Large-span cavern model collapse experiment device

Abstract

The application discloses a large-span cavern model collapse experiment device, which comprises a support, the support is a "door" type frame, a reversible collapse plate is arranged in the middle of the support column frame on both sides, the inside of the collapse plate is filled with sand and a simulated large-span cavern model wrapped in the sand, four supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the four corners of the collapse plate for supporting the balance, and a turnover mechanism and a positioning mechanism are arranged at the intersection of the collapse plate and the support column respectively. The application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, and the like, the collapse plate can be turned over, the collapse plate can be turned to a specified angle according to the angle display on the angle disc, the collapse degree of the sand in the collapse plate to the cavern model can be observed, and the simulated collapse calculation can be carried out according to the experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental technology for physical models of cavern collapse, specifically to an experimental device for the collapse of a large-span cavern model. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the national economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the development and utilization of underground space has become a hot topic, and the scale of civil defense engineering construction is also constantly increasing. The scale of underground caverns is also developing towards high side walls and large spans. The stability of the surrounding rock during the excavation process has received attention, especially in the face of complex geological conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to provide guidance and reference for actual construction through cavern simulation experiments.

[0003] Current simulation devices for cavern collapse cannot effectively study karst collapse caused by soil weakening due to excavation, or karst collapse under different working conditions. Existing simulation experiments for large-span caverns generally use fixed-size test frames. New test frames need to be fabricated to simulate caverns of different sizes, resulting in low efficiency and high cost. Furthermore, some experiments require adding counterweights to the top of the model to simulate real gravity effects; existing counterweights exhibit uneven distribution, affecting the reliability of the experimental model. The complex geological conditions faced during underground cavern construction make collapse accidents highly likely. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the cavern collapse coefficient and collapse data before construction, and to conduct underground cavern collapse simulation experiments to guide the smooth construction process. Based on this, this study investigates a method that uses physical collapse model tests to simulate soil material, cavern size, location, and other conditions, effectively simulating the aforementioned collapse phenomena. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a large-span cavern model collapse experimental device. This device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can effectively simulate cavern collapse phenomena through physical model testing. Furthermore, this experimental method is highly efficient and accurate.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of the invention described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A large-span cavern model collapse test device includes a support frame, which is a "gate" shaped frame. A flip-up collapse plate is set in the middle of the two side support frames of the support frame. The collapse plate is filled with molding sand simulating a cavern and a simulated large-span cavern model wrapped in the molding sand. Four legs are also set at the four corners of the bottom of the collapse plate to support its balance. A flipping mechanism and a positioning mechanism are respectively set at the intersection of the collapse plate and the support column.

[0007] The flipping mechanism includes a rotating shaft that runs horizontally through the bottom of the collapse plate; both ends of the rotating shaft are mounted on the side support frame walls of the support; a bevel gear B is connected to one end of the rotating shaft at the intersection with the inner wall of one of the support frame walls; a bevel gear A is provided on one side of the meshing end of the bevel gear B; a connecting shaft A is fixedly connected to the core of the bevel gear A; a drive component is connected to the input end of the connecting shaft A; a connecting shaft B extending axially from the core of the bevel gear B is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft B; a scale is connected to the end of the connecting shaft B; a pointer that can rotate synchronously with the connecting shaft B is connected to the scale.

[0008] The positioning mechanism includes positioning pins disposed on the outside of the two support frames of the support and positioning discs disposed on the inside of the two support frames; the positioning discs are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the collapse plate and sleeved on the axially arranged rotating shaft, and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft; the positioning pins pass through the through holes disposed on the outside of the two support frames and are locked and positioned with the positioning discs.

[0009] The collapse plate is a rectangular hollow plate, and both the front and rear surfaces of the collapse plate are made of transparent material and are fixed to the plate body by detachable bolts.

[0010] The positioning disk is a disc-shaped structure with circular positioning holes evenly distributed along the circumference on its surface; the end of the positioning pin engages with the positioning holes on the positioning disk for positioning.

[0011] The drive component includes a handwheel that is fixedly connected to the output end of the connecting shaft A.

[0012] The driving component includes a controllable driver that is interconnected with the output end of the connecting shaft A; the controllable driver is a servo motor.

[0013] The bevel gears A and B are provided with protective covers.

[0014] Both the handwheel and the dial are located outside the protective cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can flip the collapse plate and, according to the angle display on the angle plate, flip the collapse plate to a specified angle, observe the degree of collapse caused by the molding sand in the collapse plate to the cave model, and perform simulated collapse calculation based on the experimental results; (2) By setting the driving components as motor and reducer, the driving amount can be controlled by the externally connected controller, flip the collapse plate within the set time and speed, and perform simulated collapse calculation based on the degree of collapse of the cave model in the collapse plate, so as to achieve the purpose of large-span cave model collapse experiment, improve experimental efficiency and accuracy, and reduce costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collapse plate structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Support frame, 2. Column frame, 3. Collapse plate, 4. Molding sand, 5. Cave model, 6. Support leg, 7. Rotating shaft, 8. Bevel gear B, 9. Bevel gear A, 10. Connecting shaft A, 11. Connecting shaft B, 12. Dial, 13. Positioning pin, 14. Positioning plate, 15. Positioning hole, 16. Handwheel, 17. Servo motor, 18. Protective cover. Implementation

[0024] The invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figures 1-6 The diagram shows a large-span cavern model collapse test device, including a support 1, which is a "gate" shaped frame. A flip-up collapse plate 3 is set in the middle of the two side support frames 2 of the support 1. The collapse plate 3 is filled with molding sand 4 simulating a cavern and a simulated large-span cavern model 5 wrapped in the molding sand 4. Four legs 6 are also set at the four corners of the bottom of the collapse plate 3 to support its balance. A flipping mechanism and a positioning mechanism are respectively set at the intersection of the collapse plate 3 and the support frame 2 of the support 1. The support leg 6 is used to support the balance of the collapse plate 3 when it is placed horizontally. When the collapse plate 3 is flipped, the support leg 6 can be removed, making it convenient and quick to remove. The collapse plate 3 is a rectangular hollow plate, and both the front and rear surfaces of the collapse plate 3 are made of transparent material and are fixed to the plate body with detachable bolts. The use of transparent material panels on the collapse plate 3 allows for effective observation of the collapse process of the internal cavern model 5, making it more intuitive to use. At the same time, the use of detachable bolts to fix the panels allows for convenient and quick replacement of the molding sand 4 and the cavern model 5 in the collapse plate 3.

[0026] The flipping mechanism includes a rotating shaft 7 that extends laterally through the bottom of the collapse plate 3; both ends of the rotating shaft 7 are mounted on the side support frame 2 walls of the support 1; a bevel gear B8 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 7 at the intersection with the inner wall of one of the support frame 2; a bevel gear A9 is provided on one side of the meshing end of the bevel gear B8; a connecting shaft A10 is fixedly connected to the core of the bevel gear A9; a drive component is connected to the input end of the connecting shaft A10; and a drive component is fixedly connected to the core of the bevel gear B8 along its axis. A connecting shaft B11 extends outward; a dial 12 is connected to the end of the connecting shaft B11; a pointer that can rotate synchronously with the connecting shaft B11 is connected to the dial 12; the driving component drives the bevel gear A9 to rotate through the connecting shaft A10, and then the bevel gear A9 drives the bevel gear B8 that intersects it perpendicularly to rotate, so that the bevel gear B8 rotates. At the same time, the rotation of the bevel gear B8 drives the rotating shaft 7 to rotate synchronously with the connecting shaft B11, thereby causing the collapse plate 3 to flip over, and also causing the pointer to rotate.

[0027] The positioning mechanism includes positioning pins 13 disposed on the outer sides of the two support frames 2 of the support 1 and positioning disks 14 disposed on the inner sides of the two support frames 2; the positioning disks 14 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the collapse plate 3 and are sleeved on the axially arranged rotating shaft 7, and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 7; the positioning pins 13 pass through the through holes provided on the outer sides of the two support frames 2 and are mutually locked and positioned with the positioning disks 14; the positioning disks 14 are generally disc-shaped structures, and circular positioning holes 15 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the disk surface of the positioning disks 14; the ends of the positioning pins 13 and the positioning holes 15 on the positioning disks 14 are mutually locked and positioned. The camera is positioned; when rotated to the required angle, the collapse plate 3 can be positioned by inserting the positioning pin 13 into the positioning hole 15 of the positioning plate 14, making it convenient to observe the experimental results; the driving component includes a handwheel 16 fixedly connected to the output end of the connecting shaft A10; the handwheel 16 is provided here so that manual operation can be selected for large-angle flipping experiments, which is convenient and quick; the bevel gear A9 and bevel gear B8 are provided with protective covers 18; the handwheel 16 and the scale 12 are both located outside the protective cover 18; the protective cover 18 is provided here to protect the internal bevel gears and other components, extending their service life.

[0028] like Figure 7In another embodiment shown, the driving component includes a controllable driver connected to the output end of the connecting shaft A10; the controllable driver is a servo motor 17; here, the driving component can also use a controllable servo motor 17 for driving, which can perform fine-grained flipping of the collapse plate 3 within a unit time, as well as fine-grained control within a certain flipping angle; for example, within a certain time, the servo motor 17 is set to drive at a constant speed, so that the collapse plate 3 rotates at a constant speed, while observing the degree of collapse of the cave model in the collapse plate 3 and combining it with the pointing angle of the pointer on the scale 12 for data analysis and calculation, which can be used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the experiment.

[0029] In use, this invention first selects suitable molding sand 4 and cave model 5 according to the soil material and cave size of the simulated cave, and fills them into the collapse plate 3. Then, the required driving component is selected as needed to drive the collapse plate 3 to flip, and the degree of collapse of the cave model in the collapse plate 3 is observed at the same time, as well as the corresponding angle of rotation of the pointer on the scale 12. When the cave model 5 reaches the required collapse degree, the driving component is stopped, and the collapse plate 3 is positioned and fixed by inserting the positioning pin 13 into the corresponding positioning hole 15 on the positioning plate 14. The required experimental results are obtained by calculating the collapse degree.

[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-span cavern model collapse test device, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The support (1) is a "gate" shaped frame. A flip-out collapse plate (3) is set in the middle of the two side support frames (2) of the support (1). The interior of the collapse plate (3) is filled with molding sand (4) simulating a cavern and a simulated large-span cavern model (5) wrapped in the molding sand (4). Four legs (6) are also set at the four corners of the bottom of the collapse plate (3) to support its balance. A flipping mechanism and a positioning mechanism are respectively set at the intersection of the collapse plate (3) and the support (1). The flipping mechanism includes a rotating shaft (7) that runs horizontally through the bottom of the collapse plate (3). Both ends of the rotating shaft (7) are mounted on the walls of the two side support frames (2) of the support (1). A bevel gear B (8) is connected at the intersection of one end of the rotating shaft (7) and the inner wall of one side support frame (2). A bevel gear A (8) is set on the meshing end of the bevel gear B (8) to match it. 9); The core of the bevel gear A (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft A (10); the input end of the connecting shaft A (10) is connected to the driving component; the core of the bevel gear B (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft B (11) extending along its axial direction; the end of the connecting shaft B (11) is connected to the scale (12); the scale (12) is connected to the pointer that can rotate synchronously with the connecting shaft B (11); the positioning mechanism includes positioning pins (13) set on the outside of the two support frames (2) of the bracket (1) and positioning disks (14) set on the inside of the two support frames (2); the positioning disks (14) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the collapse plate (3) and sleeved on the axially arranged rotating shaft (7), and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft (7); the positioning pins (13) pass through the through holes set on the outside of the two support frames (2) and are locked and positioned with the positioning disks (14).

2. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collapse plate (3) is a rectangular hollow plate, and the front and rear surfaces of the collapse plate (3) are both made of transparent material and are fixed to the plate body by detachable bolts.

3. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning disk (14) is a disc-shaped structure, and circular positioning holes (15) are evenly distributed along the circumference on the disk surface of the positioning disk (14); the end of the positioning pin (13) is locked and positioned with the positioning hole (15) on the positioning disk (14).

4. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive component includes a handwheel (16) that is fixedly connected to the output end of the connecting shaft A (10).

5. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive component includes a controllable driver that is connected to the output end of the connecting shaft A (10); the controllable driver is a servo motor (17).

6. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bevel gear A (9) and bevel gear B (8) are provided with protective covers (18).

7. The large-span cavern model collapse experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the handwheel (16) and the dial (12) are located outside the protective cover (18).

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