaft core 1 and is detachably connected to the screw 6; the rear end of the connecting rod 7 extends outside the shaft core 1 and is detachably connected to the drive mechanism 4; the connecting rod 7 can reciprocate axially relative to the shaft core.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, the rear end of the screw 6 abuts against the rear end face of the oscillator 3, thereby being confined within the oscillator 3 by the rear end face of the oscillator 3; the surface of the conical hole structure limits the front end of the screw 6; therefore, both the front and rear ends of the screw 6 are limited, thereby confining the screw 6 within the oscillator 3, and it can only rotate in place under the drive of the connecting rod 7, and cannot produce axial movement along the shaft core 1.

[0076] The automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle also includes at least one reset mechanism 8, which is located inside the spindle core 1 and arranged around the connecting rod 7. The reset mechanism 8 is used to drive the connecting rod 7 to move axially along the spindle core 1 and separate it from the screw 6 when the drive mechanism 4 separates from the connecting rod 7. When the drive mechanism 4 separates from the connecting rod 7, it can no longer limit the connecting rod 7 along the axial direction of the spindle core 1, thus allowing the connecting rod 7 to move backward along the axial direction of the spindle core 1. This allows the connecting rod 7 to disengage from the screw 6 under the drive of the reset mechanism 8, thereby cutting off the path of vibration transmission to the rear end of the spindle core 1.

[0077] Specifically, when the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle is in the cutting working state, the drive mechanism 4 is separated from the connecting rod 7, and the connecting rod 7 is separated from the screw 6 under the drive of the reset mechanism 8, thereby preventing the vibration of the vibrator 3 from being transmitted backward through the screw 6 and the connecting rod 7.

[0078] When a tool change is required, the drive mechanism 4 is connected to the connecting rod 7 and drives the connecting rod 7 forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until the connecting rod 7 is connected to the screw 6. The drive mechanism 4 drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate forward, and at the same time the connecting rod 7 rotates, it drives the screw 6 to rotate forward in place. The pull-back collet 2 moves forward in cooperation with the conical hole structure until the pull-back collet 2 extends out of the vibrator 3 and the opening of the pull-back collet 2 opens. The drive mechanism 4 closes, the screw 6 stops rotating, and the tool 100 is replaced by the automatic tool changer system.

[0079] During the tool 100 replacement process, the pull-back collet 2 remains connected to the screw 6, the connecting rod 7 to the screw 6, and the drive mechanism 4 to the connecting rod 7. When the tool 100 is pulled back after replacement, the drive mechanism 4 restarts, driving the connecting rod 7 to reverse, thereby causing the screw 6 to reverse in place. The pull-back collet 2 moves backward in cooperation with the conical hole structure until it retracts into the vibrator 3, and the opening of the pull-back collet 2 closes, clamping the tool 100.

[0080] After the tool is pulled back, the drive mechanism 4 is disengaged from the connecting rod 7, thus making way for the axial movement of the connecting rod 7. The reset mechanism 8 then activates, driving the connecting rod 7 to disengage from the screw 6. Once the connecting rod 7 disengages from the screw 6, the cutting action of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle can be initiated.

[0081] One embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are two reset mechanisms 8, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the shaft core 1.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, the detachable connection between the connecting rod 7 and the screw 6, and the detachable connection between the connecting rod 7 and the drive mechanism 4, are both made by a snap-fit ​​connection, so that: when a rearward force is applied to the connecting rod 7 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, and the force is greater than the snap-fit ​​force between the connecting rod 7 and the screw 6, the connecting rod 7 can be separated from the screw 6; when a rearward force is applied to the drive mechanism 4 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, and the force is greater than the snap-fit ​​force between the drive mechanism 4 and the connecting rod 7, the drive mechanism 4 can be separated from the connecting rod 7.

[0083] like Figure 5As shown, the reset mechanism 8 includes a limiting part 81, a locking sleeve 82, and an elastic element 83; the limiting part 81 is disposed on the connecting rod 7 and located inside the shaft core 1, that is, the connection between the limiting part 81 and the connecting rod 7 is a fixed connection, and the limiting part 81 and the shaft core 1 are clearance-fitted, so that the limiting part 81 can move along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 with the connecting rod 7, and there will be no adverse interference between the limiting part 81 and the shaft core 1.

[0084] The locking sleeve 82 is disposed on the inner wall of the shaft core 1 and arranged around the periphery of the connecting rod 7; the locking sleeve 82 is clearance-fitted with the connecting rod 7 and is spaced apart from the limiting part 81; that is, the connection between the locking sleeve 82 and the shaft core 1 is a fixed connection, and the locking sleeve 82 will not cause adverse interference to the axial movement of the connecting rod 7 along the shaft core 1. The elastic element 83 is located between the locking sleeve 82 and the limiting part 81; both ends of the elastic element 83 are connected to the locking sleeve 82 and the limiting part 81, respectively.

[0085] One embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the locking sleeve 82 is located in front of the limiting part 81, and when the connecting rod 7 is connected to the screw 6, the elastic element 83 is in a compressed state; when the driving mechanism 4 is separated from the connecting rod 7, the rear end of the connecting rod 7 loses the limiting of the driving mechanism 4 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1; and since the positions of the locking sleeve 82 and the shaft core 1 are fixed, under the elastic force of the elastic element 83 restoring its elastic deformation, the elastic element 83 pushes the limiting part 81 and moves backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby driving the connecting rod 7 to move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until it disengages from the screw 6.

[0086] In another embodiment of this application, the locking sleeve 82 is located behind the limiting part 81, and when the connecting rod 7 is connected to the screw 6, the elastic member 83 is in a stretched state; when the driving mechanism 4 is separated from the connecting rod 7, the rear end of the connecting rod 7 loses the limiting of the driving mechanism 4 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1; and since the positions of the locking sleeve 82 and the shaft core 1 are fixed, under the elastic force of the elastic member 83 restoring its elastic deformation, the elastic member 83 pulls the limiting part 81 to move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby driving the connecting rod 7 to move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until it disengages from the screw 6.

[0087] like Figure 6 and Figure 10As shown, the linkage mechanism further includes a front guide rod 9, a second elastic element 10, and a transmission assembly 11; the front guide rod 9 is arranged inside the shaft core 1 and located between the connecting rod 7 and the screw 6; the front guide rod 9 is detachably connected to the screw 6; the second elastic element 10 is arranged inside the shaft core 1 and located between the front guide rod 9 and the connecting rod 7; the transmission assembly 11 is located inside the shaft core 1 and is connected to the front guide rod 9 and the connecting rod 7 respectively, and the transmission assembly 11 is clearance-fitted with the shaft core 1 so that when the connecting rod 7 rotates and moves axially along the shaft core 1, it can drive the front guide rod 9 to rotate and move axially along the shaft core 1.

[0088] When the connecting rod 7 drives the front guide rod 9 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 to connect with the screw 6 through the second elastic element 10, the second elastic element 10 will be compressed under the reaction force of the screw 6 on the front guide rod 9, thereby playing a certain buffering role against the reaction force of the screw 6.

[0089] like Figure 10 As shown, the transmission assembly 11 includes a locking guide sleeve 110 and a limiting unit 111; the locking guide sleeve 110 is sleeved on the connecting rod 7, that is, the locking guide sleeve 110 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 7; the front end of the locking guide sleeve 110 extends to the periphery of the second elastic member 10 and the front guide rod 9, and the locking guide sleeve 110 can slide relative to the second elastic member 10 and the front guide rod 9 along the axial direction of the shaft core 1.

[0090] The locking guide sleeve 110 is provided with an elongated hole 1100, which extends axially along the shaft core 1. The limiting unit 111 is disposed on the front guide rod 9 and extends into the elongated hole 1100; when the connecting rod 7 drives the locking guide sleeve 110 to move axially along the shaft core 1, the limiting unit 111 and the elongated hole 1100 move relative to each other.

[0091] When the connecting rod 7 moves backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 to the front side of the limiting unit 111 and contacts the locking guide sleeve 110, the locking guide sleeve 110 can drive the front guide rod 9 to move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until the front guide rod 9 separates from the screw 6.

[0092] One embodiment of this application, such as Figure 10As shown, the limiting unit 111 includes a first screw 1111 and a second screw 1112. The first screw 1111 and the second screw 1112 are distributed along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, and the first screw 1111 is located in front of the second screw 1112. When the connecting rod 7 moves forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until it contacts the second screw 1112 on the rear inner wall of the elongated hole 1100, the front guide rod 9 can move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 with the connecting rod 7 under the transmission action of the locking guide sleeve 110, thereby connecting with the screw 6. When the connecting rod 7 moves backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until it contacts the first screw 1111 on the front inner wall of the elongated hole 1100, the front guide rod 9 can move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 with the connecting rod 7 under the transmission action of the locking guide sleeve 110; when the force exerted by the reset mechanism 8 on the connecting rod 7 is greater than the locking force between the front guide rod 9 and the screw 6, the front guide rod 9 can move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 with the connecting rod 7 under the transmission action of the locking guide sleeve 110 until it disengages from the screw 6.

[0093] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving member 41, a rotary driving device 42, and a telescopic driving device 43; the driving member 41 is detachably connected to the rear end of the connecting rod 7; the rotary driving device 42 is located at the end of the driving member 41 away from the connecting rod 7 and is used to drive the driving member 41 to rotate; the telescopic driving device 43 is located at the end of the rotary driving device 42 away from the driving member 41; the telescopic driving device 43 is used to drive the rotary driving device 42 to move along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until the connecting rod 7 is connected to the screw 6 / the driving member 41 is separated from the connecting rod 7.

[0094] The telescopic drive device 43 includes a cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the rotary drive device 42 to drive the rotary drive device 42 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft 1. When the piston rod of the cylinder extends, the rotary drive device 42 moves forward along the axial direction of the shaft 1; when the piston rod of the cylinder retracts, the rotary drive device 42 moves backward along the axial direction of the shaft 1.

[0095] like Figures 2-4 ,as well as Figures 6-9 As shown, the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle also includes a slot structure 101 and a protrusion structure 102, wherein the slot structure 101 cooperates with the protrusion structure 102. Specifically, as... Figure 7As shown, the latching structure 102 includes a base 12 and two latching protrusions 13. The base 12 is cylindrical, and the two latching protrusions 13 are disposed at one end of the axial direction of the base 12 and are symmetrically distributed at radial intervals along the base 12. The cross-section of the latching protrusions 13 along the radial direction of the base 12 is fan-shaped. A first guide slope 131 and a second guide slope 132 are symmetrically arranged on the inner surface of the end of the latching protrusions 13 away from the base 12. The end of the first guide slope 131 away from the base 12 intersects the end of the second guide slope 132 away from the base 12, so that the end of the latching protrusions 13 away from the base 12 forms a sharp angle 130.

[0096] like Figure 8 As shown, the slot structure 101 includes a base 12 and two protrusions 13, wherein the structure of the base 12 and the protrusions 13 is exactly the same as that of the base 12 and the protrusions 13 in the protrusion structure 102. The slot structure 101 also includes a core 15, which is located between the two protrusions 13 and connected to the two protrusions 13 and the base 12 respectively. The core 15 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the core 15 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the protrusions 13. The core 15 is lower than the first guide slope 131 and the second guide slope 132, so that the core 15 and the two protrusions 13 enclose two slots 14.

[0097] Two slots 14 are symmetrically distributed radially along the base 12, and the slots 14 extend axially along the base 12; the slots 14 cooperate with the protrusions 13. When the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102 are engaged, the protrusion 13 of the protrusion structure 102 is located in the slot 14 and contacts the core 15, such that: when the protrusion structure 102 rotates, it can drive the slot structure 101 to rotate synchronously / when the slot structure 101 rotates, it can drive the protrusion structure 102 to rotate synchronously.

[0098] Since the first guide slope 131 and the second guide slope 132 intersect to form a sharp angle 130, for the slot structure 101, the two first guide slopes 131 together form a V-shaped guide channel, thereby guiding the engagement of the protrusion 13 in the protrusion structure 102 into the slot 14. Even if the protrusion 13 in the protrusion structure 102 is not in a corresponding state with the slot 14, it can easily rotate to correspond with the slot 14 under the guidance of the V-shaped guide channel and be inserted into the slot 14. When an external force along the axial direction of the base 12 is applied to the slot structure 101 / protrusion structure 102, and this external force is greater than the engagement force (friction) between the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102, the slot structure 101 can separate from the protrusion structure 102.

[0099] The front guide rod 9 and the screw 6, as well as the drive member 41 and the connecting rod 7, are detachably connected by the cooperation of the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102. In one embodiment of this application, the distribution of the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102 for the front guide rod 9 and the screw 6 can be as follows: the slot structure 101 is disposed on the front guide rod 9, and the protrusion structure 102 is disposed on the screw 6; or the slot structure 101 is disposed on the screw 6, and the protrusion structure 102 is disposed on the front guide rod 9. In one embodiment of this application, for the connecting rod 7 and the driving member 41, the distribution of the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102 can be as follows: the slot structure 101 is disposed on the connecting rod 7, and the protrusion structure 102 is disposed on the driving member 41; or the slot structure 101 is disposed on the driving member 41, and the protrusion structure 102 is disposed on the connecting rod 7.

[0100] like Figure 11 As shown, the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle further includes a boss ring 16, at least one boss 17, and at least one guide rod unit 18. The boss ring 16 is sleeved on the rear end of the shaft core 1 and fixedly connected to the shaft core 1. The boss 17 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the boss ring 16. The guide rod unit 18 is disposed at the end of the rotary drive device 42 away from the telescopic drive device 43, and extends along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, thereby cooperating with the boss 17. When it rotates to contact the boss 17, it limits the boss 17, causing the boss ring 16 to stop rotating, and ultimately stopping the shaft core 1.

[0101] One embodiment of this application, such as Figure 14As shown, there are four bosses 17, evenly spaced along the circumference of the boss ring 16, so that there is a receiving space between each pair of adjacent bosses 17. The guide rod unit 18 corresponds to and cooperates with each of the receiving spaces. When the connecting rod 7 is connected to the screw 6, the guide rod unit 18 is located within the receiving space; when the connecting rod 7 is separated from the driving member 41, the guide rod unit 18 is located outside the receiving space.

[0102] There are four guide rod units 18, evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the rotary drive device 42. When the connecting rod 7 is separated from the drive member 41, the guide rod units 18 are located outside the receiving space. When the telescopic drive device 43 drives the rotary drive device 42 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, the guide rod units 18 move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 and insert between the two bosses 17, thereby limiting the bosses 17. When the shaft core 1 rotates under the action of the connecting rod 7 and rotates until the bosses 17 contact the guide rod units 18, the guide rod units 18 can limit the bosses 17, preventing the shaft core 1 from rotating further, so that when the connecting rod 7 drives the pull-back collet 2 to release / pull the knife, the shaft core 1 remains stationary.

[0103] In another embodiment of this application, the number of protrusions 17 is greater than 4, and the accommodating space between two adjacent protrusions 17 is just enough to accommodate the guide rod unit 18; that is, when the guide rod unit 18 is inserted into the accommodating space, the guide rod unit 18 just contacts its two protrusions 17, thereby completely preventing the rotation of the shaft core 1.

[0104] like Figure 12 As shown, the guide rod unit 18 includes a guide rod 181, a guide sleeve 182, and a third elastic element 183. The guide rod 181 is cylindrical, and its central axis is parallel to the central axis of the shaft core 1. One axial end of the guide rod 181 is connected to the rotary drive device 42, and the other end extends away from the telescopic drive device 43. The guide sleeve 182 is coaxially arranged with the guide rod 181. The guide sleeve 182 is fitted onto the end of the guide rod 181 away from the rotary drive device 42 and can slide relative to the guide rod 181. The third elastic element 183 is arranged inside the guide sleeve 182 and is located on the side of the guide rod 181 away from the rotary drive device 42.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the elastic element 83, the second elastic element 10, and the third elastic element 183 are all springs, and the elastic element 83 is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting rod 7.

[0106] like Figure 12As shown, the guide sleeve 182 is provided with a second elongated hole 184, and the guide rod 181 is provided with a connector 186. One end of the connector 186 is connected to the guide rod 181, and the other end extends radially along the guide rod 181 into the second elongated hole 184. When the inner wall of the rear side of the second elongated hole 184 contacts the connector 186 along the axial direction, the guide sleeve 182 can be withdrawn from the receiving space under the driving action of the guide rod 181.

[0107] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the guide sleeve 182 has a tapered inclined surface 185 at one end axially away from the guide rod 181; the boss 17 has a guide inclined surface (not shown in the figure) at one end axially along the shaft core 1. The guide inclined surface cooperates with the tapered inclined surface 185 to guide the insertion of the guide sleeve 182 into the receiving space.

[0108] Specifically, when the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle is in a non-cutting / non-tool-changing state, the front guide rod 9 is separated from the screw 6, the guide sleeve 182 is located outside the accommodating space, and the drive member 41 is separated from the connecting rod 7.

[0109] When a tool change is required, the telescopic drive device 43 is activated, driving the rotary drive device 42 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 until the drive member 41 engages with the connecting rod 7. The guide sleeve 182 moves forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 under the pushing action of the guide rod 181 and the third elastic member 183. When the drive member 41 is engaged with the connecting rod 7 and the rotary drive device 42 is not activated, the guide sleeve 182 is outside the receiving space. The telescopic drive device 43 continues to drive the rotary drive device 42 to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, while the rotary drive device 42 activates and drives the drive member 41 to rotate, thereby causing the connecting rod 7 to rotate.

[0110] In one embodiment of this application, when the guide sleeve 182 moves forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, it just comes into contact with the boss 17; then the third elastic element 183 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy; when the shaft core 1 rotates with the connecting rod 7 until the guide sleeve 182 corresponds to the receiving space, the third elastic element 183 releases elastic potential energy, and then the guide sleeve 182 slides forward relative to the guide rod 181 and inserts into the receiving space to interfere with and limit the boss 17, thereby preventing the shaft core 1 from rotating with the connecting rod 7.

[0111] In another embodiment of this application, when the guide sleeve 182 moves forward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1 and just inserts into the receiving space, the guide sleeve 182 interferes with the boss 17 (e.g., Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown), this prevents the shaft core 1 from rotating with the connecting rod 7.

[0112] When the telescopic drive device 43 drives the rotary drive device 42 to move backward along the axial direction of the shaft core 1, the guide rod 181 slides backward relative to the guide sleeve 182 until the connector 186 contacts the inner wall of the rear side of the elongated hole 1100, thereby the guide sleeve 182 can be disengaged from the receiving space under the drive of the connector 186 and the guide rod 181.

[0113] The rotary drive device 42 includes a drive motor.

[0114] One embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive shaft of the drive motor is coaxially arranged with the piston rod of the cylinder, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is directly connected to the drive member 41; when the drive member 41 and the connecting rod 7 are connected through the engagement of the slot structure 101 and the protrusion structure 102 (e.g. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the drive shaft of the drive motor is arranged coaxially with the shaft core 1.

[0115] Another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the rotary drive device 42 further includes a transmission unit 19; the drive shaft of the drive motor is not coaxial with the piston rod of the cylinder, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is not directly connected to the drive member 41, but is connected to the drive member 41 through the transmission unit 19 to drive the drive member 41 to rotate. The rear end of the drive member 41 is connected to the telescopic drive device 43; when the front end of the drive member 41 is connected to the connecting rod 7, the central axis of the drive shaft of the drive motor is misaligned with and parallel to the central axis of the shaft core 1, thereby reducing the overall overhang of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle, thereby reducing the adverse effects on the natural frequency and rigidity of the automatic tool-changing ultrasonic spindle.

[0116] One implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission unit 19 includes a driving gear 191 and a driven gear 192; the driven gear 192 is sleeved on the driving member 41 and fixedly connected to the driving member 41; the driving gear 191 is sleeved on the drive shaft of the drive motor and fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor. The driving gear 191 meshes with the driven gear 192 to drive the driving member 41 to rotate via the driven gear 192.

[0117] In one embodiment of this invention, the conveying unit 19 includes a conveyor belt, which is respectively sleeved on the drive shaft of the drive motor and the drive member 41, thereby driving the drive member 41 to rotate. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive unit 41 is provided with a pulley groove 20, which cooperates with the conveyor belt.

[0118] In summary, this application uses the drive mechanism to drive the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core, thereby causing the pull-out collet to move forward along the axial direction of the shaft core to extend out of the vibrator / retract back into the vibrator. This achieves automatic extension and retraction of the pull-out collet relative to the vibrator, avoiding manual adjustment of the opening and closing of the pull-out collet and greatly improving the tool changing efficiency of the ultrasonic spindle.

[0119] It should be understood that the application of this application is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle comprising a spindle core and a rear pull collet, the spindle core being coaxially arranged with the rear pull collet, characterized in that, It also includes: The vibrator is sleeved on the rear pull-off chuck to clamp the rear pull-off chuck; the rear end of the vibrator is inserted into the shaft core; the rear pull-off chuck can reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core to extend out of / retreat into the vibrator; The linkage mechanism is threadedly connected to the rear end of the rear pull-off chuck and extends out of the shaft core along the axial direction of the shaft core; the linkage mechanism can slide relative to the shaft core; The driving mechanism is used for detachable connection with the rear end of the linkage mechanism and drives the linkage mechanism to rotate forward / reverse and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core; At least one reset mechanism; The linkage mechanism includes: The screw rod is rotatably arranged in the vibrator; the front end of the screw rod is threadedly connected with the rear pull-off chuck, and the rear end abuts against the rear end face of the vibrator; The connecting rod is arranged in the shaft core at the front end and is used for detachable connection with the screw rod; the rear end extends out of the shaft core and is used for detachable connection with the driving mechanism to rotate and reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft core under the driving of the driving mechanism; The reset mechanism is arranged in the shaft core and is arranged on the periphery of the connecting rod; the reset mechanism is used for driving the connecting rod to separate from the screw rod when the driving mechanism separates from the connecting rod.

2. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 1, wherein, The reset mechanism includes: The limiting part is arranged on the connecting rod and is arranged in the shaft core; the limiting part is gap-fitted with the shaft core; The locking sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the shaft core and is arranged on the periphery of the connecting rod; the locking sleeve is gap-fitted with the connecting rod and is arranged on the front side / rear side of the limiting part; The elastic member is arranged between the locking sleeve and the limiting part and is connected with the locking sleeve and the limiting part respectively.

3. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 1, wherein, The linkage mechanism further includes: The front guide rod is arranged in the shaft core and is arranged between the connecting rod and the screw rod; the front guide rod is used for detachable connection with the screw rod; The second elastic member is arranged in the shaft core and is arranged between the front guide rod and the connecting rod; The transmission assembly is arranged in the shaft core and is connected with the front guide rod and the connecting rod respectively; the transmission assembly is gap-fitted with the shaft core.

4. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 3, wherein, The transmission assembly includes: The locking guide sleeve is sleeved on the connecting rod and extends to the periphery of the second elastic member and the front guide rod; the locking guide sleeve is provided with a long hole extending along the axial direction of the shaft core; The limiting unit is arranged on the front guide rod and extends into the long hole; when the front guide rod separates from the screw rod, the front side of the limiting unit is in contact with the locking guide sleeve.

5. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism includes: The driving member is used for detachable connection with the rear end of the connecting rod; The rotary driving device is arranged at the end of the driving member away from the connecting rod and is used for driving the driving member to rotate; The telescopic driving device is arranged at the end of the rotary driving device away from the driving member; the telescopic driving device is used for driving the rotary driving device to move along the axial direction of the shaft core to connect the connecting rod with the screw rod / separate the driving member from the connecting rod.

6. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 5, wherein, It also includes: The boss ring is sleeved on the rear end of the shaft core; At least one boss is arranged on the circumferential surface of the boss ring; At least one guide rod unit is arranged at the end of the rotation driving device away from the telescopic driving device and extends along the axial direction of the shaft core to limit the boss.

7. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 5, wherein, The rotation driving device comprises: A driving motor, and a driving shaft of the driving motor is connected with the driving member; When the driving member is connected with the connecting rod, the driving shaft of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with the shaft core.

8. The automatic tool changer ultrasonic spindle of claim 5, wherein, The rotation driving device comprises a driving motor; A transmission unit is respectively sleeved on the driving member and the driving shaft of the driving motor to drive the driving member to rotate; When the driving member is connected with the connecting rod, the central axis of the driving shaft of the driving motor is arranged in dislocation and parallel with the central axis of the shaft core.

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