A multi-axis tribo-meter for micro-textured surfaces

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for micro-textured surfaces and belongs to the technical field of friction and wear measurement, comprising a two-dimensional motion platform, a clamp assembly, a pair of grinding ball assemblies, an optical observation assembly and a horizontal workbench; the two-dimensional motion platform and linear guides are fixedly installed on the horizontal workbench. The two-dimensional motion platform is used in cooperation with a multi-axis motion control card and a numerical control interpolation algorithm to adjust the direction of micro-texture relative to reciprocating friction and wear motion in situ, so that the accurate characterization requirements of friction and wear performance of different micro-textured surfaces can be met; the optical observation assembly can be used to accurately adjust the detection position of an optical microscope for focusing, so that the detection of the wear morphology of the micro-textured surface is better achieved. The testing machine can be used for the friction and wear performance detection of micro-textured surfaces with different morphology characteristics, has perfect functions, is compact in structure and is low in production and maintenance costs.

Description

A multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of friction and wear measurement technology, and in particular to a multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Microtexture refers to the surface microstructure formed by the combination of arrays of tiny structures. Microtextured surfaces have excellent properties such as friction reduction, superhydrophobicity, and antireflection, and have been widely used in optics, mechanics, bionics, aerospace, defense, and civilian industries.

[0003] Tribological properties are a crucial characteristic of microtextured surfaces, typically requiring reciprocating tribological tests for performance evaluation. However, the microtexture arrangement on microtextured surfaces exhibits a distinct directionality, with different microtexture orientations corresponding to varying tribological properties. Therefore, tribological testing of microtextured surfaces necessitates adjusting the reciprocating motion angle according to the microtexture arrangement direction of different specimens. Consequently, the tribological testing machine must be capable of precisely adjusting the angle between the reciprocating motion direction and the microtexture arrangement direction to meet the tribological testing requirements of microtextured surfaces with different characteristics. Furthermore, the microtexture feature size is typically between several micrometers and tens of micrometers, requiring the tribological testing machine to precisely control the applied load to the order of several Newtons.

[0004] Currently, most friction and wear testing machines on the market are designed for general friction and wear testing. For example, the Bruker UMT-TriboLab friction and wear testing machine offers high measurement accuracy and stability, but it cannot change the direction of the reciprocating friction and wear motion in place. Furthermore, its extremely large range of 1mN-2000N far exceeds the measurement range required for microtextured surface testing. Another example is patent CN114778361A, which discloses a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine for steel ball friction technology. This machine can only test a specific straight area on the test piece and cannot change the angle. In other words, existing friction and wear testing machines do not have the function of adjusting the reciprocating motion angle according to the microtexture arrangement direction of different test piece surfaces.

[0005] There are two main methods for adjusting the reciprocating motion angle of a friction and wear testing machine: one is manual adjustment, which changes the angle by rotating a handwheel. However, this manual adjustment method has poor positioning accuracy, cannot achieve precise adjustment, and is inefficient. The other method is to adjust the angle by using a geared motor-driven turntable. A PLC controls the geared motor driver to drive the turntable to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle. This angle adjustment method mainly achieves adjustment through inching, using a gradual approximation principle. It has lower positioning accuracy, and rotational motion and linear reciprocating motion cannot be performed simultaneously, which has certain limitations.

[0006] In view of this, there is an urgent need to develop a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine that can change the direction of reciprocating friction and wear motion in place, has an adjustable testing position, excellent accuracy, and high operating efficiency, so as to meet the needs of friction and wear performance testing of microtextured surfaces with different morphologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can greatly reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs while ensuring the detection accuracy and quality of microtextured surfaces.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces, comprising:

[0009] A two-dimensional motion platform, which is horizontally set and driven by a servo motor and capable of moving horizontally along the X-axis and / or Y-axis, wherein the servo motor is communicatively connected to the control system;

[0010] A clamping assembly is fixedly mounted on the two-dimensional motion platform and is capable of clamping and fixing the test piece to be inspected.

[0011] The grinding ball assembly is disposed above the test piece to be tested and is used to perform friction and wear tests on the test piece to be tested;

[0012] An optical observation assembly is fixedly mounted on a vertically arranged linear guide rail; a support arm is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail, and the grinding ball assembly is mounted on the support arm via a force measuring assembly.

[0013] A horizontal worktable, on which the two-dimensional motion platform and linear guide rail are fixedly installed.

[0014] The fixture assembly has a liquid tank inside; a ring-shaped workpiece fixture is installed in the center of the liquid tank cavity, and the test piece to be inspected is placed inside the workpiece fixture.

[0015] The liquid tank is filled with lubricating liquid.

[0016] The optical observation assembly includes an optical microscope; the optical microscope is mounted on a microscope fixture; the optical microscope is used to observe the surface morphology of the test specimen;

[0017] The microscope clamp is fixedly mounted on a horizontal slider, which is slidably mounted on a horizontal slide rail; the horizontal slide rail is fixedly mounted on a vertical slider; the vertical slider is slidably mounted on a vertical guide rail; and the vertical guide rail is mounted on a linear guide rail via an adapter plate.

[0018] A drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the linear guide rail. The drive motor is connected to the support arm via a transmission shaft set on the linear guide rail, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the support arm.

[0019] The support arm has a bearing hole at the end away from the linear guide rail, and the force measuring component is installed in the bearing hole.

[0020] The force measuring component includes a three-dimensional force sensor, the top and bottom of which are connected to the bottom of the pressure column and the grinding ball assembly via connecting plates, respectively.

[0021] A spring is also fitted on the outside of the pressure column, and the pressure column is installed in the bearing hole through a linear bearing.

[0022] The top of the support arm is also fixedly installed with an optical axis fixing seat, and the top of the pressure column passes through the optical axis fixing seat and is limited by an optical axis fixing ring.

[0023] The two ends of the spring abut against the linear bearing and the connecting plate, respectively.

[0024] The grinding ball assembly includes an outer clamp, an inner clamp, and a grinding ball; the grinding ball is installed inside the outer clamp; the inner clamp is threadedly installed inside the outer clamp and positioned on top of the grinding ball; the top of the outer clamp is threadedly installed inside the connecting plate.

[0025] The control system is a PMAC control system.

[0026] The linear guide rail is also fixedly connected to the horizontal worktable by ribs.

[0027] This invention discloses the following technical effects: It can adjust the direction of reciprocating friction and wear tests along different microtexture directions in situ; the three-dimensional force sensor used has high sensitivity, high precision, and a small range, which better meets the detection requirements of microtextured surfaces; it can precisely adjust the detection position of the optical microscope for focusing, so as to better detect the wear morphology of microtextured surfaces; it can be used for friction and wear detection of microtextured surfaces with different morphological characteristics, with complete functions, compact structure, and low production and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical observation component structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the clamp assembly structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding ball assembly of the present invention;

[0033] The components include: 1. Horizontal worktable; 2. Horizontal cross slide; 3. Optical observation assembly; 4. Liquid tank; 5. Fixture assembly; 6. Grinding ball assembly; 7. Three-dimensional force sensor; 8. Spring; 9. Pressure column; 10. Linear bearing; 11. Optical axis fixing seat; 12. Optical axis fixing ring; 13. Support arm; 14. Optical microscope; 15. Drive motor; 16. Linear guide rail; 17. Rib plate; 31. Adapter plate; 32. Vertical guide rail; 33. Vertical slider; 34. Horizontal slide rail; 35. Horizontal slider; 36. Microscope fixture; 51. Workpiece fixture; 52. Test piece to be inspected; 61. External fixture; 62. Internal fixture; 63. Grinding ball. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] This invention provides a multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces, comprising:

[0037] A two-dimensional motion platform is set horizontally. It is driven by a servo motor and can move horizontally along the X-axis and / or Y-axis. The servo motor is connected to the controller.

[0038] The clamp assembly 5 is fixedly mounted on the two-dimensional motion platform and can clamp and fix the test piece 52 to be inspected.

[0039] The grinding ball assembly 6 is positioned above the test piece 52 and is used to perform friction and wear tests on the test piece 52.

[0040] Optical observation component 3 is fixedly installed on a vertically arranged linear guide rail 16; a support arm 13 is slidably installed on the linear guide rail 16, and the grinding ball component is installed on the support arm 13 through a force measuring component.

[0041] The horizontal worktable 1, the two-dimensional motion platform and the linear guide rail 16 are all fixedly installed on the horizontal worktable 1.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the two-dimensional motion platform is a horizontal cross slide 2, which is fixed to the horizontal worktable 1 by bolts. It is driven by two 100W servo motors and, in conjunction with a programmable multi-axis motion controller (PMAC), can achieve two-dimensional motion along arbitrary trajectories within a plane. The effective stroke of the upper slide is 50mm, and the effective stroke of the lower slide is 140mm.

[0043] Furthermore, the horizontal cross slide 2 is arranged with cross guide rails to form the X and Y axes, and a multi-axis linkage motion control card is used for trajectory planning and motion interpolation, which can realize friction and wear motion with any direction and complex trajectory in place.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the PMAC system mainly consists of a PMAC controller, a servo driver, a servo motor, sensors (such as encoders or linear scales), a communication interface, and external devices. The PMAC controller converts motion control commands into corresponding control signals and sends them to the servo driver, which then drives the servo motor to complete the corresponding motion task. Simultaneously, the sensors feed back the actual axis position information to the PMAC controller to achieve closed-loop control. In X and Y plane axis control, the PMAC multi-axis linkage control technology, through core principles such as motion planning and interpolation, cooperative control, closed-loop control, and error compensation, can achieve high-precision and high-efficiency cooperative motion of the X and Y axes. Its linkage accuracy can reach the sub-micron level, which is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the feature size of microstructures, providing accuracy assurance for in-situ experiments on friction and wear of surface microstructures at different angles.

[0045] The fixture assembly 5 has a liquid tank 4 inside; a workpiece fixture 51 is installed in the center of the inner cavity of the liquid tank 4, and the test piece 52 to be inspected is placed inside the workpiece fixture 51.

[0046] Liquid tank 4 is filled with lubricating liquid.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid tank 4 is fixed on the horizontal cross slide 2, and lubricating liquid can be added inside to conduct friction experiments under immersion conditions.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG3, the workpiece fixture 51 is fixed in the liquid tank 4 by mounting bolts at the four corners, and the test piece 52 to be inspected is fixed by mounting bolts on the inner wall of the workpiece fixture 51.

[0049] Optical observation assembly 3 includes an optical microscope 14; the optical microscope 14 is mounted on a microscope fixture 36; the optical microscope 14 is used to observe the surface morphology of the test piece 52 under test.

[0050] The microscope clamp 36 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal slider 35, which is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide rail 34; the horizontal slide rail 34 is fixedly mounted on the vertical slider 33; the vertical slider 33 is slidably mounted on the vertical guide rail 32; and the vertical guide rail 32 is mounted on the linear guide rail 16 via the adapter plate 31.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG2, the optical observation assembly 3 has an adapter plate 31 fixedly mounted on a vertically arranged linear guide rail 16, and a vertical guide rail 32 fixedly mounted on the adapter plate 31. A vertical slider 33 and the vertical guide rail 32 form a sliding pair for vertical position adjustment. A horizontal guide rail 34 is bolted to the vertical slider 33, and a horizontal slider 35 is bolted to the horizontal guide rail 34 for horizontal position adjustment. An optical microscope fixture 36 is bolted to the horizontal slider 35 and is used to mount the optical microscope 14 for observing the morphology of the surface being inspected.

[0052] A drive motor 15 is fixedly mounted on the top of the linear guide rail 16. The drive motor 15 is connected to the support arm 13 through a transmission shaft set on the linear guide rail 16, so as to realize the up and down movement of the support arm 13.

[0053] The end of the support arm 13 away from the linear guide rail 16 has a bearing hole, and a force measuring component is installed in the bearing hole.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive motor 15 drives the support arm 13 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the support arm 13 to apply load pressure.

[0055] The force measuring component includes a three-dimensional force sensor 7, the top and bottom of which are connected to the bottom of the pressure column 9 and the grinding ball assembly 6 via connecting plates, respectively.

[0056] A spring 8 is also fitted on the outside of the pressure column 9, and the pressure column 9 is installed in the bearing hole through a linear bearing 10;

[0057] The top of the support arm 13 is also fixedly installed with an optical axis fixing seat 11, and the top of the pressure column 9 passes through the optical axis fixing seat 11 and is limited by an optical axis fixing ring 12.

[0058] The two ends of the spring 8 abut against the linear bearing 10 and the connecting plate, respectively.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional force sensor 7 is connected to the pressure column 9 and the grinding ball clamp assembly 6 respectively through the connecting plate. It adopts the resistance strain gauge technology and has a detection range of 0-100N. This can reduce the error by applying a constant load of several Newtons (N) in the middle of the range, and also greatly reduce the cost of the entire device, thus meeting the testing requirements for the friction and wear performance of microtextured surfaces.

[0060] Furthermore, spring 8 is installed between pressure column 9 and connecting plate for load buffering and generating load pressure.

[0061] The optical axis fixing ring 12 is installed on the top of the pressure column 9 to limit the pressure column 9. The optical axis fixing seat 11 is connected to the support arm 13 to limit the rotation of the pressure column 9 in the vertical direction and avoid affecting the detection of the three-dimensional force sensor 7.

[0062] Linear bearing 10 is mounted on support arm 13 to reduce wear between pressure column 9 and support arm 13; optical microscope 14 is mounted in optical microscope fixture 36 of optical microscope holder 3 for observing surface morphology of test piece 52.

[0063] Furthermore, the connection between the three-dimensional force sensor 7 and the pressure column 9 can detect the force components in three directions during the friction experiment in real time, and the optical axis fixing ring 12 and the optical axis fixing seat 11 respectively realize the limiting and anti-rotation functions.

[0064] The grinding ball assembly 6 includes an outer clamp 61, an inner clamp 62, and a grinding ball 63; the grinding ball 63 is installed inside the outer clamp 61; the inner clamp 62 is threadedly installed inside the outer clamp 61 and is positioned on top of the grinding ball 63; the top of the outer clamp 61 is threadedly installed inside the connecting plate.

[0065] The control system is a PMAC control system.

[0066] The linear guide 16 is also fixedly connected to the horizontal worktable 1 by a rib plate 17.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rib plate 17 is connected to the linear guide rail 16 by bolts to increase the rigidity of the linear guide rail 16.

[0068] In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the grinding ball 63 that can be installed is in the range of 6.35-12.7 mm.

[0069] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of this invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces, characterized in that, include: A two-dimensional motion platform, horizontally positioned and driven by a servo motor capable of horizontal movement along the X-axis and / or Y-axis, the servo motor being communicatively connected to a control system; a clamp assembly (5), fixedly mounted on the two-dimensional motion platform, capable of clamping and fixing the test piece (52); a grinding ball assembly (6), positioned above the test piece (52), used for performing friction and wear tests on the test piece (52); and an optical observation assembly (3). The system is fixedly installed on a vertically arranged linear guide rail (16); a support arm (13) is slidably installed on the linear guide rail (16), and the grinding ball assembly is installed on the support arm (13) through a force measuring assembly; a horizontal worktable (1), the two-dimensional motion platform and the linear guide rail (16) are all fixedly installed on the horizontal worktable (1); the optical observation assembly (3) includes an optical microscope (14); the optical microscope (14) is installed on a microscope fixture (36); the optical microscope (14) is used to observe the surface morphology of the test piece (52) to be inspected; The microscope clamp (36) is fixedly mounted on the horizontal slider (35), which is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide rail (34); the horizontal slide rail (34) is fixedly mounted on the vertical slider (33); the vertical slider (33) is slidably mounted on the vertical guide rail (32); the vertical guide rail (32) is mounted on the linear guide rail (16) via an adapter plate (31); a bearing hole is provided at one end of the support arm (13) away from the linear guide rail (16), and the force measuring component is installed in the bearing hole; the force measuring component includes a three-dimensional force transmission... The three-dimensional force sensor (7) is connected to the bottom of the pressure column (9) and the grinding ball assembly (6) through a connecting plate at its top and bottom. A spring (8) is also sleeved on the outside of the pressure column (9). The pressure column (9) is installed in the bearing hole through a linear bearing (10). A light axis fixing seat (11) is fixedly installed on the top of the support arm (13). The top of the pressure column (9) passes through the light axis fixing seat (11) and is limited by a light axis fixing ring (12). The two ends of the spring (8) abut against the linear bearing (10) and the connecting plate, respectively.

2. The multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture assembly (5) has a liquid tank (4) inside; a ring-shaped workpiece fixture (51) is installed in the center of the inner cavity of the liquid tank (4), and the test piece (52) to be inspected is placed in the workpiece fixture (51); the liquid tank (4) is filled with lubricating liquid.

3. The multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the linear guide rail (16). The drive motor (15) is connected to the support arm (13) through a transmission shaft set on the linear guide rail (16) to realize the up and down movement of the support arm (13).

4. A multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding ball assembly (6) includes an outer clamp (61), an inner clamp (62), and a grinding ball (63); the grinding ball (63) is installed inside the outer clamp (61); the inner clamp (62) is threadedly installed inside the outer clamp (61) and is positioned on top of the grinding ball (63); the top of the outer clamp (61) is threadedly installed inside the connecting plate.

5. A multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is a PMAC control system.

6. A multi-axis linkage friction and wear testing machine for microtextured surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear guide (16) is also fixedly connected to the horizontal worktable (1) by a rib plate (17).

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