A dual-control dual-gate system for fish passages, fish passages, and control methods.

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-control, dual-gate system for fish passages, the fish passage itself, and a control method. The gates include a fish passage body equipped with flow dividers, which separate the outlet end of the fish passage body into a first flow channel and a second flow channel. A first fixed gate and a first movable gate are installed in the first flow channel. The first fixed gate is located at the bottom of the first flow channel and has a bottom hole. The first movable gate moves up and down relative to the first fixed gate to adjust the flow rate through the bottom hole. A second fixed gate and a second movable gate are installed in the second flow channel. The second fixed gate is located at the bottom of the second flow channel, and the second movable gate moves up and down relative to the second fixed gate to adjust the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate. This invention can adjust the required flow rate of the fish passage while also considering the characteristics of fish species to ensure their smooth passage; thus, it achieves controllable flow rate in the fish passage, saves operating flow, and provides hardware support for the future construction of smart fish passages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a double-control double gate for fish passages. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways are facilities in hydraulic engineering projects that allow fish to ascend to spawn without being obstructed by dams. They come in various forms, such as sloping fish tanks, tiered fish ladders, and lifting fish lifts. Typically, a gate is installed at the outlet of the fishway. Specifically, the vertical lifting flat gate is one type of outlet gate for fishways. This gate is simple in construction, easy to operate, and compact in installation, making it the most commonly used gate type in fishway projects. Theoretically, this gate has the function of regulating the flow rate within the fishway as needed.

[0003] However, different species and sizes of fish in my country's inland rivers and lakes not only have varying swimming abilities, but also differ in their preferred water layers (e.g., they prefer to inhabit the bottom, middle, or surface layers) and water flow conditions. Currently, the single vertical lift flat gate commonly used in fishways can only partially open at the bottom when regulating a specific flow rate within the fishway. This results in a concentrated, high-velocity flow at the bottom, restricting the behavior of bottom-dwelling fish and some smaller fish. Furthermore, fish that prefer to swim in the middle or surface layers do not like to swim upstream through the bottom opening, leading to poor fish passage efficiency. Ultimately, the gates in most fishway projects, both domestically and internationally, are essentially fully open during operation to ensure no obstruction for fish passage, thus sacrificing the gate's flow regulation function. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a dual-control dual gate for fish passages that can adjust the required flow rate and velocity of fish passages while taking into account the characteristics of fish to allow fish to pass through the fish passages smoothly.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a dual-control dual-gate for fish passages, comprising:

[0006] A first fixed gate and a first movable gate are installed in the first flow channel;

[0007] A second fixed gate and a second movable gate are installed in a second flow channel adjacent to the first flow channel;

[0008] The first flow channel is provided with a first fixed gate and a first movable gate. The first fixed gate is located at the bottom of the first flow channel and has a bottom hole at its bottom. The first movable gate moves up and down relative to the first fixed gate to adjust the flow rate of the bottom hole. The second fixed gate is located at the bottom of the second flow channel and moves up and down relative to the second fixed gate to adjust the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a door body, the bottom of which is provided with multiple door slots, and the first movable gate, the first fixed gate, the second fixed gate and the second movable gate are installed in the door slots.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a machine room installed above the gate, in which a gate opening controller is installed, and the lifting end of the gate opening controller is connected to the first movable gate and the second movable gate.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a dual-control gate control system, which includes an expert decision-making module and an execution module. The input and output terminals of the execution module are respectively connected to the expert decision-making module and the gate opening controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the dual-control gate control system also includes a data analysis module and a flow velocity meter for detecting the flow velocity at the bottom of the first flow channel and the top of the second flow channel. The input and output terminals of the data analysis module are respectively connected to the flow velocity meter and the expert decision module.

[0013] Furthermore, the expert decision-making module determines the opening degree of the first and second movable gates based on hydrological conditions, the type and quantity of fish, and other relevant factors.

[0014] Furthermore, the first fixed gate and the first movable gate are 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the cross-section of the first flow channel, and the second fixed gate and the second movable gate are 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the cross-section of the second flow channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom hole is located on one side of the bottom of the first fixed gate, with the bottom of the bottom hole aligned with the bottom of the first flow channel and the top extending toward the top of the first fixed gate.

[0016] Then, the present invention discloses a fishway, which adopts the dual-control dual-gate fishway described in the above scheme, including a fishway body with a flow divider, wherein the flow divider divides the outlet end of the fishway body into a first flow channel and a second flow channel.

[0017] Then, the present invention discloses a method for controlling a fishway, which employs the fishway described above and includes the following steps:

[0018] S1, the bottom hole, and the top of the second flow channel were measured with a flow meter to obtain V. a and V b Flow rate, this data is fed back to the data analysis module of the dual-control gate control system;

[0019] S2, Flow velocity V a and V bAfter comparing the flow rate with that of the incoming fish, the data analysis module sends the optimized opening of the first and second active gates to the execution module.

[0020] S3. Repeat step S2 multiple times so that the water flow from the bottom hole and the top of the second movable gate can adapt to the passage of the corresponding fish, while the flow velocity Vz in the fishway body also meets the requirements of the fish to swim upstream.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention adjusts the flow rate at the bottom of the fishway by controlling the vertical movement of a first movable gate relative to a first fixed gate. This generates a moderately velocity bottom-level attraction flow at the bottom of the first channel, attracting bottom-dwelling fish and weaker fish from the main fishway into the area and allowing them to enter upstream through the bottom of the first fixed gate. Furthermore, by controlling the vertical movement of a second movable gate relative to a second fixed gate, the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate is adjusted, generating a larger surface attraction flow at the top of the second channel. This attracts surface-dwelling fish and stronger swimmers from the main fishway into the second channel and allows them to enter upstream through the top of the second movable gate. This allows for the adjustment of both the required flow rate and velocity of the fishway while also considering the characteristics of the fish to ensure their smooth passage. This results in controllable flow in the fishway, saves on operating flow, and provides hardware support for future smart fishway construction. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation view of a dual-control, dual-gate fishway disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a dual-control, dual-gate fishway disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flow channel disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flow channel disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the fishway disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fishway control disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the fishway disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 1. Flow divider; 2. Fishway body; 3. Outlet end; 4. First flow channel; 5. Second flow channel; 6. First fixed gate; 7. First movable gate; 8. Bottom hole; 9. Second fixed gate; 10. Second movable gate; 11. Expert decision-making module; 12. Execution module; 13. Gate opening controller; 14. Data analysis module; 15. Flow meter; 16. Gate body; 17. Gate slot; 18. Machine room; 19. Sealing components. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention discloses a dual-control dual-gate system for fish passages, comprising a first fixed gate 6 and a first movable gate 7, i.e., group A, disposed in a first flow channel 4; and a second fixed gate 9 and a second movable gate 10, i.e. group B, disposed in a second flow channel 5 adjacent to the first flow channel 4; both are gate valve structures.

[0035] The first flow channel 4 is equipped with a first fixed gate 6 and a first movable gate 7. The first fixed gate 6 is located at the bottom of the first flow channel 4, and a bottom hole 8 is provided at the bottom of the first fixed gate 6. The first movable gate 7 moves up and down relative to the first fixed gate 6 to adjust the flow rate through the bottom hole 8. During the up and down movement of the first movable gate 7 relative to the first fixed gate 6, it ensures a seal with the first fixed gate 6, the inner wall of the fish passage body 2, and the flow divider 1, ensuring precise control of flow rate and velocity. The second flow channel 5 is equipped with a second fixed gate 9 and a second movable gate 10. The second fixed gate 9 is located at the bottom of the second flow channel 5. The second movable gate 10 moves up and down relative to the second fixed gate 9 to adjust the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate 10. Similarly, during the up and down movement of the second movable gate 10 relative to the second fixed gate 9, it ensures a seal with the first fixed gate 6, the inner wall of the fish passage body 2, and the flow divider 1, ensuring precise control of flow rate and velocity.

[0036] Specifically, the dual-control dual gate also includes a gate body 16 and a machine room 18 installed above the gate body 16. The machine room 18 provides isolation and protection for the dual-control gate control system. The bottom of the gate body 16 has multiple door slots 17. The first movable gate 7, the first fixed gate 6, the second fixed gate 9, and the second movable gate 10 are installed in the door slots 17. The edges of the first movable gate 7, the first fixed gate 6, the second fixed gate 9, and the second movable gate 10 are provided with sealing elements 19, such as sealing rubber. A gate opening controller 13 is installed in the machine room 18. The main structure of the gate opening controller 13 can be a motor-driven lead screw or a motor-driven winch lifting mechanism. The lifting end of the gate opening controller 13 is connected to the first movable gate 7 and the second movable gate 10.

[0037] This invention adjusts the flow rate of the bottom orifice 8 by controlling the vertical movement of the first movable gate 7 relative to the first fixed gate 6, thereby generating a moderately velocity bottom suction flow V at the bottom of the first flow channel 4. a This attracts bottom-dwelling and weak fish from the main fishway into this area and into the upstream area through the bottom hole 8 of the first fixed gate 6; by controlling the second movable gate 10 to move up and down relative to the second fixed gate 9 to adjust the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate 10, a large surface flow attraction flow V is generated at the top of the second flow channel 5. b This attracts surface-dwelling fish and strong swimmers from the main fishway into the second channel 5 and upstream through the top of the second movable gate 10. This allows for both adjustment of the fishway's flow demand and consideration of fish characteristics to ensure their smooth passage, thereby achieving controllable flow in the fishway, saving on fishway operating flow, and providing hardware support for the later construction of smart fishways.

[0038] In this embodiment, to achieve precise gate control and maximize the ecological benefits of the fishway, a dual-control gate control system is also included. This system comprises an expert decision-making module 11, an execution module 12, and a gate opening controller 13. The input and output terminals of the execution module 12 are connected to the expert decision-making module 11 and the gate opening controller 13, respectively. The input and output terminals of the data analysis module 14 are connected to the flow meter 15 and the expert decision-making module 11, respectively. The data analysis module 14 is used for data collection and preprocessing to facilitate subsequent comparison and decision-making by the expert decision-making module 11. The gate opening controller 13 is drivenly connected to the first movable gate 7 and the second movable gate 10. The expert decision-making module 11 determines the opening degree of the first movable gate 7 and the second movable gate 10 based on hydrological conditions, the type and quantity of incoming fish, and thus V a and V b Flow rate, indirectly controlling the flow rate Q a and Q bThe hydrological conditions include external factors beyond the number and species of fish, such as the external environment, fishway flow pattern, main fishway velocity, and main fishway flow rate. In this embodiment, to ensure the flow rate Q... z and flow velocity V z To achieve this, the first fixed gate 6 and the first movable gate 7 are half the cross-section of the first flow channel 4, and the second fixed gate 9 and the second movable gate 10 are half the cross-section of the second flow channel 5. Simultaneously, a bottom hole 8 is located on one side of the bottom of the first fixed gate 6, with the bottom of the bottom hole 8 aligned with the bottom of the first flow channel 4, and the top extending towards the top of the first fixed gate 6.

[0039] Then, the present invention discloses a fishway employing the dual-control, dual-gate design of this embodiment. The fishway includes a fishway body 2 equipped with a flow-dividing pier 1, which is positioned at the original location of the single-control gate, dividing the outlet end 3 of the fishway body 2 into a first flow channel 4 and a second flow channel 5. Thus, the fishway possesses all the functions of a dual-control, dual-gate design.

[0040] Then, this invention discloses a method for controlling fish passages, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the fishway, specifically, the flow rate Q required by the main fishway is determined by the expert decision module 11. z and flow velocity V z The execution module 12 then sends a gate opening degree command to the gate opening degree controller 13. The gradual opening process includes the following steps:

[0041] S1, bottom hole 8, and top of the second flow channel 5 were measured by flow meter 15 respectively. a and V b Flow rate, this data is collected by the data collection module and then fed back to the data analysis module 14 of the dual-control gate control system;

[0042] S2, Flow velocity V a and V b After comparing the flow resistance of the incoming fish (usually using the fish's maximum flow velocity, i.e., the maximum flow velocity Vml of bottom-dwelling fish and the maximum flow velocity Vml of top-dwelling fish), the data analysis module 14 sends the optimized opening of the first active gate 7 and the second active gate 10 to the execution module 12.

[0043] S3. Repeating step S2 multiple times allows the water flow from the bottom hole 8 and the top of the second movable gate 10 to adapt to the passage of different types of fish. For example, fish that prefer bottom movement and higher flow rates can pass through the bottom hole 8, while fish that prefer top movement and slower flow rates can pass through the top of the second movable gate 10. Furthermore, Q... z =Q a +Q b Q a Q is the flow rate exiting from the first flow channel 4.b Q represents the flow rate exiting from the second flow channel 5. z This refers to the outflow rate within the fishway body 2. Simultaneously, the flow velocity Vz within the fishway body 2, located below the gate, also satisfies the upstream migration requirements of the fish.

[0044] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-control, dual-gate system for fish passages, characterized in that, include: The first fixed gate (6) and the first movable gate (7) are installed in the first flow channel (4); A second fixed gate (9) and a second movable gate (10) are installed in the second flow channel (5) adjacent to the first flow channel (4); The first fixed gate (6) is located at the bottom of the first flow channel (4). The bottom of the first fixed gate (6) is provided with a bottom hole (8). The first movable gate (7) moves up and down relative to the first fixed gate (6) to adjust the flow rate of the bottom hole (8). The second fixed gate (9) is located at the bottom of the second flow channel (5). The second movable gate (10) moves up and down relative to the second fixed gate (9) to adjust the flow rate at the top of the second movable gate (10).

2. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a door body (16), the bottom of which is provided with multiple door slots (17), and the first movable gate (7), the first fixed gate (6), the second fixed gate (9) and the second movable gate (10) are installed in the door slots (17).

3. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a machine room (18) installed above the gate (16), and a gate opening controller (13) is installed in the machine room (18). The lifting end of the gate opening controller (13) is connected to the first movable gate (7) and the second movable gate (10).

4. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a dual-control gate control system, which includes an expert decision module (11) and an execution module (12). The input and output terminals of the execution module (12) are respectively connected to the expert decision module (11) and the gate opening controller (13).

5. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dual-control gate control system also includes a data analysis module (14) and a flow meter (15) for detecting the flow velocity at the bottom of the first flow channel (4) and the top of the second flow channel (5). The input and output ends of the data analysis module (14) are connected to the flow meter (15) and the expert decision module (11), respectively.

6. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expert decision module (11) determines the opening degree of the first movable gate (7) and the second movable gate (10) based on hydrological conditions, the type and number of fish.

7. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed gate (6) and the first movable gate (7) are 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the cross section of the first flow channel (4), and the second fixed gate (9) and the second movable gate (10) are 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the cross section of the second flow channel (5).

8. The dual-control dual-gate for fish passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom hole (8) is located on one side of the bottom of the first fixed gate (6), the bottom of the bottom hole (8) is aligned with the bottom of the first flow channel (4), and the top extends toward the top of the first fixed gate (6).

9. A fishway, characterized in that, The double-control double gate for fish passage according to any one of claims 1-8 includes a fish passage body (2) provided with a flow divider (1), wherein the flow divider (1) divides the outlet end (3) of the fish passage body (2) into a first flow channel (4) and a second flow channel (5).

10. A method for controlling a fishway, characterized in that, The fishway described in claim 9 comprises the following steps: The V values ​​at the top of S1, the bottom hole (8), and the second flow channel (5) were measured by a flow meter (15). a and V b Flow rate, this data is fed back to the data analysis module (14) of the dual-control gate control system. S2, Flow velocity V a and V b After comparing the flow capacity with that of the incoming fish, the data analysis module (14) sends the optimized opening of the first active gate (7) and the second active gate (10) to the execution module (12); S3. Repeat step S2 multiple times so that the water flowing out of the bottom hole (8) and the top of the second movable gate (10) can adapt to the passage of the corresponding fish, while the flow velocity Vz in the fishway body (2) also meets the requirements of the fish to swim upstream.

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