A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and specifically is a tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector, comprising a hollow steel pipe, a plurality of wire displacement meters and a plurality of rollers adapted to the wire displacement meters are fixedly connected to the top of the hollow steel pipe, the plurality of wire displacement meters are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the wire displacement meter comprises a measuring body, the measuring body is fixedly connected to the hollow steel pipe, a wire rope is fixedly connected to the right side of the measuring body, a main cable is fixedly connected to the top of the wire displacement meter, the wire rope passes through the top of the roller and movably fits with the roller, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to one end of the wire rope away from the wire displacement meter, a fixing hook is provided in an inner ring of the fixing ring, a laser rangefinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing hook, a No. 3 fixing plate is slidably clamped at the bottom of the laser rangefinder, the No. 3 fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel and has a gap with the bottom of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel surrounding rock refers to the nearby rock mass affected by tunnel excavation. The engineering properties of tunnel surrounding rock generally include three types: physical properties, hydraulic properties and mechanical properties. Among them, the mechanical properties, that is, the force during tunnel excavation, have the greatest impact on the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0003] The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector needs to detect the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock to avoid being unable to escape when dangers such as mud gushing and landslides occur. The existing tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector places the data acquisition box outside the tunnel, buries the earth pressure box and the single-point settlement meter into the soil, installs the wire displacement meter at one end of the tunnel, and fixes the laser rangefinder at the other end of the tunnel.

[0004] The existing tunnel surrounding rock pressure detection method requires the use of multiple types of detection equipment. Different detection equipment are not interconnected, and information closed loop cannot be achieved. In addition, the location of the detection equipment is relatively arbitrary, and it is impossible to accurately determine the deformation state of the surrounding rock in each part of the tunnel. As a result, even if an alarm occurs, it is only an alarm for the entire tunnel as a whole, and it is impossible to accurately determine the exact location where the tunnel deformation occurs, which reduces the safety of tunnel work.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in the present invention comprises a hollow steel pipe, a plurality of wire displacement meters and a plurality of rollers adapted to the wire displacement meters are fixedly connected to the top of the hollow steel pipe, the plurality of wire displacement meters are arranged in parallel at equal distances, the wire displacement meter comprises a measuring body, the measuring body is fixedly connected to the hollow steel pipe, a wire rope is fixedly connected to the right side of the measuring body, a main cable is fixedly connected to the top of the wire displacement meter, the wire rope passes through the top of the roller and is movably fitted with the roller, and the wire rope is fixed away from one end of the wire displacement meter A fixed ring is fixedly connected, a fixed hook is arranged in the inner ring of the fixed ring, a laser rangefinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed hook, a No. 3 fixing plate is slidably clamped on the bottom of the laser rangefinder, the No. 3 fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel and there is a gap with the bottom of the tunnel. Through this method, the laser rangefinder and the wire displacement meter are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of a longer tunnel, so that tunnel deformation detection can be carried out at different tunnel positions, so that tunnel staff can make countermeasures. The laser rangefinder and the wire displacement meter improve the detection accuracy of surrounding rock pressure and improve work safety.

[0008] Preferably, the roller is rotatably connected to a support shaft, both ends of the support shaft are fixedly connected to support rods, the top of the support rod is fixedly connected to a No. 1 fixing rod, the top of the No. 1 fixing rod is fixedly connected to a No. 1 fixing plate, a No. 2 fixing plate is arranged above the No. 1 fixing plate, a mesh plate is arranged between the No. 1 fixing plate and the No. 2 fixing plate, a connecting component is arranged between the No. 1 fixing plate and the No. 2 fixing plate, pin fixing blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the mesh plate, and the corresponding installation of the connecting components can not only improve the stability of the roller when it is fixed, but also the top of the tunnel can be reinforced through the mesh plate, which can reduce the roller from falling easily when the tunnel is deformed, causing personal injury.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a No. 2 fixing rod, the outer side of the No. 2 fixing rod is fixed to the front and rear sides of the No. 1 fixing plate, the No. 2 fixing rod is internally rotatably connected with a No. 2 rotating shaft, the top of the No. 2 rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a pressure block, and a No. 2 fixing plate is arranged above the No. 1 fixing plate, and a slot is provided on the top of the No. 2 fixing plate to engage with the pressure block. Through this design, when a danger occurs, the mounting roller will not fall off even if the tunnel is deformed, thereby reducing the possibility of the mounting roller falling off and causing danger when the operator evacuates the danger zone.

[0010] Preferably, it is characterized in that: a cable groove penetrating the No. 2 fixed plate and the No. 1 fixed plate is opened on the top of the No. 2 fixed plate, the main cable is fixedly connected with a pressure gauge cable and a settlement gauge cable, the pressure gauge cable and the settlement gauge cable are arranged inside the cable groove, the pressure gauge cable and the settlement gauge cable are fixedly connected with the main cable at the bottom, the pressure gauge cable is fixedly connected with an earth pressure gauge at the top, the settlement gauge cable is fixedly connected with a single-point settlement gauge at the top, the settlement gauge cable and the single-point settlement gauge are buried in the top of the tunnel, and the four detection devices of the earth pressure gauge, the single-point settlement gauge, the wire displacement meter and the laser rangefinder cooperate with each other to more comprehensively detect the tunnel surrounding rock pressure.

[0011] Preferably, a flexible waterproof cloth is provided inside the hollow steel pipe, and the flexible waterproof cloth is arranged in a curled shape. A rotating shaft No. 1 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the inner side of the hollow steel pipe, and the outer side of the rotating shaft No. 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth, and a counterweight steel bar is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth, and a block box is provided on the top of the counterweight steel bar, and a cable tube is fixedly connected to the top of the block box, and the end of the cable tube away from the block box is fixedly connected to a wire displacement meter, and a trigger assembly is provided on the outer side of the counterweight steel bar, and the trigger assembly is used to control the falling of the counterweight steel bar, and the counterweight steel bar falls to the ground and contacts the ground, thereby driving the flexible waterproof cloth to slide out of the hollow steel pipe, and the flexible waterproof cloth and one side of the tunnel form a relatively closed area that is large enough for people to pass through, creating a safer environment for the evacuation of staff.

[0012] Preferably, the trigger assembly includes a card block body, which is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight steel bar, the interior of the card block box is hollow, the card block body is located inside the card block box, and a paraffin card block for fixing the card block body and the card block box is fixedly connected between the card block body and the card block box, and a heating wire is sheathed inside the cable tube, and the exposed part of the bottom of the heating wire extends into the paraffin card block. Compared with the traditional trigger structure, this structure is simple and primitive, not prone to malfunction, and not prone to the problem that the card block box is not separated from the counterweight steel bar at some point, resulting in the flexible waterproof cloth not being completely detached.

[0013] Preferably, the third fixing plate includes a bottom plate and an upper protrusion, the upper protrusion is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate, the upper protrusion is hollow in design, and a rack block is slidably connected through the front end of the upper protrusion, one end of the rack block is fixedly connected to a No. 1 rack, the No. 1 rack is located at the hollow position of the upper protrusion, a No. 1 gear is meshed at the bottom of the No. 1 rack, the center position of the No. 1 gear is fixedly connected to the central axis and the outside of the central axis, a No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the central axis, a pressing assembly is arranged on the outside of the No. 2 gear, and this assembly is used to control the movement of the No. 1 rack, which is more convenient through the block structure and has a certain degree of wear less than that of bolt fixing, thereby ensuring that the fixed position is the same each time and ensuring the placement accuracy of the laser rangefinder.

[0014] Preferably, a No. 2 rack is meshed with the front end of the No. 2 gear, a spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the No. 2 rack, the spring telescopic rod comprises a spring body and a telescopic rod body, the spring body is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod body, the top of the telescopic rod body is fixedly connected to the inside of the upper boss of the No. 3 fixing plate, and a pressing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the No. 2 rack, the pressing block penetrates the bottom plate of the No. 3 fixing plate and slides inside. This design avoids the need to use lighting equipment to illuminate the disassembly site when disassembling the laser rangefinder, and it becomes relatively easy to adjust the laser rangefinder after installation.

[0015] Preferably, the counterweight steel bar is sheathed with a rubber sleeve, the counterweight steel bar is T-shaped, the flexible waterproof cloth is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped counterweight steel bar, and the rubber sleeve sheathed on the counterweight steel bar is soft in texture and deforms after contact with the ground, thereby increasing its contact area with the ground, making its sealing effect better, slowing down the speed of water flowing into the interior, and making it safer when escaping.

[0016] Preferably, a lighting box is fixedly connected to one side of the laser rangefinder, and a lens switching plate is rotatably connected to the lighting output end of the lighting box. Two symmetrical lens slots are provided on one side of the lens switching plate, and a colored lens is fixed inside one of the lens slots. By converting the emitted light into different colors, the color of this section of the tunnel is changed to a warning color, which can significantly remind the staff that there are safety hazards in this tunnel, so that this section of the tunnel can be inspected and repaired as soon as possible.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in the present invention realizes tunnel deformation detection at different tunnel positions through the structural design of multiple groups of wire displacement meters and laser rangefinders arranged in parallel and equidistantly on the inner wall of the tunnel, so that tunnel workers can make response measures. The laser rangefinder and wire displacement meter improve the detection accuracy of surrounding rock pressure and improve work safety.

[0019] 2. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in the present invention makes the No. 1 fixing plate correspond to the No. 2 fixing plate, at this time, the mesh plate is clamped between the No. 2 fixing plate and the No. 1 fixing plate, and then the pressure card block is flipped, and the pressure card block is stuck in the slot. The structural design that the pressure card block can pass through the gap of the mesh plate, when danger occurs, even if the tunnel is deformed, the installation roller will not fall off, and the possibility of the installation roller falling off and causing danger when the operator evacuates the danger zone is reduced.

[0020] 3. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in the present invention transmits data by combining the pressure gauge cable and the settlement gauge cable together and connecting them to the main cable. The structural design of the earth pressure gauge fixed on the top of the pressure gauge cable realizes the cooperation of the four detection devices of earth pressure gauge, single-point settlement gauge, wire displacement meter and laser rangefinder, so as to detect the tunnel surrounding rock pressure more comprehensively.

[0021] 4. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in the present invention is designed by arranging a flexible waterproof cloth inside a hollow steel pipe, the inner middle part of the hollow steel pipe is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft No. 1, the outer side of the rotating shaft No. 1 is fixed to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth, and one end of the flexible waterproof cloth is fixedly connected to a counterweight steel bar. When the earth pressure gauge, single-point settlement gauge, wire displacement gauge and laser rangefinder send out an alarm signal, it indicates that the tunnel is in danger and the staff needs to evacuate urgently. However, when the inner wall is deformed, the harmful gases deposited and fermented in the soil and the water gushing out of the underground river have a greater impact on emergency escape. Therefore, the counterweight steel bar falls to the ground and contacts the ground, thereby driving the flexible waterproof cloth to slide out of the hollow steel pipe. The flexible waterproof cloth and one side of the tunnel form a relatively closed area that is large enough for people to pass through, creating a safer environment for the evacuation of the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the hollow steel pipe in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a counterweight steel bar in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the card block box in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the card block box in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the roller structure in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the roller in the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a laser rangefinder in the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the third fixing plate in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the third fixing plate in the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a lighting box according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1. Hollow steel pipe; 2. Pin fixing block; 3. Mesh plate; 9. Flexible waterproof cloth; 10. No. 1 rotating shaft; 11. Wire displacement meter; 12. Main cable; 13. Wire rope; 15. Block box; 16. Counterweight steel bar; 17. Rubber sleeve; 19. Cable tube; 20. Block body; 21. Paraffin block; 22. Heating wire; 23. Roller; 24. Support rod; 25. No. 1 fixing rod; 26. No. 2 fixing rod; 27. No. 2 rotating shaft; 28. Pressure block; 29. ​​Slot; 30. No. 1 fixing plate; 31. Fixed plate No. 2; 32. Cable trough; 33. Pressure gauge cable; 34. Soil pressure gauge; 35. Settlement gauge cable; 37. Single-point settlement gauge; 38. Support shaft; 39. Fixed plate No. 3; 40. Laser rangefinder; 41. Fixed ring; 42. Fixed hook; 43. Lighting box; 44. Lens switching plate; 45. Lens slot; 46. Press block; 47. Gear No. 1; 48. Rack No. 1; 49. Rack No. 2; 50. Spring body; 51. Telescopic rod body; 52. Rack block; 53. Gear No. 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector described in an embodiment of the present invention includes a hollow steel pipe 1, a plurality of wire displacement meters 11 and a plurality of rollers 23 adapted to the wire displacement meters 11 are fixedly connected to the top of the hollow steel pipe 1, and the plurality of wire displacement meters 11 are arranged in parallel at equal distances, the wire displacement meter 11 includes a measuring body, the measuring body is fixedly connected to the hollow steel pipe 1, a wire rope 13 is fixedly connected to the right side of the measuring body, a main cable 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the wire displacement meter 11, the wire rope 13 passes through the top of the roller 23 and movably fits with the roller 23, and a fixing ring 41 is fixedly connected to the end of the wire rope 13 away from the wire displacement meter 11, a fixing hook 42 is provided in the inner ring of the fixing ring 41, a laser rangefinder 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing hook 42, and a No. 3 fixing plate 39 is slidably clamped at the bottom of the laser rangefinder 40, and the No. 3 fixing plate 39 is fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel and there is a gap with the bottom of the tunnel. When the surrounding rock is deformed during operation, since both ends of the wire rope 13 are connected to the inner wall of the tunnel, the deformation of the surrounding rock will affect the tensile state of the wire rope 13 and the angle of the measuring body of the wire rope 13 and the wire displacement meter 11. When the tensile state and angle of the wire rope 13 change through the internal sensor, the wire displacement meter 11 receives this change and sends out an alarm signal. The laser rangefinder 40 sends out a warning signal when the inner diameter of the tunnel changes. Through this method, the laser rangefinder 40 and the wire displacement meter 11 are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of a longer tunnel, so that tunnel deformation detection can be carried out at different tunnel positions, so that tunnel staff can make countermeasures. The laser rangefinder 40 and the wire displacement meter 11 improve the detection accuracy of the surrounding rock pressure and improve work safety.

[0039] like Figures 7 and 8 As shown, the roller 23 is internally rotatably connected with a support shaft 38, and the two ends of the support shaft 38 are fixedly connected to support rods 24, and the top of the support rod 24 is fixedly connected to a No. 1 fixed rod 25, and the top of the No. 1 fixed rod 25 is fixedly connected to a No. 1 fixed plate 30, and a No. 2 fixed plate 31 is arranged above the No. 1 fixed plate 30, and a mesh plate 3 is arranged between the No. 1 fixed plate 30 and the No. 2 fixed plate 31, and a connecting component is arranged between the No. 1 fixed plate 30 and the No. 2 fixed plate 31, and the mesh plate 3 is fixedly connected on both sides. When the pin fixing block 2 is working, when fixing the roller 23 on the top of the tunnel, it is necessary to first fit and fix the No. 2 fixing plate 31 with the inner wall of the tunnel, and then press the No. 2 fixing plate 31 with the mesh plate 3. The mesh plate 3 itself is fixed to the top of the tunnel through the pin fixing block 2, and the No. 1 fixing plate 30 and the No. 2 fixing plate 31 are installed correspondingly through the connecting assembly, which can not only improve the stability of the roller 23 when fixed, but also reinforce the top of the tunnel through the mesh plate 3, reducing the roller 23 from easily falling when the tunnel is deformed, causing injuries to people.

[0040] like Figures 7 and 8As shown, the connecting assembly includes a No. 2 fixing rod 26, the outer side of the No. 2 fixing rod 26 is fixed to the front and rear sides of the No. 1 fixing plate 30, the No. 2 fixing rod 26 is rotatably connected with a No. 2 rotating shaft 27 inside, and a pressure block 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the No. 2 rotating shaft 27, and a No. 2 fixing plate 31 is arranged above the No. 1 fixing plate 30, and a slot 29 is provided on the top of the No. 2 fixing plate 31 to engage with the pressure block 28. During operation, when installing the roller 23, the No. 1 fixing plate 30 is first matched with the No. 2 fixing plate 31. At this time, the mesh plate 3 is clamped between the No. 2 fixing plate 31 and the No. 1 fixing plate 30, and then the pressure block 28 is flipped over, and the pressure block 28 is stuck in the slot 29, and the pressure block 28 can pass through the gap of the mesh plate 3. Through this design, when a danger occurs, even if the tunnel is deformed, the installation roller 23 will not fall off, and the possibility of the installation roller 23 falling off and causing danger is reduced when the operator evacuates the danger zone.

[0041] like Figures 7 and 8 As shown, a cable groove 32 penetrating the No. 2 fixing plate 31 and the No. 1 fixing plate 30 is provided on the top of the No. 2 fixing plate 31, and the main cable 12 is fixedly connected with a pressure gauge cable 33 and a settlement gauge cable 35, and the pressure gauge cable 33 and the settlement gauge cable 35 are arranged inside the cable groove 32, and the bottom of the pressure gauge cable 33 and the settlement gauge cable 35 are fixedly connected with the main cable 12, and the top of the pressure gauge cable 33 is fixedly connected with an earth pressure gauge 34, and the top of the settlement gauge cable 35 is fixedly connected with a single-point settlement gauge 37, and the settlement gauge cable 35 and the single-point settlement gauge 37 are buried in the top of the tunnel. When working, the pressure gauge cable 33 and the settlement gauge cable 35 are combined and connected to the main cable 12 to transmit data, and the pressure gauge cable 33 is fixed on the top. The earth pressure gauge 34 is used to detect the pressure change of the rock and soil layer, and the single-point settlement gauge 37 is used to detect whether the soil layer at the top of the tunnel has settlement problems. When the soil stress in the measured structure changes, the earth pressure gauge sensing plate will synchronously sense the stress change, and the sensing plate will deform. The deformation is transmitted to the vibrating string and converted into a change in the stress of the vibrating string, thereby changing the vibration frequency of the vibrating string. The single-point settlement gauge uses the electromagnetic induction principle of the inductance frequency modulation displacement meter. The magnetic piston rod fixed to the measuring rod is inserted into the solenoid coil and can move back and forth. The inductance of the coil is related to the length of the magnetic piston rod inserted into the coil. The four detection devices of the earth pressure gauge 34, the single-point settlement gauge 37, the wire displacement gauge 11 and the laser rangefinder 40 cooperate with each other to more comprehensively detect the tunnel surrounding rock pressure.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a flexible waterproof cloth 9 is arranged inside the hollow steel pipe 1, and the flexible waterproof cloth 9 is arranged in a curled shape. The middle part of the inner side of the hollow steel pipe 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 10, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth 9, and a counterweight steel bar 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth 9, and a block box 15 is arranged on the top of the counterweight steel bar 16, and a cable tube 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the block box 15, and the end of the cable tube 19 away from the block box 15 is fixedly connected to the wire displacement meter 11, and a trigger component is arranged on the outer side of the counterweight steel bar 16. The trigger component is used to control the falling of the counterweight steel bar 16. When working, when the above four detection devices send out alarm signals, it means that there is danger in the tunnel here. At this time, the staff needs to evacuate urgently. However, when the inner wall is deformed, the harmful gases deposited and fermented in the soil and the water gushing out of the underground river have a greater impact on emergency escape. Therefore, the counterweight steel bar 16 falls to the ground and contacts the ground, thereby driving the flexible waterproof cloth 9 to slide out from the inside of the hollow steel pipe 1. The flexible waterproof cloth 9 and one side of the tunnel form a relatively closed area that is large enough for people to pass through, creating a safer environment for the evacuation of staff.

[0043] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the trigger assembly includes a card block body 20, the card block body 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight steel bar 16, the card block box 15 is hollow, the card block body 20 is located inside the card block box 15, and a paraffin card block 21 for fixing the card block body 20 and the card block box 15 is fixedly connected between the card block body 20 and the card block box 15. A heating wire 22 is sleeved inside the cable tube 19, and the exposed bottom part of the heating wire 22 extends into the paraffin card block 21. When working, When the above-mentioned equipment detects the danger of tunnel deformation, the receiving device fixed to the wire displacement meter 11 will heat up the heating wire 22 when it receives the danger signal. When the heating wire 22 heats up and melts the paraffin block 21, the block body 20 will be released from the inside of the block box 15 to create a safe escape environment. Compared with the traditional trigger structure, this structure is simple and primitive, not prone to malfunction, and not prone to the problem that the block box 15 is not separated from the counterweight steel bar 16, resulting in the flexible waterproof cloth 9 not being completely detached.

[0044] like Figures 9 to 11As shown, the third fixing plate 39 includes a bottom plate and an upper protrusion, the upper protrusion is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate, the upper protrusion is hollow, and a rack block 52 is slidably connected through the front end of the upper protrusion, one end of the rack block 52 is fixedly connected to a first rack 48, the first rack 48 is located at the hollow position of the upper protrusion, the bottom of the first rack 48 is meshed with a first gear 47, the center position of the first gear 47 is fixedly connected to the central axis and the outside of the central axis, the outside of the central axis is fixedly connected to a second gear 53, the second gear 53 is fixedly connected to the outside of the central axis, A pressing assembly is provided on the outside of the gear 53, and this assembly is used to control the movement of the No. 1 rack 48. During operation, in order to ensure the accuracy and precision of the detection of the laser rangefinder 40, the laser rangefinder 40 needs to be inspected and calibrated every day. It is troublesome and severely worn to use bolts for long-term disassembly, inspection and installation. The block structure is more convenient and the wear degree is less than that of bolts to a certain extent, thereby ensuring that the fixing position is the same each time and the placement accuracy of the laser rangefinder 40 is ensured.

[0045] like Fig.11 As shown, the front end of the No. 2 gear 53 is meshed with a No. 2 rack 49, and the top of the No. 2 rack 49 is fixedly connected to a spring telescopic rod, which includes a spring body 50 and a telescopic rod body 51. The spring body 50 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod body 51, and the top of the telescopic rod body 51 is fixedly connected to the inside of the upper boss of the No. 3 fixing plate 39. The bottom of the No. 2 rack 49 is fixedly connected to a pressing block 46, and the pressing block 46 penetrates the bottom plate of the No. 3 fixing plate 39 and slides inside. During operation, when the laser rangefinder 40 is inspected and repaired, the laser rangefinder 40 can be removed smoothly by simply pressing the pressing block 46 upwards. In the past, bolt fixing required the operator to shine a light near the bolt when disassembling. This design avoids the need to use lighting equipment to illuminate the disassembly site when disassembling the laser rangefinder 40, and it is relatively easy to adjust the laser rangefinder 40 after installation.

[0046] like Figure 10 to Figure 11 As shown, the counterweight steel bar 16 is sheathed with a rubber sleeve 17, and the counterweight steel bar 16 is arranged in a T shape. The flexible waterproof cloth 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped counterweight steel bar 16. When working, the center of gravity of the counterweight steel bar 16 is generally at the two triangles of the T. No matter how it falls, it can still form a triangle when it finally lands, and the stability of the triangle is better, ensuring that it is more firmly in contact with the ground under the action of external force. The rubber sleeve 17 sheathed on the outside of the counterweight steel bar 16 is soft in texture when it comes into contact with the ground, so that its contact area with the ground is increased, making its sealing effect better, slowing down the speed of water flowing into the inside, and being safer when escaping.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] like Fig.12 As shown, compared with Example 1, another implementation of the present invention is: a lighting box 43 is fixedly connected to one side of the laser rangefinder 40, and a lens switching plate 44 is rotatably connected to the lighting output end of the lighting box 43, and two symmetrical lens grooves 45 are provided on one side of the lens switching plate 44, and a colored lens is fixed inside one of the lens grooves 45; when working, when the above-mentioned detection equipment detects that a small deformation risk occurs in the tunnel, it will transmit a signal to the lighting box 43, and the lens switching plate 44 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor inside the lighting box 43, so that the lens groove 45 provided with the colored lens is rotated to the lighting output end of the lighting box 43, so that the emitted light is changed to a different color, and the color of this section of the tunnel is changed to a warning color, which can significantly remind the staff that there is a safety hazard in this tunnel and this section of the tunnel can be inspected and repaired at the first time.

[0049] During operation, when the surrounding rock is deformed, since both ends of the wire rope 13 are connected to the inner wall of the tunnel, the deformation of the surrounding rock will affect the tensile state of the wire rope 13 and the angle of the measuring body of the wire rope 13 and the wire displacement meter 11. When the tensile state and angle of the wire rope 13 change through the internal sensor, the wire displacement meter 11 receives this change and sends out an alarm signal. The laser rangefinder 40 sends out an early warning signal when the inner diameter of the tunnel changes. Through this method, the laser rangefinder 40 and the wire displacement meter 11 are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of a longer tunnel, so that tunnel deformation detection can be carried out at different tunnel positions, so that tunnel staff can make countermeasures. The laser rangefinder 40 and the wire displacement meter 11 provide The detection accuracy of the surrounding rock pressure is improved, and the work safety is improved. When fixing the roller 23 on the top of the tunnel, it is necessary to first fit and fix the No. 2 fixing plate 31 with the inner wall of the tunnel, and then press the No. 2 fixing plate 31 with the mesh plate 3. The mesh plate 3 itself is fixed to the top of the tunnel through the pin fixing block 2. The No. 1 fixing plate 30 and the No. 2 fixing plate 31 are installed correspondingly through the connecting assembly. Not only can the stability of the roller 23 when fixed be improved, but the top of the tunnel can also be reinforced through the mesh plate 3 to reduce the roller 23 from falling easily when the tunnel is deformed, causing injuries to personnel. When installing the roller 23, first match the No. 1 fixing plate 30 with the No. 2 fixing plate 31. At this time, the mesh plate 3 is clamped between the No. 2 fixing plate 31 and the No. 1 fixing plate 30, and then the pressure card is flipped over. Block 28, the pressure card block 28 is stuck in the card slot 29, and the pressure card block 28 can pass through the gap of the mesh plate 3. Through this design, in the event of danger, even if the tunnel is deformed, the installation roller 23 will not fall off, and the possibility of the installation roller 23 falling off and causing danger is reduced when the operator evacuates the danger zone. The pressure gauge cable 33 and the settlement gauge cable 35 are combined together and connected to the main cable 12 to transmit data. The earth pressure gauge 34 fixed on the top of the pressure gauge cable 33 is used to detect the pressure change of the rock and soil layer, and the single-point settlement gauge 37 is used to detect whether the soil layer at the top of the tunnel has a settlement problem. When the soil stress in the measured structure changes, the earth pressure gauge sensing plate synchronously senses the stress change, and the sensing plate will deform, and the deformation is transmitted to the vibration The string is transformed into a change in the stress of the vibrating string, thereby changing the vibration frequency of the vibrating string. The single-point settlement meter uses the electromagnetic induction principle of the inductance frequency modulation displacement meter. The magnetic piston rod fixed to the measuring rod is inserted into the solenoid coil and can move back and forth. The inductance of the coil is related to the length of the magnetic piston rod inserted into the coil. The four detection devices of the earth pressure gauge 34, the single-point settlement gauge 37, the wire displacement gauge 11 and the laser rangefinder 40 cooperate with each other to more comprehensively detect the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel. When the above four detection devices send out an alarm signal, it indicates that the tunnel is dangerous and the staff needs to evacuate urgently. However, when the inner wall is deformed, the harmful gases deposited and fermented in the soil and the water gushing out of the underground river have a greater impact on emergency escape.Therefore, the counterweight steel bar 16 falls to the ground and contacts the ground, thereby driving the flexible waterproof cloth 9 to slide out from the inside of the hollow steel pipe 1. The flexible waterproof cloth 9 and one side of the tunnel form a relatively closed area that is large enough for people to pass through, creating a safer environment for the evacuation of staff. When the above-mentioned equipment detects the danger of tunnel deformation, the receiving device fixed to the wire displacement meter 11 receives the danger signal and allows the heating wire 22 to heat up. When the heating wire 22 heats up and melts the paraffin block 21, the block body 20 is detached from the fixation and falls from the inside of the block box 15 for release, thereby creating a safe escape environment. Compared with the traditional trigger structure, this structure is simple and primitive, not prone to failure, and not prone to the problem that the block box 15 is not separated from the counterweight steel bar 16, resulting in the flexible waterproof cloth 9 not being completely detached. In order to ensure the accuracy and accuracy of the laser rangefinder 40 detection, the laser rangefinder 40 needs to be inspected and calibrated every day. It is troublesome and severely worn to use bolts for long-term disassembly, inspection and installation. The block structure is more convenient and has low wear. In terms of wear, the wear degree is less than that of bolt fixing to a certain extent, thereby ensuring that the fixing position is the same each time, ensuring the placement accuracy of the laser rangefinder 40, and when inspecting the laser rangefinder 40, only the pressing block 46 needs to be pressed upward to remove the laser rangefinder 40 smoothly. In the past, bolt fixing required the operator to shine the light near the bolt when disassembling. This design avoids the need to use lighting equipment to illuminate the disassembly location when disassembling the laser rangefinder 40. After installation, the adjustment of the laser rangefinder 40 becomes relatively easy. The center of gravity of the counterweight steel bar 16 is generally at the two triangles of the T-shape. No matter how it falls, it can still form a triangle when it finally falls to the ground, and the stability of the triangle is better, ensuring that it is more firmly in contact with the ground under the action of external force. The rubber sleeve 17 set on the outside of the counterweight steel bar 16 is soft in texture when it contacts the ground, and deforms after contact, increasing its contact area with the ground, making its sealing effect better, slowing down the speed of water flowing into the interior, and being safer when escaping. ,

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hollow steel pipe (1), wherein a plurality of wire displacement meters (11) and a plurality of rollers (23) adapted to the wire displacement meters (11) are fixedly connected to the top of the hollow steel pipe (1), wherein the plurality of wire displacement meters (11) are arranged in parallel and at equal distances, wherein the wire displacement meter (11) comprises a measuring body, wherein the measuring body is fixedly connected to the hollow steel pipe (1), wherein a wire rope (13) is fixedly connected to the right side of the measuring body, wherein a main cable (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the wire displacement meter (11), wherein the wire rope (13) is fixedly connected to the main cable (12) and wherein the main cable (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the wire displacement meter (11). 3) passing through the top of the roller (23) and movably fitting with the roller (23), the end of the wire rope (13) away from the wire displacement meter (11) is fixedly connected with a fixing ring (41), the inner ring of the fixing ring (41) is provided with a fixing hook (42), the bottom of the fixing hook (42) is fixedly connected with a laser rangefinder (40), the bottom of the laser rangefinder (40) is slidably engaged with a third fixing plate (39), the third fixing plate (39) is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel and has a gap with the bottom of the tunnel.

2. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (23) is rotatably connected to a support shaft (38) inside, and support rods (24) are fixedly connected at both ends of the support shaft (38). A No. 1 fixed rod (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod (24), and a No. 1 fixed plate (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the No. 1 fixed rod (25). A No. 2 fixed plate (31) is arranged above the No. 1 fixed plate (30), a mesh plate (3) is arranged between the No. 1 fixed plate (30) and the No. 2 fixed plate (31), and a connecting component is arranged between the No. 1 fixed plate (30) and the No. 2 fixed plate (31), and pin fixing blocks (2) are fixedly connected to both sides of the mesh plate (3).

3. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a No. 2 fixing rod (26), the outer side of the No. 2 fixing rod (26) is fixed to the front and rear sides of the No. 1 fixing plate (30), the No. 2 fixing rod (26) is rotatably connected to the inside of the No. 2 fixing rod (26), the top of the No. 2 fixing shaft (27) is fixedly connected to a pressure block (28), a No. 2 fixing plate (31) is arranged above the No. 1 fixing plate (30), and a slot (29) is provided on the top of the No. 2 fixing plate (31) to engage with the pressure block (28).

4. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the second fixing plate (31) is provided with a cable groove (32) penetrating the second fixing plate (31) and the first fixing plate (30); the main cable (12) is fixedly connected with a pressure gauge cable (33) and a settlement gauge cable (35); the pressure gauge cable (33) and the settlement gauge cable (35) are arranged inside the cable groove (32); the bottom of the pressure gauge cable (33) and the settlement gauge cable (35) are fixedly connected with the main cable (12); the top of the pressure gauge cable (33) is fixedly connected with an earth pressure gauge (34); the top of the settlement gauge cable (35) is fixedly connected with a single-point settlement gauge (37); the settlement gauge cable (35) and the single-point settlement gauge (37) are buried in the top of the tunnel.

5. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible waterproof cloth (9) is arranged inside the hollow steel pipe (1), and the flexible waterproof cloth (9) is arranged in a curled shape. A first rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the inner side of the hollow steel pipe (1), and the outer side of the first rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth (9). A counterweight steel bar (16) is fixedly connected to one end of the flexible waterproof cloth (9). A block box (15) is arranged on the top of the counterweight steel bar (16), and a cable tube (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the block box (15). The end of the cable tube (19) away from the block box (15) is fixedly connected to a wire displacement meter (11). A trigger component is arranged on the outer side of the counterweight steel bar (16), and the trigger component is used to control the falling of the counterweight steel bar (16).

6. A tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger assembly comprises a card block body (20), the card block body (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight steel bar (16), the card block box (15) is hollow in design, the card block body (20) is located inside the card block box (15), a paraffin card block (21) is fixedly connected between the card block body (20) and the card block box (15) for fixing the card block body (20) and the card block box (15), and a heating wire (22) is sleeved inside the cable tube (19), and the exposed bottom part of the heating wire (22) extends into the paraffin card block (21).

7. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third fixed plate (39) comprises a bottom plate and an upper protrusion, wherein the upper protrusion is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate, the upper protrusion is hollow in design, and a rack block (52) is slidably connected through the front end of the upper protrusion, one end of the rack block (52) is fixedly connected to a first rack (48), the first rack (48) is located at the hollow position of the upper protrusion, the bottom of the first rack (48) is meshed with a first gear (47), the center position of the first gear (47) is fixedly connected to the central axis and outside the central axis, the outside of the central axis is fixedly connected to a second gear (53), and a pressing component is arranged on the outside of the second gear (53), and this component is used to control the movement of the first rack (48).

8. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front end of the No. 2 gear (53) is meshed with a No. 2 rack (49), and the top of the No. 2 rack (49) is fixedly connected to a spring telescopic rod, which includes a spring body (50) and a telescopic rod body (51). The spring body (50) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod body (51), and the top of the telescopic rod body (51) is fixedly connected to the inside of the upper boss of the No. 3 fixed plate (39). The bottom of the No. 2 rack (49) is fixedly connected to a pressing block (46), and the pressing block (46) penetrates the bottom plate of the No. 3 fixed plate (39) and slides inside.

9. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The counterweight steel bar (16) is covered with a rubber sleeve (17) on the outside, the counterweight steel bar (16) is arranged in a T-shape, and the flexible waterproof cloth (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped counterweight steel bar (16).

10. The tunnel surrounding rock pressure detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lighting box (43) is fixedly connected to one side of the laser rangefinder (40); a lighting output end of the lighting box (43) is rotatably connected to a lens switching plate (44); two symmetrically arranged lens grooves (45) are provided on one side of the lens switching plate (44); a colored lens is fixedly connected to one of the lens grooves (45).

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