A heat management system, method and engineering machinery

Abstract

This invention discloses a heat management system, method, and engineering machinery. The management system includes: a hydraulic oil cooling component, a cab heating component, a battery liquid cooling circulation component, a vehicle radiator, and a controller. The hydraulic oil cooling component includes a water-oil heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the coolant and hydraulic oil. The cab heating component, battery liquid cooling circulation component, and vehicle radiator are all equipped with water circulation pipes, through which coolant flows, achieving heat exchange between the coolant and these components. The water circulation pipes are equipped with solenoid valves and temperature sensors connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valves based on the temperature collected by the temperature sensor, managing the heat exchange in each water circulation pipe. This invention connects the hydraulic oil cooling system to the cab and battery system, improving the overall energy utilization rate of the machine according to different ambient temperatures and operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a heat management system, method, and engineering machinery, belonging to the field of control technology for electric scooter excavators. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of electrification in construction machinery, the research and development of pure electric excavators is being widely carried out by major manufacturers both domestically and internationally. Currently, the mainstream design integrates the "three electrics" (battery, motor, and electronic control system) with traditional hydraulic excavators. Similar to fuel-powered excavators, the electric fan runs to dissipate heat from the system. However, in winter, the hydraulic oil needs preheating due to its low temperature, typically achieved by increasing hydraulic oil resistance, resulting in high energy consumption. Besides the high cost, another constraint on the development of electric products is insufficient driving range. Improving energy efficiency and energy conservation and emission reduction are key development directions for electric products. Furthermore, the overall thermal management of the machine is closely related to the battery system's lifespan and the overall energy consumption of the machine.

[0003] Unlike fuel-powered excavators, the cooling system of existing electric excavators directly uses a fan driven by the engine and is directly connected to the engine. The heating system can introduce engine coolant into the cab. Electric excavators require an additional heating system consisting of a PTC electric heater to provide warm air to the cab. The air conditioning system is equipped with a separate electric fan condenser to cool the air conditioning system. The hydraulic oil cooling system is integrated with the three electric systems and uses an independent electric fan powered by a battery or lithium battery to cool the coolant in the serpentine tubes inside the radiator.

[0004] Pure electric hydraulic excavators have independent battery cooling systems, motor and controller cooling systems, hydraulic oil cooling systems, and cab air conditioning and heating systems. The integration of thermal management is low, energy recycling is poor, and they occupy a lot of space.

[0005] During operation, the heat generated by the hydraulic system is directly dissipated into the environment via air cooling and a radiator, resulting in low energy recycling efficiency. The methods of increasing hydraulic oil temperature through oil resistance, cooling the hydraulic oil in low ambient temperatures, and the WPTC heating system in the cab all operate independently, leading to high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a thermal management system, method, and engineering machinery. The hydraulic oil cooling system is connected to the cab and battery system, improving the overall energy utilization rate of the machine according to different ambient temperatures and operating conditions. To achieve the above objective, this invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a thermal management system, comprising: a hydraulic oil cooling component, a cab heating component, a battery liquid cooling circulation component, a vehicle radiator, and a controller;

[0008] The hydraulic oil cooling component includes a water-oil heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the coolant and the hydraulic oil; the cab heating component, the battery liquid cooling circulation component, and the vehicle radiator are all equipped with water circulation pipes, and the coolant flows in the water circulation pipes to realize heat exchange between the coolant and the cab heating component, the battery liquid cooling circulation component, and the vehicle radiator.

[0009] The water circulation pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve and a temperature sensor connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve according to the temperature collected by the temperature sensor to manage the heat exchange of each water circulation pipeline.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a heat management method based on the first aspect, comprising:

[0011] The temperature collected by the temperature sensor includes the ambient temperature of the cab, the hydraulic oil temperature, the coolant inlet temperature of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation component, the coolant inlet temperature of the water-oil heat exchanger, and the coolant outlet temperature of the water-oil heat exchanger.

[0012] The hydraulic oil heat management requirements are determined based on the obtained hydraulic oil temperature, the cab heat requirements are determined based on the cab ambient temperature, and the battery heat requirements are determined based on the coolant inlet temperature of the battery liquid cooling circulation component water circulation pipeline.

[0013] Based on the coolant temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger, as well as the heat management requirements of the hydraulic oil, the cab, and the battery, the opening degree of each solenoid valve on the output water circulation pipeline is adjusted to manage heat exchange.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, optionally, the hydraulic oil heat management requirements include:

[0015] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 <T 液压油加热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is for heating the hydraulic oil;

[0016] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 液压油加热 ≤T 油 ≤T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is the hydraulic oil waste heat circulation;

[0017] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 >T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil.

[0018] In conjunction with the second aspect, optionally, the heat requirement of the battery is within an ideal operating temperature range of T. A -TB Specifically:

[0019] Obtain the coolant temperature T of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly. 电池 ;

[0020] When T 电池 <T A The battery needs heat, so the internal PTC is activated to heat the battery.

[0021] When T B ≤T 电池 ≤T C The vehicle's radiator cools the battery.

[0022] When T 电池 >T C The vehicle's radiator dissipates heat, and the cab's air conditioning cooling system is activated for secondary cooling.

[0023] In conjunction with the second aspect, optionally, in response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the water circulation line of the vehicle radiator is shut off to obtain the cab ambient temperature T. 环 ;

[0024] When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, the cab heating system's WPTC (Wafer Pressure Control Center) is activated to heat the cab and the coolant in the cab heating system's water circulation pipes. The high-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the hydraulic oil in the water-oil heat exchanger, thus heating the hydraulic oil.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect, optionally, in response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the hydraulic oil waste heat is circulated to obtain the cab ambient temperature T. 环 ;

[0026] When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system to supply warm water to the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system. If the cab WPTC in the cab heating system is in working condition, the output power of the cab WPTC is reduced until it is turned off.

[0027] In response to the battery's heat requirement, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipes of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, supplying warm water to the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, according to T 电池 Reduce the battery WPTC output power until it is turned off;

[0028] After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, optionally, in response to the hydraulic oil thermal management requirements, the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil. 环 ;

[0030] When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, turn off the cab WPTC in the cab heating system and use hydraulic oil coolant to meet the cab's heat requirements.

[0031] In response to the battery's need for heat, the internal PTC of the battery is turned off, and the battery's heat demand is met by hydraulic oil coolant;

[0032] After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention provides engineering machinery, including the heat management system described in the first aspect, and using the heat management method described in the second aspect for heat management.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the heat management system, method, and engineering machinery provided in the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0035] This invention provides a thermal management system comprising: a hydraulic oil cooling component, a cab heating component, a battery liquid cooling circulation component, a vehicle radiator, and a controller. The hydraulic oil cooling component includes a water-oil heat exchanger, which exchanges heat with the hydraulic oil via coolant. The cab heating component, battery liquid cooling circulation component, and vehicle radiator are all equipped with water circulation pipes, through which coolant flows, achieving heat exchange between the coolant and the cab heating component, battery liquid cooling circulation component, and vehicle radiator. The controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve based on the temperature collected by a temperature sensor to manage the heat exchange in each water circulation pipe. This invention connects the hydraulic oil coolant to the coolant in the cab heating component, battery liquid cooling circulation component, and vehicle radiator, improving the overall energy utilization rate according to different ambient temperatures and operating conditions. In low-temperature areas or environments, it can achieve mutual auxiliary heating based on the heating needs of the cab and hydraulic oil, thereby achieving energy saving, emission reduction, and improved energy efficiency.

[0036] This invention provides a heat management method, comprising: acquiring the temperature collected by a temperature sensor; determining the hydraulic oil heat management requirements based on the acquired hydraulic oil temperature, determining the heat requirements of the cab based on the ambient temperature of the cab, and determining the battery heat requirements based on the coolant inlet temperature of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation component; managing heat exchange by outputting the opening degree of each solenoid valve on the water circulation pipeline based on the coolant temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger, the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the cab heat requirements, and the battery heat requirements; this invention satisfies the heat requirements of the cab and battery by utilizing the waste heat of the hydraulic oil, reducing the heat dissipation power and increasing the temperature rise rate of the hydraulic oil and coolant during heating operation; adjusting the fan speed and the heat distributed to each part according to the heat requirements of each part to maintain the overall thermal balance, thereby improving the overall heat utilization rate and energy efficiency; and achieving dynamic balance of the whole machine by combining with existing WPTC power, fan, compressor and other components to improve the overall energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heat management system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of hydraulic oil used to meet the heat requirements of a battery in a heat management method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Condenser; 2. Cab fan; 3. Compressor; 4. Pressure switch; 5. Heat exchanger; 6. Cab evaporator; 7. Shut-off valve; 8. Electronic expansion valve; 9. Battery liquid cooling circulation assembly; 10. Flow solenoid valve; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Flow solenoid valve; 13. Flow solenoid valve; 14. Hydraulic oil temperature sensor; 15. Hydraulic oil tank; 16. Cooling system controller; 17. Vehicle radiator; 18. Vehicle fan; 19. Pump; 20. Cab WPTC; 21. Water tank; 22. Temperature sensor; 23. Cab heater; 24. Water pump; 25. Flow solenoid valve; 26. Safety valve; 27. Controller; 28. Motor controller; 29. ​​Hydraulic oil circulation system; 30. Temperature sensor; 31. Water-oil heat exchanger; 32. Temperature sensor; 33. Battery WPTC. Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal management system, including: a hydraulic oil cooling component, a cab heating component, a battery liquid cooling circulation component, a vehicle radiator, a controller 27, and a cooling system controller 16.

[0043] The hydraulic oil cooling assembly includes a water-oil heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the coolant and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil circulation system 29. The cab heating assembly, battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, and vehicle radiator are all equipped with water circulation pipes, through which the coolant flows, achieving heat exchange between the coolant and the cab heating assembly, battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, and vehicle radiator. The water circulation pipes are equipped with solenoid valves and temperature sensors connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valves according to the temperature collected by the temperature sensor, thereby managing the heat exchange of each water circulation pipe.

[0044] The input of the cooling system controller is connected to controller 27, and the output is connected to the solenoid valve and other cooling components such as the existing cab WPTC, vehicle fan, and cab air conditioning unit. The temperature collected by the temperature sensor is fed back to the controller, which then outputs a control signal to the cooling system controller.

[0045] Specifically, the cab heating system includes a temperature sensor 22, a cab heater 23, a flow solenoid valve 25, a pump 19, and a cab WPTC 20. The temperature sensor 22 collects the temperature of the coolant in the cab heating system's water circulation pipes and feeds the collected temperature back to the controller 27. The pump 19 pumps coolant into the cab heating system's water circulation pipes to mix with the existing coolant. The flow solenoid valve 25 regulates the flow of coolant in the cab heating system's water circulation pipes, managing the heat exchange in these pipes; the opening and closing of the flow solenoid valve 25 is controlled by the cooling system controller. The cab WPTC adjusts its output power according to the controller's output signal to heat the cab and the coolant in the cab heating system's water circulation pipes. The cab heater assists the cab WPTC in heating, providing warm air to heat the cab and the coolant in the cab heating system's water circulation pipes. The output power of the cab WPTC and the cab heater is controlled by the cooling system controller.

[0046] The cab air conditioning cooling system is a standard feature in existing electro-hydraulic excavators, used for cooling the cab. The system includes a cab evaporator 6, compressor 3, condenser 1, cab fan 2, electronic expansion valve 8, shut-off valve 7, and pressure switch 4. The system incorporates a water circulation pipeline containing external coolant. This external coolant exchanges heat with the coolant in the battery cooling circulation system at a heat exchanger 5, providing air conditioning cooling for the battery. The electronic expansion valve 8 and shut-off valve 7 regulate the flow rate of the external coolant to control battery cooling. The pressure switch 4 is located at the inlet of the condenser 1. The speed of the cab fan 2 and the output power of the compressor 3 are controlled by the cooling system controller.

[0047] A flow solenoid valve 12 is installed on the water circulation pipe of the vehicle radiator to adjust the flow rate of coolant in the water circulation pipe according to the output signal of the cooling system controller. The vehicle radiator 17 includes a vehicle fan 18 connected to the cooling system controller. The vehicle fan 18 adjusts its speed according to the output signal of the cooling system controller to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine. At the same time, the vehicle fan dynamically adjusts its speed according to the temperature of the coolant, the temperature of the cab heater assembly, the battery fluid cooling assembly, and the hydraulic oil, so as to preheat the hydraulic oil using the coolant from the cab heater assembly at low temperatures.

[0048] The battery liquid cooling circulation assembly 9 includes a heat exchanger 5, a battery WPTC33, a flow solenoid valve 10, and a temperature sensor 11. The temperature sensor 11 collects the temperature of the coolant inlet of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly and feeds the collected temperature back to the controller. The flow solenoid valve 10 regulates the flow of coolant in the water circulation pipe of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, managing the heat exchange in this water circulation pipe. The opening and closing of the flow solenoid valve 10 is controlled by the cooling system controller. The output power of the battery WPTC33 is controlled by the cooling system controller. The external coolant of the cab air conditioning cooling assembly exchanges heat with the coolant of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly in the heat exchanger 5 to provide air conditioning cooling for the battery.

[0049] The driver controls the motor, cab heating system, and cab air conditioning cooling system via motor controller 28, outputting the cab's heat requirements. The coolant in the cab heating system, battery cooling circulation system, and vehicle radiator's water circulation lines shares a single water tank 21. A water pump 24 pumps the coolant into the battery cooling circulation system and the vehicle radiator's water circulation lines. Safety valve 26 is a safety protection valve used to protect the water pump 24 when the flow resistance in the water circulation lines is too high.

[0050] The hydraulic oil cooling system includes a water-oil heat exchanger 31, a temperature sensor 30 that collects the coolant temperature at the inlet of the water-oil heat exchanger, and a temperature sensor 32 that collects the coolant temperature at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger. Hydraulic oil preheating is achieved through a flow solenoid valve 13, a cab WPTC 20, a temperature sensor 22, a cab heater 23, and another temperature sensor 32 and 30.

[0051] The hydraulic oil temperature is collected by the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 14 located in the hydraulic oil tank 15 and fed back to the controller 27.

[0052] This embodiment connects the hydraulic oil coolant to the cab heating system, battery cooling circulation system, and vehicle radiator coolant, improving the overall energy utilization rate of the machine according to different ambient temperatures and operating conditions. In low-temperature areas or environments, it can achieve mutual auxiliary heating based on the heating needs of the cab and hydraulic oil, thereby achieving the goals of energy saving, emission reduction, and improved energy efficiency.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment provides a heat management method based on Embodiment 1, executed by a controller, including:

[0055] Acquire the temperature collected by the temperature sensor;

[0056] The hydraulic oil heat management requirements are determined based on the obtained hydraulic oil temperature, the cab heat requirements are determined based on the cab ambient temperature, and the battery heat requirements are determined based on the coolant inlet temperature of the battery liquid cooling circulation component water circulation pipeline.

[0057] Based on the coolant temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger, as well as the heat management requirements of the hydraulic oil, the cab, and the battery, the opening degree of each solenoid valve on the output water circulation pipeline is controlled to manage heat exchange; it also includes output control commands for the working status of the cab fan 2, compressor 3, vehicle fan 18, cab WPTC20, and battery WPTC33.

[0058] Specifically, the temperatures collected by the temperature sensors include: the temperature of the coolant in the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system (i.e., the ambient temperature of the cab) collected by temperature sensor 22; the temperature of the coolant inlet of the battery liquid cooling circulation system collected by temperature sensor 11; the temperature of the coolant at the inlet of the water-oil heat exchanger collected by temperature sensor 30; the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger collected by temperature sensor 32; and the hydraulic oil temperature collected by hydraulic oil temperature sensor 14.

[0059] Hydraulic oil thermal management requirements include:

[0060] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 <T液压油加热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is for heating the hydraulic oil;

[0061] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 液压油加热 ≤T 油 ≤T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is the hydraulic oil waste heat circulation;

[0062] When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 >T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil.

[0063] In this embodiment, T 液压油加热 =20℃, T 液压油散热 =65℃.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery's heat requirement is within the ideal operating temperature range of T. A -T B Specifically:

[0065] Obtain the coolant temperature T of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly. 电池 ;

[0066] When T 电池 <T A The battery needs heat, so the internal PTC is activated to heat the battery.

[0067] When T B ≤T 电池 ≤T C The vehicle's radiator cools the battery.

[0068] When T 电池 >T C The vehicle's radiator dissipates heat, and the cab's air conditioning cooling system is activated for secondary cooling.

[0069] In this embodiment, T A =20℃, T B =25℃, the battery's heat requirement is ideally within the operating temperature range of 20℃-25℃. T C =40℃. When the battery temperature is greater than 40℃, the vehicle radiator will dissipate heat, and the cab air conditioning cooling components will be activated for secondary heat dissipation.

[0070] Specifically, in response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the water circulation line of the vehicle radiator is closed (flow solenoid valve 12 is closed), and the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained. 环 When T 环 <T 预设If the cab requires heat, the flow solenoid valve 25 is reduced, activating the cab WPTC20 in the cab heating system to heat the cab and the coolant in the water circulation pipes of the cab heating system. The high-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the hydraulic oil in the water-oil heat exchanger, thus heating the hydraulic oil. Hydraulic oil heating is achieved through a small circulation system consisting of pump 19, cab WPTC20, temperature sensor 22, cab heater 23, water-oil heat exchanger 31, temperature sensor 30, and flow solenoid valve 13. While heating the cab via cab WPTC20, the hydraulic oil is also heated, further increasing the hydraulic oil temperature rise during operation. In this embodiment, T... 预设 =10℃.

[0071] In response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the hydraulic oil waste heat is circulated, and the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained. 环 ;

[0072] When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system to supply warm water to the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system. If the cab WPTC in the cab heating system is in working condition, the output power of the cab WPTC is reduced until it is turned off.

[0073] In response to the battery's heat requirement, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipes of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, supplying warm water to the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, according to T 电池 Reduce the battery WPTC output power until it is turned off;

[0074] After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

[0075] In response to the hydraulic oil thermal management requirements, the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil. 环 ;

[0076] When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, turn off the cab WPTC in the cab heating system and use hydraulic oil coolant to meet the cab's heat requirements.

[0077] In response to the battery's need for heat, the internal PTC of the battery is turned off, and the battery's heat demand is met by hydraulic oil coolant;

[0078] After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

[0079] For battery systems, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery's heat requirement is ideally within the operating temperature range of 20℃-25℃. Below 0℃, charging heating is achieved through the battery's WPTC33 heating element, at which point all heat dissipation units are shut down. During heat dissipation, the entire unit's radiator is activated for air cooling. During normal operation, when the hydraulic oil reaches 20℃ while the battery temperature is lower, and the battery's WPTC33 is in operation, the flow solenoid valve 10 opens, allowing the residual heat from the hydraulic oil to participate in the battery system's heating process, working in conjunction with the battery's WPTC33. When the inlet temperature exceeds 30℃, the battery system is cooled by the entire unit's radiator. When the coolant inlet temperature exceeds 30℃, refrigerant cooling is activated, providing secondary heat dissipation through the heat exchanger.

[0080] Specifically, the whole machine heating is divided into 5 situations:

[0081] Situation 1 Heating Mode: When not in operation or charging, flow solenoid valve 13 is closed and flow solenoid valve 25 is open, and the cab heating air is in a small circulation state, which mainly provides a warm environment for the driver and passengers.

[0082] Scenario 2 Heating Mode: In low-temperature conditions, the cab uses the WPTC20 heating system. Flow solenoid valves 10 and 12 are closed, while flow solenoid valve 13 is open. Hydraulic oil and cooling water circulate through the cab in a small loop. The WPTC20 heating system in the cab activates, simultaneously introducing high-temperature coolant into the water-oil heat exchanger to heat the hydraulic oil. Simultaneously, through the overall machine operation, the hydraulic oil temperature increases due to the resistance of the hydraulic valves.

[0083] Situation 3 Heating Mode: When the hydraulic oil temperature reaches the normal operating state (20℃), the cab WPTC20 operates at reduced power to meet the cab heating water temperature requirements; if the battery system temperature is less than 15℃, the flow solenoid valve 10 opens, introducing the residual heat into the battery independent cooling system (battery WPTC33 is in working state) to mix with the battery water heating system coolant to provide heat to the battery system and reduce the power of battery WPTC33.

[0084] Scenario 4 Cooling Mode: If the oil temperature continues to rise, and the temperature of the mixture monitored by temperature sensor 32 exceeds the battery inlet temperature (35℃), the flow solenoid valve 10 is closed, and a portion of the coolant is introduced into the cab to mix with its own warm water. The heating power of the cab WPTC20 is reduced or even turned off. At the same time, the speed of the vehicle fan 18 and the displacement of the water pump 24 are increased to accelerate the cooling circulation and maintain the thermal balance of the entire machine. Due to the overall increase in coolant temperature, the battery system enters the refrigerant-assisted cooling mode.

[0085] Situation 5: Heat Limiting Mode: During normal operation, once the hydraulic oil temperature reaches 65℃, the cooling system controller reduces the opening size of flow solenoid valves 10, 12, and 13, adjusting the flow rate of coolant into the battery system and cab. This dynamically regulates the power of the cab WPTC20 and battery WPTC33 heaters, ensuring both full utilization of the heat generated by the hydraulic oil and meeting normal heating requirements. At this time, flow solenoid valve 12 opens, entering the hydraulic oil cooling mode. The battery independent cooling system flow solenoid valve 10 reduces its opening and gradually closes, preventing the inflow of hydraulic oil coolant.

[0086] During normal operation, hydraulic oil continuously and stably generates heat. In winter or when the temperature is low, the hydraulic oil heat is recycled to provide continuous heat to the cab while reducing the PTC heating power, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the machine.

[0087] Furthermore, the cooling medium was changed to a direct cooling mode where the air conditioning refrigerant is directly supplied to the hydraulic oil. The cab heating uses a heat pump, which absorbs heat from the hydraulic oil to achieve the cab heating effect.

[0088] This embodiment utilizes the waste heat of hydraulic oil to meet the heat requirements of the cab and battery. During heating operation, it reduces the heat dissipation power and increases the temperature rise rate of hydraulic oil and coolant. Based on the heat requirements of each part, it adjusts the fan speed and the heat distributed to each part to maintain the overall thermal balance, thereby improving the overall heat utilization rate and energy efficiency. Combined with existing WPTC power, fan, compressor and other components, it achieves dynamic balance of the whole machine and improves the overall energy efficiency.

[0089] Example 3:

[0090] This embodiment provides an engineering machinery, including the heat management system described in Embodiment 1, and using the heat management method described in Embodiment 2 for heat management.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat management method, characterized in that, Implemented based on a heat management system; The thermal management system includes: a hydraulic oil cooling component, a cab heating component, a battery liquid cooling circulation component, a vehicle radiator, and a controller; The hydraulic oil cooling component includes a water-oil heat exchanger, which exchanges heat between the coolant and the hydraulic oil; the cab heating component, the battery liquid cooling circulation component, and the vehicle radiator are all equipped with water circulation pipes, and the coolant flows in the water circulation pipes to realize heat exchange between the coolant and the cab heating component, the battery liquid cooling circulation component, and the vehicle radiator. The water circulation pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve and a temperature sensor connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve according to the temperature collected by the temperature sensor to manage the heat exchange of each water circulation pipeline. The heat management method includes: The temperature collected by the temperature sensor includes the ambient temperature of the cab, the hydraulic oil temperature, the coolant inlet temperature of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation component, the coolant inlet temperature of the water-oil heat exchanger, and the coolant outlet temperature of the water-oil heat exchanger. The hydraulic oil heat management requirements are determined based on the obtained hydraulic oil temperature, the cab heat requirements are determined based on the cab ambient temperature, and the battery heat requirements are determined based on the coolant inlet temperature of the battery liquid cooling circulation component water circulation pipeline. Based on the coolant temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger, as well as the heat management requirements of the hydraulic oil, the heat requirements of the cab, and the heat requirements of the battery, the opening degree of each solenoid valve on the output water circulation pipeline is used to manage the heat exchange. The hydraulic oil heat management requirements include: When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 <T 液压油加热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is for heating the hydraulic oil; When the hydraulic oil temperature T 液压油加热 ≤T 油 ≤T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is the hydraulic oil waste heat circulation; When the hydraulic oil temperature T 油 >T 液压油散热 At that time, the hydraulic oil heat management requirement is to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil; In response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the water circulation line of the vehicle radiator is shut off to heat the hydraulic oil, and the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained. 环 ; When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab needs heat, the cab WPTC in the cab heating system will be activated to heat the cab and heat the coolant in the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system. The high-temperature coolant will exchange heat with the hydraulic oil in the water-oil heat exchanger to heat the hydraulic oil. In response to the hydraulic oil heat management requirements, the hydraulic oil waste heat is circulated, and the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained. 环 ; When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system to supply warm water to the water circulation pipe of the cab heating system. If the cab WPTC in the cab heating system is in working condition, the output power of the cab WPTC is reduced until it is turned off. In response to the battery's heat requirement, the coolant at the outlet of the water-oil heat exchanger mixes with the coolant in the water circulation pipes of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, supplying warm water to the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly, according to T 电池 Reduce the battery WPTC output power until it is turned off; After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

2. The heat management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery's heat requirement is within the ideal operating temperature range T. A -T B Specifically: Obtain the coolant temperature T of the water circulation pipeline of the battery liquid cooling circulation assembly. 电池 ; When T 电池 <T A The battery needs heat, so the internal PTC is activated to heat the battery. When T B ≤T 电池 ≤T C The vehicle's radiator cools the battery. When T 电池 >T C The vehicle's radiator dissipates heat, and the cab's air conditioning cooling system is activated for secondary cooling.

3. The heat management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In response to the hydraulic oil thermal management requirements, the ambient temperature T in the cab is obtained to dissipate heat from the hydraulic oil. 环 ; When T 环 <T 预设 If the cab requires heat, turn off the cab WPTC in the cab heating system and use hydraulic oil coolant to meet the cab's heat requirements. In response to the battery's need for heat, the internal PTC of the battery is turned off, and the battery's heat demand is met by hydraulic oil coolant; After meeting the heat requirements of the cab and the battery, the flow rate of the vehicle radiator water circulation pipe is adjusted, and the speed of the vehicle fan is adjusted to dissipate heat from the coolant in the water circulation pipe and the entire machine, maintaining the thermal balance of the vehicle.

4. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, It includes a heat management system, which uses the heat management method described in any one of claims 1-3 for heat management.

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