spindle and machine tool

Abstract

This application relates to a spindle and a machine tool. The spindle includes a cylinder assembly, a rotary joint, a drawbar, a connecting rod assembly, and a piston assembly. The cylinder assembly has a mounting hole. The rotary joint is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole. The drawbar is rotatably mounted in the mounting hole, and the rotary joint communicates with the drawbar, jointly defining a fluid channel. The drawbar rotatably passes through the through hole. The piston assembly is sleeved on the connecting rod assembly and fixedly connected to it. Thus, cutting fluid and high-pressure gas can flow through the fluid channel to the tool and the spindle taper hole outside the spindle to cool the tool and clean the taper hole, ensuring tool life and machining accuracy. Furthermore, by providing the connecting rod assembly, the piston assembly does not directly contact the drawbar, preventing interference and ensuring machining processes such as tool release and clamping, thereby improving machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of spindle technology, and more particularly to a spindle and a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, spindles typically require tool changes during workpiece machining. This is usually achieved using hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders as the driving mechanism to perform tool release and clamping actions. However, the machining process generates a large amount of cutting heat, which reduces tool life and affects machining accuracy. Therefore, tool cooling is necessary during machining, especially in deep hole machining, where the spindle needs a central water outlet function to cool the tool and clean the tapered hole. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a spindle to solve the problem that the spindle cannot cool the tool and clean the taper hole.

[0004] Firstly, this application proposes a main axis.

[0005] Secondly, this application proposes a machine tool including a spindle.

[0006] This application provides a spindle, including a cylinder assembly, a rotary joint, a pull rod, a connecting rod assembly, and a piston assembly. The cylinder assembly has a mounting hole. The rotary joint is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole. The pull rod is hollow inside, and the rotary joint and the pull rod are mounted in the mounting hole. The rotary joint and the pull rod are connected and jointly define a fluid channel, through which fluid is adapted to enter the fluid channel from the inlet end of the rotary joint and then flow to the outside of the spindle. The connecting rod assembly has a through hole extending along the axial direction of the pull rod, and the pull rod is rotatably disposed in the through hole. The piston assembly is sleeved on the connecting rod assembly and fixedly connected to the connecting rod assembly.

[0007] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0008] The spindle provided in this application embodiment features a rotary joint. The inlet end of the rotary joint can communicate with an external fluid supply unit, allowing cutting fluid and high-pressure gas to flow through a fluid channel to the tool and the tapered bore of the spindle for cooling and cleaning, thus ensuring tool life and machining accuracy. Furthermore, by incorporating a connecting rod assembly, the piston assembly avoids direct contact with the connecting rod, preventing interference and ensuring smooth machining processes such as tool release and clamping, thereby improving machining accuracy. Additionally, the connecting rod assembly is fixedly connected to the piston assembly, providing a mounting position for the piston assembly to ensure the stability and reliability of its movement within the piston chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly has a first limiting portion and a second limiting portion spaced apart along the axial direction, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion jointly fixing the piston assembly in the axial direction of the pull rod.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly includes a connecting rod body, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the connecting rod body has an annular protrusion extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod, and the annular protrusion forms the first limiting portion. In some embodiments, the connecting rod body has an external thread, the second limiting portion is a fastener, the fastener has an internal thread, and the fastener is threadedly engaged with the connecting rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the second limiting portion has a straight section.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first limiting portion has a receiving groove, the through hole is provided through the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the end of the rotary joint is movably fitted into the receiving groove along the axial direction of the pull rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are respectively located at both ends of the connecting rod body, with the first limiting portion located at the end of the second limiting portion facing the rotary joint.

[0014] In some embodiments, a portion of the inner wall of the through hole is constructed as a polygon.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly is clearance-fitted with the pull rod.

[0016] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly together define a piston chamber, and the piston assembly is movably disposed within the piston chamber along the axial direction of the connecting rod.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cylinder assembly has a cylinder inlet and a piston reset port, and the piston chamber includes a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber is connected to the cylinder inlet and the piston reset port; the piston assembly is movable along the axial direction of the pull rod and has a first position and a second position; when the piston assembly is in the first position, the cylinder inlet communicates with the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in a connected state; when the piston assembly is in the second position, the piston reset port communicates with the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in an independent state.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cylinder inlet is connected to the side of the first chamber facing the rotary joint, and the piston reset port is connected to the side of the first chamber away from the rotary joint.

[0019] In some embodiments, the piston assembly includes: a first piston and a second piston, the second piston and the first piston being fixedly connected, the first piston being located on the side of the second piston facing the rotary joint, the connecting rod assembly, the first piston and the second piston jointly defining a ventilation channel, the ventilation channel being selectively in communication with the first chamber or the second chamber.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first piston has an air passage through the axial direction of the pull rod, the connecting rod assembly has a first stepped portion spaced apart from one end of the air passage, the first piston has a second stepped portion, and the air passage is disposed in the second stepped portion to space the air passage apart from the second piston.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first stepped portion is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and the second stepped portion is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the first piston; or, the first stepped portion is a plurality of portions spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and the second stepped portion is a plurality of portions spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the first piston, wherein the plurality of first stepped portions and the plurality of second stepped portions are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and one sidewall of the first stepped portion and the second stepped portion extending in the axial direction is arc-shaped.

[0022] In some embodiments, the end of the rotary joint furthest from the piston assembly is located outside the cylinder assembly.

[0023] This application further provides a machine tool including the spindle of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0027] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a spindle provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the piston assembly is located in a first position.

[0028] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a spindle provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the piston assembly is located in a second position.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a connecting rod assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of a connecting rod assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a first piston provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a top view of a first piston provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a top view of a second limiting part provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of a connecting rod assembly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a first piston provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1. Spindle;

[0038] 10. Cylinder assembly; 11. Cylinder inlet; 12. Piston return port; 13. Annular protrusion; 14. Mounting hole;

[0039] 20. Rotary joint; 30. Tie rod;

[0040] 41. Connecting rod body; 42. First limiting part; 421. Receiving groove; 43. Second limiting part; 431. Straight section; 44. Through hole; 45. First step part;

[0041] 51. First piston; 511. Vent hole; 512. Extension section; 513. Second step section;

[0042] 52. Second piston;

[0043] 60. First chamber; 70. Second chamber; 80. Fluid passage. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0046] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] To address the technical problem that the spindle in the prior art cannot cool the tool and clean the taper hole, this application provides a spindle that can cool the tool and clean the taper hole.

[0048] The spindle 1 in this embodiment includes a cylinder assembly 10, a drawbar 30, a rotary joint 20, a connecting rod assembly, and a piston assembly. The spindle 1 can be an electric spindle.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, the cylinder assembly 10 has a mounting hole 14. A rotary joint 20 and a pull rod 30 are rotatably mounted in the mounting hole 14. The rotary joint 20 and the pull rod 30 are connected and together define a fluid passage 80. The rotary joint 20 is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole 14. The pull rod 30 is hollow internally. The rotary joint 20 and the pull rod 30 are connected and together define the fluid passage 80. Fluid is suitable to enter the fluid passage 80 from the inlet end of the rotary joint 20 and then flow to the outside of the main shaft 1. For example, the rotary joint 20 is sleeved on the pull rod 30, and one end of the pull rod 30 is located inside the rotary joint 20. The rotary joint 20 and the pull rod 30 together define the fluid passage 80.

[0050] Understandably, the spindle 1 has tool release and tool clamping functions. One end of the pull rod 30 is located inside the rotary joint 20, and the other end of the pull rod 30 is connected to the tool (not shown in the figure). When the piston assembly moves along the axial direction of the pull rod 30, the spindle 1 can switch between the tool release and tool clamping states. The fluid channel is suitable for liquid or gas flow. The inlet end of the rotary joint 20 can be connected to a liquid supply or a gas supply.

[0051] Because a large amount of cutting heat is generated during the machining process of spindle 1, which reduces tool life and thus affects machining accuracy, tool cooling is necessary during machining, especially for deep hole machining, where spindle 1 needs to have a center water outlet to cool the tool. Therefore, this application provides a rotary joint 20, the inlet of which can be connected to an external coolant supply. Coolant can flow through the fluid channel to the tool outside spindle 1 to cool the tool, thereby ensuring tool life and machining accuracy.

[0052] Meanwhile, when changing tools, the spindle hole of spindle 1 needs to be cleaned. At this time, the inlet end of the rotary joint 20 can be connected to the external air supply component, and high-pressure gas can flow through the fluid channel to the tapered hole of spindle 1 to clean the tapered hole of spindle 1 and ensure machining accuracy.

[0053] When the spindle 1 is machining a workpiece, cutting fluid is introduced into the rotary joint 20. The cutting fluid flows to the tool through the pull rod 30 to cool the tool, which is called center water outlet. When the spindle 1 is changing tools, high-pressure gas is introduced into the rotary joint 20. The high-pressure gas reaches the tapered hole of the spindle 1 through the pull rod 30 to clean the tapered hole of the spindle 1, which is called center air blowing function.

[0054] The connecting rod assembly has a through hole 44 extending along the axial direction of the tie rod 30. The tie rod 30 is rotatably inserted through the through hole 44. The piston assembly is sleeved on the connecting rod assembly and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod assembly.

[0055] Understandably, the connecting rod assembly is adapted to rotate synchronously with the inner side of the rotary joint 20 in the circumferential direction, while the piston assembly only needs to move in the axial direction and does not need to rotate. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the rotating parts from the non-rotating parts. That is, if the piston assembly is directly connected to the connecting rod 30, the rotation of the connecting rod 30 will affect the piston movement and the machining accuracy.

[0056] In this application, by setting a connecting rod assembly, the piston assembly will not directly contact the pull rod 30, which can prevent interference between the two, ensure machining processes such as tool release and tool clamping, and improve machining accuracy. In addition, the connecting rod assembly is fixedly connected to the piston assembly, and the connecting rod assembly can provide an installation position for the piston assembly to ensure the stability and reliability of the piston assembly's movement within the piston chamber.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the connecting rod assembly has a first limiting part 42 and a second limiting part 43 spaced apart along the axial direction. The first limiting part 42 and the second limiting part 43 together fix the piston assembly in the axial direction of the connecting rod 30. By providing two limiting parts, axial positioning can be achieved, which can improve the installation reliability of the piston assembly.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the connecting rod assembly includes: a connecting rod body 41, the outer peripheral wall of the connecting rod body 41 is provided with an annular protrusion extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod, and the annular protrusion is formed as a first limiting part 42.

[0059] By providing the annular protrusion, on the one hand, it facilitates the restriction of the piston assembly in the axial direction of the connecting rod, thus making it easier to fix the piston assembly; on the other hand, it allows at least a portion of the first limiting part 42 to form the cavity wall of the piston chamber, which helps improve the sealing performance of the piston chamber and ensures the structural reliability of the connecting rod assembly. In addition, the annular protrusion can also act as a seal in the axial direction, preventing dust and impurities from entering the piston chamber.

[0060] In some embodiments, the connecting rod body 41 has an external thread, and the second limiting part 43 is a fastener with an internal thread. The fastener and the connecting rod are threaded together to improve the stability of their engagement. After the piston assembly is installed, it is locked by the fastener, which facilitates the installation of the piston assembly and improves the installation stability of the piston assembly.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the outer wall of the second limiting part 43 has a straight section 431 for engaging the auxiliary mounting component. For example, there can be an even number of oppositely arranged straight sections 431, such as two or four, so that an open-end wrench can be used for locking. When tightening the connecting rod body 41 and the fastener, the open-end wrench can be used to hold the fastener in place to facilitate the application of force and improve the stability of the installation. For example, the fastener can be a nut.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first limiting part 42 has a receiving groove 421, and a through hole 44 passes through the bottom wall of the receiving groove 421. The end of the rotary joint 20 is movably fitted into the receiving groove 421 along the axial direction of the connecting rod 30. For example, the connecting rod assembly has axial movement. Since the connecting rod assembly and the piston assembly move together axially, when the connecting rod assembly moves to the rotary joint 20, it is easy to impact the rotary joint 20, which will cause damage to the rotary joint 20. Therefore, the first limiting part 42 of the piston connecting rod is designed with a receiving groove 421 to avoid impacting the rotary joint 20 when the connecting rod assembly moves to the top, thereby improving the service life of both, and can accommodate the end of the rotary joint 20, which is beneficial to reducing the length of the spindle 1 and improving the machining accuracy.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first limiting portion 42 and the second limiting portion 43 are respectively located at both ends of the connecting rod body 41, with the first limiting portion 42 located at the end of the second limiting portion 43 facing the rotary joint 20. This increases the available space for the piston assembly and facilitates the miniaturization of the spindle 1. Simultaneously, it allows for slotting on the annular protrusion to define the piston chamber during piston assembly movement.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a portion of the inner wall of the through hole 44 is polygonal to restrict the auxiliary mounting component. For example, it can be square, pentagonal, or hexagonal, etc., and is not limited here. The shape of the restricting auxiliary mounting component can correspond to the through hole 44. When a portion of the inner wall of the through hole 44 is hexagonal, it can be locked in place using an internal hexagonal wrench. By providing a polygonal hole, the connecting rod assembly can be locked in place using an internal polygonal wrench during assembly and disassembly. In this way, when the connecting rod body 41 and the second limiting part 43 are tightened, the connecting rod body 41 can be locked in place using an internal polygonal wrench, preventing movement between the two during assembly and disassembly, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of their assembly.

[0065] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly and the pull rod 30 are clearance-fitted. This reduces wear between them, increases the lifespan of the spindle 1, and facilitates the axial movement of the connecting rod assembly and the rotation of the pull rod 30, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0066] In some embodiments, the connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly 10 jointly define a piston cavity, and the piston assembly is movably disposed within the piston cavity along the axial direction of the pull rod 30. The connecting rod assembly can jointly define the piston cavity with the cylinder assembly; for example, the connecting rod body 41, the first limiting portion 42, and the second limiting portion 43 are adapted to jointly define the piston cavity. Compared to the pull rod 30 directly defining the piston cavity with the cylinder assembly, where rotation of the pull rod affects the sealing effect between the piston cavity and the pull rod 30, impacting machining accuracy and cooling / cleaning efficiency, by having the connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly 10 jointly define the piston cavity, the piston assembly is movably disposed within the piston cavity along the axial direction of the pull rod 30. The connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly 10 are fixedly connected; when the piston assembly moves, the connecting rod assembly and the piston move synchronously to ensure the sealing effect at the connection between the piston cavity and the connecting rod assembly, thus improving the sealing effect of the piston cavity.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder assembly 10 has a cylinder inlet 11 and a piston reset port 12. The piston chamber includes a first chamber 60 and a second chamber 70. The first chamber 60 is connected to the cylinder inlet 11 and the piston reset port 12. The piston assembly is movable along the axial direction of the connecting rod 30 and has a first position and a second position. When the piston assembly is in the first position, the cylinder inlet 11 is connected to the first chamber 60, and the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70 are in a connected state. When the piston assembly is in the second position, the piston reset port 12 is connected to the first chamber 60, and the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70 are in an independent state.

[0068] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the piston assembly is in the second position, the second chamber 70 can be an open chamber to improve the power of the piston assembly and increase processing efficiency.

[0069] Combination Figure 1 High-pressure gas enters the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70 through the cylinder inlet 11. Under the action of the high-pressure gas, the piston assembly moves downward axially to position itself in the first position, pushing the pull rod 30 to complete the knife release action. Figure 2 High-pressure gas enters the first chamber 60 through the piston reset port 12. Under the action of high-pressure gas, the piston assembly moves upward axially, which can then position the piston assembly in the second position, releasing the pull rod 30 to complete the pull action.

[0070] Therefore, the connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly 10 can jointly define the piston chamber. By switching the position, the pull-out state of the spindle 1 can be changed. This setting helps to ensure the sealing effect at the connection between the piston chamber and the connecting rod assembly, and improves the sealing effect of the piston chamber.

[0071] In some embodiments, the cylinder inlet 11 is connected to the side of the first chamber 60 facing the rotary joint 20, and the piston reset port 12 is connected to the side of the first chamber 60 away from the rotary joint 20. That is, the cylinder inlet 11 and the piston reset port 12 are respectively on both sides of the first chamber 60, pushing the first piston 51 in opposite directions to facilitate the cutting and unloading of the spindle 1, which is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the spindle 1.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the piston assembly includes a first piston 51 and a second piston 52, which are fixedly connected. The first piston 51 is located on the side of the second piston 52 facing the rotary joint 20. The connecting rod assembly, the first piston 51, and the second piston 52 together define a ventilation channel.

[0073] Therefore, by setting up a ventilation channel, the reliability of the connection between the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70 can be ensured, allowing the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 60 to enter the second chamber 70, thereby ensuring the synchronous movement of the first piston 51 and the second piston 52 and improving processing efficiency. Setting up multiple pistons can increase the power of the spindle 1 and improve processing efficiency.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first piston 51 has a vent 511 extending along the axial direction of the pull rod 30, the connecting rod assembly has a first step 45 spaced apart from one end of the vent 511, and the first piston 51 has a second step 513 through which the vent 511 passes, thus spaced apart from the second piston 52. For example, the second step 513 may be formed on an annular protrusion, with the second step 513 on the side of the annular protrusion facing the piston assembly. Thus, the first step 45 and the second step 513 can create a gap between the connecting rod assembly and the second piston 52 and the vent 511, facilitating communication between the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70, and allowing for control of the opening or closing of the vent 511 to facilitate the switching between the pull-out and release states.

[0075] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the cylinder assembly 10 has an annular protrusion 13 extending in the circumferential direction to divide the piston chamber into a first chamber 60 and a second chamber 70. The first piston 51 has an extension 512 extending in the axial direction of the connecting rod 30. The extension is spaced apart from the connecting rod assembly so that the extension 512 can extend into it, which can facilitate the switching of the piston assembly between the first position and the second position and ensure the efficiency of the piston assembly in providing power.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first step portion 45 is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and the second step portion 513 is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the first piston 51; or, as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, multiple first step portions 45 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and multiple second step portions 513 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the first piston 51. Each of the multiple first step portions 45 and multiple second step portions 513 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The sidewalls of the first step portions 45 and second step portions 513 extending axially are arc-shaped. Both of these configurations ensure that the first step portions 45 and second step portions 513 are clear, allowing the vent 511 to communicate with the first chamber 60 and the second chamber 70.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the end of the rotary joint 20 furthest from the piston assembly is located outside the cylinder assembly 10. This facilitates the replacement of the liquid or air supply components connected to the rotary joint 20, and also facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of the rotary joint 20.

[0078] This application also proposes a machine tool including the aforementioned spindle. By providing a connecting rod assembly, the piston assembly will not directly contact the pull rod 30, preventing interference between the two and ensuring machining processes such as tool release and tool clamping, thereby improving machining accuracy. Furthermore, the connecting rod assembly is fixedly connected to the piston assembly, providing an installation position for the piston assembly to ensure the stability and reliability of the piston assembly's movement within the piston chamber.

[0079] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0080] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A spindle, characterized in that, include: A cylinder assembly having mounting holes; A rotary joint, which is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole; A pull rod, which is hollow inside, is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole. The rotary joint is connected to the pull rod and together defines a fluid channel. Fluid is adapted to enter the fluid channel from the inlet end of the rotary joint and then flow to the outside of the main shaft. A connecting rod assembly having a through hole extending along the axial direction of the pull rod, the pull rod being rotatably inserted through the through hole, and the connecting rod assembly and the pull rod being clearance-fitted; A piston assembly, which is fitted over the connecting rod assembly and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod assembly.

2. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod assembly has a first limiting part and a second limiting part spaced apart along the axial direction, and the first limiting part and the second limiting part together fix the piston assembly in the axial direction of the pull rod.

3. The spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod assembly includes: a connecting rod body, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the connecting rod body is provided with an annular protrusion extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod, and the annular protrusion is formed as the first limiting portion.

4. The spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod body has an external thread, the second limiting part is a fastener, the fastener has an internal thread, and the fastener is threadedly engaged with the connecting rod.

5. The spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the second limiting part has a straight section.

6. The spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first limiting part has a receiving groove, the through hole is provided through the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and the end of the rotary joint is movably fitted in the receiving groove along the axial direction of the pull rod.

7. The spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first limiting part and the second limiting part are respectively located at both ends of the connecting rod body, and the first limiting part is located at the end of the second limiting part facing the rotary joint.

8. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the through hole is partially polygonal.

9. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod assembly and the cylinder assembly together define a piston chamber, and the piston assembly is movably disposed within the piston chamber along the axial direction of the connecting rod.

10. The spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cylinder assembly has a cylinder inlet and a piston return port, and the piston chamber includes a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber is connected to the cylinder inlet and the piston return port; The piston assembly is movable along the axial direction of the pull rod and has a first position and a second position. When the piston assembly is in the first position, the cylinder inlet is in communication with the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in a communication state. When the piston assembly is in the second position, the piston reset port is connected to the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in an independent state.

11. The spindle according to claim 10, characterized in that, The cylinder inlet is connected to the side of the first chamber facing the rotary joint, and the piston reset port is connected to the side of the first chamber away from the rotary joint.

12. The spindle according to claim 11, characterized in that, The piston assembly includes: First piston, The second piston is fixedly connected to the first piston, with the first piston located on the side of the second piston facing the rotary joint. The connecting rod assembly, the first piston, and the second piston together define a ventilation channel.

13. The spindle according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first piston has an air passage through the axial direction of the pull rod, the connecting rod assembly has a first stepped portion spaced apart from one end of the air passage, the first piston has a second stepped portion, and the air passage is disposed in the second stepped portion to space the air passage from the second piston.

14. The spindle according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first stepped portion is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and the second stepped portion is an annular ring extending in the circumferential direction of the first piston; or, The first step portion consists of a plurality of portions spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod assembly, and the second step portion consists of a plurality of portions spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the first piston. The plurality of first step portions and the plurality of second step portions are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The sidewall of the first step portion and the second step portion extending in the axial direction is arc-shaped.

15. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the rotary joint furthest from the piston assembly is located outside the cylinder assembly.

16. A machine tool, characterized in that, Includes a spindle according to any one of claims 1-15.

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