A cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery and utilization, and specifically to a flue gas waste heat utilization system of a blast furnace, comprising a heat exchange tube and a dust removal mechanism; a spiral heat exchange tube (7) is arranged inside the heat exchange tube, a spiral heat conduction plate (8) is arranged inside the spiral heat exchange tube (7), and the spiral heat conduction plate (8) divides the internal space of the spiral heat exchange tube (7) into a flue gas flow channel located at the top and a blast flow channel located at the bottom; a flue gas inlet pipe (2), a flue gas outlet pipe (5), an air inlet pipe (4) and an air outlet pipe (6) are arranged on the heat exchange tube; the flue gas inlet pipe (2) is connected to the upper end of the flue gas flow channel, the flue gas outlet pipe (5) is connected to the lower end of the flue gas flow channel, the air inlet pipe (4) is connected to the upper end of the blast flow channel, and the air outlet pipe (6) is connected to the lower end of the blast flow channel. The present invention adopts a spiral heat exchange tube, which prolongs the heat exchange path and can clean the flue gas particles attached to the spiral heat exchange tube at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery and utilization, and in particular to a cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system. Background Art

[0002] Cupolas are mainly used in large smelters and foundries. The temperature of cupola flue gas is as high as 300 degrees Celsius, which contains huge heat energy. The heat is directly discharged into the air, which not only damages the environment, but also wastes resources. Therefore, how to utilize the waste heat of cupola flue gas is a direction of continuous exploration in the industry.

[0003] In the prior art, because the air blown by the blower needs to be preheated during the operation of the cupola to avoid large temperature differences affecting the temperature inside the furnace, thereby causing poor nucleation ability of the molten iron in the furnace, when utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, the flue gas and blast (oxygen-rich gas) are often exchanged through heat exchange components to reduce the energy consumption required for blast preheating of the cupola.

[0004] During long-term use, in order to prevent particles in the flue gas from clogging the heat exchange channel, the heat exchange components need to be disassembled and cleaned regularly. At this time, the flue gas waste heat utilization system is shut down, affecting the normal production efficiency. In addition, the cleaning process is complicated and the amount of dust is large, and the harm to the human body and the factory area cannot be underestimated. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system, in which a scraper automatically pushes and scrapes the inner wall of the cupola flue gas heat exchange channel. There is no need to stop the flue gas heat exchange during the flue gas particle cleaning work, thereby reducing the probability of blockage of the heat exchange channel due to the accumulation of flue gas particles and improving the working efficiency of the cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a flue gas waste heat utilization system of a cupola furnace, comprising a heat exchange cylinder and a dust removal mechanism;

[0007] A spiral heat exchange tube is arranged inside the heat exchange tube, and a spiral heat conduction plate is arranged inside the spiral heat exchange tube. The spiral heat conduction plate divides the internal space of the spiral heat exchange tube into a smoke flow channel located at the top and a blast flow channel located at the bottom. A smoke inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the heat exchange tube, and the lower end of the smoke inlet pipe is connected with the upper end of the smoke flow channel after extending into the heat exchange tube. An air inlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, and one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the upper end of the blast flow channel after extending into the heat exchange tube. A smoke outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, and one end of the smoke outlet pipe is connected with the lower end of the smoke flow channel after extending into the heat exchange tube. An air outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange tube, and the upper end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the lower end of the blast flow channel after extending into the heat exchange tube.

[0008] The dust removal mechanism is arranged inside the heat exchange tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism includes a support tube, a slip ring, a rotating plate, a sliding column, a scraper and a rotating column. The support tube is arranged between the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange tube. Both ends of the support tube are sealed with blind plates. The outer wall of the support tube is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner side of the spiral heat exchange tube. The inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube is provided with a scraper entry hole. The scraper entry hole is spiral. The outer wall of the support tube is provided with a spiral hole connected to the scraper entry hole. The rotating column is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange tube through a rotating shaft. The rotating column is polygonal. A polygonal hole matched with the rotating column is arranged on the side, and the slip ring slides up and down on the outside of the rotating column without relative rotation. The slip ring and the rotating column are both located inside the support tube. A rotating plate is arranged on the outer arc surface of the slip ring. Multiple sliding columns are slidably connected inside the rotating plate. Scrapers are respectively arranged at both ends of the sliding column. The rotating plate and the two scrapers are both located in the flue gas flow channel. When the rotating column rotates, the slip ring moves up and down along the outside of the rotating column, and is limited by the scraper and the flue gas flow channel. The slip ring rotates at the same angle as the rotating column, and the scraper cleans the accumulated ash in the flue gas flow channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism also includes a plurality of springs, which are respectively arranged between the scraper and the rotating plate, and the springs are respectively movably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column.

[0011] Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism also includes a horizontal shell and a dust hopper. The horizontal shell is arranged at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube. The space formed by the upper surface of the spiral heat conduction plate and the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube is connected to the horizontal shell. A dust hopper is provided at the ash outlet on the lower surface of the horizontal shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the ends of the smoke outlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both provided with fans.

[0013] Furthermore, a motor is provided on the lower surface of the heat exchange cylinder, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column.

[0014] Furthermore, a support leg is provided at the lower end of the heat exchange cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a plug is threadedly connected to the lower end of the dust hopper.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. When in use, the flue gas generated by the cupola enters the upper end of the spiral heat exchange tube through the flue gas inlet pipe. At the same time, the blast used for the cupola enters the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube through the air inlet pipe. The heat conduction of the spiral heat conduction plate enables heat exchange between the flue gas and the blast, thereby reducing the heat consumed by the cupola to preheat the blast and utilizing the waste heat in the flue gas discharged from the cupola. During use, start the motor to drive the scraper to rotate, and push and scrape the flue gas particles attached to the inner wall of the flue gas circulation space. The scraper is automatically used to push and scrape the inner wall of the cupola flue gas heat exchange channel, thereby reducing the probability of blockage of the heat exchange channel due to the accumulation of flue gas particles, increasing the time spent on cleaning flue gas particles, and improving the working efficiency of the cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system.

[0018] 2. During the movement of the scraper, when the scraper moves up, it contacts the top wall of the heat exchange channel, and the flue gas can flow from the bottom of the scraper. When the scraper moves down, it contacts the bottom wall of the flue gas heat exchange channel, and the flue gas can flow from the top of the scraper. The scraped flue gas particles will move downward with the scraper. When the flue gas particles enter the horizontal shell, as the scraper rotates horizontally in the horizontal shell, the flue gas particles will be pushed into the dust hopper. The work of the scraper will not block the circulation of the flue gas. There is no need to stop the heat exchange of the flue gas during the flue gas particle cleaning work, which reduces the time wasted in the flue gas particle cleaning and facilitates the use of the cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the heat exchange tube of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front cross-section of the overall device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of location A of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal shell of the present invention from the rear view.

[0024] In the figure: 1 heat exchange cylinder, 2 flue gas inlet pipe, 3 connecting cover, 4 air inlet pipe, 5 flue gas outlet pipe, 6 air outlet pipe, 7 spiral heat exchange tube, 8 spiral heat conduction plate, 9 dust removal mechanism, 91 support pipe, 92 slip ring, 93 rotating plate, 94 sliding column, 95 spring, 96 scraper, 97 horizontal shell, 98 dust hopper, 99 rotating column, 10 control module, 11 fan, 12 motor, 13 support leg, 14 plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-5 , This embodiment provides a technical solution: a flue gas waste heat utilization system of a cupola, comprising a heat exchange cylinder 1 and a dust removal mechanism 9;

[0027] The heat exchange tube 1 is provided with a spiral heat exchange tube 7, and a spiral heat conduction plate 8 is provided in the middle of the spiral heat exchange tube 7. The spiral heat conduction plate 8 divides the space inside the spiral heat exchange tube 7 into a flue gas flow channel located at the top and a blast flow channel located at the bottom. A flue gas inlet pipe 2 is provided at the top of the heat exchange tube 1. A connecting cover 3 is provided at the upper end of the flue gas inlet pipe 2. The connecting cover 3 is connected to the exhaust pipe of the cupola. The lower end of the flue gas inlet pipe 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas flow channel in the spiral heat exchange tube 7. The upper outer portion of the heat exchange tube 1 An air inlet pipe 4 is provided, one end of which is extended into the heat exchange tube 1 and connected with the heat exchange gas outlet of the blast flow channel in the spiral heat exchange tube 7, so as to introduce the blast of the cupola into the blast flow channel. A smoke outlet pipe 5 is provided at the lower outer part of the heat exchange tube 1, and the smoke outlet pipe 5 is connected with the smoke outlet of the smoke flow channel in the spiral heat exchange tube 7, so as to facilitate the discharge of the smoke after the heat exchange. An air outlet pipe 6 is provided at the lower end of the heat exchange tube 1, and the air outlet pipe 6 is connected with the heat exchange gas outlet of the blast flow channel in the spiral heat exchange tube 7, so as to facilitate the discharge of the blast after the heat exchange.

[0028] A control module 10 is also installed on the outside of the heat exchange cylinder 1. The control module 10 is connected to an external power supply to control the start and stop of the electrical components of the entire device. The ends of the smoke outlet pipe 5 and the gas outlet pipe 6 are both provided with a fan 11. The signal controlled end of the fan 11 is electrically connected to the signal control end of the control module 10 to provide boosting power for the flow of air. The lower end of the heat exchange cylinder 1 is provided with a support leg 13 to provide support for the entire device.

[0029] The dust removal mechanism 9 is arranged inside the heat exchange tube 1 , and includes a support tube 91 , a sliding ring 92 , a rotating plate 93 , a sliding column 94 , a scraper 96 and a rotating column 99 .

[0030] The support tube 91 is arranged between the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange tube 1, and sealing plates are arranged at both ends of the support tube 91. The outer side of the support tube 91 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner side of the spiral heat exchange tube 7. The inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7 is provided with a scraper entry hole, that is, the scraper entry hole is a spiral structure, and the scraper entry hole is located on one side of the flue gas flow channel. The outer wall of the support tube 91 is provided with a spiral hole connected to the scraper entry hole.

[0031] The rotating column 99 is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange tube 1 through a rotating shaft, and the outer side of the rotating column 99 is slidably connected with a slip ring 92. Specifically, the cross-section of the rotating column 99 is hexagonal, and a hexagonal hole is arranged in the slip ring 92. The slip ring 92 and the rotating column 99 are both located inside the support tube 91. The outer side of the slip ring 92 is rotatably connected with a rotating plate 93, and the rotating plate 93 penetrates the scraper entry hole and the spiral hole and then extends into the flue gas flow channel. A plurality of sliding columns 94 are slidably connected to the rotating plate 93, and a scraper 96 is respectively arranged at both ends of the sliding column 94. Specifically, the same end of a plurality of sliding columns 94 is connected to a scraper 96, and the scraper 96 is located in the flue gas flow channel. When the rotating column 99 rotates, there is no relative rotation between the slip ring 92 and the rotating column 99, and the slip ring 92 can only move up and down on the outside of the rotating column 99, so that the rotating plate 93 and the scraper 96 can adaptively spirally move in the flue gas flow channel. When the scraper 96 moves downward, the scraper 96 on the upper side is close to the top wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7, and the dust attached to the top wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7 is cleaned. Similarly, when the scraper 96 moves upward, the scraper 96 on the lower side is close to the upper surface of the spiral heat conduction plate 8, and the dust attached to the spiral heat conduction plate 8 is cleaned to avoid blockage caused by the accumulation of flue gas particles. Since the scraper 96 and the rotating plate are connected by the sliding column, when the scraper 96 on one side is cleaned, a flue gas circulation gap is formed on the other side. Therefore, dust cleaning can be carried out without stopping the machine when heat exchange occurs, and it is also convenient to use the power of the flue gas to drive the smoke dust particles to slide down.

[0032] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust removal mechanism 9 also includes a spring 95, which is respectively arranged between the scraper 96 and the rotating plate 93, and the spring 95 is respectively movably sleeved on the outer arc surface of the sliding column 94. During the up and down movement of the scraper 96, the scraper 96 is tightly fitted with the top wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7 or the upper surface of the spiral heat conduction plate 8 under the elastic force of the spring 95, thereby improving the scraping effect. The dust removal mechanism 9 also includes a horizontal shell 97 and a dust hopper 98. The horizontal shell 97 is arranged at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube 7, and the space formed by the upper surface of the spiral heat conduction plate 8 and the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7 is connected to the horizontal shell 97. The middle part of the horizontal shell 97 is connected to the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 7. A horizontal rotating groove connected to the support tube 91 is provided, and a dust hopper 98 is provided at the ash outlet on the lower surface of the horizontal shell 97. When the flue gas particles are scraped into the interior of the horizontal shell 97 by the scraper 96, as the scraper 96 rotates horizontally in the horizontal shell 97, the flue gas particles are pushed into the dust hopper 98, which is convenient for collecting the flue gas particles. A motor 12 is provided on the lower surface of the heat exchange cylinder 1, and the output shaft of the motor 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column 99. The input end of the motor 12 is electrically connected to the output end of the control module 10 to provide power for the rotation of the rotating column 99. The lower end of the dust hopper 98 is threadedly connected with a plug 14 to seal the lower end of the dust hopper 98.

[0033] The working principle of the cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0034] Under normal conditions: the scraper 96 is located at the upper end of the smoke flow channel and on one side of the smoke inlet pipe 2, or at the lower end of the smoke flow channel and on one side of the smoke outlet pipe 5, and does not affect the flow of smoke in the smoke flow channel.

[0035] Heat exchange principle: the connection cover 3 is installed at the smoke outlet of the cupola, the control module 10 starts the fan 11 to start operation, under the action of the fan 11, the cupola smoke enters the smoke flow channel through the smoke inlet pipe 2 and is discharged from the smoke outlet pipe 5, at the same time, the blast enters the blast flow channel through the air inlet pipe 4 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 6, the high-temperature smoke passes through the spiral heat conduction plate 8 to heat the blast, saving the energy consumed in the additional preheating of the blast.

[0036] Principle of dust removal: start the motor 12, and the output shaft of the motor 12 drives the rotating column 99 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the slip ring 92 moves up and down along the rotating column 99 without rotating relative to each other, so that the slip ring 92 drives the rotating plate 93 and the scraper 96 to remove the dust in the flue gas flow channel, thereby avoiding the probability of blockage of the heat exchange channel due to the accumulation of flue gas particles, and reducing the influence of the adhesion of flue gas particles on the heat exchange effect. The scraped flue gas particles will move downward with the scraper 96, and the flowing flue gas will assist the flue gas particles to slide downward, thereby accelerating the efficiency of the flue gas particles entering the horizontal shell 97. As the scraper 96 rotates horizontally in the horizontal shell 97, the flue gas particles are pushed into the dust hopper 98, and the plug 14 is removed regularly to clean the flue gas particles inside the dust hopper 98.

[0037] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchange cylinder (1) and a dust removal mechanism (9); A spiral heat exchange tube (7) is provided inside the heat exchange tube (1), and a spiral heat conduction plate (8) is provided inside the spiral heat exchange tube (7). The spiral heat conduction plate (8) divides the internal space of the spiral heat exchange tube (7) into a smoke flow channel located at the top and a blast flow channel located at the bottom. A smoke inlet pipe (2) is provided at the top of the heat exchange tube (1). The lower end of the smoke inlet pipe (2) extends into the heat exchange tube and is connected to the upper end of the smoke flow channel. An air inlet pipe (4) is provided at the upper part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (1). One end of the air inlet pipe (4) extends into the heat exchange tube and is connected to the upper end of the blast flow channel. A smoke outlet pipe (5) is provided at the lower part of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (1). One end of the smoke outlet pipe (5) extends into the heat exchange tube and is connected to the lower end of the smoke flow channel. An air outlet pipe (6) is provided at the bottom end of the heat exchange tube (1). The upper end of the air outlet pipe (6) extends into the heat exchange tube and is connected to the lower end of the blast flow channel. The dust removal mechanism (9) is arranged inside the heat exchange tube (1), and the dust removal mechanism (9) comprises a support tube (91), a slip ring (92), a rotating plate (93), a sliding column (94), a scraper (96) and a rotating column (99). The support tube (91) is arranged between the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange tube (1), and both ends of the support tube (91) are sealed with blind plates. The outer wall of the support tube (91) is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner side of the spiral heat exchange tube (7). The inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube (7) is provided with a scraper entry hole, and the scraper entry hole is spiral-shaped. The outer wall of the support tube (91) is provided with a spiral hole connected to the scraper entry hole. The rotating column (99) is polygonal. A polygonal hole matching the rotating column (99) is provided on the inner side of the slip ring (92). The rotating column (99) is rotatably connected to the heat exchange tube (7) via a rotating shaft. Between the upper and lower inner walls of the cylinder (1), a slip ring (92) slides up and down on the outside of a rotating column (99) and the two components do not rotate relative to each other. The slip ring (92) and the rotating column (99) are both located inside the support tube (91). A rotating plate (93) is provided on the outer arc surface of the slip ring (92). A plurality of sliding columns (94) are slidably connected inside the rotating plate (93). Scrapers (96) are respectively provided at both ends of the sliding columns (94). The rotating plate (93) and the two scrapers (96) are both located in the smoke flow channel. When the rotating column (99) rotates, under the restraining action of the scrapers (96) and the smoke flow channel, the slip ring (92) moves up and down along the outside of the rotating column (99), and the slip ring (92) rotates at the same angle as the rotating column (99). The scrapers (96) clean the accumulated dust in the smoke flow channel.

2. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism (9) further comprises a plurality of springs (95), wherein the springs (95) are respectively arranged between the scraper (96) and the rotating plate (93), and the springs (95) are respectively movably sleeved on the outer sides of the sliding columns (94).

3. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism (9) further comprises a horizontal shell (97) and a dust hopper (98); the horizontal shell (97) is arranged at the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube (7); the space formed by the upper surface of the spiral heat conduction plate (8) and the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube (7) is connected to the horizontal shell (97); and the dust hopper (98) is provided at the dust outlet of the lower surface of the horizontal shell (97).

4. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the dust hopper (98) is threadedly connected to a plug (14).

5. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fans (11) are provided at the ends of the smoke outlet pipe (5) and the gas outlet pipe (6).

6. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (12) is provided on the lower surface of the heat exchange cylinder (1), and an output shaft of the motor (12) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column (99).

7. The cupola flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support leg (13) is provided at the lower end of the heat exchange cylinder (1).

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