Frequency-tunable composite vibration-reducing rubber bearing, design method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support and a design method and application thereof. A spring-mass system composed of one or more than one rubber ring 2 and a counterweight 3 is sleeved on a rubber support column to construct a single-vibrator type or a damping rubber support with different vibration frequency damping effects. The adjusting device 4 is a screw rod and a plurality of nuts. The rubber ring 2 and the counterweight 3 are fixed by inserting the screw rod into a through groove and combining the nuts. The rubber support column is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 5 at both ends. In use, the upper and lower connecting bottom plates 5 are fixed on the damping object and the foundation not generating displacement respectively. The inherent frequency of the structure is changed by adjusting the connecting position of the counterweight 3 and the rubber ring 2 through the adjusting device 4, and the damping range at a lower vibration frequency can be actively controlled. The rubber column 1 plays a role in supporting and attenuating medium and high frequency vibrations. Under the action of the two damping systems, strong support can be provided while the damping effect of a wide frequency band is actively controlled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a frequency-tunable vibration reduction rubber support, belonging to the technical field of structural vibration control. The composite structure realizes low-frequency vibration reduction adjustment of the rubber support by combining two vibration reduction methods and adjusting devices, and overcomes the shortcomings of the existing vibration reduction support, such as small vibration reduction range, poor low-frequency vibration reduction effect, and unadjustable vibration reduction frequency. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual increase of urban rail transit planning and construction lines in China, the vibration and noise problems generated during metro operation are becoming increasingly serious, and have gradually become a major problem in the field of environmental vibration control. When the subway is running, the traveling wave generated by the subway train running in the underground tunnel and the vibration wave generated by the vibration between the wheel and the rail are superimposed on each other, and are transmitted to the building through the tunnel and the soil, causing building vibration. The traditional subway vibration reduction measures have limited attenuation ability for low-frequency vibration of the subway, and the vibration reduction devices have problems such as poor integrity, easy aging, high cost, and difficult replacement.

[0003] The vibration reduction rubber support is a vibration reduction and energy dissipation device, which is widely used in civil structure bases and engineering machinery support vibration control in the engineering field. The most widely used building isolation support in building isolation support is laminated rubber support and lead rubber support. The laminated rubber support is a thin rubber plate and a thin steel plate alternately layered and bonded together under high temperature and high pressure, which has high longitudinal compression bearing capacity, horizontal deformation capacity and fatigue resistance, but has poor low-frequency attenuation effect, and needs to be completely removed if replaced. The lead rubber support is made of rubber sheet and thin sheet reinforced steel plate bonded and vulcanized, a lead core is inserted in the center of the laminated rubber pad support, the lead core has low horizontal stiffness and high vertical stiffness, so that the support has hysteresis damping characteristics, and the critical damping ratio of the support can be increased from 3% to more than 10%, but the lead rubber has the disadvantages of environmental pollution and high cost.

[0004] In recent years, with the development of the theory of local resonance of phononic crystals, its attenuation characteristics in the low-frequency region have attracted widespread attention. Composite vibration isolation bearing is a kind of structure that introduces resonance structure on the traditional natural rubber bearing, so as to enhance the vibration reduction effect in low frequency. The basic principle of local resonance type vibration reduction structure is that the spring oscillator and the main structure produce resonance response, and the main structure and the vibration reduction structure produce relative displacement, so as to absorb the transmission of small main vibration energy, and at the same time, due to the high damping characteristics of rubber material, the energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy in the vibration process. At present, Zheng [Ling Z, Yi-Nong LI, Baz A. Attenuation of wave propagation in a novel periodic structure[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2011, 18(02): 438-443] has a one-dimensional phononic crystal bearing based on wave conversion, which produces attenuation region including multiple frequency bands from low frequency to high frequency, has wide low frequency band gap characteristics, and can design vibration reduction devices with different working frequencies by adjusting the band gap; Sheng Xi et al. [Track structure vibration transmission characteristics and control measures research[D]. Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020] designed an ultra-barrier based on the mechanism of local resonance band gap, which is applied to the steel spring floating slab track structure as a new type of supporting component of the floating slab track bed, which produces low-frequency local resonance band gap in the floating slab track structure, and also retains the vibration isolation effect of the traditional floating slab track bed. The elastic wave suppression effect of the band gap and the vibration isolation effect of the floating slab form the overall vibration reduction effect of the ultra-barrier floating slab track. However, these materials have high cost and cannot flexibly adjust the resonance frequency of the structure.

[0005] From the vibration reduction principle of local resonance type vibration reduction structure, the vibration reduction frequency range is mainly related to the elastic coefficient of the rubber ring, the density difference of the weight block and the spring column, etc. In the case of unchanged structure parameters and material parameters, changing the resonance frequency is the key research direction of tuning. For conventional vibration reduction bearing, the main methods of frequency adjustment include adjusting the thickness or length of the rubber ring, changing the mass of the vibration weight block to change the resonance frequency. But replacing the rubber ring will cause the whole structure to loosen and reduce the performance of the vibration reduction structure. Replacing the vibration weight block cannot change the mass too much due to the size limitation, and especially when the mass needs to be increased, the mass cannot be increased due to the size limitation of the rubber column and the rubber ring. SUMMARY

[0006] Invention purposes: In view of the problems of low-frequency vibration reduction difficulty and vibration frequency being unable to be adjusted of the current ordinary damping rubber support, the purpose of the present application is to provide a frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support and a manufacturing method thereof, the tunable damping rubber support is provided with through grooves on the rubber ring and the counterweight, the rubber ring and the counterweight are fixed by inserting the through grooves with bolts and nuts through the adjusting device, then the resonance frequency of the structure is changed by adjusting the positions of the bolts and nuts in the through grooves to meet different damping effects. The support realizes the frequency tuning of low-frequency and medium-high-frequency combined vibration reduction, the low-frequency vibration reduction range can be flexibly adjusted without changing the structure and materials. The effective and adjustable damping support solution is provided for various devices under different working conditions. Moreover, the structure is simple, and the installation, debugging and later maintenance cost is low.

[0007] Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0008] A frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support, comprising: a rubber support column 1, a rubber ring 2, a counterweight 3, an adjusting device 4 and a connecting bottom plate 5.

[0009] The rubber support column 1 is a solid cylinder, which plays a role of supporting and limiting displacement, and can also play a role of a spring with great stiffness, thereby reducing the amplitude of medium-high-frequency vibration.

[0010] The rubber ring 2 is a cylinder with a through groove, which is sleeved on the rubber column 1 and is completely connected with the rubber column 1, thereby forming a spring system with small stiffness and being capable of absorbing low-frequency vibration energy.

[0011] The counterweight is a cylinder with a through groove, which is sleeved on the rubber column 1 and is installed between the two rubber rings 2 through the adjusting device 4, the inner diameter of the counterweight is greater than the outer diameter of the rubber column 1, and the two are not in contact.

[0012] The connecting bottom plate 5 is arranged at each end of the rubber support column 1, and the connecting bottom plate 5 is connected and fixed with the bottom of the vibrating object and the foundation through four holes on the connecting bottom plate 5 using bolts.

[0013] The connecting device is composed of eight nuts and two screw rods, and the rubber ring 2 and the counterweight 3 are fixed through the nuts and the screw rods. Among them, the two screw rods are fixed in the through groove, and four nuts are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower rubber rings, the position of the adjusting device in the through groove is adjusted, the connecting position of the counterweight and the rubber ring through groove is changed, the elastic coefficient in the spring-vibrator system is changed, and the natural frequency of the structure is changed to meet the damping effect under different vibration frequencies.

[0014] The rubber ring and the weight block are both cylinders with through grooves, and the outer diameters of the two are the same, the through groove specifications and positions are also the same, the through groove depth is less than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the weight block, the through grooves are located in the same vertical plane during installation, and the damping effect of different frequencies can be adjusted by adjusting the fixed position of the adjusting screw in the through groove.

[0015] The rubber support 1 can be made of a wear-resistant material with elasticity such as silicone rubber or nitrile rubber. The rubber ring 2 is made of natural rubber with good elasticity; the weight block 3 can be made of metal materials such as steel, iron, copper or materials with high density such as granite; and the adjusting device is usually made of metal materials such as steel or copper.

[0016] Further, the above structure is a single-vibrator type damping rubber support, which can only achieve damping effect within a certain frequency range. If multiple main frequency vibrations need to be damped simultaneously, the length of the rubber column 1 can be increased, and other size rubber rings 2 and weight blocks 3 can be added to the rubber column. At this time, the rubber column realizes multiple degrees of freedom vibration, and the damping structures composed of different rubber rings and weight blocks have different ranges of damping effect, which can realize joint damping effect of multiple frequency bands when used together.

[0017] A method for manufacturing a frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Process a standard cylinder with silicone rubber material as a rubber support column 1, which supports and damps the object to be damped. Process the rubber ring and the weight block into a symmetrical structure with through grooves. Bond the rubber support column 1 and the rubber ring 2, and fix the weight block 3 between the two rubber rings through the through grooves by the fixing device 4. Bond and fix the rubber column and the connecting bottom plate, and fix the vibration source and the ground or fixed object through bolts through the upper and lower connecting bottom plates. The radius and height of the rubber support column 1 are adjusted according to the high-frequency main peak of the measured vibration source, and the specific relationship is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein r is the radius of the rubber support column, h is the height of the rubber support column, E is the elastic modulus of the rubber, and m is the mass of the rubber support column;

[0021] Step 2: Pass the rubber support column 1 through the middle hole of the weight block 3 without contacting the weight block to avoid reducing the damping effect.

[0022] The weight block is made of high-density materials such as granite, iron block, etc., and has a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the rubber support column;

[0023] In order to realize the damping effect within 10Hz, according to the resonance frequency calculation formula:

[0024]

[0025] wherein is the equivalent elastic coefficient of the rubber ring, and other parameters are the same as above.

[0026] Therefore, the mass m of the counterweight needs to satisfy:

[0027]

[0028] Generally, the mass of the counterweight needs to be greater than 8 kg to ensure the low-frequency damping effect of the structure.

[0029] Step 3: The rubber support 1 of the counterweight 3 in step 2 is inserted through the middle hole of the rubber ring 2 at both ends, so that one rubber ring is arranged above and below the counterweight 3, and the spacing is equal.

[0030] The rubber ring is made of natural rubber and has a cylindrical structure. The rubber ring is connected and fixed with the rubber support by a rubber adhesive.

[0031] The rubber ring and the counterweight each have a through slot in the height direction on the same diameter. The through slot is horizontally through to the periphery and does not reach the center. The two rubber rings and the through slot of the counterweight are adjusted to be in the same vertical plane.

[0032] Step 4: The screw rod of the adjusting device is fixed in the through slot, and the rubber ring 2 and the counterweight 3 are fixed by means of the screw rod and the nut. The positions of the adjusting devices on both sides are adjusted to be 1 cm away from the periphery.

[0033] The adjusting device is composed of 4 nuts and 1 screw rod. The 4 nuts are respectively located between the upper and lower rubber rings, and firmly fix the rubber ring 2 and the counterweight. When the fixing device needs to be adjusted, the uppermost and lowermost nuts are loosened, the position of the screw rod in the through slot is moved, and the nuts are tightened again. Step 5: The two ends of the rubber support 1 are fixed with the connecting bottom plate 5, and the assembly of the composite damping rubber support is completed.

[0034] An application of a frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support includes the following steps:

[0035] (1) When the support is installed, the number of supports and the spacing distance are adjusted according to the mass of the object above the support and the width of the bottom.

[0036] (2) The connecting bottom plate below the rubber support is fixed with the track bed through the hole by means of bolts, and the upper connecting bottom plate 5 is fixed with the tunnel foundation.

[0037] Advantages:

[0038] (1) The present application constructs a frequency-tunable composite damping rubber bearing, which realizes the joint damping effect of low frequency and medium-high frequency. Without changing the structure and material parameters, the low-frequency damping frequency range can be changed by adjusting the position of the counterweight structure on the rubber ring structure through the adjusting device, realizing the flexible and adjustable purpose of the damping frequency of the composite damping rubber bearing. It overcomes the fixed frequency and high frequency of the traditional rubber bearing, and has simple structure and economic applicability.

[0039] (2) The rubber ring and the counterweight block are connected by bolts and nuts, and the natural frequency of the spring-mass system composed of the rubber ring and the counterweight block is changed by adjusting the position of the bolt in the through slot; the rubber ring-counterweight block for suppressing low-frequency vibration is directly connected with the high-damping rubber column for absorbing high-frequency vibration energy. Low-frequency damping of different frequencies is realized within 10Hz. The damping effect of more than 15dB is realized in the medium-high frequency band above 100Hz. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frequency-tunable composite damping rubber bearing of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 It is the frequency response curve of the adjusting device 3cm, 2cm, 1cm of the frequency-tunable composite damping rubber bearing of the present application (the insert is a partial enlarged view, and the explanation of different lines is the same as that of the large drawing).

[0042] Figure 3 It is a top view of the adjusting device 4 at different positions of the through slot in Example 3; wherein,

[0043] (A) is the adjusting device 4 at a distance of 1cm from the periphery of the through slot;

[0044] (B) is the adjusting device 4 at a distance of 2cm from the periphery of the through slot;

[0045] (C) is the adjusting device 4 at a distance of 3cm from the periphery of the through slot;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a common rubber isolation bearing.

[0047] Explanation of reference signs: 1-rubber column, 2-rubber ring, 3-counterweight block, 4-adjusting device, 5-connection base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments:

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The frequency-tunable damping rubber support is composed of five parts, including a rubber column 1, a rubber ring 2, a counterweight 3, an adjusting device 4 and a connecting bottom plate 5. The middle rubber column 1 plays a supporting role, and at the same time, the rubber column 1 can play a role of a spring with great stiffness, reducing the amplitude of medium-high frequency vibration. The rubber ring 2 is completely connected with the rubber column 1, forming a spring system with small stiffness, which can absorb low-frequency vibration energy.

[0051] The counterweight 3 is installed between the upper and lower rubber rings 2 through the adjusting device 4, and the elastic coefficient in the spring-oscillator system is changed by changing the connecting position of the counterweight 3 and the through groove of the rubber ring through the adjusting device 4, so as to change the natural frequency of the structure to meet the damping effect under different vibration frequencies.

[0052] The rubber ring 2 is fixedly connected with the rubber column 1, and in the later stage, heating or chemical adhesive and the like can be used to fix the two closely, wherein the rubber ring 2 is preferably made of a material with small rigidity, so as to ensure the effectiveness of low-frequency damping, and at the same time, the damping of the rubber itself can also absorb part of the energy.

[0053] The counterweight 3 is made of high-density material, in order to realize the damping effect within 10 Hz, according to the resonance frequency calculation formula:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, is the equivalent elastic coefficient of the rubber ring, and f is the vibration frequency.

[0056] Therefore, the mass m of the counterweight needs to meet:

[0057]

[0058] Generally, the mass m of the counterweight needs to be greater than 8 kg to ensure the low-frequency damping effect of the structure, and in order to realize the economic effect, granite, iron block and the like can be used to make. It is noted that the counterweight does not contact the rubber column 1, so as to avoid causing the damping effect to decrease.

[0059] If the damping frequency is changed by adjusting the position of the rubber ring, the influence of the position of the rubber ring needs to be considered, and the corresponding equivalent elastic coefficient is:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, d is the distance from the screw rod of the adjusting device to the outer edge of the through groove.

[0062] The rubber ring 2 and the counterweight 3 are provided with two through grooves in diameters, the through grooves do not pass through the center, extend from the outside to the inside, and are symmetrical, so that the installation is convenient and the accuracy of the frequency adjustment and damping is ensured.

[0063] The adjusting device 4 is composed of 4 nuts and 1 screw rod, and the rubber ring 2 and the weight block 3 are fixed by the nuts and the screw rod. The 4 nuts are respectively arranged between the upper and lower rubber rings 2, and the rubber rings 2 and the weight block are fixed firmly. When the fixing device needs to be adjusted, the uppermost and lowermost nuts are loosened, the screw rod is moved to the position of the center of the circle in the through slot, and the nuts are tightened again. The two opposite through slots are provided with adjusting devices, and the positions are symmetrical.

[0064] Embodiment 2: Production process of the composite damping rubber support

[0065] In this embodiment, the rubber support column 1 and the connecting bottom plate 5 are made of silicone rubber, with a radius of 5 cm and a height of 20 cm.

[0066] The rubber ring 2 has an outer diameter of 12 cm, an inner diameter of 6 cm, and a height of 1 cm, and is made of natural rubber.

[0067] The weight block 3 and the adjusting device 4 are made of steel, wherein the weight block has an inner diameter of 6 cm and an outer diameter of 12 cm; the adjusting device 4 weighs 0.4 kg. The connecting bottom plate 5 has a side length of 30 cm. The depth of the through slot is 4 cm. The screw rod of the adjusting device 4 is fixed at a distance of 1 cm from the outer periphery of the through slot (see Figure 1 ).

[0068] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: A standard cylinder with a radius of 5 cm and a height of 12 cm is processed by using silicone rubber material as the rubber support column 1.

[0070] Step 2: The rubber support column 1 is inserted through the middle hole of the weight block 3, and the weight block is made of steel and has a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter of 12 cm and an inner diameter of 6 cm, which is larger than the outer diameter of the rubber support column.

[0071] Step 3: The rubber support column 1 inserted through the weight block 3 in step 2 is inserted through the middle hole of one rubber ring 2 at each end, so that one rubber ring is arranged above and below the weight block 3 with equal spacing. The rubber ring is made of natural rubber and has a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter of 12 cm, an inner diameter of 6 cm, and a height of 2 cm. The rubber ring is fixed with the rubber support column by using rubber adhesive. The rubber ring has a through slot in the height direction on the same diameter, and the through slot does not reach the center in the horizontal direction (i.e., it does not pass through in the horizontal direction). The through slots of the upper and lower rubber rings and the weight block are adjusted to be in the same vertical plane.

[0072] Step 4: The screw rod of the adjusting device is fixed in the through slot, and the rubber ring 2 and the weight block 3 are fixed by the screw rod and the nut. The positions of the adjusting devices on both sides are adjusted to be at a distance of 1 cm from the outer periphery of the through slot.

[0073] Step 5: Fix both ends of the rubber support 1 to the connecting base plate 5 to complete the assembly of the composite vibration damping rubber support. Use bolts to connect and fix it to the bottom of the vibrating object and the foundation through the four holes on the connecting base plate 5.

[0074] Specific usage process: Vibration damping bearings can be applied to the bottom of various vibrating equipment. Taking subway track bed as an example, when installing the bearings, firstly, the number and spacing of the bearings need to be adjusted according to the mass of the object above the bearing and the width of the bottom; then, the lower connecting base plate 5 is connected and fixed to the track bed with bolts through the holes, and the upper connecting base plate 5 is fixed to the tunnel foundation.

[0075] Example 3: Investigation of the vibration reduction effect of composite vibration-damping rubber bearing

[0076] Using the composite vibration-damping rubber bearing prepared in Example 2, the adjustment device was positioned at different locations within the through groove (A: 1 cm from the outer edge of the through groove; B: 2 cm from the outer edge of the through groove; C: 3 cm from the outer edge of the through groove; i.e., d = 1, 2, and 3 cm respectively), and its effect on adjusting the vibration-damping frequency range was investigated. The results are shown below. Figure 2 It can be seen that, compared to Figure 4 The commonly seen rubber vibration damping bearings [Wang Dongmei. Analysis of the seismic isolation performance of frame structures with lead-core rubber seismic isolation bearings [D]. Chengdu University of Technology, 2016], the tunable composite vibration damping rubber bearing of the present invention can achieve low-frequency vibration damping effect below 10Hz. By adjusting the fixed position of the adjustment device in the through groove, the vibration damping frequency range can be adjusted.

[0077] In the low-frequency region, the fixed position of the adjustment device affects the low-frequency damping range. The tunable damping rubber support exhibits an attenuation range, particularly below 10Hz. Specifically, the adjustment devices are positioned at distances of 1, 2, and 3 cm from the outer edge of the channel, creating two low-frequency band gaps. Notably, a third band gap appears at a distance of 1 cm from the outer edge of the channel. The specific damping ranges are shown in Table 1. As the fixed position of the adjustment device 4 moves further from the inside of the channel, the low-frequency band gap range gradually decreases, and the width and attenuation effect of the attenuation region also decrease.

[0078] Table 1 Low-frequency bandgap range

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] In the higher frequency range, there are multiple frequency band attenuation intervals, and the overall attenuation trend is basically the same. Compared with the average attenuation effect of 7dB of ordinary rubber bearings, the comprehensive attenuation of tunable composite vibration damping rubber bearings in the high frequency vibration reduction range can reach 15dB.

[0082] The technical principles of the present application are described above in combination with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present application in any way. Based on the explanations herein, other specific embodiments of the present application can be conceived by those skilled in the art without any creative effort, and these embodiments are all deemed to be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A frequency-tunable composite vibration isolating rubber mount, characterized by, It comprises: rubber support, rubber ring, weight block, adjusting device, connecting bottom plate; The rubber support is a solid cylinder, and the rubber ring is sleeved on the rubber column, and the two are completely connected after the rubber ring is sleeved on the rubber column, so that a small-rigidity spring system is formed, and low-frequency vibration energy is absorbed; The weight block is sleeved on the rubber column, and the two do not contact; the weight block is installed between the two rubber rings through the adjusting device, and the weight block and the rubber ring form a spring-mass system, and the natural frequency is adjustable; The rubber support is provided with a connecting bottom plate at each end, and the upper and lower connecting bottom plates are respectively connected and fixed with the bottom of the vibrating object and the foundation; The frequency-tunable composite vibration reduction rubber support is a single-vibrator type vibration reduction rubber support; By increasing the rubber ring and the weight block of different sizes on the rubber column to form a spring-mass system, multiple degrees of freedom of vibration are generated on the rubber column, and the joint vibration reduction effect of multiple frequency bands is realized; the rubber ring and the weight block are both cylinders with a through slot, and the outer diameters of the two are the same; The rubber ring and the weight block are provided with two through slots in the diameter, the through slots do not pass through the center, extend from the outside to the inside, and are symmetrical, so that installation is convenient and the accuracy of frequency adjustment and vibration reduction is ensured; The through slots of the rubber ring and the weight block are the same in specification and position, the through slots penetrate the outer periphery, and the depth is less than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the weight block; During installation, the through slots of the rubber ring and the weight block are located in the same vertical plane, the screw rod of the adjusting device is fixed in the through slot, the upper and lower sides of the rubber ring are both positioned by the nut, the position of the adjusting device in the through slot is adjusted, the connecting position of the through slots of the weight block and the rubber ring is changed, the elastic coefficient in the spring-mass system is changed, and thus the natural frequency of the structure is changed to meet the vibration reduction effect under different vibration frequencies.

2. The frequency-tunable composite vibration reduction rubber support according to claim 1, wherein The material of the rubber support is a wear-resistant material with elasticity, such as silicone rubber and nitrile rubber; The rubber ring is made of natural rubber with good elasticity; The weight block is made of metal material or material with large density, such as granite.

3. The frequency-tunable composite vibration reduction rubber support according to claim 1, wherein The specification of the rubber support is that the radius is 5-10 cm and the height is 10-30 cm; The specification of the weight block is that the outer diameter is 15-30 cm, the inner diameter is 6-20 cm, and the inner diameter is greater than the radius of the rubber support; The rubber ring is connected with the rubber support in a hot melting or adhering manner.

4. The design method of the frequency-tunable composite vibration reduction rubber support according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: processing a standard cylinder as a rubber support, the rubber support supports and reduces vibration of the object, the radius and height of the rubber support are adjusted according to the high-frequency main peak of the vibration source of the object, and the specific relationship is as follows: ； wherein f is the vibration frequency, r is the radius of the rubber support, h is the height of the rubber support, E is the elastic modulus of the rubber, and m is the mass of the rubber support; Step 2: the rubber support is passed through the middle hole of the weight block, and does not contact the weight block, so as to avoid reducing the vibration reduction effect; The weight block is a cylinder, and the inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the rubber support; In order to realize the vibration reduction effect within 10 Hz, the resonance frequency calculation formula is as follows: ； wherein K is the equivalent elastic coefficient of the rubber ring; then the mass of the counterweight The following needs to be satisfied: ； Step 3: the rubber pillar of the weight block in step 2 is penetrated, and the rubber ring is arranged on the weight block in an equal interval. Step 4: the screw rod of the adjusting device is fixed in the through slot, and the rubber ring and the weight block are fixed by the screw rod and the nut. Step 5: the two ends of the rubber pillar are fixed with the connecting bottom plate, and the assembly of the composite damping rubber support is completed.

5. The application of the frequency-tunable composite damping rubber support according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: (1) when the support is installed, the number and interval distance of the supports are adjusted according to the mass of the object on the upper part of the support and the width of the bottom part. (2) the connecting bottom plate below the rubber support is fixed with the track bed through the hole by the bolt, and the connecting bottom plate 5 above is fixed with the tunnel foundation. (3) when the adjusting device needs to be adjusted, the two nuts at the uppermost and lowermost positions of the rubber ring are loosened, the position of the screw rod in the through slot is moved, and the nuts are tightened again. The inherent frequency of the spring-mass system composed of the rubber ring and the weight block is changed by adjusting the position of the adjusting device in the through slot. The rubber ring-weight block is used for suppressing low-frequency vibration, and the high-damping rubber column is directly connected and used for absorbing high-frequency vibration energy.

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