Suspension bridge structure

Abstract

The application relates to a suspension bridge structure and belongs to the technical field of suspension bridges. The upper cross beam is arranged above each lower cross beam in a one-to-one correspondence, the two ends of the upper cross beam are connected with the suspension connectors in a one-to-one correspondence, the lower part of the upper cross beam is fixedly provided with a liquid pipe extending along the length direction of the upper cross beam, the two ends of the liquid pipe are closed structures, the lower part of the liquid pipe is uniformly and interval arranged with a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods along the length direction of the liquid pipe, the hydraulic telescopic rod comprises a cylinder and a piston rod, the upper end of the cylinder is fixedly connected with the liquid pipe and is communicated, the upper end of the piston rod is arranged in the cylinder and is connected with a piston matched with the inner wall of the cylinder, the lower end of the piston rod extends out of the lower end of the cylinder and is connected with a cable clamp, a plurality of main cables are uniformly and interval arranged along the width direction of the suspension bridge, and the main cables are connected with the cable clamp in a one-to-one correspondence; and the liquid pipe and the upper part region of the cylinder are filled with incompressible liquid. The application can reduce the excavation engineering quantity of the suspension bridge anchorage and reduce the construction difficulty of the main cable of the suspension bridge.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a suspension bridge structure, belonging to the technical field of suspension bridges. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the functional requirements of survey, investigation or patrol, it is often necessary to build a pedestrian suspension bridge in a mountain valley. The existing suspension bridge often uses two main cables as the main force member, and anchors the main cable on the anchorage after crossing the main tower. A suspender is arranged on the main cable, and a cross beam is connected below the suspender, and a bridge deck is arranged on the cross beam. The anchorage can generally use a tunnel anchor or a gravity anchor. The characteristics of the bridge site in the valley are often steep terrain, good geological conditions, dense vegetation and high fire prevention requirements. Under such conditions, the existing technology has the following disadvantages: 1. The traditional anchorage type has a lot of stone excavation, which requires the use of explosives for blasting, but the approval and process requirements of explosives blasting are high, and the construction period is long; 2. When two main cables are used, the diameter of the main cable is large, and the cable erecting process requirement is high.

[0003] CN112663476A discloses a towerless suspension bridge and its construction scheme suitable for wide and deep canyons. The towerless suspension bridge includes inclined shafts, anchorage structures, main cables, main beams, and suspension cables. The main beams are erected across the canyon. Inclined shafts are located on both sides of the tunnel entrance, with two inclined shafts at each tunnel entrance. Anchorage devices are integrated with the inclined shafts and fixed to the front ends of the inclined shafts. Two main cables are connected to corresponding anchorage structures at both ends of the canyon. One end of each suspension cable is connected to the main cable, and the other end is vertically connected to the main beam for suspending the main beam. The inclined shafts are angled downwards to the plane of the tunnel surface, with the ends of the inclined shafts perpendicular to the tunnel and parallel to the tunnel. The shaft is interconnected, and the main beam is constructed using concrete, steel, or a steel-concrete composite structure. The main cable and suspenders are made of high-strength steel strand. The anchoring structure includes a main cable saddle, a distribution cable saddle, cables, an anchor body, and a cable-fixing device. The main cable saddle is located at the front end of the anchoring structure to change the direction of force on the main cable, allowing it to extend axially along the inclined shaft. A support pier is located below the main cable saddle for fixing it. After passing the main cable saddle, the main cable connects to the distribution cable saddle. One end of the distribution cable saddle connects to the main cable, and the other end connects to multiple cables. The cable-fixing device includes a connecting section and an anchoring section. The connecting section connects and fixes the cables, while the anchoring section is fixed within the anchor body. The main cable saddle is primarily used to change the direction of force on the main cable, shifting the force radially along the inclined shaft. The distribution cable saddle distributes the main cable into multiple cables, each connected to the cable-fixing device and anchored into the anchor body, providing tensile support for the main cable's erection. Although the above scheme nominally eliminates the main tower, it actually reduces the height of the main tower and places it in an inclined shaft (i.e., the tunnel for conventional tunnel anchors), with the abutments essentially serving as the main tower. Since the abutments are located inside the tunnel (inclined shaft), this significantly increases the difficulty of foundation excavation, requiring excavation within the tunnel itself, hindering the use of machinery, and increasing construction complexity. Furthermore, the scheme uses only two main cables, resulting in high tension on each cable and significant concentrated forces at the cable saddles and main cable saddles, necessitating the construction of large-volume structures to resist these concentrated forces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a suspension bridge structure that can reduce the amount of anchorage excavation work and reduce the difficulty of main cable construction.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a suspension bridge structure, including a main cable, a main cable anchoring device, and lower crossbeams. The main cable anchoring device is located at both ends of the canyon, and both ends of the main cable are respectively connected to the main cable anchoring device. Multiple lower crossbeams are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the suspension bridge, and each lower crossbeam extends along the width direction of the suspension bridge. A bridge deck structure is provided on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam. Suspension connectors are provided at both ends of each lower crossbeam, and an upper crossbeam is correspondingly provided directly above each lower crossbeam. The two ends of the upper crossbeam are connected to the suspension connectors one by one. A suspension connector is fixedly provided at the lower part of the upper crossbeam. A liquid pipe extends along its length, with closed ends. Multiple hydraulic telescopic rods are evenly spaced along the lower part of the liquid pipe, their axes vertically aligned. Each hydraulic telescopic rod includes a cylinder and a piston rod. The upper end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to and communicates with the liquid pipe. The upper end of the piston rod is located inside the cylinder and connected to a piston adapted to the inner wall of the cylinder. The lower end of the piston rod extends from the lower end of the cylinder and is connected to a cable clamp. Multiple main cables are evenly spaced along the width of the suspension bridge, each cable connected to a corresponding cable clamp. The liquid pipe and the upper region of the cylinder are filled with incompressible liquid.

[0006] A further preferred option is that the suspension connector is a rod, and the lower end of the rod is connected to the lower crossbeam through a hinge structure.

[0007] A further preferred option is that the cable clamp is equipped with limiting baffles on both sides, and the upper end of the limiting baffles is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper crossbeam.

[0008] A further preferred option is that the main cable anchoring device is an anchor cable anchored to the mountain.

[0009] A further preferred option is to set up bridge abutments at both ends of the canyon, with the abutments connected to the bridge deck structure.

[0010] A further preferred option is to install wind cable anchors at both ends of the canyon, with at least a portion of the lower crossbeams connected to the wind cable anchors at both ends via wind-resistant cables.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention transforms the traditional two main cables into multiple main cables evenly spaced along the width of the suspension bridge, reducing the diameter of the main cables. Simultaneously, each main cable is anchored using anchor cables, eliminating the need for bridge towers. When the states of the main cables are uniform, the pressure transmitted to the incompressible liquid by the pistons of each main cable is equal, and the positions of the pistons remain stable. When a deviation occurs in a certain main cable, the pressure exerted on the incompressible liquid by that main cable through the piston changes (increasing or decreasing). After the incompressible liquid bears the pressure of the piston, the pressure at each point in the liquid changes numerically, causing the piston corresponding to the main cable without deviation to displace in the opposite direction to the piston with deviation. Ultimately, this results in equal forces on the pistons corresponding to each main cable, thereby achieving coordinated force distribution among the main cables. The "elimination of bridge tower structure" in this invention involves dispersing the two large-diameter main cables into multiple small-diameter main cables arranged at intervals. This results in less stress at the saddle positions of the main cables. Simple pulleys can be installed on the slope at the saddle positions, or the surface can be leveled with high-grade concrete. There is no need to set up piers or main towers, which can reduce the amount of rock excavation for anchorage, reduce the difficulty of main cable construction, and ensure that the main cables are evenly stressed. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure during the implementation of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure during the implementation of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure.

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure.

[0016] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Main cable, 2. Mountain body, 3. Lower crossbeam, 4. Bridge deck structure, 5. Upper crossbeam, 6. Suspension connector, 7. Liquid pipe, 8. Cylinder, 9. Piston rod, 10. Cable clamp, 11. Anchor cable, 12. Bridge abutment, 13. Wind cable anchor, 14. Wind-resistant cable, 15. Guardrail, 16. Limiting baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention includes a main cable 1, a main cable anchoring device, and a lower crossbeam 3. The main cable anchoring device is located at both ends of the canyon. Both ends of the main cable 1 are connected to the main cable anchoring device. Multiple lower crossbeams 3 are arranged at intervals along the length of the suspension bridge. Each lower crossbeam 3 extends along the width of the suspension bridge. A bridge deck structure 4 is provided on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam 3. Suspension connectors 6 are provided at both ends of each lower crossbeam 3. An upper crossbeam 5 is correspondingly provided above each lower crossbeam 3. The two ends of the upper crossbeam 5 are connected to the suspension connectors 6 one-to-one. A liquid pipe 7 extending along the length of the upper crossbeam 5 is fixedly provided at the lower part of the upper crossbeam 5. The two ends of the liquid pipe 7 are closed structures. Multiple hydraulic telescopic rods are evenly spaced along the length of the lower part of the liquid pipe 7. The axes of the hydraulic telescopic rods are vertically oriented. Each hydraulic telescopic rod includes a cylinder 8 and a piston rod 9. The upper end of the cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the liquid pipe 7. The upper end of the piston rod 9 is located inside the cylinder 8 and connected to a piston adapted to the inner wall of the cylinder 8. The lower end of the piston rod 9 extends from the lower end of the cylinder 8 and is connected to a cable clamp 10. Multiple main cables 1 are evenly spaced along the width of the suspension bridge, and each main cable 1 is connected to a corresponding cable clamp 10. The liquid pipe 7 and the upper region of the cylinder 8 are filled with incompressible liquid. The upper crossbeam 5, liquid pipe 7, cylinder 8, piston rod 9, cable clamp 10, and other components can be pre-assembled into a whole at the factory. The liquid pipe 7 and the upper region of the cylinder 8 are filled with incompressible liquid at a predetermined pressure. "Incompressible liquid" is a common term in this field, referring to a liquid whose density changes negligibly with changes in pressure or temperature. When the states of each main cable 1 are identical, the pressure transmitted to the incompressible liquid by each main cable 1 through the piston is equal, and the positions of each piston remain stable. When a deviation occurs in a certain main cable 1, the pressure exerted on the incompressible liquid by that main cable 1 through the piston changes (increasing or decreasing). After the incompressible liquid bears the pressure of the piston, the pressure at each point in the liquid changes numerically, causing the piston corresponding to the main cable 1 that has not deviated to displace in the opposite direction to the piston of the deviated cable. Ultimately, this results in equal force on the pistons corresponding to each main cable 1, thereby achieving coordinated force distribution among the main cables 1 and ensuring balanced force distribution. The main cable anchoring device can be reasonably designed according to the specific terrain conditions. Typically, anchor cables 11 anchored to the mountain 2 can be used. After setting simple pulleys on the slope at the saddle position or leveling the surface with high-grade concrete, the main cable 1 is pre-tensioned to the designed sag, and then the main cable 1 can be directly erected and connected to the anchor cables 11 on both banks. This invention can reduce the amount of rock excavation for anchorage and reduce the difficulty of main cable construction.

[0019] To ensure a simple and reliable structure, the suspension connector 6 in this invention is a suspension rod, and the lower end of the suspension rod is connected to the lower crossbeam 3 through a hinge structure.

[0020] To make the structure more reliable, limiting baffles 16 are provided on both sides of the cable clamp 10, and the upper end of the limiting baffle 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper crossbeam 5. The limiting baffles 16 limit the cable clamp 10, restricting its movement in the width direction of the bridge and ensuring that it can only move up and down with the piston rod 9.

[0021] The bridge deck structure 4 can be arranged in a conventional manner, generally including the bridge deck and railings 15. To facilitate the arrangement of the bridge deck structure 4, bridge abutments 12 are set at both ends of the canyon, and the bridge abutments 12 are connected to both ends of the bridge deck structure 4.

[0022] To make the structure more reliable, wind cable anchors 13 are installed at both ends of the canyon, and at least part of the lower crossbeam 3 is connected to the wind cable anchors 13 at both ends by wind-resistant cables 14.

[0023] In practical implementation, the present invention can be constructed according to the following steps:

[0024] 1. Based on the number of main cables 1 designed, anchor cables 11 are evenly arranged on both banks at the bridge site, and the anchor cables 11 are constructed according to conventional procedures.

[0025] 2. Pre-tension the steel wire rope of the main cable 1; erect the main cable 1 and connect it to the anchor cables 11 on both banks;

[0026] 3. The components such as the upper crossbeam 5, liquid pipe 7, cylinder 8, piston rod 9, and cable clamp 10 are all custom-made in the factory and pre-assembled into a whole; among them, the liquid pipe 7 should be filled with an incompressible liquid at a certain pressure according to the stress requirements;

[0027] 4. Install the upper crossbeam 5 on the main cable 1 and connect it to the main cable 1 with the cable clamp 10;

[0028] V. Installation of hangers and lower crossbeams 3, wind-resistant cables 14, bridge deck structure 4.

Claims

1. A suspension bridge structure, comprising a main cable (1), a main cable anchoring device, and a lower crossbeam (3), wherein the main cable anchoring device is located at both ends of a canyon, and both ends of the main cable (1) are respectively connected to the main cable anchoring device; multiple lower crossbeams (3) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the suspension bridge, and each lower crossbeam (3) extends along the width direction of the suspension bridge; a bridge deck structure (4) is provided on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam (3); and suspension connectors (6) are provided at both ends of each lower crossbeam (3), characterized in that: Above each lower crossbeam (3) is a corresponding upper crossbeam (5). The two ends of the upper crossbeam (5) are connected to the suspension connectors (6) one-to-one. A liquid pipe (7) extending along the length of the upper crossbeam (5) is fixedly installed at the lower part of the upper crossbeam (5). Both ends of the liquid pipe (7) are closed structures. Multiple hydraulic telescopic rods are evenly spaced along the length of the lower part of the liquid pipe (7). The axis of the hydraulic telescopic rod is vertically oriented. The hydraulic telescopic rod includes a cylinder (8) and a piston rod (9). The upper end of the piston rod (8) is fixedly connected to the liquid pipe (7) and is in communication with it. The upper end of the piston rod (9) is located inside the cylinder (8) and connected to a piston that is compatible with the inner wall of the cylinder (8). The lower end of the piston rod (9) extends out from the lower end of the cylinder (8) and is connected to a cable clamp (10). Multiple main cables (1) are evenly spaced along the width direction of the suspension bridge. The main cables (1) are connected to the cable clamps (10) one by one. The liquid pipe (7) and the upper area of ​​the cylinder (8) are filled with incompressible liquid.

2. A suspension bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension connector (6) is a rod, and the lower end of the rod is connected to the lower crossbeam (3) through a hinge structure.

3. A suspension bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting baffles (16) are provided on both sides of the cable clamp (10), and the upper end of the limiting baffles (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper crossbeam (5).

4. A suspension bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main cable anchoring device is an anchor cable (11) anchored to the mountain (2).

5. A suspension bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Bridge abutments (12) are set at both ends of the canyon, and the bridge abutments (12) are connected to the bridge deck structure (4).

6. A suspension bridge structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Wind cable anchors (13) are installed at both ends of the canyon, and at least part of the lower crossbeam (3) is connected to the wind cable anchors (13) at both ends by wind-resistant cables (14).

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