Method and device for dismounting a ball bearing structure draw pin

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of machinery and relates to a method and device for disassembling a traction pin of a ball bearing structure, the method comprising: S1, processing the traction pin ball bearing, machining two inverted L-shaped force-bearing platforms on the outer surface of the traction pin ball bearing on two opposite sides, the horizontal distance between the two platforms on the side close to the vertical central axis of the bearing being d, d being smaller than the outer diameter of the ball bearing and greater than the outer diameter of the traction pin, the processed traction pin ball bearing being a first combination; S2, vertically placing a pressure-bearing jig with a first through hole, the first through hole being arranged along the vertical direction and having a diameter of d, taking the first combination and clamping the platforms of the first combination at the first through hole of the jig; and S3, applying pressure to the first combination in the vertical direction to press and disassemble, when the traction pin in the first combination is pressed out of the ball bearing, the traction pin falls into the first through hole of the jig. The application combines the disassembling process with the machining process, takes into account the safety and service life of the jig, and optimizes the disassembling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machinery, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for disassembling the traction pin of a ball bearing structure. Background Technology

[0002] Existing diesel locomotive traction devices are four-bar linkages, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the key component, the traction pin assembly, is responsible for the flexible rotation of the traction device. The traction pin assembly consists of the traction pin, bushing, outer ring of the ball bearing, ball bearing, and retaining ring. During maintenance, it needs to be disassembled, the outer ring of the ball bearing and the ball bearing are replaced, and the traction pin is retained. The traction pin and the ball bearing have a clearance fit, but the clearance is only 0.05–0.10 mm. The traction pin assembly is disassembled approximately every 5 years (900,000 kilometers) of operation for diesel locomotives. Disassembly of the retaining ring and the outer ring of the ball bearing is simple, but the traction pin and the ball bearing, after long-term use, are corroded, and the spherical surface of the ball bearing is difficult to bear force, making disassembly very difficult. Typically, a hydraulic press with clamping fixtures is used for disassembly.

[0003] Currently, when disassembling and assembling the traction pin, the bushing and outer ring of the ball bearing are first removed. Three square plates are placed in a triangular arrangement under the hydraulic press. The retaining ring of the traction pin is placed in the middle of the triangle with one side facing down. Then, the position of the square plates is adjusted so that the three square plates can hold the outer side of the ball bearing. At the same time, the operator holds the traction pin upright by hand. Then, the hydraulic press is operated to squeeze the traction pin downwards, pressing the traction pin out of the ball bearing.

[0004] However, the existing technology has the following disadvantages: (1) It is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The ball bearing has a spherical outer surface. When using a clamping plate to hold it, it cannot be clamped tightly and is very easy to slip. It is necessary to repeatedly confirm whether the position is correct before the hydraulic press applies the load. (2) It is highly dangerous. Since the spherical surface of the ball bearing cannot be clamped tightly, once it is not placed stably, it is very easy to deviate during the process of applying the load by the hydraulic press. At best, it will crush the traction pin, and at worst, it will crush the ball bearing, causing fragments to fly and injure people. (3) The operation time is long and the work efficiency depends entirely on the operator's skill and experience. (4) The ball bearing is relatively hard, and the fixed plate is often damaged under the pressure of the hydraulic press.

[0005] The prior art CN 209533267 U discloses a universal dismounting tool for deep groove ball bearings, which adopts spring steel as a hook, and the spring steel is deeply inserted into the gap of the deep groove ball bearing to adjust the size by elastic deformation, so that the hook can tightly hold the bearing and pull it out. Similarly, the prior art CN 218658841 U discloses a dismounting tool for ball bearings, which includes a base, a top rod and a pull rod. The pull rod is arranged on the base, and the bottom of the pull rod is provided with a clamping jaw which is used to extend into the gap of the ball bearing. The clamping jaw can pull the ball bearing out. However, the above-mentioned methods are not suitable for the traction pin of the ball bearing structure which is used heavily. The traction pin is gap-fitted with the ball bearing, but the gap is only 0.05-0.10mm. After long-term use, the traction pin and the ball bearing have rusted, and the hook is difficult to be deeply inserted into the gap.

[0006] The prior art CN 113954903 B discloses a dismounting device and method for locomotive traction pins. The dismounting device for locomotive traction pins includes a lifting device, a fixing device and a power device. The lifting device is fixed to the crank arm seat and is used to hold the traction pin when the traction pin is loose. The fixing device is used to fix the traction pin. The power device acts on the fixing device and provides power for the fixing device to dismount the fixing device and then dismount the traction pin. This technology also fixes the bolt in the traction pin and directly pulls out the traction pin. The technical problem solved is how to fix the traction pin and dismount it without damage. However, it does not specifically solve the dismounting problem of the traction pin of the ball bearing structure.

[0007] Therefore, there is little dismounting method and device for the traction pin of the ball bearing structure in the prior art, which can consider the simple operation of dismounting the ball bearing, save time and labor, and protect the ball bearing during the dismounting process. SUMMARY

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to provide a device and method for pressing out the traction pin from the ball bearing, which can consider the fixing of the ball bearing, safe and stable dismounting operation, simple operation, independence from the proficiency and experience of the operator, and the method and device for protecting the ball bearing and the traction pin.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application includes the following:

[0010] The first aspect of the present application provides a dismounting method for the traction pin of the ball bearing structure, which includes the following steps:

[0011] S1, the trunnion ball bearing is processed, two inverted L-shaped force bearing platforms are processed on the outer surface of the trunnion ball bearing on two opposite sides, the horizontal distance between the two platforms near the vertical direction center axis of the bearing is d, d is less than the outer diameter of the ball bearing and greater than the outer diameter of the trunnion, and the processed trunnion ball bearing is a first combination;

[0012] S2, the pressure bearing fixture with the first through hole is vertically placed, the first through hole is arranged along the vertical direction, and the diameter is d, the first combination is taken, and the platform is clamped at the first through hole of the fixture;

[0013] S3, the pressure is applied to the first combination in the vertical direction, and the pressure is unloaded, when the trunnion is pressed out of the ball bearing in the first combination, the trunnion falls into the first through hole of the fixture.

[0014] Further, the fixture of S2 step is a cylindrical structure, a cuboid structure, a circular table type structure or a prism table type structure, and / or the fixture of S2 step is a stepped cylindrical structure, including a column and a ring step, and the diameter of the ring step is greater than that of the column.

[0015] Further, the fixture includes a base and a gland, the gland is arranged at the top end of the base and has a ring disc structure with a second through hole, and the diameter of the second through hole is d.

[0016] Further, the vertical direction height of the fixture is greater than the distance from the platform of the first combination to the vertical direction end point of the trunnion ball bearing near the platform of the first combination.

[0017] Further, the front surface and the back surface of the gland are the same structure and can be used on both sides.

[0018] Further, the gland is made of 42CrMo quenching and forming, and / or the quenching hardness of the gland 7 is HRC50~52.

[0019] Further, the gland includes one or more third through holes for connecting with the base.

[0020] Further, the top end of the base includes one or more grooves corresponding to the third through holes for connecting with the gland.

[0021] Further, the third through hole is a threaded hole for connecting the base and the gland by bolts.

[0022] The second aspect of the application provides a ball bearing structure trunnion dismounting device, which includes the fixture used in the method and the ball bearing processed in the method.

[0023] The above technical scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present application uses a mold with a reasonable design size, avoiding the need for manual adjustment of the position and angle of the mold before each operation, and is convenient and flexible to use.

[0025] (2) When the oil pressure machine is needed for disassembly, the operator does not need to manually pull the pin, the pin is stable and reliable in positioning, and is not easy to slip and will not cause bearing cracking, ensuring the safety of the operation.

[0026] (3) The device and method of the present application can simplify the operation process, do not require experienced operators, reduce the process of manual participation, and increase work efficiency.

[0027] (4) The present application designs a split modular mold, the components are replaceable, and when the mold cannot be used, only the worn parts need to be replaced, avoiding the cost waste caused by updating the entire mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the prior art traction pin structure is shown in the structure diagram.

[0030] Figure 2a The structure diagram of the mold of some embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0031] Figure 2b The structure diagram of the ball bearing of some embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 3 The force diagram of the first combination in some embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 The disassembly diagram of the ball bearing traction pin in some embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0034] Explanation of reference signs:

[0035] 1, traction pin; 2, bushing; 3, bearing outer ring; 4, ball bearing; 41, platform; 5, retainer; 6, bolt; 7, gland; 8, base; 9, first combination; 10, cylinder; 11, annular step; 12, first through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application are further explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0037] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terms used in the present application have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains.

[0039] In the present application, the term "cradle" refers to a support seat having a through-hole structure, which can clamp the first combination platform of the present application on the upper end of the through-hole.

[0040] In the present application, the term "cylindrical structure" refers to a structure that can be vertically placed on a horizontal plane, having a through-hole structure in the middle and a cylindrical shape on the outside, having a supporting effect.

[0041] In the present application, the term "cuboid structure" refers to a structure that can be vertically placed on a horizontal plane, having a through-hole structure in the middle and a cuboid or cubic prism structure on the outside, having a supporting effect.

[0042] In the present application, the term "round table type structure" refers to a structure that can be vertically placed on a horizontal plane, having a through-hole structure in the middle and a long round table structure on the outside, having a supporting effect.

[0043] In the present application, the term "prism table type structure" refers to a structure that can be vertically placed on a horizontal plane, having a through-hole structure in the middle and a long round table structure on the outside, having a supporting effect.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 2a , Figure 2b The disassembly method of the present application includes:

[0046] S1, the traction pin ball bearing is processed, two inverted L-shaped force bearing platforms 41 are processed on the outer surface of the traction pin ball bearing on both sides, as shown in Figure 2b The horizontal distance between the two platforms near the vertical center axis of the bearing is d, d is less than the outer diameter of the ball bearing 4 and greater than the outer diameter of the traction pin 1, and the processed traction pin ball bearing is the first combination 9;

[0047] S2, a cradle with a first through hole 12 that can withstand pressure is vertically placed, the cradle is as shown inFigure 2a As shown in the drawings, the first through hole 12 is arranged along the vertical direction, and has a diameter d. The first combination 9 is taken, and the platform 41 is clamped at the first through hole 12 of the jig;

[0048] S3, a pressure is applied to the first combination 9 in the vertical direction, and the pressure is removed. When the traction pin 1 in the first combination 9 is pressed out of the ball bearing 4, the traction pin 1 falls into the first through hole 12 of the jig.

[0049] The present application adopts the method of machining and special jig cooperation. Two inverted L-shaped force platforms 41 are machined on the outer surface of the traction pin ball bearing. The two platforms 41 are the first combination 9, which overcomes the problem that the outer surface of the traction pin ball bearing is arc-shaped and cannot bear force, and is easy to slide during disassembly. The horizontal distance between the two platforms 41 near the vertical direction center axis of the bearing is d, which is smaller than the outer diameter of the ball bearing 4 and larger than the outer diameter of the traction pin 1. The distance ensures that the traction pin ball bearing can be clamped in the through hole, such as Figure 2a and Figure 4 As shown in the drawings, the first combination 9 can be better fixed, so that it can bear force better.

[0050] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the jig of S2 step is a cylindrical structure, a cuboid structure, a circular truncated cone structure or a prismatic truncated cone structure.

[0051] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in the drawings, Figure 2a The jig of S2 step is a stepped cylindrical structure, which includes a column 10 and an annular step 11. The diameter of the annular step 11 is larger than that of the column 10.

[0052] The jig structure of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. The jig structure for fixing the first combination 9 is within the protection scope of the present application. The present application adopts the stepped cylindrical structure, and the annular step 11 can make the jig more stable.

[0053] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in the drawings, Figure 2a The jig includes a base 8 and a gland 7. The gland 7 is arranged at the top end of the base 8. The gland 7 is an annular disc structure with a second through hole. The diameter of the second through hole is d.

[0054] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the vertical direction height of the jig is greater than the distance from the platform 41 of the first combination 9 to the vertical direction endpoint of the traction pin ball bearing near the platform 41 of the first combination 9.

[0055] The vertical direction height of the jig of the present application is greater than the distance from the platform 41 of the first combination 9 to the vertical direction endpoint of the traction pin ball bearing near the platform 41 of the first combination 9. The function is that when disassembling, the first combination 9 is stressed, so that the traction pin 1 is more convenient to fall off from the ball bearing 4.

[0056] The split structure of the fixture setting base 8 and the cover 7 in the application, when the force is removed during the process, the first combination 9 transmits the pressure to the fixture, the cover 7 directly bears the pressure when the traction pin ball bearing is removed, and the base 8 bears the transmission force of the cover 7; in this process, the cover 7 protects the base 8 from deformation, and under the long-term pressure, the pressure borne is as shown in the formula, the pressure P of the oil press is decomposed into two direction forces, F and M. The chamfer of the force point will be deformed due to long-term pressure, so that it becomes a round corner, thereby increasing F and reducing M, and the traction pin 1 ball shaft is difficult to remove. The application sets the cover 7 on the base 8, when the cover 7 is deformed due to long-term force, the edge of the cover 7 can be replaced to fit the first combination 9, thereby avoiding the difficulty in disassembly caused by the deformation of the base 8 under long-term force. Figure 3

[0057] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the cover 7 has the same structure on the front and back surfaces, and can be used on both surfaces.

[0058] The use of the cover 7 on both surfaces in the application can effectively utilize the other surface when the cover 7 is found to be deformed, thereby increasing the service life of the fixture.

[0059] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the cover 7 is made of 42CrMo quenching and forming, and / or the quenching hardness of the cover 7 is HRC50~52.

[0060] The application adopts the cover 7 made of quenching and forming, and the machining process and hardness of the cover 7 are greater than those of the base 8 and the first combination 9, thereby prolonging the service life of the fixture.

[0061] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the cover 7 comprises one or more third through holes for connecting with the base 8.

[0062] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the top end of the base 8 comprises one or more grooves corresponding to the third through holes for connecting with the cover 7.

[0063] In some embodiments, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the third through hole is a threaded hole for connecting the base 8 and the cover 7 through the bolt 6.

[0064] The third through hole of the application is matched with the bolt.

[0065] The application sets the third through hole on the cover 7 and the base 8, and connects the cover 7 and the base 8 through the bolt 6, so that the cover 7 and the base 8 are fixed when the first combination 9 is removed, and displacement does not occur between the cover 7 and the base 8, and when the cover 7 needs to be replaced, the detachable structure connected by the bolt 6 can facilitate the replacement of the cover 7.​

[0066] In some embodiments, the present application also provides a ball bearing structure traction pin dismounting device, comprising the fixture used in any of the foregoing dismounting methods (as shown in Figure 2a ) and the ball bearing 4 processed in any of the foregoing dismounting methods (as shown in Figure 2b ).

[0067] It should be particularly pointed out that each component in each of the above embodiments can be crossed, replaced, added, deleted, and therefore, the combinations formed by these reasonable permutations and combinations should also belong to the protection scope of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application should not be limited to the above embodiments.

[0068] The above is the exemplary embodiments disclosed by the present application, and the sequence of the above embodiments disclosed by the present application is only for description, not representing the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. However, it should be noted that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the embodiments disclosed by the present application (including the claims) is limited to these examples, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope defined by the claims. The functions, steps and / or actions of the method claims of the embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements of the embodiments disclosed by the present application can be described or claimed in individual form, unless explicitly restricted as singular, they can also be understood as plural, and skilled persons can implement the described functions in a flexible manner for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling the traction pin of a ball bearing structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The traction pin ball bearing is processed, and two inverted L-shaped load-bearing platforms (41) are processed on two opposite sides of the outer surface of the traction pin ball bearing. The horizontal distance between the two platforms (41) on the side of the ball bearing's vertical central axis is d. d is less than the outer diameter of the ball bearing (4) and greater than the outer diameter of the traction pin (1). The processed traction pin ball bearing is the first assembly (9). S2. Take a pressure-bearing jig with a first through hole (12) and place it vertically. The first through hole (12) is set along the vertical direction and has a diameter of d. Take the first assembly (9) and clamp its platform (41) at the first through hole (12) of the jig. S3. Apply pressure vertically to the first assembly (9) to perform pressure relief. When the traction pin (1) in the first assembly (9) is pressed out of the ball bearing (4), the traction pin (1) falls into the first through hole (12) of the fixture.

2. The disassembly method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture in step S2 is a cylindrical structure, a cuboid structure, a frustum structure or a pyramidal structure, and / or the fixture in step S2 is a stepped cylindrical structure, including a column (10) and an annular step (11), the diameter of the annular step (11) being larger than the diameter of the column (10).

3. The disassembly method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixture includes a base (8) and a pressure cap (7). The pressure cap (7) is placed on the top of the base (8) and is an annular disc structure with a second through hole, the diameter of which is d.

4. The disassembly method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical height of the fixture is greater than the distance from the first assembly (9) platform (41) to the vertical end of the traction pin ball bearing near the first assembly (9) platform (41).

5. The disassembly method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cover (7) has the same structure on the front and back, and can be used on both sides.

6. The disassembly method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure cap (7) is formed by quenching 42CrMo, and / or the quenching hardness of the pressure cap (7) is HRC50-52.

7. The disassembly method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The gland (7) includes one or more third through holes for connection with the base (8).

8. The disassembly method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the base (8) includes one or more grooves corresponding to the third through hole for connection with the cover (7).

9. The disassembly method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The third through hole is a threaded hole, used for connecting the base (8) and the cover (7) by bolts (6).

10. A device for disassembling the traction pin of a ball bearing structure, characterized in that, Includes a jig used in the disassembly method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 and a ball bearing (4) machined in the disassembly method as described in claim 1.

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