Large ceramics with forest waterfall glaze and its preparation process

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ceramics and their preparation processes, and specifically to a large-scale ceramic with a forest waterfall glaze and its preparation process. The large-scale ceramic with a forest waterfall glaze comprises a body and a glaze, wherein the glaze comprises a matte base glaze, a waterfall glaze and a forest glaze, wherein the inner surface of the body is covered with the matte base glaze, the upper portion of the outer surface of the body is covered with the matte base glaze and the waterfall glaze in sequence, the middle portion of the outer surface of the body is covered with the matte base glaze, the forest glaze and the waterfall glaze in sequence, and the lower portion of the outer surface of the body is covered with the matte base glaze and the forest glaze in sequence. In the glaze on the outer surface of the body, the upper portion is a white vertical pattern shaped like a waterfall, the lower portion is a matte green pattern shaped like moss by the blending of the matte base glaze and the forest glaze, and the white vertical pattern in the middle portion is blended and transitioned with the green forest glaze, which has a unique artistic beauty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ceramics and preparation techniques thereof, and in particular to large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze and preparation techniques thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the humid climate in the south, it is not conducive to the drying of large ceramic bodies. After the traditional large-volume bodies are formed, they are directly put into the drying room for drying in a state of high moisture content, which can easily cause the body to drain too quickly and then cause the body to dry and crack. In addition, it is difficult to glaze the traditional large-volume bodies, especially for the inner surface of the body. Due to the large size and weight of the body, no matter whether it is dipped in glaze or sprayed in glaze, the glaze is easy to accumulate on the bottom, resulting in too thick glaze. Therefore, it is necessary to pour out the excess slurry. For the large-volume body, the internal glaze is not easy to pour out cleanly. For the outer surface of the body, due to its large surface area, it is difficult to glaze, and the glaze surface is usually more simple. In view of this, this case came into being. Summary of the invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems through large-scale ceramics with Forest Falls glaze and a preparation process thereof.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a large-scale ceramic with a forest waterfall glaze, comprising a body and a glaze, the glaze comprising a matte base glaze, a waterfall glaze and a forest glaze, the inner surface of the body being covered with the matte base glaze, the upper portion of the outer surface of the body being covered with matte base glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, the middle portion of the outer surface of the body being covered with matte base glaze, forest glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, and the lower portion of the outer surface of the body being covered with matte base glaze and forest glaze in sequence.

[0005] Preferably, the matte base glaze is matte off-white, the waterfall glaze is opalescent off-white, and the forest glaze is green.

[0006] Preferably, the raw materials of the green body include the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of china clay, 20-25 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of albite, 10-12 parts of medical stone, 5-7 parts of dolomite, and 6-8 parts of red clay.

[0007] Preferably, the raw materials of the matte base glaze include the following components in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of feldspar, 18-22 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-12 parts of quartz, 14-16 parts of kaolin, 8-10 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of strontium carbonate, 14-16 parts of titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of borate, 4-6 parts of lithium carbonate, and 1-3 parts of zinc oxide.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials of the waterfall glaze include the following components in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 22-24 parts of borate, 10-14 parts of ball clay, 12-14 parts of dolomite, 7-9 parts of calcium silicate, 5-7 parts of bone ash, and 4-6 parts of talc.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials of the forest glaze include the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 16-18 parts of spodumene, 9-11 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of quartz stone, 10-12 parts of transparent filler, 3-5 parts of soda ash, 5-8 parts of limestone, 2-4 parts of borate, 1-3 parts of cobalt carbonate, and 1-3 parts of rutile.

[0010] According to the above-mentioned preparation process of large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze, the following steps are included:

[0011] Step a, forming a green body, and then drying and baking;

[0012] Step b, applying glaze on the surface of the green body;

[0013] Step c: The glazed ceramic is placed in a kiln for firing.

[0014] Preferably, in step a, before the green body is dried, it is first pre-dried by a dehumidification and heating system, which specifically includes: the green body is placed in a production area, the humid air in the production area is sucked into a dehumidifier, the humid air is frozen to below the dew point by a condenser, so that the moisture in the air is fully desorbed, and the dehumidified dry air is then heated by a heat exchanger and finally becomes hot dry air, which is returned to the production area to form an air circulation, thereby reducing the air humidity in the production area, and the hot dry air takes away the moisture in the green body.

[0015] Preferably, in step b, the glazing of the blank comprises the following steps: S1, placing the blank on a turntable with adjustable speed, wherein a residual material discharge port is provided in the middle of the turntable, wherein in step a, after the blank is formed, its bottom is a downwardly concave arc surface, and two discharge ports are provided at the center and edge of the bottom; S2, applying matte base glaze to the inner and outer surfaces of the blank respectively by means of a glaze spraying device, wherein the turntable and the blank rotate during the glazing process, and when glazing the inner surface, the glazing is repeated up and down for multiple times, and the internal glaze accumulates at the bottom of the blank and enters the gap between the turntable and the bottom of the blank through the discharge port, Fill the gap and glaze the lower surface of the bottom of the blank. After standing, open the residual material discharge port of the turntable and restart the turntable to discharge the excess slurry in the blank; S3, apply forest glaze to the middle and lower parts of the outer surface of the blank; S4, apply waterfall glaze on the upper part of the blank by dripping glaze, slowly rotate the blank while dripping glaze, and set a heat dryer on the opposite side of the dripping glaze to heat dry the upper half of the outer surface of the blank. During the dripping process, the waterfall glaze naturally falls along the outer surface of the blank, forming white vertical lines similar to waterfalls, and covering the upper and middle parts of the blank; S5, the glaze surface is dry.

[0016] Preferably, in step c, the glazed ceramics are dehumidified at low temperature in the production area through the dehumidification and heating system in step a for 8-10 hours, and then sent to the kiln for firing: the temperature is raised to 500 degrees Celsius within 20-22 hours, kept warm for 5-6 hours, then raised to 1150 degrees Celsius within 30-33 hours, kept warm for 5-6 hours, then cooled to 500 degrees Celsius within 28-30 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature.

[0017] From the above description, it can be seen that the large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze and the preparation process thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: in the glaze on the outer surface of the blank, the upper part is white vertical lines shaped like waterfalls, and the lower part is a blend of matte base glaze and forest glaze, presenting matte green patterns shaped like moss, and the white vertical lines in the middle blend and transition with the green forest glaze, which has a unique artistic beauty; when the blank is in the production area, the moisture in the air is removed by a dehumidifier, and the air is heated by a heat exchanger. Since the air temperature and humidity in the entire production area are uniform, all parts of the blank are evenly discharged from the water under the action of hot dry air, and are not easy to crack; the present invention opens a discharge port at the bottom of the blank, and the glaze accumulates and flows into the gap between the turntable and the bottom of the blank, and the lower surface of the blank is also glazed. At the same time, excess slurry is discharged through the residual material discharge port of the turntable to avoid local glaze accumulation, which causes cracking of the glaze or the blank during firing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation modes.

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0020] The large-scale ceramic with forest waterfall glaze of the present invention comprises a body and a glaze, wherein the glaze comprises matte base glaze, waterfall glaze and forest glaze, the inner surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze, the upper part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, the middle part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze, forest glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, and the lower part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze and forest glaze in sequence. In the glaze of the outer surface of the body, the upper part is white vertical lines shaped like waterfalls, the lower part is matte green patterns shaped like moss by the mutual blending of matte base glaze and forest glaze, and the white vertical lines in the middle are blended and transitioned with the green forest glaze, which has a unique artistic beauty.

[0021] The matte base glaze is matte off-white, the waterfall glaze is a milky off-white flowing texture, and the forest glaze is green.

[0022] The raw materials of the green body include the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of china clay, 20-25 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of albite, 10-12 parts of medical stone, 5-7 parts of dolomite and 6-8 parts of red clay.

[0023] The raw materials of matte base glaze include the following components by weight: 25-30 parts of feldspar, 18-22 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-12 parts of quartz, 14-16 parts of kaolin, 8-10 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of strontium carbonate, 14-16 parts of titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of borate, 4-6 parts of lithium carbonate, and 1-3 parts of zinc oxide. The matte base glaze is applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the body and presents a crystalline matte off-white color after firing.

[0024] The raw materials of waterfall glaze are calculated by weight, including the following components: 25-30 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 22-24 parts of borate, 10-14 parts of ball clay, 12-14 parts of dolomite, 7-9 parts of calcium silicate, 5-7 parts of bone ash, and 4-6 parts of talc. The waterfall glaze presents a drapey, opaque gray-white effect through a special glazing method.

[0025] The raw materials of forest glaze are calculated by weight, including the following components: 40-45 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 16-18 parts of spodumene, 9-11 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of quartz stone, 10-12 parts of transparent filler, 3-5 parts of soda ash, 5-8 parts of limestone, 2-4 parts of borate, 1-3 parts of cobalt carbonate, and 1-3 parts of rutile. Forest glaze itself is a dark green semi-matte glaze, which presents different shades of matte green after blending with matte base glaze.

[0026] The formula of the large-scale ceramic with forest waterfall glaze of the present invention includes but is not limited to the following specific embodiments:

[0027] Specific Example 1

[0028] The raw materials of the body are calculated by weight, including the following components: 40 parts of porcelain clay, 20 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of albite, 10 parts of medical stone, 5 parts of dolomite, and 6 parts of red clay; the raw materials of the matte base glaze are calculated by weight, including the following components: 25 parts of feldspar, 18 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of quartz, 14 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of ball clay, 10 parts of strontium carbonate, 14 parts of titanium dioxide, 3 parts of borate, 4 parts of lithium carbonate, and 1 part of zinc oxide; waterfall The raw materials of the glaze, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 25 parts of quartz, 20 parts of feldspar, 22 parts of borate, 10 parts of ball clay, 12 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of calcium silicate, 5 parts of bone ash, and 4 parts of talc; the raw materials of the forest glaze, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 40 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 16 parts of spodumene, 9 parts of ball clay, 10 parts of quartz, 10 parts of transparent filler, 3 parts of soda ash, 5 parts of limestone, 2 parts of borate, 1 part of cobalt carbonate, and 1 part of rutile.

[0029] Specific Example 2

[0030] The raw materials of the body are calculated by weight, including the following components: 50 parts of porcelain clay, 25 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of albite, 12 parts of medical stone, 7 parts of dolomite, and 8 parts of red clay; the raw materials of the matte base glaze are calculated by weight, including the following components: 30 parts of feldspar, 22 parts of calcium carbonate, 12 parts of quartz, 16 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of ball clay, 12 parts of strontium carbonate, 16 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of borate, 6 parts of lithium carbonate, and 3 parts of zinc oxide; waterfall The raw materials of the glaze, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 30 parts of quartz, 25 parts of feldspar, 24 parts of borate, 14 parts of ball clay, 14 parts of dolomite, 9 parts of calcium silicate, 7 parts of bone ash, and 6 parts of talc; the raw materials of the forest glaze, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 45 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 18 parts of spodumene, 11 parts of ball clay, 12 parts of quartz, 12 parts of transparent filler, 5 parts of soda ash, 8 parts of limestone, 4 parts of borate, 3 parts of cobalt carbonate, and 3 parts of rutile.

[0031] Specific example three

[0032] The raw materials of the body are calculated by weight, including the following components: 45 parts of porcelain clay, 22 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of albite, 11 parts of medical stone, 6 parts of dolomite, and 7 parts of red clay; the raw materials of the matte base glaze are calculated by weight, including the following components: 27 parts of feldspar, 20 parts of calcium carbonate, 11 parts of quartz, 15 parts of kaolin, 9 parts of ball clay, 11 parts of strontium carbonate, 15 parts of titanium dioxide, 4 parts of borate, 5 parts of lithium carbonate, and 2 parts of zinc oxide; waterfall glaze The raw materials, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 28 parts of quartz, 22 parts of feldspar, 23 parts of borate, 12 parts of ball clay, 13 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of calcium silicate, 6 parts of bone ash, and 5 parts of talc; the raw materials of forest glaze, measured in parts by weight, include the following components: 42 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 17 parts of spodumene, 10 parts of ball clay, 11 parts of quartz, 11 parts of transparent filler, 4 parts of soda ash, 6 parts of limestone, 3 parts of borate, 2 parts of cobalt carbonate, and 2 parts of rutile.

[0033] According to the above-mentioned preparation process of large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze, the following steps are included:

[0034] Step a, forming a green body, and then drying and baking;

[0035] Step b, applying glaze on the surface of the green body;

[0036] Step c: The glazed ceramic is placed in a kiln for firing.

[0037] In step a, before the green body is dried, it is first pre-dried by a dehumidification and heating system, which specifically includes: the green body is placed in a production area, the humid air in the production area is sucked into a dehumidifier, and the humid air is frozen to below the dew point by a condenser so that the moisture in the air is fully desorbed, and the dehumidified dry air is then heated by a heat exchanger and finally becomes hot dry air, which is returned to the production area to form an air circulation, thereby reducing the air humidity in the production area, and the hot dry air takes away the moisture in the green body. Due to the humid climate in the south, it is not conducive to the drying of large ceramic green bodies. After the green bodies are formed, they are directly put into the drying room for drying with a high moisture content, which can easily cause the green bodies to drain too quickly, and then cause the green bodies to dry and crack. Therefore, the green bodies need to be dried to a certain degree before they can be dried. When the green bodies are in the production area, the moisture in the air is removed by a dehumidifier, and the air is heated by a heat exchanger. Since the air temperature and humidity in the entire production area are uniform, all parts of the green bodies are evenly drained of moisture under the action of hot dry air, and are not easy to crack. The moisture content of the green bodies is 17-19% when they are formed. They are placed in the production area for 10-12 hours until the moisture content is about 10-12%. They can then enter the drying room for drying. At this time, the green bodies are not easy to crack after drying.

[0038] In step b, the glazing of the blank includes the following steps: S1, placing the blank on a turntable with adjustable speed, wherein a residual material discharge port is provided in the middle of the turntable, wherein in step a, after the blank is formed, its bottom is a downwardly concave arc surface, and two discharge ports are provided at the center and edge of the bottom; S2, applying matte base glaze to the inner and outer surfaces of the blank respectively by means of a glaze spraying device, wherein the turntable and the blank rotate during the glazing process, and when glazing the inner surface, the glazing is repeated up and down for many times, and the internal glaze accumulates at the bottom of the blank and enters the gap between the turntable and the bottom of the blank through the discharge port, thereby filling the gap. When the glaze is full, glaze the lower surface of the bottom of the blank. After it stands still, open the residual material discharge port of the turntable and restart the turntable to discharge the excess slurry in the blank; S3, apply forest glaze to the middle and lower parts of the outer surface of the blank; S4, apply waterfall glaze on the upper part of the blank by dripping glaze, and slowly rotate the blank while dripping glaze. A heat dryer is provided on the opposite side of the dripping glaze to heat dry the upper half of the outer surface of the blank. During the dripping process, the waterfall glaze naturally falls along the outer surface of the blank to form white vertical lines similar to waterfalls, and covers the upper and middle parts of the blank; S5, the glaze surface is dry. It is difficult to glaze large-volume green bodies in the traditional way, especially for the inner surface of the green body. Due to the large volume and weight of the green body, glaze is easily accumulated on the bottom, resulting in too thick glaze surface, so it is necessary to pour out the excess slurry, and for the large-volume green body, the internal glaze is not easy to pour out cleanly; when applying matte base glaze, the glaze spray gun is arranged on a liftable lifting rod, which moves up and down and cooperates with the turntable to drive the green body to rotate, so as to spray glaze on the inner and outer surfaces of the green body. The present invention provides a discharge port at the bottom of the green body, and the glaze accumulates and flows into the gap between the turntable and the bottom of the green body, so that the lower surface of the green body is also glazed. The ring foot serves as a support and does not need to be glazed. Therefore, the glazing method realizes the upper and lower surfaces of the bottom. The glaze is applied, and the excess slurry is discharged through the residual material discharge port of the turntable to avoid local glaze accumulation, which causes cracking of the glaze or the body during firing; the glaze dripping device is a conical container with a glaze dripping port at the bottom, and the glaze dripping port is intermittently opened and closed, so that the glaze falls on the top of the outer surface of the body in the form of dripping glaze and hangs from its top. At the same time, the forest glaze on the surface of the body is locally heated by the heater. Due to the different glaze dripping time and drying degree, white vertical lines like waterfalls will be formed on the upper and middle parts of the body. After firing, the white vertical lines blend with the forest glaze, which has a unique aesthetic feeling. It should be pointed out that the process of the present invention is suitable for the production of large-scale ceramic handicrafts with openings on the top because it needs to open a hole at the bottom of the body, but is not suitable for the production of large-scale ceramic containers.

[0039] In step c, the glazed ceramics are dehumidified at low temperature in the production area through the dehumidification and heating system in step a, which lasts for 8-10 hours, and then sent to the kiln for firing: the temperature is raised to 500 degrees Celsius within 20-22 hours, and the temperature is kept for 5-6 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 1150 degrees Celsius within 30-33 hours, and the temperature is kept for 5-6 hours, and then the temperature is lowered to 500 degrees Celsius within 28-30 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature. The ceramics are first dehumidified at low temperature in the production area through the dehumidification and heating system, and the wet water and free water are removed. The free heating stage is carried out slowly, and the temperature is kept for a period of time so that the water and organic binder in the minerals are removed; the heating rate of the process of heating to the firing temperature is greatly reduced, which promotes grain growth, reduces pores and grain boundaries, and gradually shrinks the total volume of the green body; the cooling rate of the cooling process is also greatly reduced, which reduces the uneven stress in the green body and avoids the cracking of the green body.

[0040] The above are only some specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The preparation process of large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze is characterized by: The steps include: Step a, forming a green body, and then pre-drying and drying; Step b, applying glaze on the surface of the green body; Step c, the glazed ceramic is put into a kiln for firing; In the step a, before the green body is dried, it is first pre-dried by a dehumidification and heating system, which specifically includes: the green body is placed in the production area, the humid air in the production area is sucked into the dehumidifier, the humid air is frozen to below the dew point by the condenser, so that the moisture in the air is fully precipitated, the dehumidified dry air is then heated by a heat exchanger, and finally becomes hot dry air, which is returned to the production area to form an air circulation, thereby reducing the air humidity in the production area, and the hot dry air takes away the moisture in the green body; In the step b, the glazing of the blank includes the following steps: S1, placing the blank on a turntable with adjustable speed, wherein a residual material discharge port is provided in the middle of the turntable, wherein in the step a, after the blank is formed, its bottom is a downwardly concave arc surface, and two discharge ports are provided at the center and edge of the bottom; S2, applying matte base glaze to the inner and outer surfaces of the blank respectively by means of a glaze spraying device, wherein the turntable and the blank rotate during the glazing process, and when the inner surface is glazed, the glazing is repeated up and down for many times, and the internal glaze accumulates at the bottom of the blank, and enters the gap between the turntable and the bottom of the blank through the discharge port to fill the gap, and glazes the lower surface of the bottom of the blank, and after standing still, the residual material discharge port of the turntable is opened and the turntable is restarted to discharge the excess slurry in the blank; S3, applying forest glaze to the middle and lower part of the outer surface of the blank; S4, applying waterfall glaze on the upper part of the blank by dripping glaze, slowly rotating the blank while dripping glaze, and providing a heat dryer on the opposite side of the dripping glaze to heat dry the upper half of the outer surface of the blank, and the waterfall glaze naturally falls along the outer surface of the blank during the dripping process, forming white vertical lines similar to waterfalls, and covering the upper and middle parts of the blank; S5, drying the glaze surface; In the step c, the glazed ceramics are dehumidified at low temperature in the production area through the dehumidification and heating system in the step a for 8-10 hours, and then sent to the kiln for firing: the temperature is raised to 500 degrees Celsius within 20-22 hours, kept warm for 5-6 hours, then raised to 1150 degrees Celsius within 30-33 hours, kept warm for 5-6 hours, then cooled to 500 degrees Celsius within 28-30 hours, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature; The large ceramic with forest waterfall glaze comprises a body and a glaze, wherein the glaze comprises matte base glaze, waterfall glaze and forest glaze, the inner surface of the body is covered with the matte base glaze, the upper part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, the middle part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze, forest glaze and waterfall glaze in sequence, and the lower part of the outer surface of the body is covered with matte base glaze and forest glaze in sequence; The raw materials of the green body include the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of china clay, 20-25 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of albite, 10-12 parts of medical stone, 5-7 parts of dolomite, and 6-8 parts of red clay; The raw materials of the matte base glaze include the following components in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of feldspar, 18-22 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-12 parts of quartz, 14-16 parts of kaolin, 8-10 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of strontium carbonate, 14-16 parts of titanium dioxide, 3-5 parts of borate, 4-6 parts of lithium carbonate, and 1-3 parts of zinc oxide; The raw materials of the waterfall glaze include the following components by weight: 25-30 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of feldspar, 22-24 parts of borate, 10-14 parts of ball clay, 12-14 parts of dolomite, 7-9 parts of calcium silicate, 5-7 parts of bone ash, and 4-6 parts of talc; The raw materials of the forest glaze include the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of nepheline orthoclase, 16-18 parts of spodumene, 9-11 parts of ball clay, 10-12 parts of quartz stone, 10-12 parts of transparent filler, 3-5 parts of soda ash, 5-8 parts of limestone, 2-4 parts of borate, 1-3 parts of cobalt carbonate, and 1-3 parts of rutile.

2. The preparation process of large-scale ceramics with forest waterfall glaze according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The matte base glaze is matte off-white, the waterfall glaze is opalescent off-white, and the forest glaze is green.