An electrically controlled cargo box heating device, method, and mining dump truck

Abstract

This invention discloses an electrically controlled cargo box heating device, method, and mining dump truck, including a heating box, a smoke baffle assembly, an electronic control device, a sealing pipe, an exhaust tailpipe assembly, and a cargo box. The heating box includes a box panel, a smoke baffle slide, an electronic control bracket, an air inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a heating outlet. The electronic control device includes a control unit, an electric push rod, and a lifting cylinder. This invention uses an electronic control system to reverse the engine exhaust during cargo box lifting and lowering, utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine to heat the cargo box, achieving waste gas reuse and solving efficiency and safety issues caused by frozen cargo box materials in low-temperature environments. The simple mechanical structure ensures stable reliability, and the electronic control system ensures the orderly operation of each component. Operating the cargo box while disconnecting the heating channel for normal exhaust avoids cargo box blackening and carbon dust dispersion, ensuring a good vehicle appearance and driving environment while heating the cargo box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the intake and exhaust system of mining dump trucks, and in particular to a cargo box heating device with electric control, which is a mining truck intake and exhaust system that can use engine exhaust gas to heat the cargo box, belonging to the field of mining machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Mining dump trucks are off-highway dump trucks, primarily used in off-highway field sites, including large open-pit mines and water conservancy projects, for loading, unloading, and transporting materials such as earth, sand, gravel, and coal. In northern my country where temperatures are low, or in extremely cold conditions like those in Russia, some materials are prone to freezing. During dumping, the material does not easily slide down, leading to cargo accumulation in the cargo box. With each transport trip, the amount of accumulated material increases, severely impacting transport efficiency, wasting resources, and even potentially causing safety accidents due to a shifted center of gravity. Cargo box heating can effectively solve the problem of material freezing in cold conditions, reducing cargo accumulation and improving transport efficiency, economy, and safety.

[0003] Currently, the widely used method for heating cargo compartments involves directly supplying high-temperature exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to the bottom of the compartment. However, due to poor sealing or disconnection of the exhaust pipe from the compartment during tipping, the sides, bottom, and deck of the compartment are easily blackened by exhaust fumes. Large amounts of black dust are dispersed near the driver's cab, and the cargo compartment heating box accumulates significant carbon deposits requiring timely cleaning. This method is complex to operate, lacks reliability, and severely impacts the vehicle's appearance and driving environment. Therefore, this invention aims to solve the problem of developing a simple, reliable high-temperature exhaust reversing device that simultaneously maintains a good vehicle appearance and driving environment, while improving reliability and transportation economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing cargo box heating methods, and to provide a mechanical device and cargo box heating method that is simple in structure, highly reliable, and can ensure a good vehicle appearance and driving environment by utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas and switching the exhaust direction through an electronic control signal for cargo box lifting.

[0005] This invention is implemented according to the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an electrically controlled cargo box heating device, comprising a heating box, a sealing pipe, an exhaust tailpipe assembly, a smoke baffle assembly, and an electronic control device; the heating box has at least one air inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a heating outlet, wherein the air inlet is connected to an engine exhaust pipe; the sealing pipe is installed at the heating outlet for connection to a high-temperature interface of the cargo box; the exhaust tailpipe assembly is installed at the exhaust outlet; the smoke baffle assembly is arranged between the exhaust outlet and the heating outlet to form a cargo box heating channel or an exhaust gas emission channel; the electronic control device includes an electric push rod and a control unit, wherein the electric push rod is arranged at the exhaust tailpipe assembly. The control unit is connected to the smoke baffle assembly; the control unit is electrically connected to the electric push rod and the lifting cylinder; when the cargo box is horizontal, the control unit controls the electric push rod to push the smoke baffle assembly into the extended state, and the high-temperature exhaust gas can be heated through the air inlet, heating box and sealing pipe to form a cargo box heating channel to realize the cargo box heating function; when the cargo box is lifted, the control unit receives the lifting signal and controls the electric push rod to gradually retract the smoke baffle assembly. After the retraction stroke is completed, the control unit controls the lifting cylinder to act, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged through the air inlet, heating box and exhaust port to form an exhaust gas discharge channel to realize the cargo box exhaust function.

[0007] In some embodiments, the heating box is a welded component, and a smoke baffle slide and an electric control bracket are also provided on the box; the smoke baffle slide is the movement track of the smoke baffle assembly, and the smoke baffle assembly reciprocates in the smoke baffle slide by means of an electric push rod; the electric control bracket is fixed below the smoke baffle slide and is used to install the electric push rod.

[0008] In some embodiments, the housing is further provided with a dust discharge hole that communicates with the smoke baffle slide, which can gradually discharge the carbon deposits and dust inside the heating housing during the movement of the smoke baffle assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments, the housing is further provided with a heat insulation cotton mounting block and a mounting plate; the heat insulation cotton mounting block is used to fix the heat insulation cotton; the mounting plate is used to fix the heating housing.

[0010] In some embodiments, the smoke baffle assembly includes a limiting plate, a smoke baffle, and a push rod connecting seat; the limiting plate moves within the smoke baffle slide of the heating box, restricting the overall movement direction of the smoke baffle assembly, terminating the heating of the cargo compartment by blocking the heating port, and allowing the exhaust gas to be discharged normally; the smoke baffle is installed at the rear end of the limiting plate, changing the high-temperature gas flow path by blocking the exhaust port to achieve cargo compartment heating; the push rod connecting seat is installed at the front end of the limiting plate near the bottom surface, for connecting to an electric push rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tail end of the limiting plate is provided with a protruding dust removal end near the bottom surface. The dust removal end can reciprocate within the smoke baffle slide to gradually discharge the carbon deposits inside the heating chamber through the dust discharge hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heating chamber and the sealing tube are assembled together by multiple springs, and the movement and sealing of the sealing tube are achieved by utilizing the spring and sealing tube structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sealing tube is a welded component, including a sealing tube body, multiple pins, and a sealing tail tube. The sealing tube body has an annular plate at its top outer edge. The multiple pins are evenly and alternately arranged circumferentially on the bottom surface of the annular plate. A spring is fitted in the pin, and the free end of the pin is tapped and connected to the flange at the heating port of the heating box through a nut. The sealing tail tube is installed at the inner edge of the top of the sealing tube body, and the sealing tail tube gradually forms a constricted structure from bottom to top. When the cargo box is lowered to a horizontal state, the sealing tube is in direct contact with the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, and the spring is partially compressed. When the cargo box is in a horizontal state, the direction of the sealing tube is finely adjusted by compressing the spring, and at the same time, the sealing tail tube extends into the interior of the high-temperature interface of the cargo box.

[0014] In some embodiments, the exhaust tailpipe assembly includes an exhaust tailpipe and a pressure plate. The inlet end of the exhaust tailpipe is directly connected to the exhaust port of the heating box, and a pressure plate limiting seat is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the outlet end. The pressure plate covers the outlet end of the exhaust tailpipe, and the connecting rod on the pressure plate is hinged to the pressure plate limiting seat through the pressure plate shaft. The pressure plate can rotate around the pressure plate shaft within a predetermined angle. The top plate on the pressure plate limiting seat blocks the connecting rod on the pressure plate to prevent the pressure plate from overturning and failing to return to its original state.

[0015] In some embodiments, an asbestos pad is installed on the inner side of the pressure plate, which can seal the exhaust tailpipe and prevent deformation caused by direct rigid collision between the pressure plate and the exhaust tailpipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the exhaust tailpipe can form back pressure inside under the weight of the pressure plate and the sealing effect. When the smoke baffle assembly and the electric push rod are pushed out, the back pressure can optimize the flow state of high-temperature gas and enhance the heating effect of the cargo box. When the smoke baffle assembly and the electric push rod are retracted, the pressure plate can be blown up by the engine exhaust without affecting normal exhaust and engine operation.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electronic control unit further includes a front limit sensor and a rear limit sensor for capturing the stroke of the electric push rod and feeding back a completion signal to the control unit to ensure the orderly execution of the exhaust reversing action. When dumping materials, the control unit receives a dumping signal and controls the electric push rod to retract, switching the high-temperature gas flow channel from the cargo box heating channel to the exhaust gas emission channel, stopping cargo box heating, and allowing normal exhaust gas emission. After the retraction stroke is completed, the rear limit sensor returns a completion signal, and the control unit sends a lifting signal to the lifting cylinder to lift the cargo box for unloading. After dumping materials, the control unit receives a cargo box recovery signal and sends a descent signal to the lifting cylinder. After the cargo box returns to its initial horizontal state, the control unit controls the electric push rod to extend, starting cargo box heating, stopping exhaust gas emission, and switching to the cargo box heating channel. After the electric push rod's action is completed, the front limit sensor returns a completion signal, and the switching process ends.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heating chamber is provided with an installation port that enables the installation of the smoke baffle assembly and the maintenance of internal devices. The sealing plate is connected to the heating chamber by bolts and is used to seal the installation port.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention discloses a mining dump truck, including an engine and a cargo box: the above-mentioned electronically controlled cargo box heating device is installed between the engine and the cargo box.

[0020] In some embodiments, the cargo compartment includes a cargo compartment body, a cargo compartment high-temperature interface, and a cargo compartment heating flow channel. The cargo compartment high-temperature interface is arranged at the front of the cargo compartment body and cooperates with a sealing pipe to allow high-temperature gas to flow in. The direction of the interface is consistent with the direction of the sealing pipe. The cargo compartment heating flow channel is distributed around and at the bottom of the cargo compartment body and serves as a high-temperature gas flow channel, which can directly heat the cargo compartment body.

[0021] Secondly, this invention discloses an electrically controlled cargo compartment heating method:

[0022] When the cargo box is in a horizontal position during normal vehicle operation, the spring under the sealing pipe is compressed, the sealing tail pipe extends into the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, the electric push rod is in the extended state, pushes the smoke baffle to block the exhaust port, opens the heating port of the heating box, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is heated by passing through the air inlet of the heating box, the heating port of the heating box, the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, and the heating channel of the cargo box.

[0023] When it is necessary to dump materials, the control unit receives a cargo box lifting signal and first controls the electric push rod to gradually retract, which drives the smoke baffle to open the exhaust port of the heating box and block the heating port. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the air inlet, exhaust port, and exhaust pipe tailpipe, blowing up the pressure plate to achieve normal exhaust of engine exhaust. After the electric push rod completes its stroke, the rear limit sensor returns an action completion signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the lifting cylinder to lift the cargo box and dump the materials.

[0024] After the material is dumped, the controller receives a signal for the cargo box to fall back. It first controls the lifting cylinder to retract, and the cargo box descends. When the cargo box is about to reach a horizontal state, the controller controls the electric push rod to gradually extend, which drives the smoke baffle to block the exhaust port, opens the heating port, and restores the cargo box to the heating state. The front limit sensor sends a completion signal, and the switching ends.

[0025] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0026] This invention uses an electronic control system to reverse the engine exhaust during cargo box lifting and lowering, utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine to heat the cargo box, thus reusing the exhaust gas and solving efficiency and safety issues caused by frozen cargo materials in low-temperature environments. The simple mechanical structure ensures stable reliability, and the electronic control system ensures the orderly operation of each component. By operating the cargo box while disconnecting the heating channel for normal exhaust, it avoids cargo box blackening and carbon powder dispersion, and maintains a good vehicle appearance and driving environment while heating the cargo box. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the heating box of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the smoke baffle assembly of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the compression tube assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the exhaust tailpipe assembly of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a control flowchart of the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0038] Attached diagram labels: 1. Heating chamber; 1-1. Chamber panel; 1-2. Smoke baffle slide rail; 1-3. Electrical control bracket; 1-4. Air inlet; 1-5. Exhaust outlet; 1-6. Heating port; 1-7. Dust exhaust hole; 1-8. Insulation cotton mounting block; 1-9. Mounting plate; 2. Smoke baffle assembly; 2-1. Smoke baffle; 2-2. Limiting plate; 2-3. Push rod connecting seat; 3. Electrical control device; 3-1. Control unit; 3-2. Electric push rod; 3-3. Lifting cylinder; 3-4. Front limit sensor; 3-5. Rear limit sensor; 4. Sealing tube; 4-1. Sealing tailpipe; 4-2. Pin shaft; 4-3. Sealing tube body; 5. Spring; 6. Exhaust tailpipe assembly; 6-1. Exhaust tailpipe; 6-1-1. Pressure plate shaft; 6-1-2. Pressure plate limit seat; 6-1-3. Exhaust pipe body; 6-2. Pressure plate; 7. Sealing plate; 8. Heat insulation cotton; 9. Cargo box; 9-1. Cargo box body; 9-2. Cargo box high temperature interface; 9-3. Cargo box heating flow channel.

[0039] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 As shown, an electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device includes a heating box 1, a smoke baffle assembly 2, an electrical control device 3, a sealing pipe 4, a spring 5, an exhaust tailpipe assembly 6, a sealing plate 7, heat insulation cotton 8, and a cargo compartment 9; the heating box includes a box panel 1-1, a smoke baffle slide 1-2, an electrical control bracket 1-3, an air inlet 1-4, an exhaust outlet 1-5, a heating outlet 1-6, a dust discharge hole 1-7, a heat insulation cotton mounting block 1-8, and a mounting plate 1-9; the electrical control device includes a control unit 3-1, an electric push rod 3-2, a lifting cylinder 3-3, a front limit sensor 3-4, and a rear limit sensor 3-5.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 As shown, the heating chamber 1 and the sealing tube 4 are connected by a spring 5 and a nut. The structure of the spring 5 and the sealing tube 4 enables the movement and sealing of the sealing tube 4. The electric push rod 3-2 of the electronic control device 3 is connected to the smoke baffle assembly 2 by bolts. The movement of the electric push rod 3-2 controls the movement of the smoke baffle assembly 2 within the smoke baffle slide 1-2. By selecting the cargo compartment heating channel or the exhaust gas emission channel, the cargo compartment heating or exhaust function is realized. When the cargo compartment 9 is horizontal, the control unit 3-1 controls the electric push rod 3-2 and the smoke baffle assembly 2 to be in the extended state. High-temperature exhaust gas can heat the cargo compartment through the air inlet-heating chamber-sealing tube, forming a cargo compartment heating channel. When the cargo compartment 9 is lifted, the control unit 3-1 receives the lifting signal and controls the electric push rod 3-2 and the smoke baffle assembly 2 to gradually retract. After the retraction stroke is completed, The control unit 3-1 controls the lifting cylinder 3-3 to operate, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged through the air inlet-heating box-exhaust port, forming the exhaust gas emission channel; the front limit sensor 3-4 and the rear limit sensor 3-5 can detect the stroke movement of the electric push rod 3-2 and feed back the action completion signal to the control unit 3-1 to ensure that the exhaust reversing action is carried out in an orderly manner; the sealing plate 7 is connected to the heating box 1 by bolts to seal the installation port, which can realize the installation of the smoke baffle assembly 2 and the maintenance of internal devices; the heat insulation cotton 8 is installed on the heating box 1 through the heat insulation cotton mounting block 1-8 to prevent the high temperature of the heating box 1 from having an adverse effect on other parts of the vehicle.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 8As shown, the heating chamber 1 is a welded component, including a panel 1-1, a smoke baffle slide 1-2, an electrical control bracket 1-3, an air inlet 1-4, an exhaust outlet 1-5, a heating outlet 1-6, a dust exhaust hole 1-7, a heat insulation cotton mounting block 1-8, and a mounting plate 1-9. The smoke baffle slide 1-2 serves as the movement track for the smoke baffle assembly 2, preventing it from deviating from the predetermined movement direction. The slide length and stroke can be calculated based on the dimensions of the smoke baffle assembly 2 and the heating chamber 1. The electrical control bracket 1-3 is welded below the smoke baffle slide 1-2 and is used to install the electric push rod 3-2. The heat insulation cotton mounting block 1-8 and the mounting plate 1-9 serve a fixing function, respectively fixing the heat insulation cotton 8 and the heating chamber 1.

[0046] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the installation opening size is 400mm×300mm to ensure the installation space of the smoke baffle 2-1 and the maintenance space of the internal components; heat insulation cotton 8 is added around the heating box 1 and at the bottom, and fixed with bolts. Heat insulation components are also added between the electric push rod 3-2 and the electric control bracket 1-3, especially near the electric push rod and other electric control components, to avoid the high temperature of the heating box 1 from having an adverse effect on other systems and components.

[0047] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 As shown, the air inlet 1-4 is connected to the engine exhaust pipe and serves as the high-temperature gas input port for the cargo box heating device; the exhaust port 1-5 is connected to the exhaust tailpipe assembly and serves as the exhaust outlet; the heating port 1-6 is connected to the sealing pipe 4 via spring 5 and nut and serves as the heating channel outlet; the dust discharge hole 1-7 is connected to the smoke baffle slide 1-2 and can gradually discharge the carbon deposits and dust in the heating box 1 during the movement of the smoke baffle assembly 2. The size and shape of the dust discharge hole 1-7 can be further adjusted according to the working conditions and carbon deposit situation.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, the smoke baffle assembly 2 includes a smoke baffle 2-1, a limiting plate 2-2, and a push rod connecting seat 2-3. The smoke baffle 2-1 is bolted to the limiting plate 2-2 and can achieve cargo compartment heating by blocking the exhaust port 1-5 and changing the high-temperature gas flow path. The limiting plate 2-2 moves within the smoke baffle slide 1-2, restricting the overall movement direction of the smoke baffle assembly 2, and can terminate cargo compartment heating by blocking the heating port 1-6, allowing exhaust gas to be discharged normally. The tail of the limiting plate 2-2 is equipped with a dedicated dust removal end. The dust removal end can reciprocate within the smoke baffle slide to gradually discharge carbon deposits from the heating box through the dust discharge hole 1-7. The shape and size of the dust removal end and the dust discharge hole 1-7 can be designed and defined according to engine parameters and working environment.

[0049] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the air inlet 1-4 is matched with the two exhaust pipes of the engine, both with a diameter of 270mm. The exhaust port 1-5 is 260mm in size, and the heating port 1-6 is 340mm in size, ensuring that the exhaust flow channel and heating flow channel dimensions meet the engine exhaust back pressure requirements and guarantee the normal operation of the engine. The dust discharge hole 1-7 is set as a circle with a diameter of 25mm. The height and width of the dust removal end of the limiting plate 2-2 are less than 25mm, and the dust removal end can extend into the dust discharge hole 1-7 to push out the carbon dust inside the heating box 1. The height of the smoke baffle 2-1 and the height of the limiting plate 2-2 should be greater than the dimensions of the exhaust port 1-5 and the heating port 1-6, respectively, to ensure the normal operation of the cargo box heating device.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the electronic control device 3 includes a control unit 3-1, an electric push rod 3-2, a lifting cylinder 3-3, a front limit sensor 3-4, and a rear limit sensor 3-5. The control unit 3-1 can coordinate the operation of the electric push rod 3-2 and the lifting cylinder 3-3: when dumping materials, the control unit 3-1 receives a dumping signal, controls the electric push rod 3-2 to retract, the high-temperature gas flow channel switches from the cargo box heating channel to the exhaust gas emission channel, the cargo box heating stops, and the exhaust gas is discharged normally. After the retraction stroke is completed, the rear limit sensor 3-5 returns. Upon receiving the action completion signal, control unit 3-1 sends a lifting signal to lifting cylinder 3-3, lifting the cargo box to unload the material. After the material is unloaded, control unit 3-1 receives the cargo box recovery signal and sends a descent signal to lifting cylinder 3-3. Once the cargo box 9 returns to its initial horizontal state, control unit 3-1 controls electric push rod 3-2 to extend, starting cargo box heating, stopping exhaust emissions, and switching to the cargo box heating channel. After electric push rod 3-2 completes its action, front limit sensor 3-4 returns an action completion signal, ending the switching process.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the sealing tube 4 is a welded component, including a sealing tail tube 4-1, a pin 4-2, and a sealing tube body 4-3. The end of the pin 4-2 is tapped and connected to the heating port 1-6 of the heating box 1 via a spring 5 and a nut. The sealing tube 4 cooperates with the spring 5 so that when the cargo box 9 is lowered to a horizontal state, the sealing tube 4 directly contacts the high-temperature interface 9-2 of the cargo box. The spring 5 is partially compressed, which can play a buffering role and prevent the rigid collision between the cargo box 9 and the cargo box heating device from damaging the component structure. When the cargo box 9 is in a horizontal state, the direction of the sealing tube 4 can be finely adjusted by compressing the spring 5 to ensure tight contact with the cargo box 9. At the same time, the sealing tail tube 4-1 extends into the interior of the high-temperature interface 9-2 of the cargo box to achieve a seal and reduce exhaust gas leakage.

[0052] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the stroke design of the smoke baffle assembly 2 should be less than the length of the limiting plate 2-2 and the maximum push rod stroke of the electric push rod 3-2, so as to ensure that the electric push rod 3-2 is within the maximum push rod stroke to realize the cooperation between the smoke baffle 2-1 and the exhaust port 1-5, while the limiting plate 2-2 cannot be dislodged from the smoke baffle slide 1-2; the height of the sealing pipe 4 and the stroke design of the spring 5 should be determined according to the relative position of the cargo box 9 and the heating box 1. When the cargo box is in a horizontal state, the spring 5 should be in a compressed state, but not in a maximum compressed state, to ensure the buffering effect of the sealing pipe 4 and the spring 5; the thickness of the pressure plate 6-2 of the exhaust tailpipe assembly 6 should be calculated according to the engine exhaust pressure and the size of the heating box, so as to generate back pressure for the flow channel when the cargo box is heated, and not affect the normal operation of the engine when the exhaust gas is emitted.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the exhaust tailpipe assembly 6 includes an exhaust tailpipe 6-1 and a pressure plate 6-2. One end of the exhaust tailpipe 6-1 is directly connected to the exhaust port 1-5 of the heating box 1, and the other end is welded with a pressure plate shaft 6-1-1 and a pressure plate limiting seat 6-1-2, ensuring that the pressure plate 6-2 can move around the pressure plate shaft 6-1-1 within a certain angle, while preventing the pressure plate 6-2 from overturning and failing to return to its original state. An asbestos gasket is installed inside the pressure plate 6-2 to seal the exhaust tailpipe and prevent direct rigid collision between the pressure plate 6-2 and the exhaust tailpipe 6-1. The exhaust tailpipe 6-1 can form back pressure inside under the weight of the pressure plate 6-2 and the sealing effect. When the smoke baffle assembly 2 and the electric push rod 3-2 are pushed out (cargo compartment heating state), the back pressure formed can optimize the flow state of high temperature gas and enhance the heating effect of the cargo compartment. When the smoke baffle assembly 2 and the electric push rod 3-2 are retracted (exhaust gas emission state), the pressure plate 6-2 can be blown up by the engine exhaust, without affecting normal exhaust and engine operation. Therefore, the mass of the pressure plate 6-2 should be calculated based on the engine parameters and the size of the heating box 1.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the cargo box 9 includes a cargo box body 9-1, a cargo box high-temperature interface 9-2, and a cargo box heating flow channel 9-3. The cargo box high-temperature interface 9-2 cooperates with the sealing pipe 4 to allow high-temperature gas to flow in, and its interface direction is consistent with the direction of the sealing pipe. The cargo box heating flow channel 9-3 is distributed around and at the bottom of the cargo box body 9-1 and serves as a high-temperature gas flow channel, which can directly heat the cargo box body 9-1. The distribution and size of the heating flow channel need to be calculated in detail based on the engine exhaust back pressure requirements, the size of the cargo box 9, and the environment, so as to ensure the heating effect of the cargo box without affecting the normal operation of the engine.

[0055] Specific solutions are as follows Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 9As shown, this cargo box heating method mainly uses an electronic control system to reverse the engine exhaust direction during the lifting and lowering of the cargo box 9, using the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine as a heat source to directly heat the cargo box body. The flow of the high-temperature exhaust gas is divided into two states: When the dump truck is driving normally and the cargo box is in a horizontal state, the spring 5 under the sealing pipe 4 is compressed, the sealing tail pipe 4-1 extends into the high-temperature interface 9-2 of the cargo box, the electric push rod 3-2 is in an extended state, pushing the smoke baffle 2-1 to block the exhaust port 1-5 and opening the heating port 1-6. The high-temperature exhaust gas is heated by flowing through the air inlet-heating port-high-temperature interface of the cargo box-cargo box heating channel. When it is necessary to dump materials, the controller 3-1 receives a cargo box lifting signal and first controls the electric push rod 3-2 to gradually retract, causing the smoke baffle 2-1 to open the exhaust port 1-5, and the limit plate 2-2 to block the heating port 1-6. The high-temperature exhaust gas is then heated by flowing through the air inlet-exhaust port-exhaust channel. The exhaust pipe blows up the pressure plate 6-2, allowing the engine exhaust to be discharged normally. After the electric push rod 3-2 completes its stroke, the rear limit sensor 3-5 sends a completion signal to the control unit 3-1. The control unit 3-1 then controls the lifting cylinder 3-3 to lift the cargo box 9 and dump the material. After dumping the material, the control unit 3-1 receives a signal for the cargo box 9 to fall back. It first controls the lifting cylinder 3-3 to retract, and the cargo box 9 descends. Once the cargo box 9 is in a horizontal position, the control unit 3-1 controls the electric push rod 3-2 to gradually extend, causing the smoke baffle 2-1 to block the exhaust port 1-5 and open the heating port 1-6, restoring the cargo box to its heated state. The front limit sensor 3-4 then sends a completion signal, and the switching ends.

[0056] In summary, this invention uses an electronic control system to reverse the engine exhaust during cargo box lifting and lowering, utilizing the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine to heat the cargo box, thus achieving the reuse of exhaust gas and solving efficiency and safety issues caused by cargo box material freezing in low-temperature environments. The simple mechanical structure ensures stable reliability, and the electronic control system ensures the orderly operation of each component. By operating the cargo box while disconnecting the heating channel for normal exhaust, it avoids cargo box blackening and carbon powder dispersion, and maintains a good vehicle appearance and driving environment while heating the cargo box.

[0057] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0058] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device, characterized in that, include: The heating chamber has at least one air inlet, one exhaust outlet and one heating outlet, wherein the air inlet is connected to the engine exhaust pipe; A sealing tube, installed at the heating port, is used to connect to the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment; the heating box and the sealing tube are assembled together by multiple springs, utilizing the spring and sealing tube structure to achieve the movement and sealing of the sealing tube; the sealing tube is a welded component, comprising: The sealed tube body has a circular plate at its outer edge at the top end; Multiple pins are evenly and alternately arranged on the bottom surface of the annular plate. Springs are fitted into the pins. The free ends of the pins are tapped and connected to the flange at the heating port of the heating box through nuts. A sealing tailpipe is installed at the inner edge of the top of the sealing tube body. The sealing tailpipe gradually forms a constricted structure from bottom to top. When the cargo box is lowered to a horizontal state, the sealing tube directly contacts the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, and the spring part is compressed. When the cargo box is in a horizontal state, the direction of the sealing tube is finely adjusted by the compression spring, and at the same time, the sealing tailpipe penetrates into the high-temperature interface of the cargo box. An exhaust tailpipe assembly is installed at the exhaust port; the exhaust tailpipe assembly includes: The exhaust tailpipe has its inlet end directly connected to the exhaust port of the heating box, and a pressure plate limiting seat is installed on the outer circumferential surface of its outlet end. A pressure plate covers the outlet end of the exhaust tailpipe. The connecting rod on the pressure plate is hinged to the pressure plate limiting seat through the pressure plate shaft. The pressure plate can rotate around the pressure plate shaft within a predetermined angle. The top plate on the pressure plate limiting seat blocks the connecting rod on the pressure plate to prevent the pressure plate from overturning and failing to return to its original state. A smoke baffle assembly is arranged between the exhaust port and the heating port to form a cargo compartment heating channel or an exhaust gas emission channel; the smoke baffle assembly includes: The limiting plate moves within the smoke baffle slide of the heating box, restricting the overall movement direction of the smoke baffle assembly, and stopping the heating of the cargo box by blocking the heating port, so that the exhaust gas can be discharged normally. A smoke baffle is installed at the tail end of the limiting plate to heat the cargo compartment by blocking the exhaust port and changing the flow path of high-temperature gas. A push rod connecting seat is installed at the front end of the limiting plate near the bottom surface for connecting to an electric push rod; The electronic control device includes: An electric push rod is located at the exhaust tailpipe assembly and is connected to the smoke baffle assembly; The control unit is electrically connected to the electric push rod and the lifting cylinder; The front and rear limit sensors are used to capture the stroke of the electric push rod and send a signal to the control unit to ensure that the exhaust reversing action is carried out in an orderly manner. When the cargo box is level, the control unit controls the electric push rod to push the smoke baffle assembly into the extended state. High-temperature exhaust gas heats the cargo box through the air inlet, heating box and sealing pipe, forming a cargo box heating channel to realize the cargo box heating function. When the cargo box is lifted, the control unit receives the lifting signal and controls the electric push rod to gradually retract the smoke baffle assembly. After the retraction stroke is completed, the control unit controls the lifting cylinder to move, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged through the air inlet, heating box and exhaust port to form the exhaust gas channel and realize the exhaust function of the cargo box.

2. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating chamber is a welded component, and the following are also provided on its body: The smoke baffle slide is the movement track of the smoke baffle assembly. The reciprocating motion of the smoke baffle assembly in the smoke baffle slide is realized by the electric push rod. An electric control bracket, fixed below the smoke baffle slide, is used to install an electric push rod.

3. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The box body is also equipped with: The dust discharge hole is connected to the smoke baffle slide, which can gradually discharge the carbon deposits and dust in the heating box during the movement of the smoke baffle assembly.

4. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The box body is also equipped with: Thermal insulation cotton mounting blocks are used to fix thermal insulation cotton in place. Mounting plate is used to secure the heating chamber.

5. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate has a protruding dust removal end near the bottom surface at its tail end. The dust removal end can reciprocate within the smoke baffle slide to gradually discharge the carbon deposits inside the heating chamber through the dust discharge hole.

6. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the pressure plate is equipped with an asbestos pad, which can seal the exhaust tailpipe and prevent deformation caused by direct rigid collision between the pressure plate and the exhaust tailpipe.

7. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Under the weight of the pressure plate and the sealing effect, the exhaust tailpipe can form back pressure inside. When the smoke baffle assembly and the electric push rod are pushed out, the back pressure formed can optimize the flow state of high temperature gas and enhance the heating effect of the cargo compartment. The pressure plate can be blown up by the engine exhaust when the smoke baffle assembly and electric push rod are retracted, without affecting normal exhaust and engine operation.

8. The electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating chamber is provided with an installation port that enables the installation of the smoke baffle assembly and the maintenance of internal devices. The sealing plate is connected to the heating chamber by bolts and is used to seal the installation port.

9. A mining dump truck, comprising an engine and a cargo box, characterized in that: An electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is installed between the engine and the cargo compartment.

10. A mining dump truck according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cargo compartment includes: cargo compartment body; The high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment is located at the front of the cargo compartment body. It works with the sealing pipe to allow high-temperature gas to flow in, and the interface direction is consistent with the sealing pipe direction. The cargo compartment heating channels are distributed around and at the bottom of the cargo compartment body. They are high-temperature gas flow channels that can directly heat the cargo compartment body.

11. A heating method based on the electrically controlled cargo compartment heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When the cargo box is in a horizontal position during normal vehicle operation, the spring under the sealing pipe is compressed, the sealing tail pipe extends into the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, the electric push rod is in the extended state, pushes the smoke baffle to block the exhaust port, opens the heating port of the heating box, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is heated by passing through the air inlet of the heating box, the heating port of the heating box, the high-temperature interface of the cargo box, and the heating channel of the cargo box. When it is necessary to dump materials, the control unit receives a cargo box lifting signal and first controls the electric push rod to gradually retract, which drives the smoke baffle to open the exhaust port of the heating box and block the heating port. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the air inlet, exhaust port, and exhaust pipe tailpipe, blowing up the pressure plate to achieve normal exhaust of engine exhaust. After the electric push rod completes its stroke, the rear limit sensor returns an action completion signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the lifting cylinder to lift the cargo box and dump the materials. After the material is dumped, the controller receives a signal for the cargo box to fall back. It first controls the lifting cylinder to retract, and the cargo box descends. When the cargo box is about to reach a horizontal state, the controller controls the electric push rod to gradually extend, which drives the smoke baffle to block the exhaust port, opens the heating port, and restores the cargo box to the heating state. The front limit sensor sends a completion signal, and the switching ends.

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