A method, device and equipment for discharging high voltage of an electric vehicle and a storage medium

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automotive discharge technology, and discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for discharging high voltage in electric vehicles. The method includes: a vehicle controller receiving a high voltage discharge command; the high voltage discharge command includes a non-emergency high voltage discharge command and an emergency high voltage discharge command; the emergency high voltage discharge command refers to a collision emergency high voltage discharge signal or a battery thermal runaway emergency high voltage discharge command; the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to send the high voltage discharge command to the battery management system and the motor controller; when the motor controller receives the high voltage discharge command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high voltage discharge command, determining whether to perform active discharge or passive discharge. By applying the technical solution of this invention, active discharge and passive discharge are effectively combined for the target discharge modes corresponding to non-emergency and emergency high voltage discharge situations, respectively, to ensure the reliability of discharge control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive discharge technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for high-voltage discharge in electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Current electric vehicle discharge control strategies primarily involve the vehicle controller disconnecting both the main positive and negative relays of the battery before sending an active discharge command. The motor controller then responds to this command to release energy from the circuit. However, this simple strategy is prone to failure in emergency situations such as active discharge failure, collisions, battery thermal runaway, or situations where the vehicle controller malfunctions and cannot send power-off or discharge command requests, or where the motor speed is too high to initiate active discharge. This can lead to discharge failure, preventing timely energy release from the circuit and endangering personnel safety. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reliable electric vehicle discharge system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for discharging high voltage in electric vehicles, which solves the technical problem of unreliable discharge in the prior art.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle is provided, the method comprising:

[0005] The vehicle controller receives a high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the high-voltage reduction command includes a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command and an emergency high-voltage reduction command; the emergency high-voltage reduction command is a collision emergency high-voltage reduction signal or a battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage reduction command;

[0006] The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command to the battery management system and the motor controller;

[0007] When the battery management system receives the shutdown command, it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the vehicle controller.

[0008] When the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and the bus voltage.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, after the battery management system receives the shutdown command, disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays to the vehicle controller, the method further includes:

[0010] After receiving the disconnection signal from the main positive and main negative relays, the vehicle controller sends the active discharge command to the motor controller.

[0011] When the motor controller receives the active discharge command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the active discharge command.

[0012] In one alternative approach, the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending the high-voltage down command to the battery management system and the motor controller, including:

[0013] The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command and the shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

[0014] In one optional approach, when the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including:

[0015] When the high-voltage command is a non-emergency high-voltage command, the motor controller performs the active discharge and monitors the bus voltage to determine whether the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a first preset time.

[0016] If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0017] If the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period, the motor controller will autonomously perform the active discharge again.

[0018] In one alternative approach, the step of the motor controller autonomously performing the active discharge again if the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period includes:

[0019] Determine whether the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period.

[0020] If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0021] If the bus voltage is still greater than the non-emergency preset threshold after the second preset time has elapsed, then the passive discharge is executed until the process ends.

[0022] In one optional approach, when the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including:

[0023] When the high-pressure reduction command is an emergency high-pressure reduction command, the system actively enters a fault state, the motor controller is disabled, and a motor controller stop-enable command is sent back to the vehicle controller; after receiving the emergency high-pressure reduction command;

[0024] Determine if the motor speed is less than a preset speed threshold;

[0025] If the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold, then active discharge is performed;

[0026] If the motor speed is not less than the preset speed threshold, passive discharge is performed. During the passive discharge process, the speed is continuously judged. When the speed is less than the preset speed threshold, active discharge is automatically performed.

[0027] In one alternative approach, after the active discharge is performed, the method further includes:

[0028] Monitor whether the bus voltage is not greater than an emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period;

[0029] If the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0030] If the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, active discharge is performed again. If the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within a fourth preset time, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. The fourth preset time is longer than the third preset time.

[0031] If the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time, the motor controller will automatically perform passive discharge.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, a high-voltage discharge device for an electric vehicle is provided, comprising:

[0033] The high-voltage command receiving module is used by the vehicle controller to receive high-voltage commands; wherein, the high-voltage commands include non-emergency high-voltage commands and emergency high-voltage commands; the emergency high-voltage commands are collision emergency high-voltage signals and battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage commands;

[0034] The high-voltage command sending module is used by the vehicle controller to control the vehicle to stop and unload, and to send the high-voltage command to the battery management system and the motor controller;

[0035] The battery management system processing module is used to disconnect the main positive relay and the main negative relay when the battery management system receives the shutdown command, and to send the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals back to the vehicle controller.

[0036] The target discharge mode execution module is used to execute the target discharge mode corresponding to the high voltage reduction command when the motor controller receives the high voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and bus voltage.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present invention, a high-voltage discharge device for an electric vehicle is provided, comprising:

[0038] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0039] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle.

[0040] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, a high-voltage down command is received by the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller then controls the vehicle to stop and unload, sending the high-voltage down command to the battery management system and the motor controller. Upon receiving the high-voltage down command, the motor controller executes the target discharge method corresponding to the command. Specifically, the discharge method for a non-emergency high-voltage down command is determined based on the bus voltage, involving active and / or passive discharge. The discharge method for an emergency high-voltage down command is determined based on the motor speed and bus voltage, involving active and / or passive discharge. Discharge strategies are formulated for both non-emergency and emergency high-voltage down situations, effectively combining active and passive discharge to improve the accuracy of discharge control.

[0042] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart of a high-voltage discharge method for an electric vehicle provided by the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figures 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c) show flowchart examples of a non-emergency high-voltage discharge method provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A structural framework diagram of a discharge system provided by the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figures 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c) show flowchart examples of an emergency high-voltage discharge method provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural framework of a high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles provided by the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 6 The diagram shows a structural framework of a high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a high-voltage discharge method for an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0052] S100, the vehicle controller receives high-voltage down commands; among them, high-voltage down commands include non-emergency high-voltage down commands and emergency high-voltage down commands; emergency high-voltage down commands are collision emergency high-voltage down signals and battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage down commands.

[0053] In this embodiment, the emergency high-voltage signal refers to: a collision emergency high-voltage signal and a battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage signal; the non-emergency high-voltage signal refers to: a normal high-voltage signal in non-collision or non-battery thermal runaway emergency situations. In this embodiment, after the vehicle sends a high-voltage signal, the signal is analyzed to determine whether it is an emergency or non-emergency high-voltage command.

[0054] S101, the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high-voltage command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

[0055] In this embodiment, after receiving a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command, the VCU (Vehicle Controller) controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending a shutdown command to the MCU (Motor Controller) and a high-voltage reduction command to the BMS (Battery Management System). In this embodiment, after receiving an emergency high-voltage reduction command, the VCU controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending a high-voltage reduction command to the BMS.

[0056] It should be noted that the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending a high-voltage down command to the battery management system and the motor controller. This can include: the vehicle controller controlling the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending both a high-voltage down command and a shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller. This embodiment controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, simultaneously sending both the high-voltage down command and the shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller. Because this embodiment sends a shutdown command to the battery management system, it can improve the safety of discharge.

[0057] S102 When the battery management system receives a shutdown command, it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the vehicle controller.

[0058] In this embodiment, after the BMS receives a non-emergency high-pressure command, it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the VCU; or after the BMS receives an emergency high-pressure command or an emergency high-pressure signal for a preset time (the preset time is an empirical value set by the user, such as 100ms), it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the VCU.

[0059] In this embodiment, after the battery management system receives the shutdown command, disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals back to the vehicle controller, the embodiment may further include: after receiving the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals, the vehicle controller sends an active discharge command to the motor controller; upon receiving the active discharge command, the motor controller executes the target discharge method corresponding to the active discharge command. This embodiment promptly sends an active discharge command to the motor controller after the vehicle controller receives the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals, improving the efficiency of active discharge.

[0060] S103, when the motor controller receives a high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to an emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and bus voltage.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the received high-voltage reduction command is a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command, after receiving the shutdown command, the MCU controls the motor to stop working, and the speed is lower than a preset speed threshold, for example, 500 rpm, and then the shutdown status is fed back to the VCU. After receiving the active discharge command, the MCU performs active discharge. If the bus voltage is not greater than the preset voltage threshold (for example, 60V) within a first preset time threshold (for example, 3 seconds), the MCU sends an active discharge completion message to the VCU, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the MCU performs active discharge again. If the bus voltage is not greater than the preset voltage threshold within a second preset time threshold (for example, 10 seconds) (a total of three active discharges), the MCU sends an active discharge completion message to the VCU, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is still greater than the preset voltage threshold after the second preset time threshold, the MCU performs passive discharge automatically. Alternatively, when the high-voltage command is an emergency high-voltage command, upon receiving the emergency high-voltage command, the MCU actively enters a fault state, disables the MCU, and sends a stop-enable command to the VCU. Upon receiving an active discharge command or an emergency high-voltage signal threshold (e.g., 1 second), the MCU checks the motor speed. If the motor speed is less than the emergency motor speed threshold (e.g., 500 rpm), active discharge is executed. If the motor speed is not less than the emergency motor speed threshold, passive discharge is executed. During passive discharge, speed is continuously checked. If the speed is less than the emergency motor speed threshold, active discharge is automatically initiated. After active discharge, if the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency voltage threshold (60V) within the first emergency time (e.g., 1 second), an active discharge completion message is sent to the VCU, ending the discharge. If the bus voltage is greater than the emergency voltage threshold, active discharge is executed again. If the bus voltage is less than the emergency voltage threshold within the second emergency time (e.g., 1 minute) (while continuously executing active discharge), an active discharge completion message is sent to the VCU, ending the discharge. If the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency voltage threshold after the second emergency time, the MCU will automatically perform passive discharge.

[0062] It should be noted that when the motor controller receives a high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the command. This may include: when the high-voltage reduction command is a non-emergency command, the motor controller performs active discharge and monitors the bus voltage to determine whether the bus voltage is greater than a non-emergency preset threshold within a first preset time. If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, the motor controller autonomously performs active discharge again. This embodiment does not limit the specific first preset time; for example, the first preset time could be 3 seconds, or it could be 2 seconds. This embodiment will perform active discharge promptly according to the set first preset time, improving the efficiency of active discharge.

[0063] It should be noted that if the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, the motor controller will autonomously perform active discharge again. This may include: determining whether the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a second preset time; wherein the second preset time is greater than the first preset time; if the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; if the bus voltage is still greater than the non-emergency preset threshold after the second preset time has elapsed, passive discharge is performed until the process ends. This embodiment does not limit the specific second preset time, as long as the second preset time is greater than the first preset time. For example, the second preset time can be 10 seconds, or the second preset time can be 10 seconds. This embodiment will perform timely passive discharge based on the second preset time, improving the efficiency of passive discharge.

[0064] It should be noted that when the motor controller receives a high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the command. This may include: if the high-voltage reduction command is an emergency high-voltage reduction command, the controller actively enters a fault state, disables the motor controller, and sends a stop-enable command to the vehicle controller; after receiving the emergency high-voltage reduction command, the motor controller determines whether the motor speed is less than a preset speed threshold; if the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold, it performs active discharge; if the motor speed is not less than the preset speed threshold, it performs passive discharge. During the passive discharge process, speed determination is continuously performed, and when the speed is less than the preset speed threshold, it automatically switches to active discharge. This embodiment performs active discharge based on the motor speed, improving the accuracy of active discharge.

[0065] It should be noted that after performing active discharge, the process may further include: monitoring whether the bus voltage is not greater than an emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period; if the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; if the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, active discharge is performed again; if the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within a fourth preset time period, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; wherein, the fourth preset time period is longer than the third preset time period; if the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time period, the motor controller automatically performs passive discharge. This embodiment continuously performs active and passive discharges to improve the reliability of the discharge.

[0066] As can be seen, this embodiment addresses issues such as active discharge failure, communication interruptions due to emergencies like collisions or battery thermal runaway preventing the transmission of high-voltage or discharge requests, or discharge failure caused by excessive motor speed. It employs a combined active and passive discharge solution to improve discharge reliability. Furthermore, it promptly sends active discharge commands to the motor controller, enhancing discharge safety. It also performs a shutdown and unloading process, further improving vehicle safety. Finally, it combines active and passive discharge in a timely manner, enhancing both the reliability and efficiency of the discharge process.

[0067] Figures 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c) show flowchart examples of a non-emergency high-voltage discharge method provided by the present invention. As shown in Figures 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c), the discharge system framework corresponding to this non-emergency high-voltage discharge method is shown below. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This invention provides a structural framework diagram of a discharge system, which includes a vehicle control unit (VCU), a battery management system (BMS), and a motor controller (MCU). The non-emergency high-voltage discharge method includes the following steps:

[0068] 1. After receiving the high-pressure command under non-emergency conditions, the VCU controls the unloading of the entire vehicle, reduces the vehicle speed, clears the torque, and sends a shutdown command to the MCU.

[0069] In this embodiment, active and passive discharge should meet the definition requirements of active and passive discharge in the national standard for drive motor systems for electric vehicles, GB / T18488.1-2015. The emergency high-voltage signal refers to: the high-voltage signal under collision emergency and the high-voltage signal under battery thermal runaway emergency.

[0070] 2. After receiving the VCU stop command, the MCU stops enabling, reduces the speed, clears the torque, and then sends the MCU stop status back to the VCU when the speed is no more than 500 rpm.

[0071] 3. After receiving the MCU shutdown information, the VCU determines whether the vehicle unloading is complete. If the vehicle unloading is complete, it sends a high-voltage command to the BMS. If the vehicle unloading is not yet complete, it continues to wait.

[0072] 4. After receiving the high-voltage command from the VCU, the BMS disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a signal to the VCU that the main positive and main negative relays have been disconnected.

[0073] 5. After receiving the BMS main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals, the VCU sends an active discharge command to the MCU.

[0074] 6. After receiving the active discharge command, the MCU will perform active discharge and monitor the bus voltage. If the bus voltage is not greater than 60V within 3 seconds, the MCU will send an active discharge completion message to the VCU, and the discharge will end.

[0075] 7. If the bus voltage is detected to be greater than 60V within 3 seconds, the MCU will automatically perform active discharge again. If the bus voltage is not greater than 60V within 10 seconds (a total of three active discharges), the active discharge completion message will be sent to the VCU, and the discharge will end.

[0076] 8. If the bus voltage is still greater than 60V after 10 seconds, then perform passive discharge until the process ends.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, under non-emergency high-voltage conditions, the MCU prioritizes active discharge to release circuit energy. However, if the bus voltage is still not less than 60V after 10 seconds, the active discharge fails, and the MCU autonomously performs passive discharge to release circuit energy, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the discharge control system. This example combines active and passive discharge processes to ensure the reliability of discharge control, thereby ensuring the high-voltage safety of personnel and vehicles.

[0078] Figures 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c) show flowchart examples of an emergency high-voltage discharge method provided by the present invention. As shown in Figures 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c), the discharge system framework corresponding to this emergency high-voltage discharge method is shown below. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural framework diagram of a discharge system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The emergency high-voltage discharge method includes the following steps:

[0079] 1. After receiving the emergency high-pressure reduction command, the VCU controls the entire vehicle to unload, reduce the vehicle speed, clear the torque, and send the high-pressure reduction command to the BMS.

[0080] In this embodiment, active and passive discharge should meet the definitions of active and passive discharge in the national standard GB / T18488.1-2015 for drive motor systems in electric vehicles. The non-emergency high-voltage signal refers to the normal high-voltage signal under conditions other than collisions or battery thermal runaway emergencies. The motor controller fault state refers to the motor controller disabling motor operation, actively clearing torque, and reducing speed. Specifically, a motor speed less than 500 rpm indicates the motor has stopped and active discharge can be performed; a motor speed of 500 rpm or higher indicates the motor has not stopped and active discharge cannot be performed.

[0081] 2. After receiving a high-voltage command or an emergency high-voltage signal for 100ms, the BMS disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the VCU.

[0082] 3. After receiving the emergency high-voltage command, the MCU actively enters the fault state, disables the MCU, actively clears the torque, and reduces the speed.

[0083] 4. After receiving the BMS main positive and main negative relay disconnection command, the VCU sends an active discharge command to the MCU.

[0084] 5. After the MCU receives the active discharge command or the emergency high voltage signal for 1 second, it first judges the motor speed (stop). If the motor speed is less than 500 rpm, it performs active discharge. If the motor speed is not less than 500 rpm, it performs passive discharge. During the passive discharge process, the speed is continuously judged. When the speed is less than 500 rpm, it automatically switches to active discharge.

[0085] 6. When the speed is less than 500 rpm, after the active discharge is performed, if the bus voltage is detected to be less than 60V within 3 seconds, the active discharge completion message is sent to the VCU and the discharge ends.

[0086] 6. If the bus voltage is detected to be no less than 60V after 3 seconds, then perform active discharge again. If the bus voltage is no less than 60V within 1 minute (active discharge is performed continuously during this period), then send an active discharge completion message to the VCU and the discharge ends.

[0087] 7. If the bus voltage is still not less than 60V after 1 minute, then passive discharge is performed and the process ends.

[0088] The emergency high-voltage discharge method provided in this embodiment of the invention, under emergency high-voltage conditions, controls the VCU, MCU, and BMS to all receive the emergency high-voltage signal. After receiving the emergency high-voltage signal, the BMS can autonomously determine and complete the disconnection of the main positive and main negative relays; after receiving the emergency high-voltage signal, the MCU actively enters a fault state, stops enabling, and can autonomously determine and enter the discharge process. This ensures that even in emergency situations such as collisions or battery thermal runaway, where communication is lost and the BMS and MCU cannot receive VCU commands, the high-voltage discharge process can still be completed, ensuring the reliability of discharge control in emergency situations. It can be seen that under emergency high-voltage conditions, this embodiment considers both active and passive discharge processes. When, in an emergency, the motor speed exceeds 500 rpm for a short period (but has not stopped), and the motor cannot perform active discharge, it autonomously enters passive discharge to release circuit energy. When the speed is no more than 500 rpm, it automatically switches to active discharge to release circuit energy, ensuring the reliability of discharge execution. In emergency high-voltage situations, this example incorporates both active and passive discharge procedures. If the bus voltage remains above 60V for one minute after continuous active discharge, the active discharge fails, and the motor autonomously initiates passive discharge to release energy, ensuring the reliability of the discharge execution. This example ensures the effectiveness of the BMS autonomously disconnecting the main positive and negative relays and the MCU autonomously entering the discharge process in emergency situations, while also considering both active and passive discharge procedures, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of discharge control and ultimately ensuring the high-voltage safety of personnel and vehicles.

[0089] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural framework of a high-voltage discharge device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The device may include:

[0090] The high-voltage command receiving module 100 is used for the vehicle controller to receive high-voltage commands; wherein, the high-voltage commands include non-emergency high-voltage commands and emergency high-voltage commands; the emergency high-voltage commands are collision emergency high-voltage signals and battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage commands;

[0091] The high-voltage command sending module 200 is used by the vehicle controller to control the vehicle to stop and unload, and to send the high-voltage command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

[0092] The battery management system processing module 300 is used to disconnect the main positive relay and the main negative relay when the battery management system receives the shutdown command, and to send the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals to the vehicle controller.

[0093] The target discharge mode execution module 400 is used to execute the target discharge mode corresponding to the high voltage reduction command when the motor controller receives the high voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and the bus voltage.

[0094] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the above-mentioned high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles may further include:

[0095] The discharge command receiving module is used to send the active discharge command to the motor controller after the vehicle controller receives the disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays;

[0096] The motor controller executes the target discharge mode module, which is used to execute the target discharge mode corresponding to the active discharge command when the motor controller receives the active discharge command.

[0097] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the high-voltage command sending module 200 may include:

[0098] The high-voltage reduction command and shutdown command sending unit is used by the vehicle controller to control the vehicle to shut down and unload, and to send the high-voltage reduction command and shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

[0099] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the above-mentioned target discharge mode execution module 400 may include:

[0100] The bus voltage detection unit is used to determine whether the bus voltage is greater than a non-emergency preset threshold within a first preset time when the high voltage command is a non-emergency high voltage command;

[0101] According to the first preset time active discharge unit, if the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0102] The motor controller executes the active discharge unit again, which is used to autonomously execute the active discharge again if the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time.

[0103] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the motor controller may further execute the active discharge unit again, which may include:

[0104] The second preset time determination subunit is used to determine whether the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time; wherein, the second preset time is greater than the first preset time;

[0105] According to the second preset time active discharge unit, if the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0106] The passive discharge unit, based on the second preset time, is used to perform the passive discharge if the bus voltage is still greater than the non-emergency preset threshold after the second preset time has elapsed, until the process ends.

[0107] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the above-mentioned target discharge mode execution module 400 may include:

[0108] The fault state and disable unit is used to actively enter a fault state when the high-voltage command is the emergency high-voltage command, disable the motor controller, and send a motor controller stop enable command to the vehicle controller; after the motor controller receives the emergency high-voltage command;

[0109] The motor speed determination subunit is used to determine whether the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold.

[0110] The active discharge unit based on motor speed is used to perform active discharge if the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold.

[0111] The active and passive discharge units are based on the motor speed. If the motor speed is not less than the preset speed threshold, passive discharge is performed. During the passive discharge process, the speed is continuously judged. When the speed is less than the preset speed threshold, the active discharge is automatically switched to be performed.

[0112] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the above-mentioned high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles may further include:

[0113] The "whether it is greater than the emergency preset determination module" is used to monitor whether the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period.

[0114] The active discharge module based on the bus voltage is used to send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller if the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, and the discharge ends.

[0115] According to the fourth preset time active mode module, if the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, active discharge is performed again; if the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within the fourth preset time, active discharge completion is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; wherein, the fourth preset time is greater than the third preset time.

[0116] According to the passive discharge module with a fourth preset time, if the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time, the motor controller will automatically perform passive discharge.

[0117] The electric vehicle high-voltage discharge device provided in this embodiment of the invention may include: a high-voltage discharge command receiving module 100, used by the vehicle controller to receive high-voltage discharge commands; wherein, the high-voltage discharge commands include non-emergency high-voltage discharge commands and emergency high-voltage discharge commands; the emergency high-voltage discharge commands are collision emergency high-voltage discharge signals and battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage discharge commands; a high-voltage discharge command sending module 200, used by the vehicle controller to control the vehicle to stop and unload, and send the high-voltage discharge commands to the battery management system and the motor controller; a battery management system processing module 300, used by the battery management system to disconnect the main positive relay and the main negative relay when it receives the stop command, and to feed back the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals to the vehicle controller; and a target discharge mode execution module 400, used by the motor controller to execute the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage discharge command when it receives the high-voltage discharge command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high-voltage discharge command is to determine active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high-voltage discharge command is to determine active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and the bus voltage. As can be seen, this embodiment addresses issues such as active discharge failure, communication interruptions due to emergencies like collisions or battery thermal runaway preventing the transmission of high-voltage or discharge requests, or discharge failure caused by excessive motor speed. It employs a combined active and passive discharge solution to improve discharge reliability. Furthermore, it promptly sends active discharge commands to the motor controller, enhancing discharge safety. It also performs a shutdown and unloading process, further improving vehicle safety. Finally, it combines active and passive discharge in a timely manner, enhancing both the reliability and efficiency of the discharge process.

[0118] Figure 6 The diagram shows a structural framework of a high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles provided by the present invention. The specific embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation of the high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles.

[0119] like Figure 6As shown, the high-voltage discharge device for the electric vehicle may include: a processor 402, a communication interface 404, a memory 406, and a communication bus 408.

[0120] The processor 402, communication interface 404, and memory 406 communicate with each other via communication bus 408. Communication interface 404 is used to communicate with other network elements such as clients or other servers. The processor 402 executes program 410, specifically performing the relevant steps in the above-described embodiment of the high-voltage discharge method for electric vehicles.

[0121] Specifically, program 410 may include program code, which includes computer-executable instructions.

[0122] Processor 402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles includes one or more processors, which may be processors of the same type, such as one or more CPUs; or processors of different types, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0123] Memory 406 is used to store program 410. Memory 406 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0124] Specifically, program 410 can be called by processor 402 to cause the high-voltage discharge device of the electric vehicle to perform the following operations:

[0125] The vehicle controller receives a high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the high-voltage reduction command includes a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command and an emergency high-voltage reduction command; the emergency high-voltage reduction command is a collision emergency high-voltage reduction signal or a battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage reduction command;

[0126] The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command to the battery management system and the motor controller;

[0127] When the battery management system receives the shutdown command, it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the vehicle controller.

[0128] When the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and the bus voltage.

[0129] In one alternative embodiment, after the battery management system receives the shutdown command, disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays to the vehicle controller, the method further includes:

[0130] After receiving the disconnection signal from the main positive and main negative relays, the vehicle controller sends the active discharge command to the motor controller.

[0131] When the motor controller receives the active discharge command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the active discharge command.

[0132] In one alternative approach, the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to shut down and unload, sending the high-voltage down command to the battery management system and the motor controller, including:

[0133] The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command and the shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

[0134] In one optional approach, when the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including:

[0135] When the high-voltage command is a non-emergency high-voltage command, the motor controller performs the active discharge and monitors the bus voltage to determine whether the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a first preset time.

[0136] If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0137] If the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period, the motor controller will autonomously perform the active discharge again.

[0138] In one alternative approach, the step of the motor controller autonomously performing the active discharge again if the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period includes:

[0139] Determine whether the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period.

[0140] If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0141] If the bus voltage is still greater than the non-emergency preset threshold after the second preset time has elapsed, then the passive discharge is executed until the process ends.

[0142] In one optional approach, when the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including:

[0143] When the high-pressure reduction command is an emergency high-pressure reduction command, the system actively enters a fault state, the motor controller is disabled, and a motor controller stop-enable command is sent back to the vehicle controller; after receiving the emergency high-pressure reduction command;

[0144] Determine if the motor speed is less than a preset speed threshold;

[0145] If the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold, then active discharge is performed;

[0146] If the motor speed is not less than the preset speed threshold, passive discharge is performed. During the passive discharge process, the speed is continuously judged. When the speed is less than the preset speed threshold, active discharge is automatically performed.

[0147] In one alternative approach, after the active discharge is performed, the method further includes:

[0148] Monitor whether the bus voltage is not greater than an emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period;

[0149] If the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends.

[0150] If the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, active discharge is performed again. If the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within a fourth preset time, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. The fourth preset time is longer than the third preset time.

[0151] If the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time, the motor controller will automatically perform passive discharge.

[0152] As can be seen, the electric vehicle high-voltage discharge device provided in this embodiment adopts a combined active and passive discharge technical solution to address issues such as active discharge failure, communication interruptions caused by emergencies like collisions or battery thermal runaway leading to the inability to send high-voltage or discharge requests, or discharge failure due to excessive motor speed causing active discharge failure. This improves the reliability of discharge. Furthermore, it promptly sends active discharge commands to the motor controller, enhancing discharge safety. It also performs shutdown and unloading, improving vehicle safety. Finally, it performs both active and passive discharge in a timely manner, improving the reliability and efficiency of discharge.

[0153] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one executable instruction that, when executed on a high-voltage discharge device / apparatus for an electric vehicle, causes the high-voltage discharge device / apparatus for the electric vehicle to perform the high-voltage discharge method for an electric vehicle as described in any of the above method embodiments.

[0154] The algorithms or displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Furthermore, the embodiments of this invention are not directed to any particular programming language.

[0155] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Similarly, for the sake of brevity and to aid in understanding one or more aspects of the invention, in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention above, various features of the embodiments are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. The claims, which follow the detailed description, are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0156] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the device of the embodiment can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiment can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components, except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive.

[0157] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the invention and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be construed as limiting the order of execution.

Claims

1. A method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: The vehicle controller receives a high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the high-voltage reduction command includes a non-emergency high-voltage reduction command and an emergency high-voltage reduction command; the emergency high-voltage reduction command is a collision emergency high-voltage reduction signal or a battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage reduction command; The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command to the battery management system and the motor controller; When the battery management system receives a shutdown command, it disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the vehicle controller. When the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command; wherein, the discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the bus voltage, and the discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high-voltage reduction command is to perform active discharge and / or passive discharge based on the motor speed and the bus voltage. When the high-voltage reduction command is the emergency high-voltage reduction command, and after executing the active discharge corresponding to the emergency high-voltage reduction command, the method further includes: Monitor whether the bus voltage is not greater than an emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period; If the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, active discharge is performed again. If the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within a fourth preset time, an active discharge completion message is sent to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. The fourth preset time is longer than the third preset time. If the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time, the motor controller will automatically perform passive discharge.

2. The method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the battery management system receives a shutdown command, disconnects the main positive relay and the main negative relay, and sends a disconnection signal of the main positive and main negative relays back to the vehicle controller, the system further includes: After receiving the disconnection signal from the main positive and main negative relays, the vehicle controller sends the active discharge command to the motor controller. When the motor controller receives the active discharge command, it executes the target discharge method corresponding to the active discharge command.

3. The method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high-voltage reduction command to the battery management system and the motor controller, including: The vehicle controller controls the vehicle to stop and unload, and sends the high voltage reduction command and the shutdown command to the battery management system and the motor controller.

4. The method for discharging high voltage from an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including: When the high-voltage command is a non-emergency high-voltage command, the motor controller performs the active discharge and monitors the bus voltage to determine whether the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a first preset time. If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period, the motor controller will autonomously perform the active discharge again.

5. The method for discharging high voltage in an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the bus voltage is greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the first preset time period, the motor controller will autonomously perform the active discharge again, including: Determine whether the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within a second preset time period; wherein the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period. If the bus voltage is not greater than the non-emergency preset threshold within the second preset time, then send an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends. If the bus voltage is still greater than the non-emergency preset threshold after the second preset time has elapsed, then the passive discharge is executed until the process ends.

6. The method for discharging high voltage from an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When the motor controller receives the high-voltage reduction command, it executes the target discharge mode corresponding to the high-voltage reduction command, including: When the high-pressure reduction command is an emergency high-pressure reduction command, the system actively enters a fault state, the motor controller is disabled, and a motor controller stop-enable command is sent back to the vehicle controller; after receiving the emergency high-pressure reduction command; Determine if the motor speed is less than a preset speed threshold; If the motor speed is less than the preset speed threshold, then active discharge is performed; If the motor speed is not less than the preset speed threshold, passive discharge is performed. During the passive discharge process, the speed is continuously judged. When the speed is less than the preset speed threshold, active discharge is automatically performed.

7. A high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles, characterized in that, include: The high-voltage command receiving module is used by the vehicle controller to receive high-voltage commands; wherein, the high-voltage commands include non-emergency high-voltage commands and emergency high-voltage commands; the emergency high-voltage commands are collision emergency high-voltage signals and battery thermal runaway emergency high-voltage commands; The high-voltage command sending module is used by the vehicle controller to control the vehicle to stop and unload, and to send the high-voltage command to the battery management system and the motor controller; The battery management system processing module is used to disconnect the main positive relay and the main negative relay when the battery management system receives a shutdown command, and to send the main positive and main negative relay disconnection signals back to the vehicle controller. The target discharge mode execution module is used to execute the target discharge mode corresponding to the high voltage reduction command when the motor controller receives the high voltage reduction command. The discharge mode corresponding to the non-emergency high voltage reduction command is active discharge and / or passive discharge determined based on the bus voltage. The discharge mode corresponding to the emergency high voltage reduction command is active discharge and / or passive discharge determined based on the motor speed and bus voltage. When the high voltage reduction command is an emergency high voltage reduction command, and after executing the active discharge corresponding to the emergency high voltage reduction command, the module further includes: monitoring whether the bus voltage is not greater than an emergency preset threshold within a third preset time period; if the bus voltage is not greater than the emergency preset threshold, sending an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; if the bus voltage is detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold, performing active discharge again; if the bus voltage is less than the emergency preset threshold within a fourth preset time period, sending an active discharge completion message to the vehicle controller, and the discharge ends; wherein the fourth preset time period is greater than the third preset time period; if the bus voltage is still detected to be greater than the emergency preset threshold after the fourth preset time period, the motor controller automatically performs passive discharge.

8. A high-voltage discharge device for electric vehicles, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the high-voltage discharge method for an electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the high-voltage discharge method for an electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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