Multi-directional impact drilling tool

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-directional impact drilling tool, which comprises a shell body, a rotary impact structure arranged in the shell body, a support structure arranged between the rotary impact structure and a drill bit seat, the support structure comprising a spiral support and a wedge-shaped support, a first wedge-shaped block arranged at the bottom end of the spiral support, and the circumferential two side walls of the first wedge-shaped block being a first wedge-shaped support surface and a second wedge-shaped support surface respectively; a second wedge-shaped block arranged at the top end of the wedge-shaped support, and the circumferential two side walls of the second wedge-shaped block being a third wedge-shaped support surface and a fourth wedge-shaped support surface respectively; the spiral support can rotate with the throttle support body to make the first wedge-shaped support surface abut against the third wedge-shaped support surface, and the spiral support can rotate with the throttle support body to make the second wedge-shaped support surface abut against the fourth wedge-shaped support surface. The application can generate a positive torsional impact and a downward axial impact, realizes the crushing of rocks at the front end and the lower end of a drill bit, increases the utilization of reverse torsional impact load, and significantly improves the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to downhole drilling tools in the field of petroleum development, and more particularly to a multi-directional percussion drilling tool. Background Technology

[0002] In drilling engineering, with the development of oil exploration technology, many problems have arisen during the oil drilling process. In the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells, the difficulty lies in the high hardness of the rock, requiring significant energy to break it. In deep wells, due to the high rock hardness, the reverse torsional force experienced by the drill bit cutting the rock is excessive, easily causing the drill string to jam, resulting in a failure to break the rock, thus halting the drilling process and even damaging the drill string.

[0003] To further improve the mechanical drilling rate in deep wells, some scholars have proposed using impact methods to achieve rapid rock breaking and have developed corresponding impact drilling tools. Currently, impact drilling tools can be classified according to their impact method into: axial impact drilling tools, torsional impact drilling tools, and composite impact drilling tools. Axial impact drilling tools generate downward axial impact loads to achieve volumetric rock fragmentation at the lower end of the drill bit. Torsional impact drilling tools provide reciprocating tangential impact loads to the drill bit, increasing the cutting torque of the drill bit's cutting teeth, while the generated high-frequency torsional vibrations improve the cutting condition of the drill bit. Composite impact drilling tools integrate axial and torsional impact loads, simultaneously increasing the peak values ​​of both axial and tangential loads to achieve rapid rock breaking.

[0004] Currently, torsional impact drilling tools, due to their shorter length, are highly feasible for use with downhole power drilling tools, significantly expanding their application range. Conventional torsional impact drilling tools achieve reciprocating impact through the reciprocating rotation of an internal hammer, converting hydraulic energy into torsional impact loads. The reciprocating torsional impacts generated by these tools differ in that forward torsional impacts (in the same direction as the drill string rotation) increase the drill bit's cutting torque, directly contributing to rock breaking, while reverse torsional impacts (opposite to the drill string rotation) reduce the drill bit's cutting torque, hindering rock breaking. Therefore, the energy utilization efficiency of this type of tool is not high.

[0005] To further improve the mechanical drilling rate based on torsional impact drilling tools, the energy utilization rate of torsional impact can be increased by using reverse torsional impact loads for rock breaking.

[0006] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes a multi-directional impact drilling tool to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-directional impact drilling tool that generates positive torsional impact and downward axial impact to break the rock at the front and lower ends of the drill bit, increases the utilization of reverse torsional impact load, and significantly improves the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a multi-directional impact drilling tool includes a housing body, the bottom end of which is connected to a drill bit holder; a rotating impact structure is disposed within the housing body, the rotating impact structure including a screen pipe, a deflector, a pendulum, and a throttling support coaxially arranged from the inside out, the pendulum being capable of reciprocating around the central axis of the housing body to impact the throttling support and generate an impact load; a support structure is disposed between the rotating impact structure and the drill bit holder, the support structure including a helical support fixedly connected to the throttling support and a wedge-shaped support connected to the top end of the drill bit holder, the bottom end of the helical support being provided with a first wedge block, the... The first wedge block has two circumferential side walls, which are respectively a first wedge support surface and a second wedge support surface; a second wedge block is provided at the top of the wedge support, and the two circumferential side walls of the second wedge block are respectively a third wedge support surface and a fourth wedge support surface; the helical support can rotate with the throttling support body to make the first wedge support surface abut against the third wedge support surface, so as to decompose the impact load equally into a first axial load and a first radial load; the helical support can rotate with the throttling support body to make the second wedge support surface abut against the fourth wedge support surface, so as to decompose the impact load into a second axial load and a second radial load, wherein the second axial load is greater than the second radial load.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first wedge-shaped support surface and the third wedge-shaped support surface are both set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane; the angle between the second wedge-shaped support surface and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°; and the angle between the fourth wedge-shaped support surface and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the outer shell body is connected to the drill bit holder outer shell, the inner wall of the drill bit holder outer shell is provided with a first annular groove from top to bottom, and the side wall of the first annular groove is sleeved and connected to the side wall of the outer shell body; a spline groove is provided with the bottom of the first annular groove facing downward, a spline is provided on the outer wall of the drill bit holder, and the drill bit holder and the drill bit holder outer shell are connected by the spline and the spline groove.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wedge-shaped support includes a second annular body, the bottom end of the second annular body is provided with connecting teeth, the top end of the drill bit seat is provided with connecting grooves, and the wedge-shaped support and the drill bit seat are connected by the connecting teeth and the connecting grooves.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spiral support includes a first annular body, the bottom end of the first annular body is provided with the first wedge block, the first annular body is provided with a through connecting hole, and a screw that can be connected to the throttling support is inserted in the connecting hole.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first central hole is provided through the outer shell body along the axial direction, a second central hole is provided through the screen tube along the axial direction, and a third central hole is provided through the drill bit seat along the axial direction, wherein the second central hole connects the first central hole and the third central hole.

[0014] The throttling support includes an axially fixed support body that can swing circumferentially. The inner wall of the support body has radially symmetrically arranged fan-shaped protrusions, with adjacent fan-shaped protrusions forming fan-shaped grooves. The pendulum is fitted inside the support body and can swing to impact the sidewall of the fan-shaped groove. The bottom end of the fan-shaped groove communicates with the second central hole. A through-flow groove is provided on the fan-shaped protrusion, connecting the first and third central holes. Radial through-slots are provided on both sides of the through-flow groove on the fan-shaped protrusion. External channels are provided on the outer wall of the support body from top to bottom at positions corresponding to the through-slots, with the bottom ends of the external channels being closed. The bottom end of the support body is fixedly connected to the spiral support.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pendulum includes a pendulum body that is axially fixed and rotatably fitted inside the support body. The outer wall of the pendulum body is provided with radially symmetrical outer fan-shaped protrusions. The outer fan-shaped protrusions are respectively provided with a first pendulum through groove and a second pendulum through groove on their circumferential sides. The inner wall of the pendulum body is provided with radially symmetrical inner fan-shaped protrusions. The inner fan-shaped protrusions are respectively provided with a third pendulum through groove and a fourth pendulum through groove on their circumferential sides. Each outer fan-shaped protrusion is fitted inside the fan-shaped groove of the support body and can swing and impact the side wall of the fan-shaped groove of the support body.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steering device includes a steering device body that is axially fixed and rotatably sleeved between the screen tube and the pendulum body. The outer wall of the steering device body is provided with first steering device fan-shaped protrusions arranged radially symmetrically. Each of the first steering device fan-shaped protrusions is provided with a first steering device through groove and a second steering device through groove arranged radially at intervals along the circumference. The first steering device through groove can communicate with the first pendulum through groove or the second pendulum through groove, and the second steering device through groove can communicate with the first pendulum through groove or the second pendulum through groove.

[0017] The outer wall of the steering gear body is radially symmetrically provided with second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions. The second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions are provided with steering gear outer channels along the axial direction. The bottom end of the steering gear outer channel is open and the top end is closed. Each of the pendulum sector-shaped protrusions can be oscillatingly fitted into each of the steering gear outer channels. The first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions are circumferentially staggered, and the first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the adjacent second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions form a steering gear flow groove. The axial length of the first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions is less than the axial length of the steering gear body.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screen tube is sleeved within the body of the steering gear, and an inclined screen tube through groove is provided on the side wall of the screen tube; a screen tube base is provided at the bottom end of the screen tube, and an inclined through base flow hole is provided on the side wall of the screen tube base, the base flow hole connecting the steering gear flow groove and the second central hole; the screen tube base is fixedly connected to the spiral support; a wear-resistant plate is provided on the screen tube above the screen tube base, and the bottom end of the steering gear body abuts against the wear-resistant plate; a nozzle is provided inside the screen tube above the screen tube base.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an end cap is disposed above the rotating impact structure within the first central hole. The end cap includes an end cap body, an end cap protrusion, and an end cap head. A fourth central hole is axially disposed on the end cap, and the fourth central hole axially connects the first central hole and the second central hole. The outer wall of the end cap body abuts against the inner wall of the outer shell body, and the top end of the end cap head abuts against the outer shell body axially.

[0020] The top ends of the throttling support and the screen tube are fixedly connected to the end cap body; an end cap connecting hole is provided on the end cap body along the circumference, and an end cap side wall through groove is provided on the side wall of the end cap protrusion; the fourth central hole, the end cap side wall through groove, the end cap connecting hole and the external channel of the support body are connected.

[0021] As described above, the multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The multi-directional impact drilling tool of this invention has a simple structure and long service life. One set of wedge-shaped support surfaces provides the drill bit with an axial and radial force component that is nearly 1:1, while the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces primarily provides the axial force, increasing the axial cutting load of the drill bit on the rock and thus enhancing the downward rock-breaking effect. When the drill bit repeatedly rotates to break the rock, when it stops rotating in the forward direction, a set of wedge-shaped support surfaces simultaneously generates a forward torsional impact and a downward axial impact, used to break the rock at the front and lower ends of the drill bit's cutting teeth. When the drill bit stops rotating in the reverse direction, the reverse torsional impact is converted into a downward axial impact through the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces, used to break the rock at the lower end of the drill bit's cutting teeth. This multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention can apply most of the impact load to rock breaking, has high energy utilization, and assists the drill bit in breaking rocks, thereby improving the mechanical drilling speed. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] in:

[0025] Figure 1 : This is an external view of the multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 :for Figure 1 BB section view.

[0027] Figure 3 :for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section I in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 : This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 : This is a schematic diagram of the support structure when the first wedge-shaped support surface and the third wedge-shaped support surface are in contact.

[0030] Figure 6 : This is a schematic diagram of the support structure when the second wedge-shaped support surface and the fourth wedge-shaped support surface are in contact.

[0031] Figure 7 : This is a schematic diagram of the throttling support of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 : This is a schematic diagram of the pendulum of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 : This is a schematic diagram of the steering mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 : This is a schematic diagram of the sieve tube of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11: This is a schematic diagram of the end cap of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 : This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped support of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 : This is a cross-sectional view of AA in the first state of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 14 : This is a cross-sectional view of AA in the second state of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 : This is a cross-sectional view of AA in the third state of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 : This is a cross-sectional view of AA in the fourth state of the present invention.

[0041] In the picture:

[0042] 1. Outer shell;

[0043] 2. End cap; 21. End cap body; 22. End cap protrusion; 23. End cap head; 24. End cap connecting hole; 25. End cap side wall through groove;

[0044] 3. Rotational impact structure;

[0045] 31. Screen tube; 311. Screen tube through groove; 312. Screen tube base; 3121. Base flow hole;

[0046] 32. Steering gear; 321. First steering gear sector protrusion; 3211. First steering gear through slot; 3212. Second steering gear through slot; 322. Second steering gear sector protrusion; 3221. Steering gear outer channel; 323. Steering gear through groove;

[0047] 33. Pendulum; 331. Outer fan-shaped protrusion of the pendulum; 3311. Through slot of the first pendulum; 3312. Through slot of the second pendulum; 332. Inner fan-shaped protrusion of the pendulum; 3321. Through slot of the third pendulum; 3322. Through slot of the fourth pendulum;

[0048] 34. Throttling support; 341. Fan-shaped protrusion of support; 3411. Flow groove of support; 342. Fan-shaped groove of support; 343. Through groove of support; 344. External channel of support;

[0049] 4. Drill bit holder; 41. Connecting tooth groove;

[0050] 5. Support structure; 51. Spiral support; 511. First wedge block; 5111. First wedge support surface; 5112. Second wedge support surface; 512. First ring body; 52. Wedge support; 521. Second wedge block; 5211. Third wedge support surface; 5212. Fourth wedge support surface; 522. Second ring body; 523. Connecting tooth;

[0051] 6. Drill bit housing;

[0052] 7. Wear-resistant sheets;

[0053] 8. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, all of which should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal communication between two elements, and can be direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0057] Figures 1 to 12As shown, this invention provides a multi-directional impact drilling tool, including a housing body 1. The outer wall of the top of the housing body 1 is provided with an external tapered thread for sealing and connecting the drill collar. The bottom end of the housing body 1 is connected to a drill bit seat 4. A rotating impact structure 3 is provided inside the housing body 1. The rotating impact structure 3 includes a screen tube 31, a deflector 32, a pendulum 33, and a throttling support 34 coaxially sleeved from the inside out. The pendulum 33 can reciprocate around the central axis of the housing body 1 to impact the throttling support 34 and generate an impact load. A support structure 5 is provided between the rotating impact structure 3 and the drill bit seat 4. The support structure 5 includes components connected to the throttling support 34. 4. A fixedly connected spiral support 51 and a wedge-shaped support 52 connected to the top of the drill bit holder 4. The bottom end of the spiral support 51 is provided with a first wedge block 511, and the two circumferential side walls of the first wedge block 511 are respectively a first wedge-shaped support surface 5111 and a second wedge-shaped support surface 5112; the top end of the wedge-shaped support 52 is provided with a second wedge block 521, and the two circumferential side walls of the second wedge block 521 are respectively a third wedge-shaped support surface 5211 and a fourth wedge-shaped support surface 5212; the spiral support 51 can rotate with the throttling support body 34 to make the first wedge-shaped support surface 5111 abut against the third wedge-shaped support surface 5211 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown), the impact load is equally decomposed into a first axial load and a first radial load; the helical support 51 can rotate with the throttling support 34 to make the second wedge-shaped support surface 5112 abut against the fourth wedge-shaped support surface 5212 (as shown). Figure 6 As shown, the impact load is decomposed into a second axial load and a second radial load, with the second axial load being greater than the second radial load. The first wedge block 511 of the helical support 51 engages with different wedge surfaces of the wedge support 52 to provide the drill bit with axial and radial forces of different proportions to break rock.

[0058] Under the action of drilling fluid, the pendulum 33 reciprocates and impacts the throttling support 34, generating an impact load, which is then transmitted to the helical support 51. The helical support 51 and the wedge support 52 transmit the load through the wedge support surface. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the helical support 51 rotates clockwise with the throttling support 34 (this direction is determined according to the actual situation; in this embodiment, clockwise is the positive direction and counterclockwise is the negative direction) until the first wedge support surface 5111 and the third wedge support surface 5211 abut against each other. The impact load is equally decomposed into a first axial load and a first radial load, providing the drill bit with an axial load. The axial and radial components are approximately 1:1. The helical support 51 rotates counterclockwise with the throttling support 34 until the second wedge-shaped support surface 5112 and the fourth wedge-shaped support surface 5212 abut against each other. The impact load is decomposed into a second axial load and a second radial load. The second axial load is greater than the second radial load. In order to increase the effect of the drill bit breaking rock downwards, the angle between the second wedge-shaped support surface 5112 and the fourth wedge-shaped support surface 5212 and the horizontal plane should be as small as possible, just enough to allow rotation and locking. At this time, the force provided by the impact load to the drill bit is mainly axial load, which increases the axial cutting load of the drill bit on the rock.

[0059] The multi-directional impact drilling tool of this invention has a simple structure and long service life. One set of wedge-shaped support surfaces provides the drill bit with an axial and radial force component that is nearly 1:1, while the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces primarily provides the axial force, increasing the axial cutting load of the drill bit on the rock and thus enhancing the downward rock-breaking effect. When the drill bit repeatedly rotates to break the rock, when it stops rotating in the forward direction, a set of wedge-shaped support surfaces simultaneously generates a forward torsional impact and a downward axial impact, used to break the rock at the front and lower ends of the drill bit's cutting teeth. When the drill bit stops rotating in the reverse direction, the reverse torsional impact is converted into a downward axial impact through the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces, used to break the rock at the lower end of the drill bit's cutting teeth. This multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention can apply most of the impact load to rock breaking, has high energy utilization, and assists the drill bit in breaking rocks, thereby improving the mechanical drilling speed.

[0060] Furthermore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first wedge-shaped support surface 5111 and the third wedge-shaped support surface 5211 are both set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane to satisfy the equal decomposition of the impact load along the axial and radial directions; the angle between the second wedge-shaped support surface 5112 and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°; the angle between the fourth wedge-shaped support surface 5212 and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°. This angle range can be adjusted and is kept as small as possible under the condition of wedge-shaped surface locking fit, so as to satisfy the decomposition of most of the impact load into axial load.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the drill bit holder 4 is coaxially fixed inside the outer shell body 1 from the outside in. The bottom end of the outer shell body 1 is connected to the drill bit holder housing 6. The inner wall of the drill bit holder housing 6 has a first annular groove from top to bottom, and the side wall of the first annular groove is fitted onto the side wall of the outer shell body 1. A spline groove is provided with the bottom of the first annular groove facing downwards. A spline is provided on the outer wall of the drill bit holder 4. The drill bit holder 4 and the drill bit holder housing 6 are connected by splines and spline grooves. The bottom end of the outer shell body 1 is clamped between the drill bit holder 4 and the drill bit holder housing 6. The drill bit holder 4 is easier to install, and its connection stability is better.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 12 As shown, the wedge-shaped support 52 includes a second annular body 522. The bottom end of the second annular body 522 is provided with connecting teeth 523, and the top end of the drill bit holder 4 is provided with connecting grooves 41. The wedge-shaped support 52 and the drill bit holder 4 are connected by the connecting teeth 523 and the connecting grooves 41. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the second annular body 522 is provided with three circumferentially distributed second wedge-shaped blocks 521.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the spiral support 51 includes a first annular body 512, a first wedge block 511 is provided at the bottom end of the first annular body 512, and a through connecting hole is provided on the first annular body 512, through which a screw that can be connected to the throttling support is inserted. In one embodiment of the present invention, three circumferentially distributed first wedge blocks 511 are provided at the bottom end of the first annular body 512.

[0064] Furthermore, a first central hole is provided through the outer shell body 1 along the axial direction, a second central hole is provided through the screen tube 31 along the axial direction, and a third central hole is provided through the drill bit seat 4 along the axial direction. The second central hole connects the first central hole and the third central hole. An internal tapered thread for connecting the drill bit is provided at the end of the third central hole away from the outer shell body 1.

[0065] like Figure 2 , Figure 7As shown, the throttling support 34 includes a support body that is axially fixed and circumferentially swingable. The inner wall of the support body has radially symmetrically arranged fan-shaped protrusions 341. Adjacent fan-shaped protrusions 341 form fan-shaped grooves 342. A pendulum 33 is fitted inside the support body and can swing to impact the sidewall of the fan-shaped groove 342. The bottom end of the fan-shaped groove 342 can communicate with a second central hole. A through-hole is provided on the fan-shaped protrusions 341. The support body has a through groove 3411, which connects the first central hole and the third central hole. The support body fan-shaped protrusion 341 has radially through grooves 343 on both sides of the through groove 3411. The support body has an external channel 344 on the outer wall of the support body, corresponding to the through groove 343, arranged from top to bottom. The bottom end of the external channel 344 is closed. The bottom end of the support body is fixedly connected to the spiral support 51.

[0066] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, the pendulum 33 includes a pendulum body that is axially fixed and rotatably fitted within the support body. The outer wall of the pendulum body has radially symmetrically arranged outer fan-shaped protrusions 331. A first pendulum through-hole 3311 and a second pendulum through-hole 3312 are respectively arranged radially through their circumferential sides on the outer fan-shaped protrusions 3311 and 33122. The inner wall of the pendulum body has radially symmetrically arranged inner fan-shaped protrusions 332. A third pendulum through-hole 3321 and a fourth pendulum through-hole 3322 are respectively arranged radially through their circumferential sides on the inner fan-shaped protrusions 3321 and 33222. Each outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum is fitted within a fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body and can swing to impact the side wall of the fan-shaped groove 342. The bottom end of the pendulum body is rotatably fitted and connected to the helical support 51. The outer fan-shaped protrusions 331 and the inner fan-shaped protrusions 332 of the pendulum are arranged in a cross shape.

[0067] like Figure 2 , Figure 9 As shown, the steering device 32 includes a steering device body that is axially fixed and rotatably sleeved between the screen tube 31 and the pendulum body. The outer wall of the steering device body is provided with first steering device fan-shaped protrusions 321 arranged radially symmetrically. Each first steering device fan-shaped protrusion 321 is provided with a first steering device through groove 3211 and a second steering device through groove 3212 arranged radially at intervals along the circumference. The first steering device through groove 3211 can communicate with the first pendulum through groove 3311 or the second pendulum through groove 3312, and the second steering device through groove 3212 can communicate with the first pendulum through groove 3311 or the second pendulum through groove 3312.

[0068] The outer wall of the steering gear body is radially symmetrically provided with second steering gear sector protrusions 322. The second steering gear sector protrusions 322 are provided with steering gear outer channels 3221 along the axial direction. The bottom end of the steering gear outer channel 3221 is open and the top end is closed. The sector protrusions 332 inside each pendulum can be oscillatingly fitted into each steering gear outer channel 3221. The first steering gear sector protrusions 321 and the second steering gear sector protrusions 322 are arranged circumferentially in a staggered manner (cross-shaped). The first steering gear sector protrusions 321 and the adjacent second steering gear sector protrusions 322 form a steering gear flow groove 323. The axial length of the first steering gear sector protrusions 321 and the second steering gear sector protrusions 322 is less than the axial length of the steering gear body.

[0069] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10 As shown, the screen tube 31 is fitted inside the steering gear body. An inclined screen tube through-groove 311 is provided on the side wall of the screen tube 31. A screen tube base 312 is provided at the bottom end of the screen tube 31. An inclined through-hole 3121 is provided on the side wall of the screen tube base 312, which connects to the steering gear through-groove 323 and the second central hole. The screen tube base 312 is fixedly connected to the spiral support 51. A wear-resistant plate 7 is provided on the screen tube 31 above the screen tube base 312. The bottom end of the steering gear body abuts against the wear-resistant plate 7, and the bottom end of the steering gear body is fitted and connected to the screen tube 31 through the wear-resistant plate 7. A nozzle 8 is provided inside the screen tube 31 above the screen tube base. The nozzle 8 is fitted inside the screen tube 31. The drilling fluid flow rate of the nozzle 8 is less than the flow rate of the screen tube 31. The drilling fluid flowing through the screen tube 31 experiences a pressure drop at the nozzle 8, and the nozzle 8 provides a pressurizing effect on the drilling fluid inside the screen tube 31.

[0070] like Figure 2 , Figure 11 As shown, an end cap 2 is provided above the rotating impact structure inside the first central hole. The end cap 2 includes an end cap body 21, an end cap protrusion 22, and an end cap head 23. A fourth central hole is provided through the end cap along the axial direction. The fourth central hole connects the first central hole and the second central hole along the axial direction. The outer wall of the end cap body 21 is sealed against the inner wall of the outer shell body, and the top of the end cap head 23 is axially against the outer shell body.

[0071] The top ends of the throttling support 34 and the screen tube 31 are fixedly connected to the end cap body 21. In one embodiment, the top end of the throttling support 34 is connected to the end cap body 21 by screws. An end cap connecting hole 24 is provided on the end cap body 21 along the circumferential direction. An end cap side wall through groove 25 is provided on the side wall of the end cap protrusion 22. The fourth central hole, the end cap side wall through groove 25, the end cap connecting hole 24 and the support body external channel 344 are connected.

[0072] The working process of the multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention is as follows:

[0073] by Figure 13 The first state is when the pendulum 33 rotates counterclockwise to its limit position. The inner fan-shaped protrusion 332 of the pendulum abuts against the clockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering mechanism. The first steering mechanism through-slot 3211 communicates with the first pendulum through-slot 3311. The support body fan-shaped groove 342, the second pendulum through-slot 3312, the steering mechanism flow channel 323, and the base flow hole 3121 are all connected. The counterclockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering mechanism, the third pendulum through-slot 3321, the support body through-slot 343, and the support body outer channel 344 are all connected. The high-pressure drilling fluid, throttled and pressurized by the nozzle 8, flows through the screen pipe through-slot 311, the first steering mechanism through-slot 3211, and the first pendulum through-slot 3311 into the counterclockwise side of the support body fan-shaped groove 342. Figure 13 (Left side of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum), the high-pressure drilling fluid pushes the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum to rotate clockwise. The low-pressure drilling fluid on the clockwise side of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum in the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body flows downward through the second pendulum through groove 3312, the steering device through groove 323 and the base through hole 3121. A pressure difference is formed on both sides of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum, which pushes the pendulum 33 to drive the steering device 32 to rotate clockwise synchronously. The outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum swings to the clockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body and reaches the second state.

[0074] The second state is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the pendulum 33 rotates clockwise to its limit position, and the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum swings to the clockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body. The inner fan-shaped protrusion 332 of the pendulum abuts against the clockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering gear. The first steering gear through groove 3211, the first pendulum through groove 3311, and the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body are connected. The counterclockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering gear, the third pendulum through groove 3321, and the through groove 3411 of the support body are connected. The outer channel 3411 of the support body is connected. 4. The support body through groove 343 and the fourth pendulum through groove 3322 are connected; the liquid in the third pendulum through groove 3321 is low-pressure drilling fluid. The high-pressure drilling fluid, which is throttled and pressurized by the nozzle 8, flows through the fourth central hole, the end cap side wall through groove, the end cap connecting hole, the support body external channel 344, the support body through groove 343, and the fourth pendulum through groove 3322 to the clockwise side of the steering gear external channel 3221. A pressure difference is formed on both sides of the fan-shaped protrusion 332 inside the pendulum, which pushes the steering gear 32 to rotate clockwise and reach the third state.

[0075] The third state is as follows Figure 15As shown, the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum swings to the clockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body, and the inner fan-shaped protrusion 332 of the pendulum abuts against the counterclockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering gear. The second steering gear through-slot 3212 and the second pendulum through-slot 3312 are connected. The outer channel 3221 of the steering gear, the fourth pendulum through-slot 3322, the support body through-slot 343, and the outer channel 344 of the support body are connected. The fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body, the first pendulum through-slot 3311, the steering gear through-flow groove 323, and the base through-flow hole 3121 are connected. The high-pressure drilling fluid, which is throttled and pressurized by the nozzle 8, flows into the clockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body through the screen tube through-slot 311, the second steering gear through-slot 3212, and the second pendulum through-slot 3312 of the screen tube 31. Figure 15 (Right side of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum), the high-pressure drilling fluid pushes the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum to rotate counterclockwise. The low-pressure drilling fluid on the counterclockwise side of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum in the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body flows downward through the first pendulum through groove 3311, the steering device through groove 323 and the base through hole 3121. A pressure difference is formed on both sides of the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum, which pushes the pendulum 33 to drive the steering device 32 to rotate counterclockwise in sync. The outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum swings to the counterclockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body, reaching the fourth state.

[0076] The fourth state is as follows Figure 16 As shown, the pendulum 33 rotates counterclockwise to its limit position, and the outer fan-shaped protrusion 331 of the pendulum swings to the counterclockwise side of the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body. The inner fan-shaped protrusion 332 of the pendulum abuts against the counterclockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering gear. The second steering gear through groove 3212, the second pendulum through groove 3312, and the fan-shaped groove 342 of the support body are connected. The clockwise side of the outer channel 3221 of the steering gear, the fourth pendulum through groove 3322, and the through groove 3411 of the support body are connected. The outer channel 344 of the support body, the through groove 343 of the support body, and the third pendulum through groove 3321 are connected.

[0077] The high-pressure drilling fluid, throttled and pressurized by nozzle 8, flows through the fourth central hole, end cap sidewall perforation, end cap connecting hole, support body external channel 344, support body perforation 343, and third pendulum perforation 3321 to the counterclockwise side of the steering gear external channel 3221. The liquid at the fourth pendulum perforation 3322 is low-pressure drilling fluid. A pressure difference is formed on both sides of the fan-shaped protrusion 332 inside the pendulum, which pushes the steering gear 32 to rotate counterclockwise and return to the first state.

[0078] When the pendulum 33 rotates clockwise to its limit position, it exerts a positive torsional impact on the throttling support 34. The spiral support 51 rotates clockwise with the throttling support 34 until the first wedge-shaped support surface 5111 and the third wedge-shaped support surface 5211 abut against each other. The impact load is equally decomposed into the first axial load and the first radial load, and the axial force and radial force provided to the drill bit are almost 1:1. At the same time, it provides torsional impact to the rock at the front end of the drill bit and downward axial impact to the rock at the lower end of the drill bit.

[0079] When the pendulum 33 rotates counterclockwise to its limit position, it exerts a reverse torsional impact on the throttling support 34. The spiral support 51 rotates counterclockwise with the throttling support 34 until the second wedge support surface 5112 and the fourth wedge support surface 5212 abut against each other. The impact load is decomposed into a second axial load and a second radial load. The second axial load is greater than the second radial load. In order to increase the effect of the drill bit breaking rock downward, the angle between the second wedge support surface 5112 and the fourth wedge support surface 5212 and the horizontal plane should be as small as possible, just enough to allow rotation and locking. At this time, the force provided by the impact load to the drill bit is mainly axial load, which increases the axial cutting load of the drill bit on the rock.

[0080] As described above, the multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0081] The multi-directional impact drilling tool of this invention has a simple structure and long service life. One set of wedge-shaped support surfaces provides the drill bit with an axial and radial force component that is nearly 1:1, while the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces primarily provides the axial force, increasing the axial cutting load of the drill bit on the rock and thus enhancing the downward rock-breaking effect. When the drill bit repeatedly rotates to break the rock, when it stops rotating in the forward direction, a set of wedge-shaped support surfaces simultaneously generates a forward torsional impact and a downward axial impact, used to break the rock at the front and lower ends of the drill bit's cutting teeth. When the drill bit stops rotating in the reverse direction, the reverse torsional impact is converted into a downward axial impact through the other set of wedge-shaped support surfaces, used to break the rock at the lower end of the drill bit's cutting teeth. This multi-directional impact drilling tool of the present invention can apply most of the impact load to rock breaking, has high energy utilization, and assists the drill bit in breaking rocks, thereby improving the mechanical drilling speed.

[0082] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional impact drilling tool, characterized in that, The system includes an outer shell, the bottom of which is connected to a drill bit holder. A rotating impact structure is housed within the outer shell, comprising a screen tube, a deflector, a pendulum, and a throttling support coaxially arranged from the inside out. The pendulum reciprocates around the central axis of the outer shell, impacting the throttling support to generate an impact load. A support structure is provided between the rotating impact structure and the drill bit holder. The support structure includes a helical support fixedly connected to the throttling support and a wedge-shaped support connected to the top of the drill bit holder. A first wedge block is provided at the bottom of the helical support, and the circumferential side walls of the first wedge block are divided into... The first and second wedge-shaped support surfaces are respectively provided; a second wedge block is provided at the top of the wedge-shaped support, and the two circumferential side walls of the second wedge block are respectively the third and fourth wedge-shaped support surfaces; the helical support can rotate with the throttling support body to make the first wedge-shaped support surface abut against the third wedge-shaped support surface, so as to decompose the impact load into a first axial load and a first radial load equally; the helical support can rotate with the throttling support body to make the second wedge-shaped support surface abut against the fourth wedge-shaped support surface, so as to decompose the impact load into a second axial load and a second radial load, wherein the second axial load is greater than the second radial load; The outer shell body is provided with a first central hole through the axial direction, the screen tube is provided with a second central hole through the axial direction, and the drill bit seat is provided with a third central hole through the axial direction. The second central hole connects the first central hole and the third central hole. The throttling support includes an axially fixed support body that can swing circumferentially. The inner wall of the support body has radially symmetrically arranged fan-shaped protrusions, with adjacent fan-shaped protrusions forming fan-shaped grooves. The pendulum is fitted inside the support body and can swing to impact the sidewall of the fan-shaped groove. The bottom end of the fan-shaped groove communicates with the second central hole. A through-flow groove is provided on the fan-shaped protrusion, connecting the first and third central holes. Radial through-slots are provided on both sides of the through-flow groove on the fan-shaped protrusion. External channels are provided on the outer wall of the support body from top to bottom at positions corresponding to the through-slots, with the bottom ends of the external channels being closed. The bottom end of the support body is fixedly connected to the spiral support.

2. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first wedge-shaped support surface and the third wedge-shaped support surface are both set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane; the second wedge-shaped support surface has an angle of 10° to 15° with the horizontal plane; and the fourth wedge-shaped support surface has an angle of 10° to 15° with the horizontal plane.

3. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bottom end of the outer shell is connected to the drill bit holder shell. The inner wall of the drill bit holder shell is provided with a first annular groove from top to bottom. The side wall of the first annular groove is sleeved and connected to the side wall of the outer shell body. A spline groove is provided with the bottom of the first annular groove facing downward. A spline is provided on the outer wall of the drill bit holder. The drill bit holder and the drill bit holder shell are connected by the spline and the spline groove.

4. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped support includes a second circular body, the bottom end of which is provided with connecting teeth, and the top end of the drill bit seat is provided with connecting grooves. The wedge-shaped support and the drill bit seat are connected through the connecting teeth and the connecting grooves.

5. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral support includes a first annular body, the bottom end of which is provided with the first wedge-shaped block, and a through connecting hole is provided on the first annular body, through which a screw that can be connected to the throttling support is inserted.

6. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pendulum includes a pendulum body that is axially fixed and rotatably fitted inside the support body. The outer wall of the pendulum body is provided with radially symmetrical outer fan-shaped protrusions. The outer fan-shaped protrusions are respectively provided with a first pendulum through groove and a second pendulum through groove on their circumferential sides. The inner wall of the pendulum body is provided with radially symmetrical inner fan-shaped protrusions. The inner fan-shaped protrusions are respectively provided with a third pendulum through groove and a fourth pendulum through groove on their circumferential sides. Each outer fan-shaped protrusion is fitted inside the fan-shaped groove of the support body and can swing and impact the side wall of the fan-shaped groove of the support body.

7. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The steering device includes a steering device body that is axially fixed and rotatably sleeved between the screen tube and the pendulum body. The outer wall of the steering device body is provided with first steering device fan-shaped protrusions arranged radially symmetrically. Each of the first steering device fan-shaped protrusions is provided with a first steering device through groove and a second steering device through groove arranged radially at intervals along the circumference. The first steering device through groove can communicate with the first pendulum through groove or the second pendulum through groove, and the second steering device through groove can communicate with the first pendulum through groove or the second pendulum through groove. The outer wall of the steering gear body is radially symmetrically provided with second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions. The second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions are provided with steering gear outer channels along the axial direction. The bottom end of the steering gear outer channel is open and the top end is closed. Each of the pendulum sector-shaped protrusions can be oscillatingly fitted into each of the steering gear outer channels. The first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions are circumferentially staggered, and the first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the adjacent second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions form a steering gear flow groove. The axial length of the first steering gear sector-shaped protrusions and the second steering gear sector-shaped protrusions is less than the axial length of the steering gear body.

8. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The screen tube is fitted inside the steering gear body, and an inclined screen tube through groove is provided on the side wall of the screen tube; a screen tube base is provided at the bottom end of the screen tube, and an inclined through base flow hole is provided on the side wall of the screen tube base, which can connect the steering gear flow groove and the second central hole. The screen tube base is fixedly connected to the spiral support, and a wear-resistant plate is provided on the screen tube above the screen tube base. The bottom end of the steering gear body abuts against the wear-resistant plate; a nozzle is provided inside the screen tube above the screen tube base.

9. The multi-directional impact drilling tool as described in claim 8, characterized in that, An end cap is disposed above the rotating impact structure within the first central hole. The end cap includes an end cap body, an end cap protrusion, and an end cap head. A fourth central hole is provided axially through the end cap, and the fourth central hole connects the first central hole and the second central hole axially. The outer wall of the end cap body is sealed against the inner wall of the outer shell body, and the top end of the end cap head is axially against the outer shell body. The top ends of the throttling support and the screen tube are fixedly connected to the end cap body; an end cap connecting hole is provided on the end cap body along the circumference, and an end cap side wall through groove is provided on the side wall of the end cap protrusion; the fourth central hole, the end cap side wall through groove, the end cap connecting hole and the external channel of the support body are connected.

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