A method for marking observation points of ship navigation lights

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for marking observation points of ship navigation lights, comprising the following steps: S1, using the centerline of the slipway as a reference, measuring the distance L1 between position C of the ship navigation light placed on the slipway and the centerline of the slipway, and drawing position C3 on the ship deck, where the distance between position C3 and the centerline of the slipway is L2, where L2 = L1; S2, setting up a total station at position C, aiming the lens at position C3, and setting the angle of the total station to zero; S3, rotating the total station away from the centerline of the slipway and / or toward the centerline of the slipway to the illumination angle of the ship navigation light, and drawing a marking line for the illumination angle of the ship navigation light after the total station is rotated to the desired angle; S4, finding the observation point on the angle marking line, and marking the observation point as the ship navigation light observation point. This method can achieve the reuse of the same series of ships, without the need to repeatedly measure the size of the observation point, and is simple to operate on site, low in cost, and can be installed and debugged at any time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a method for marking observation points of ship navigation lights. Background Art

[0002] According to the regulations of the Ministry of Transport of China and relevant international maritime regulations, the red light on the port side and the green light on the starboard side, which are installed on the left and right sides of the highest deck of the ship, should each display uninterrupted light within a horizontal arc of 112.5 degrees. The device should enable the light to be displayed from the front of the ship to 22.5 degrees behind the beam of each side. The visor of the sidelight should be painted with matte black paint towards the light surface. The height of the visor should be at least equal to the height of the sidelight. Therefore, the illumination angle of the navigation light should be measured after the ship is built. The sidelight in the navigation light is installed on the lamp holder with a special bulb. The structure and size of the lamp holder should comply with the relevant provisions of ship specifications and international conventions. The lamp holder consists of a rectangular base plate and a visor fixed to the base plate. Therefore, it is crucial to control the installation angle of the base plate when installing the sidelight.

[0003] There are three main methods for detecting the illumination angle of navigation lights in China. They are as follows: 1. Using a tugboat to locate the angle at sea using radar, with personnel on the tugboat observing the illumination angle of the navigation lights; 2. Using a drone for detection; 3. Using a total station to draw the intersection of the extended line of the lamp holder and the centerline of the hull and calculate the angle. However, the above three methods have the following problems during the construction process:

[0004] First, most current methods measure the illumination angles of ship navigation lights by circling a tugboat. This is done when the ship is on sea trial to the anchorage, or when the ship is docked at a pier. The tugboat must follow the ship to the anchorage during sea trial, and at the pier, the ship under test must turn around to complete the starboard and port navigation light angle measurements. However, both methods consume significant manpower and material resources. The tugboat and the ship under test cannot remain stationary at sea. Furthermore, a tugboat can be over 20 meters long and can be observed from any position, resulting in poor accuracy. Furthermore, the tugboat is significantly affected by weather. During the measurement process, observing a target one nautical mile away can also lead to inaccurate visual observations due to poor visibility or high waves.

[0005] Second, the drone detection method requires a high-performance drone costing over 100,000 yuan. In actual operation, drone crashes have occurred many times due to factors such as strong winds at the seaside, strong magnetism from ship cranes, and ship radar waves. Currently, the positioning accuracy of high-precision measurement drones is around 1 decimeter, resulting in poor measurement accuracy. Furthermore, if there are installation errors during operation, the adjustment time is long, and most drones can only maintain a flight time of about half an hour. Re-alignment is necessary to replace the battery, which is time-consuming and cannot meet on-site production needs.

[0006] 3. Calculations are made using a total station to draw the angle between the base and the ship's centerline, as disclosed in Chinese invention patent ZL201811063199.7 (application publication number CN109186534B), "A Method for Measuring the Illumination Angle of a Ship's Navigation Light." However, the actual navigation light base is only about 200 mm wide, and accuracy cannot be guaranteed when extended to more than 100 meters. Errors may also occur in the installation between the ship's navigation light and the base, and verifying the correct installation of the navigation light using the base is not rigorous or accurate. Furthermore, the impact of installation errors between the sunshade and the base light box on the illumination angle of the navigation light cannot be checked.

[0007] In summary, the existing methods for detecting the illumination angle of navigation lights on ships have the disadvantages of low efficiency, high cost, and inability to accurately detect the illumination angle of navigation lights. Therefore, further improvements are needed to the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for marking observation points of ship navigation lights with high efficiency, simple operation and low cost in response to the above-mentioned existing technologies.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a method for marking the observation point of ship navigation lights, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Using the centerline of the slipway as a reference, measure the distance L1 between the position C of the navigation light on the slipway and the centerline of the slipway. Draw position C3 on the ship deck. The distance between position C3 and the centerline of the slipway is L2, where L2 = L1.

[0011] S2. Set up the total station at position C, adjust the total station, aim the lens at position C3, and set the total station angle to zero;

[0012] S3. Rotate the total station away from the centerline of the slipway and / or toward the centerline of the slipway to the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights, and draw a mark line for the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights after the total station is rotated to the correct position;

[0013] S4. Find an observation point on the ship navigation light illumination angle mark line and mark the observation point as the ship navigation light observation point. The ship navigation light observation point is located on the periphery of the slipway.

[0014] In order to meet the requirements of ship navigation light installers, the ship navigation light illumination angle mark line of the total station in S3 includes a first ship navigation light illumination angle mark line. The first ship navigation light illumination angle mark line is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero in a direction away from the center line of the slipway by a first preset angle. The first preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light can be seen just right.

[0015] Furthermore, the ship navigation light illumination angle marking line of the total station in S3 also includes a second ship navigation light illumination angle marking line, which is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero toward a second preset angle close to the center line of the slipway. The second preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light can be seen.

[0016] Furthermore, the ship navigation light illumination angle marking line of the total station in S3 also includes a third ship navigation light illumination angle marking line, and the third ship navigation light illumination angle marking line is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero toward the direction close to the center line of the slipway by a third preset angle. The third preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light is just not seen.

[0017] Furthermore, the observation point in S4 is the farthest observation position on the illumination angle mark line of the ship's navigation lights observed by the total station.

[0018] In order to ensure that the navigation light installation meets the requirements, an observation device is installed at the observation point. The illumination conditions of the navigation light are observed through the observation device, and it is determined whether the navigation light installation angle and the sunshade need to be adjusted based on the observation results.

[0019] Preferably, the observation device includes a bracket and a telescope constrained on the bracket in a manner capable of rotating in upward, downward, forward and backward directions.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: when the ship is being built on the slipway, a total station is set up at the location of the ship's navigation lights, and the total station is used to draw a marking line for the ship's navigation light illumination angle. Finally, the observation point is found on the marking line for the ship's navigation light illumination angle, and the observation point is marked. Therefore, this method can achieve the reuse of ships in the same series, without the need to repeatedly measure the size of the observation point. It is also simple to operate on site, low in cost, and can be installed and debugged at any time. It does not require the cooperation of professional technicians and professional expensive equipment, and is not affected by weather. It can solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and inability to accurately detect the illumination angle of navigation lights in the existing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of marking observation points for ship navigation lights in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the observation device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] The method for marking the observation point of the ship navigation light in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Using the centerline of the slipway as a reference, measure the distance L1 between the position C of the navigation light on the slipway and the centerline of the slipway. Draw position C3 on the ship deck. The distance between position C3 and the centerline of the slipway is L2, where L2 = L1.

[0026] S2. Set up the total station at position C, adjust the total station, aim the lens at position C3, and set the total station angle to zero;

[0027] S3. Rotate the total station away from the centerline of the slipway and / or toward the centerline of the slipway to the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights, and draw a mark line for the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights after the total station is rotated to the correct position;

[0028] In this embodiment, the ship navigation light illumination angle mark line of the total station includes a first ship navigation light illumination angle mark line, a second ship navigation light illumination angle mark line and a third ship navigation light illumination angle mark line, wherein the first ship navigation light illumination angle mark line is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero in a direction away from the center line of the slipway by a first preset angle, and the first preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light is just visible; the second ship navigation light illumination angle mark line is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero in a direction close to the center line of the slipway by a second preset angle, and the second preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light is just visible; the third ship navigation light illumination angle mark line is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero in a direction close to the center line of the slipway by a third preset angle, and the third preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light is just not visible; in this embodiment, the first preset angle is 112.5°; the second preset angle is 1°; and the third preset angle is 3°;

[0029] S4. Find an observation point on the ship navigation light illumination angle mark line and mark the observation point as the ship navigation light observation point. The ship navigation light observation point is located on the periphery of the slipway;

[0030] In this embodiment, the observation point is the farthest observation position on the angle marking line of the ship's navigation lights observed by the total station. The farther the better, and the mark is permanent. The position of the navigation lights will not change when the same series of ships is built on the slipway. This permanent mark can be drawn once and used for a long time, saving a lot of labor.

[0031] In addition, an observation device is installed at the observation point, which is used to observe the illumination conditions of the navigation lights, and judge whether the installation angle of the navigation lights and the sunshade need to be adjusted based on the observation results; in this embodiment, the observation device includes a bracket 1 and a telescope 2 constrained on the bracket 1 in a manner that can rotate up, down, forward and backward.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of this method, in this embodiment, Figure 1Take the example to illustrate, the straight line formed by points C1 and C2 is the center line of the slipway, and the center line of the slipway is the reference line drawn before the ship is built. Point C is the location of the ship's navigation light, and C3 is a point drawn on the ship's deck. The farther the position of C3 is from the location of the ship's navigation light, the better. Set up the total station on the base of the ship's navigation light to ensure that the center of the ship's navigation light coincides with the center of the total station. Adjust the level of the total station, accurately align the lens of the total station with point C3, lock the total station's rotation button, set the total station angle to zero, and release the total station. Turn the instrument's rotation button to the right rear to 112.5°, lock the button, and according to the site conditions, rotate the total station lens up and down to draw point C6 as far as possible, making a permanent mark on point C6; release the total station's rotation button, turn the total station to the left to 359°, which is the 1° line, and draw point C4, making a permanent mark; release the total station's rotation button, turn the total station to the left to 357°, which is the 3° line, and draw point C5, making a permanent mark. Usually, navigation lights are also installed in other locations on the ship. The relevant permanent marking points can be drawn in the same way, which will not be described one by one.

[0033] When observing, choose night, set up the observation device at point C6, turn on the navigation light, observe the light through the observation device, and ensure that the light is just visible; set up the observation device at point C4, observe the light through the observation device, and ensure that the light is just visible; set up the observation device at point C5, observe the light through the observation device, and ensure that the light is just not visible. If all the above conditions are met, it means that the angle of the ship's navigation light and the installation of the sunshade meet the requirements; if one of the above conditions is not met, adjust the angle of the sunshade and the navigation light until the above requirements are met.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the bracket in this embodiment adopts the existing prism centering rod, the prism on the upper part is removed, and a fixing device 3 is made to fix the telescope 2 on the prism centering rod 1. The telescope 2 adopts a single-tube structure, and the fixing device 3 adopts a universal joint form. The telescope 2 can move slightly in the left and right and up and down directions to make it more convenient to observe the navigation lights on site. The observation device can keep the telescope 2 and the marking points C4, C5, and C6 on a vertical line through the prism centering rod.

[0035] Aim the observation device at the permanent mark, turn on the navigation light, and clearly observe the navigation light illumination through the telescope on the observation device. Adjust the navigation light angle and sunshade until they meet the design specification requirements. During the ship inspection, simply set up the observation device on the permanent mark to observe the navigation light illumination.

[0036] In this embodiment, the total station can draw angle lines with an accuracy of 1" and 0.1mm, which is far superior to the 10-meter error of a tugboat at sea, the decimeter error of a drone, and the error of calculating angles using a 200mm base extended by more than 100 times. By creating a dedicated observation device, the illumination of navigation lights can be accurately observed from a long distance. By setting a permanent mark, the line can be drawn once and used permanently on a series of ships. This method is simple to operate, low-cost, and highly safe, saving a lot of labor and equipment costs, while also shortening the shipbuilding period, with significant economic and social benefits.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for marking observation points of ship navigation lights, characterized in that The steps include: S1. Using the centerline of the slipway as a reference, measure the distance L1 between the position C of the navigation light on the slipway and the centerline of the slipway. Draw position C3 on the ship deck. The distance between position C3 and the centerline of the slipway is L2, where L2 = L1. S2. Set up the total station at position C, adjust the total station, aim the lens at position C3, and set the total station angle to zero; S3. Rotate the total station away from the centerline of the slipway and / or toward the centerline of the slipway to the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights, and draw a mark line for the illumination angle of the ship's navigation lights after the total station is rotated to the correct position; The ship navigation light illumination angle marking line of the total station in S3 includes a first ship navigation light illumination angle marking line, which is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero in a direction away from the center line of the slipway by a first preset angle, and the ship navigation light is ensured to be just visible at the first preset angle; The ship navigation light illumination angle mark line of the total station in S3 further includes a second ship navigation light illumination angle mark line, which is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero toward the direction close to the center line of the slipway by a second preset angle, and the second preset angle ensures that the ship navigation light is just visible; The navigation light illumination angle marking line of the total station in S3 further includes a third navigation light illumination angle marking line, which is obtained by rotating the total station with an angle of zero toward the center line of the slipway by a third preset angle, and the navigation light is ensured to be just out of sight at the third preset angle; S4. Find an observation point on the ship navigation light illumination angle mark line and mark the observation point as the ship navigation light observation point. The ship navigation light observation point is located on the periphery of the slipway.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The observation point in S4 is the farthest observation position on the mark line of the illumination angle of the ship's navigation light observed by the total station.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: An observation device is installed on the observation point, and the illumination condition of the navigation light is observed through the observation device. It is determined whether the installation angle of the navigation light and the sunshade need to be adjusted based on the observation result.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The observation device comprises a bracket and a telescope constrained on the bracket in a manner of being rotatable in upward, downward, forward and backward directions.

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