Battery charging method and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery charging method and a vehicle. The method includes: before or during battery charging, using alternating current to self-heat the battery, and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium; if the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, performing a preset first operation on the battery, and the first operation includes: adjusting the AC parameters of the alternating current for self-heating the battery. The method uses alternating current to self-heat the battery before or during battery charging to avoid using external heating, which causes uneven heating of the battery; and, during the heating process, by determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, and if there is a tendency to deposit lithium, performing a preset first operation on the battery to ensure that the battery is in a non-lithium deposition state, so as not to affect the battery life. Therefore, the method realizes raising the temperature of the battery by self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, so as to lay a foundation for using an increased safe charging rate and for accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery charging, and in particular, to a battery charging method and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Within a certain temperature range, as the temperature rises, the available safe charging rate of the battery increases. Therefore, the safe charging rate of the battery can be increased by increasing the temperature of the battery to speed up the charging of the battery. In the related art, the method of increasing the battery temperature is mainly external heating. External heating heats the battery by adding additional heating equipment. This heating method is prone to uneven heating. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a battery charging method and a vehicle.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery charging method, the method comprising:

[0005] Before or during charging of the battery, using alternating current to self-heat the battery and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0006] In the case that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery, and the first operation includes: adjusting an alternating current parameter of the alternating current for self-heating the battery.

[0007] Optionally, determining whether the battery has a lithium deposition tendency includes:

[0008] Obtaining the negative electrode potential of the battery;

[0009] When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is less than a preset potential, determining that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0010] When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset potential, it is determined that the battery has no lithium deposition tendency.

[0011] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0012] Obtaining a temperature value of the battery;

[0013] When the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the AC frequency of the AC power is increased and / or the AC amplitude of the AC power is decreased until the temperature value of the battery is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the self-heating the battery by using alternating current includes: self-heating the battery based on preset alternating current parameters, wherein the preset alternating current parameters include a preset alternating current frequency and a preset alternating current amplitude;

[0015] The first operation includes: when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, increasing the preset AC frequency and / or reducing the preset AC amplitude.

[0016] Optionally, the self-heating the battery based on preset AC parameters includes:

[0017] Obtaining a state of charge value of the battery;

[0018] Determine a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value according to a first corresponding relationship, wherein the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​calibrated when the battery does not undergo lithium deposition and the AC parameter;

[0019] The battery is self-heated by using a target alternating current, wherein an alternating current parameter of the target alternating current is equal to the preset alternating current parameter.

[0020] Optionally, the first corresponding relationship is established in the following manner:

[0021] determining a plurality of calibrated state-of-charge values;

[0022] For each calibrated SOC value, do the following:

[0023] Using alternating currents with different alternating current parameters to self-heat the battery whose state of charge is equal to the calibrated state of charge value, wherein the alternating current parameters include alternating current frequency and alternating current amplitude;

[0024] Determine the AC parameters that have the highest heating efficiency and do not cause lithium deposition in the battery;

[0025] The determined AC parameter is used as the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value in the first corresponding relationship.

[0026] Optionally, according to the first corresponding relationship, determining a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0027] The AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value having the smallest absolute value of difference with the state of charge value of the battery in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery.

[0028] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0029] Charging the battery with direct current and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0030] Performing the first operation on the battery includes: adjusting an AC parameter of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and / or adjusting a DC parameter of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0031] Optionally, the AC parameters include AC frequency and AC amplitude, the DC parameters include charging rate, and adjusting the AC parameters of the AC power for self-heating the battery and / or adjusting the DC parameters of the DC power for charging the battery includes:

[0032] At least one of increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and reducing the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0033] Optionally, charging the battery using direct current includes:

[0034] Obtaining a state of charge value and a temperature value of the battery;

[0035] At the temperature value, based on a second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value, wherein the second corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​and charging rates calibrated when the temperature of the battery is equal to the corresponding calibration temperature value and the battery does not precipitate lithium;

[0036] The parameters of the direct current used to charge the battery are adjusted to the target charging rate.

[0037] Optionally, the method further includes establishing a second corresponding relationship in the following manner:

[0038] Determining a plurality of calibrated temperature values ​​and a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to each calibrated temperature value;

[0039] For each calibrated state of charge value corresponding to each calibrated temperature value, perform the following operations:

[0040] Using direct current with different charging rates to charge a battery having a temperature equal to the calibrated temperature value and a state of charge equal to the calibrated state of charge value;

[0041] Determine the maximum charge rate that does not cause lithium deposition in the battery;

[0042] The determined maximum charging rate is used as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship.

[0043] Optionally, at the temperature value, based on the second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0044] The target charging rate corresponding to the maximum calibrated state of charge value less than the state of charge value among the multiple calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to the maximum calibrated temperature value less than the temperature value in the second corresponding relationship is determined as the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value at the temperature value.

[0045] The present disclosure also provides a vehicle, comprising a controller, wherein the controller is configured to:

[0046] Before or during charging of the battery, controlling the alternating current to self-heat the battery and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0047] In the case that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, a first operation is performed on the battery, the first operation comprising: adjusting an alternating current parameter of an alternating current for self-heating the battery.

[0048] Optionally, the vehicle further comprises: a battery and a detection device, the battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a reference electrode, the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the battery are all connected to the detection device;

[0049] The detection device is used to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery according to the electrical characteristics of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the battery;

[0050] The controller is specifically used to receive the negative electrode potential of the battery, and determine that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery is less than a preset potential; and determine that the battery has no tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset potential.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, before or during charging of the battery, alternating current is used to self-heat the battery, avoiding the use of external heating, which causes uneven heating of the battery; and during the heating process, by determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, and in the case of a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery to ensure that the battery is in a state of no lithium deposition, so as not to affect the battery life. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure realizes the increase of the battery temperature through self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, so as to lay a foundation for adopting an increased safe charging rate and accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

[0052] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of a battery charging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0058] It should be noted that all actions of acquiring signals, information or data in the present disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the device is located and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0059] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery charging method. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a battery charging method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0060] Step S11, before or during charging of the battery, using alternating current to self-heat the battery, and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium.

[0061] Step S12, when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, performing a preset first operation on the battery, the first operation comprising: adjusting an AC parameter of an AC power for self-heating the battery.

[0062] Through the above technical solution, before or during charging of the battery, alternating current is used to self-heat the battery, avoiding the use of external heating, which causes uneven heating of the battery; and during the heating process, by determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, and in the case of a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery to ensure that the battery is in a state of no lithium deposition, so as not to affect the battery life. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure realizes the increase of the battery temperature through self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, so as to lay a foundation for adopting an increased safe charging rate and accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

[0063] Optionally, in step S11, determining whether the battery has a lithium deposition tendency includes:

[0064] The negative electrode potential of the battery is obtained.

[0065] The negative electrode potential of the battery can be obtained by a three-electrode method, that is, a reference electrode is set in the battery, and the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery (recorded as the first voltage) and the voltage between the positive electrode of the battery and the reference electrode (recorded as the second voltage) are obtained. The voltage difference between the second voltage and the first voltage is equal to the voltage between the negative electrode and the reference electrode (recorded as the third voltage). The negative electrode potential can be obtained according to the third voltage and the potential of the reference electrode. The potential of the reference electrode can be set equal to 0, and the value of the negative electrode potential is equal to the third voltage.

[0066] When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is less than a preset potential, it is determined that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium.

[0067] When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset potential, it is determined that the battery has no lithium deposition tendency.

[0068] The preset potential is the lithium deposition potential of the battery, which may be equal to 0V or close to 0V.

[0069] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure determines whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium by monitoring the potential of the negative electrode of the battery.

[0070] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0071] Acquire the temperature value of the battery.

[0072] When the method is used to charge a vehicle battery, the temperature value of the battery can be obtained through the vehicle's battery management system (BMS). Of course, in some embodiments, an additional temperature sensor can also be provided to obtain the temperature value of the battery through the provided temperature sensor.

[0073] When the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the AC frequency of the AC power is increased and / or the AC amplitude of the AC power is decreased until the temperature value of the battery is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0074] The preset temperature threshold may be set according to the maximum safe operating temperature of the battery, such as 50 degrees Celsius, 60 degrees Celsius, etc., and is not limited here.

[0075] Through the above technical solution, during the entire self-heating process, the temperature value of the battery is acquired in real time, and by increasing the AC frequency of the AC power used for self-heating, or reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power, or increasing the AC frequency of the AC power used for self-heating and reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power, the heating efficiency is reduced so that the temperature value of the battery does not exceed the preset temperature value to avoid damaging the battery.

[0076] Optionally, in step S11, using alternating current to self-heat the battery includes: self-heating the battery based on preset alternating current parameters, wherein the preset alternating current parameters include preset alternating current frequency and preset alternating current amplitude.

[0077] The first operation includes: when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, increasing the preset AC frequency and / or reducing the preset AC amplitude.

[0078] Through the above technical scheme, the preset AC frequency and preset AC amplitude for heating are predetermined, and the preset AC frequency and preset AC amplitude are used to heat the battery during heating, and the lithium deposition of the battery is monitored in real time. When the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, the preset AC frequency for heating is increased, or the preset AC amplitude for heating is reduced, or the preset AC frequency for heating is increased and the preset AC amplitude for heating is reduced, so as to increase the negative electrode potential of the battery, make the negative electrode potential of the battery greater than the lithium deposition potential (preset potential), and prevent the battery from depositing lithium.

[0079] Optionally, the self-heating the battery based on preset AC parameters includes:

[0080] Obtaining a state of charge value of the battery.

[0081] According to the first corresponding relationship, a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value is determined, wherein the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​calibrated when the battery does not undergo lithium deposition and the AC parameter.

[0082] The battery is self-heated by using a target alternating current, wherein an alternating current parameter of the target alternating current is equal to the preset alternating current parameter.

[0083] Through the above technical solution, while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, a first corresponding relationship is calibrated, and the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​and (preset) AC parameters. When the battery is self-heated, the preset AC parameters corresponding to the state of charge values ​​are determined according to the current state of charge values ​​of the battery and the calibrated first corresponding relationship, and the battery is self-heated based on the determined preset AC parameters, thereby achieving self-heating of the battery without causing lithium deposition of the battery.

[0084] In the above technical solution, the first correspondence is only calibrated under the condition that the battery does not deposit lithium, so the AC parameter corresponding to each state of charge value in the first correspondence may not have the best heating effect. Therefore, in order to speed up the heating speed of the battery, the AC parameter with the highest heating efficiency can be obtained as the AC parameter corresponding to each state of charge value under the condition that the battery does not deposit lithium, so as to establish the first correspondence. That is, optionally, the first correspondence is established in the following manner:

[0085] A plurality of nominal state of charge values ​​are determined.

[0086] For each calibrated SOC value, do the following:

[0087] Alternating currents with different alternating current parameters are respectively used to self-heat a battery whose state of charge is equal to the calibrated state of charge value, wherein the alternating current parameters include an alternating current frequency and an alternating current amplitude.

[0088] Determine the AC parameters that have the highest heating efficiency and do not cause lithium deposition in the battery.

[0089] Among them, the method for determining the AC parameters with the highest heating efficiency and without causing lithium deposition in the battery can be to make the initial temperature of the battery used for calibration equal, and obtain the temperature value and negative electrode potential of the battery during the self-heating process of the battery; determine the AC parameters that make the temperature of the battery heat to the preset temperature threshold as quickly as possible and make the negative electrode potential of the battery always greater than the preset potential during the heating process.

[0090] The determined AC parameter is used as the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value in the first corresponding relationship.

[0091] Through the above technical solution, the AC parameter with the highest heating efficiency is obtained as the AC parameter corresponding to each state of charge value while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, so as to establish a first corresponding relationship. When the battery is self-heated according to the first corresponding relationship, the heating efficiency is high and lithium is not deposited.

[0092] Optionally, according to the first corresponding relationship, determining a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0093] The AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value having the smallest absolute value of difference with the state of charge value of the battery in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery.

[0094] Through the above technical solution, the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value that is closest to the (current) state of charge value of the battery (the absolute value of the difference is the smallest) in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery. Therefore, even if the (current) state of charge value of the battery is not equal to any of the calibrated state of charge values ​​in the first corresponding relationship, the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery can still be determined according to the first corresponding relationship.

[0095] The applicant found that in the related art, in order to speed up the charging speed, the battery voltage is generally charged at a high charging rate. In the process of charging the battery voltage at a high charging rate, there is a risk of lithium plating. Lithium plating not only reduces the battery performance, greatly shortens the cycle life, but also may cause catastrophic consequences such as combustion and explosion. Therefore, in order to prevent lithium plating, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure monitors the battery in real time during the process of charging the battery with direct current to determine whether the battery has a tendency to plating lithium, and when it is detected that the battery has a tendency to plating lithium, the battery is immediately subjected to a preset first operation until the battery has no tendency to plating lithium. In addition, while ensuring that the battery does not plating lithium, the charging rate corresponding to each state of charge value at each temperature value is calibrated, and the battery is charged at the corresponding calibrated charging rate according to the battery temperature value and the state of charge value. Since the battery is charged at a charging rate calibrated without plating lithium, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure is unlikely to cause lithium plating in the battery. Furthermore, in order to speed up the charging speed of the battery, during calibration, the maximum charging rate can be obtained as the charging rate corresponding to each state of charge value at each temperature value while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium.

[0096] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0097] Charging the battery with direct current and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0098] Performing the first operation on the battery includes: adjusting an AC parameter of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and / or adjusting a DC parameter of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0099] Through the above technical scheme, before or during the charging of the battery with direct current, the battery is self-heated with alternating current; and during the heating and charging processes, it is necessary to determine whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium; and when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, the AC parameters of the alternating current for self-heating the battery are adjusted, or the DC parameters of the direct current for charging the battery are adjusted, or the AC parameters of the alternating current for self-heating the battery and the DC parameters of the direct current for charging the battery are adjusted, until the battery has no tendency to deposit lithium, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the battery temperature through self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, thereby laying a foundation for adopting an increased safe charging rate and accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

[0100] Optionally, the AC parameters include AC frequency and AC amplitude, the DC parameters include charging rate, and adjusting the AC parameters of the AC power for self-heating the battery and / or adjusting the DC parameters of the DC power for charging the battery includes:

[0101] At least one of increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and reducing the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0102] Through the above technical scheme, by increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery and reducing at least one of the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery, the negative electrode potential of the battery can be increased, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is greater than the lithium deposition potential (preset potential), so that the battery does not deposit lithium.

[0103] Optionally, charging the battery using direct current includes:

[0104] Obtaining the state of charge value and temperature value of the battery.

[0105] At the temperature value, based on the second corresponding relationship, determine the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value, wherein the second corresponding relationship includes the corresponding relationship between multiple state of charge values ​​and charging rates calibrated when the temperature of the battery is equal to the corresponding calibration temperature value and the battery does not undergo lithium deposition.

[0106] The parameters of the direct current used to charge the battery are adjusted to the target charging rate.

[0107] Through the above technical solution, while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, a second corresponding relationship is calibrated, and the second corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​and a charging rate at each temperature value. When charging the battery, the charging rate corresponding to the temperature value and the state of charge value is determined according to the (current) temperature value of the battery, the state of charge value and the calibrated second corresponding relationship, and the battery is charged based on the determined charging rate, thereby achieving charging of the battery without causing lithium deposition of the battery.

[0108] In the above technical solution, the second correspondence is only calibrated under the condition that the battery does not deposit lithium, so the charging rate corresponding to each state of charge value at each temperature value in the second correspondence may not be the fastest charging speed. Therefore, in order to speed up the charging speed of the battery, the maximum charging rate can be obtained as the charging rate corresponding to each state of charge value at each temperature value under the condition that the battery does not deposit lithium, so as to establish the second correspondence. That is, optionally, the method also includes establishing the second correspondence in the following manner:

[0109] Determining a plurality of calibrated temperature values ​​and a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to each calibrated temperature value;

[0110] For each calibrated state of charge value corresponding to each calibrated temperature value, perform the following operations:

[0111] Using direct current with different charging rates to charge a battery having a temperature equal to the calibrated temperature value and a state of charge equal to the calibrated state of charge value;

[0112] Determine the maximum charge rate that does not cause lithium deposition in the battery;

[0113] The determined maximum charging rate is used as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship.

[0114] Through the above technical solution, the maximum charging rate is obtained as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value while ensuring that the battery does not precipitate lithium, so as to establish a second corresponding relationship. When the battery is charged according to the second corresponding relationship, the charging speed is fast and lithium is not precipitated.

[0115] Optionally, at the temperature value, based on the second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0116] The target charging rate corresponding to the maximum calibrated state of charge value less than the state of charge value among the multiple calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to the maximum calibrated temperature value less than the temperature value in the second corresponding relationship is determined as the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value at the temperature value.

[0117] Through the above technical solution, even if the (current) temperature value and state of charge value of the battery are not equal to any calibrated temperature value and calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship, the preset charging rate corresponding to the temperature value and state of charge value of the battery can still be determined according to the second corresponding relationship.

[0118] Based on the above technical concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the vehicle 1 includes a controller 11, and the controller 11 is used to:

[0119] Before or during charging of the battery, controlling the alternating current to self-heat the battery and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0120] In the case that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery. The first operation includes: adjusting an alternating current parameter of an alternating current for self-heating the battery.

[0121] Through the above technical solution, before or during charging of the battery, alternating current is used to self-heat the battery, avoiding the use of external heating, which causes uneven heating of the battery; and during the heating process, by determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, and in the case of a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery to ensure that the battery is in a state of no lithium deposition, so as not to affect the battery life. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure realizes the increase of the battery temperature through self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, so as to lay a foundation for adopting an increased safe charging rate and accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

[0122] Optionally, the vehicle 1 further comprises a detection device 12 and a battery 13. The battery 13 comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a reference electrode. The positive electrode, the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the battery 13 are all connected to the detection device 12.

[0123] The detection device 12 is used to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery 13 according to the electrical characteristics of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the reference electrode of the battery 13 .

[0124] The controller 11 is specifically used to receive the negative electrode potential of the battery 13, and determine that the battery 13 has a tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery 13 is less than a preset potential; and determine that the battery 13 has no tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery 13 is greater than or equal to the preset potential.

[0125] Through the above technical solution, three electrodes are set in the battery 13 of the vehicle 1 to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery 13, and by monitoring the negative electrode potential of the battery 13, it is determined whether the battery 13 has a lithium deposition tendency.

[0126] Optionally, the controller is further configured to:

[0127] Obtaining a temperature value of the battery;

[0128] When the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the AC frequency of the AC power is increased and / or the AC amplitude of the AC power is decreased until the temperature value of the battery is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

[0129] Through the above technical solution, during the entire self-heating process, the temperature value of the battery is acquired in real time, and by increasing the AC frequency of the AC power used for self-heating, or reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power, or increasing the AC frequency of the AC power used for self-heating and reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power, the heating efficiency is reduced so that the temperature value of the battery does not exceed the preset temperature value to avoid damaging the battery.

[0130] Optionally, the self-heating the battery by using alternating current includes: self-heating the battery based on preset alternating current parameters, wherein the preset alternating current parameters include a preset alternating current frequency and a preset alternating current amplitude;

[0131] The controller is also used to: when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, increase the preset AC frequency and / or reduce the preset AC amplitude.

[0132] Through the above technical scheme, the preset AC frequency and preset AC amplitude for heating are predetermined, and the preset AC frequency and preset AC amplitude are used to heat the battery during heating, and the lithium deposition of the battery is monitored in real time. When the battery deposits lithium, the preset AC frequency for heating is increased, or the preset AC amplitude for heating is reduced, or the preset AC frequency for heating is increased and the preset AC amplitude for heating is reduced, so as to increase the negative electrode potential of the battery, make the negative electrode potential of the battery greater than the lithium deposition potential (preset potential), and prevent the battery from depositing lithium.

[0133] Optionally, the self-heating the battery based on preset AC parameters includes:

[0134] Obtaining a state of charge value of the battery;

[0135] Determine a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value according to a first corresponding relationship, wherein the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​calibrated when the battery does not undergo lithium deposition and the AC parameter;

[0136] The battery is self-heated by using a target alternating current, wherein an alternating current parameter of the target alternating current is equal to the preset alternating current parameter.

[0137] Through the above technical solution, while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, a first corresponding relationship is calibrated, and the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​and (preset) AC parameters. When the battery is self-heated, the preset AC parameters corresponding to the state of charge values ​​are determined according to the current state of charge values ​​of the battery and the calibrated first corresponding relationship, and the battery is self-heated based on the determined preset AC parameters, thereby achieving self-heating of the battery without causing lithium deposition of the battery.

[0138] Optionally, the controller is further configured to establish the first corresponding relationship in the following manner:

[0139] determining a plurality of calibrated state-of-charge values;

[0140] For each calibrated SOC value, do the following:

[0141] Using alternating currents with different alternating current parameters to self-heat the battery whose state of charge is equal to the calibrated state of charge value, wherein the alternating current parameters include alternating current frequency and alternating current amplitude;

[0142] Determine the AC parameters that have the highest heating efficiency and do not cause lithium deposition in the battery;

[0143] The determined AC parameter is used as the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value in the first corresponding relationship.

[0144] Through the above technical solution, the AC parameter with the highest heating efficiency is obtained as the AC parameter corresponding to each state of charge value while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, so as to establish a first corresponding relationship. When the battery is self-heated according to the first corresponding relationship, the heating efficiency is high and lithium is not deposited.

[0145] Optionally, according to the first corresponding relationship, determining a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0146] The AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value having the smallest absolute value of difference with the state of charge value of the battery in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery.

[0147] Through the above technical solution, the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value that is closest to the (current) state of charge value of the battery (the absolute value of the difference is the smallest) in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery. Therefore, even if the (current) state of charge value of the battery is not equal to any of the calibrated state of charge values ​​in the first corresponding relationship, the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery can still be determined according to the first corresponding relationship.

[0148] Optionally, the controller is further configured to:

[0149] Charging the battery with direct current and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium;

[0150] Performing the first operation on the battery includes: adjusting an AC parameter of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and / or adjusting a DC parameter of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0151] Through the above technical scheme, before or during the charging of the battery with direct current, the battery is self-heated with alternating current; and during the heating and charging processes, it is necessary to determine whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium; and in the case of lithium deposition in the battery, the AC parameters of the alternating current for self-heating the battery are adjusted, or the DC parameters of the direct current for charging the battery are adjusted, or the AC parameters of the alternating current for self-heating the battery and the DC parameters of the direct current for charging the battery are adjusted, until the battery has no tendency to deposit lithium, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the battery temperature through self-heating to increase the safe charging rate of the battery, so as to lay a foundation for adopting an increased safe charging rate and accelerating the charging speed of the battery.

[0152] Optionally, the AC parameters include AC frequency and AC amplitude, the DC parameters include charging rate, and adjusting the AC parameters of the AC power for self-heating the battery and / or adjusting the DC parameters of the DC power for charging the battery includes:

[0153] At least one of increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and reducing the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery.

[0154] Through the above technical scheme, by increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery and reducing at least one of the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery, the negative electrode potential of the battery can be increased, so that the negative electrode potential of the battery is greater than the lithium deposition potential (preset potential), so that the battery does not deposit lithium.

[0155] Optionally, charging the battery using direct current includes:

[0156] Obtaining a state of charge value and a temperature value of the battery;

[0157] At the temperature value, based on a second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value, wherein the second corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​and charging rates calibrated when the temperature of the battery is equal to the corresponding calibration temperature value and the battery does not precipitate lithium;

[0158] The parameters of the direct current used to charge the battery are adjusted to the target charging rate.

[0159] Through the above technical solution, while ensuring that the battery does not deposit lithium, a second corresponding relationship is calibrated, and the second corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​and a charging rate at each temperature value. When charging the battery, the charging rate corresponding to the temperature value and the state of charge value is determined according to the (current) temperature value of the battery, the state of charge value and the calibrated second corresponding relationship, and the battery is charged based on the determined charging rate, thereby achieving charging of the battery without causing lithium deposition of the battery.

[0160] Optionally, the controller is further configured to establish a second corresponding relationship in the following manner:

[0161] Determining a plurality of calibrated temperature values ​​and a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to each calibrated temperature value;

[0162] For each calibrated state of charge value corresponding to each calibrated temperature value, perform the following operations:

[0163] Using direct current with different charging rates to charge a battery having a temperature equal to the calibrated temperature value and a state of charge equal to the calibrated state of charge value;

[0164] Determine the maximum charge rate that does not cause lithium deposition in the battery;

[0165] The determined maximum charging rate is used as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship.

[0166] Through the above technical solution, the maximum charging rate is obtained as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value while ensuring that the battery does not precipitate lithium, so as to establish a second corresponding relationship. When the battery is charged according to the second corresponding relationship, the charging speed is fast and lithium is not precipitated.

[0167] Optionally, at the temperature value, based on the second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value includes:

[0168] The target charging rate corresponding to the maximum calibrated state of charge value less than the state of charge value among the multiple calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to the maximum calibrated temperature value less than the temperature value in the second corresponding relationship is determined as the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value at the temperature value.

[0169] Through the above technical solution, even if the (current) temperature value and state of charge value of the battery are not equal to any calibrated temperature value and calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship, the preset charging rate corresponding to the temperature value and state of charge value of the battery can still be determined according to the second corresponding relationship.

[0170] Regarding the vehicle in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which the controller performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method and will not be elaborated here.

[0171] Figure 3 FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electronic device 700 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 700 may include: a processor 701 and a memory 702. The electronic device 700 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 703, an input / output (I / O) interface 704, and a communication component 705.

[0172] The processor 701 is used to control the overall operation of the electronic device 700 to complete all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned battery charging method. The memory 702 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the electronic device 700, and these data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method used to operate on the electronic device 700, and application-related data, such as contact data, sent and received messages, pictures, audio, video, etc. The memory 702 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The multimedia component 703 may include a screen and an audio component. The screen may be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may be further stored in the memory 702 or sent through the communication component 705. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I / O interface 704 provides an interface between the processor 701 and other interface modules, and the other interface modules may be keyboards, mice, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 705 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 700 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IOT, eMTC, or other 5G, etc., or a combination of one or more of them, is not limited here. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 705 may include: Wi-Fi module, Bluetooth module, NFC module, etc.

[0173] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 700 can be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processors (DSP), digital signal processing devices (DSPD), programmable logic devices (PLD), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components to perform the above-mentioned battery charging method.

[0174] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is also provided, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned battery charging method are implemented. For example, the computer-readable storage medium can be the above-mentioned memory 702 including program instructions, and the above-mentioned program instructions can be executed by the processor 701 of the electronic device 700 to complete the above-mentioned battery charging method.

[0175] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided. The computer program product includes a computer program executable by a programmable device, and the computer program has a code portion for executing the above-mentioned battery charging method when executed by the programmable device.

[0176] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0177] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0178] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery charging method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Before or during charging of the battery, the battery is self-heated based on preset AC parameters, wherein the preset AC parameters include a preset AC frequency and a preset AC amplitude; The self-heating of the battery based on preset AC parameters includes: Obtaining a state of charge value of the battery; Determine a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value according to a first corresponding relationship, wherein the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​calibrated when the battery does not undergo lithium deposition and the AC parameter; The battery is self-heated by using a target alternating current, wherein an alternating current parameter of the target alternating current is equal to the preset alternating current parameter; Determining whether the battery has a tendency to lithium deposition; In the case that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, a preset first operation is performed on the battery, and the first operation includes: adjusting an alternating current parameter of the alternating current for self-heating the battery.

2. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining whether the battery has a lithium deposition tendency includes: Obtaining the negative electrode potential of the battery; When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is less than a preset potential, determining that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium; When the potential of the negative electrode of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset potential, it is determined that the battery has no lithium deposition tendency.

3. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Obtaining a temperature value of the battery; When the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the AC frequency of the AC power is increased and / or the AC amplitude of the AC power is decreased until the temperature value of the battery is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold.

4. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first operation includes: when the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, increasing the preset AC frequency and / or reducing the preset AC amplitude.

5. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first corresponding relationship is established in the following manner: determining a plurality of calibrated state-of-charge values; For each calibrated SOC value, do the following: Using alternating currents with different alternating current parameters to self-heat the battery whose state of charge is equal to the calibrated state of charge value, wherein the alternating current parameters include alternating current frequency and alternating current amplitude; Determine the AC parameters that have the highest heating efficiency and do not cause lithium deposition in the battery; The determined AC parameter is used as the AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value in the first corresponding relationship.

6. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining, according to the first corresponding relationship, a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value includes: The AC parameter corresponding to the calibrated state of charge value having the smallest absolute value of difference with the state of charge value of the battery in the first corresponding relationship is determined as the preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value of the battery.

7. The battery charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Charging the battery with direct current and determining whether the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium; Performing the first operation on the battery includes: adjusting an AC parameter of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and / or adjusting a DC parameter of the DC power for charging the battery.

8. The battery charging method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The AC parameters include AC frequency and AC amplitude, the DC parameters include charging rate, and the adjustment of the AC parameters of the AC power for self-heating the battery and / or the adjustment of the DC parameters of the DC power for charging the battery include: At least one of increasing the AC frequency of the AC power for self-heating the battery, reducing the AC amplitude of the AC power for self-heating the battery, and reducing the charging rate of the DC power for charging the battery.

9. The battery charging method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Charging the battery using direct current includes: Obtaining a state of charge value and a temperature value of the battery; At the temperature value, based on a second corresponding relationship, determining a target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value, wherein the second corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​and charging rates calibrated when the temperature of the battery is equal to the corresponding calibration temperature value and the battery does not precipitate lithium; The parameters of the direct current used to charge the battery are adjusted to the target charging rate.

10. The battery charging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further includes establishing a second corresponding relationship in the following manner: Determining a plurality of calibrated temperature values ​​and a plurality of calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to each calibrated temperature value; For each calibrated state of charge value corresponding to each calibrated temperature value, perform the following operations: Using direct current with different charging rates to charge a battery having a temperature equal to the calibrated temperature value and a state of charge equal to the calibrated state of charge value; Determine the maximum charge rate that does not cause lithium deposition in the battery; The determined maximum charging rate is used as the target charging rate corresponding to the calibrated temperature value and the calibrated state of charge value in the second corresponding relationship.

11. The battery charging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: At the temperature value, based on the second corresponding relationship, determining the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value includes: The target charging rate corresponding to the maximum calibrated state of charge value less than the state of charge value among the multiple calibrated state of charge values ​​corresponding to the maximum calibrated temperature value less than the temperature value in the second corresponding relationship is determined as the target charging rate corresponding to the state of charge value at the temperature value.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: A controller is included, the controller being configured to: Before or during charging of the battery, controlling the battery to self-heat based on preset AC parameters, wherein the preset AC parameters include a preset AC frequency and a preset AC amplitude; The self-heating of the battery based on preset AC parameters includes: Obtaining a state of charge value of the battery; Determine a preset AC parameter corresponding to the state of charge value according to a first corresponding relationship, wherein the first corresponding relationship includes a corresponding relationship between a plurality of state of charge values ​​calibrated when the battery does not undergo lithium deposition and the AC parameter; The battery is self-heated by using a target alternating current, wherein an alternating current parameter of the target alternating current is equal to the preset alternating current parameter; Determining whether the battery has a tendency to lithium deposition; In the case that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium, a first operation is performed on the battery, the first operation comprising: adjusting an alternating current parameter of an alternating current for self-heating the battery.

13. The vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that The vehicle further comprises: a detection device and a battery, wherein the battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a reference electrode, and the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the battery are all connected to the detection device; The detection device is used to obtain the negative electrode potential of the battery according to the electrical characteristics of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the reference electrode of the battery; The controller is specifically used to receive the negative electrode potential of the battery, and determine that the battery has a tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery is less than a preset potential; and determine that the battery has no tendency to deposit lithium when the negative electrode potential of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset potential.

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