A channel construction method

Abstract

The present invention provides a channel construction method, wherein the channel is located in a mountainous area and is connected to a tunnel structure arranged in the mountain. The bottom wall width of the channel is greater than the bottom plate width of the tunnel. A reinforcing steel plate is provided. The fixed steel plate includes a protruding portion and a main body. The protruding portion is fixedly connected to the tunnel bottom plate, and the main body is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the channel. The fixed steel plate is used to realize the connection between the tunnel exit and the channel, and a strong steel cage skeleton is formed by steel bars, thereby ensuring the overall force performance of the channel and improving its overall stability.

Description

[0001] Technical field: The present invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a channel construction method.

[0002] Background technology: Channels are an important form of water conservancy projects and are widely used in water transmission and diversion projects. For example, channels in irrigation projects take water through water inlets and use main channels and branch channels to achieve reasonable distribution of irrigation water. Concrete channels are often used in modern engineering structures, which can make full use of the mechanical properties of concrete to achieve the construction and stability of the channel structure.

[0003] Most mountain channels are built in the mountains and often need to work in conjunction with tunnels. After the tunnel construction is completed, the connection between the tunnel and the channel is used to achieve water connectivity. The channel connected to the tunnel is an area with greater stress. Existing engineering measures often directly increase the number of concrete reinforcements at the connection to improve strength, but this cannot change the stress form of the connection between the channel and the tunnel, and stress damage will still occur. Once damage occurs, it is difficult to repair.

[0004] Summary of the invention: In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a channel construction method, which improves the overall stress-bearing performance of the connection between the channel and the tunnel by reasonably arranging connecting components.

[0005] The present invention provides a channel construction method, wherein the channel is located in a mountainous area and is connected to a tunnel structure provided in the mountain. The tunnel includes a left side plate, a right side plate, a bottom plate, and an upper arch. The upper arch is a semicircular structure. The upper arch is connected to the top of the left side plate and the right side plate, respectively. The bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the left side plate and the right side plate, respectively. The channel includes a left side wall, a right side wall, and a bottom wall. The method is characterized in that the width of the bottom wall of the channel is greater than the width of the bottom plate of the tunnel. The construction method includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Excavate the left slab, right slab, bottom slab and upper arch at the tunnel exit, apply plastering treatment to the left slab, right slab and upper arch, drill holes in the bottom slab, implant short steel bars in the holes, and grout the holes;

[0007] S2: Processing a fixed steel plate, wherein the fixed steel plate includes a protruding portion and a main portion, wherein both the protruding portion and the main portion are rectangular structures, wherein the width of the protruding portion is adapted to the width of the tunnel bottom plate, and the width of the main portion is adapted to the width of the channel bottom wall, and the width of the protruding portion is smaller than the width of the main portion, and the protruding portion and the main portion have the same thickness. The protruding portion and the main portion are integrally formed, and openings are provided on the side of the main portion facing the mountain in the thickness direction on both sides of the protruding portion, and rubber sleeves are provided in the openings. The protruding portion is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the sizes of the through holes are adapted to the sizes of the short steel bars. A plurality of connecting plates are welded on the upper surface of the main portion, and the connecting plates are provided with through holes;

[0008] S3: driving an anchor rod into the mountain at the tunnel exit at a position corresponding to the rubber sleeve, wherein the size and shape of the anchor rod are adapted to the rubber sleeve;

[0009] S4: Installing and fixing the steel plate, passing the through hole of the protruding portion through the short steel bar, the short steel bar extending out of the upper surface of the protruding portion in the thickness direction, the anchor rod passing through the rubber sleeve, and making the side of the main body facing the mountain in close contact with the mountain;

[0010] S5: drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the left side wall of the channel and implanting a left fixed steel bar; drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the right side wall of the channel and implanting a right fixed steel bar; after the left and right fixed steel bars are implanted, grouting the drilled holes to fix them;

[0011] S6: Tie bottom plate reinforcement to the portion where the short reinforcement extends out of the upper surface of the protruding portion, arrange bottom wall reinforcement in the through hole of the connecting plate of the main body, arrange left and right wall reinforcements of the channel, and fix the left wall reinforcement to the left fixed reinforcement, and the right wall reinforcement to the right fixed reinforcement, arrange connecting reinforcement, and connect the bottom plate reinforcement, bottom wall reinforcement, left and right wall reinforcement into one body to form a reinforcement cage;

[0012] S7: Pour concrete on the reinforced cage formed in S6 by erecting a formwork, and cure the concrete to the designed strength. Remove the formwork to form a tunnel floor, channel bottom wall, channel left wall, and channel right wall of reinforced concrete structures.

[0013] Preferably, in S1, the plastering surfaces of the left side plate, the right side plate and the upper arch are concrete plastering surfaces, and the concrete strength of the concrete plastering surfaces is not less than C15.

[0014] Preferably, the side of the main body facing the mountain is adapted to the shape of the mountain at the tunnel exit. During construction, the mountain at the tunnel exit is excavated to form a groove, and the main body is adapted to the groove.

[0015] Preferably, in S6, a first steel bar is arranged in the through hole of the connecting plate of the main body, and the first steel bar includes a horizontal section, a left vertical section and a right vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is fixedly connected to the bottom wall steel bar, the left vertical section is fixedly connected to the left side wall steel bar, and the right vertical section is fixedly connected to the right side wall steel bar.

[0016] Preferably, the concrete strength of the tunnel floor, channel bottom wall, channel left wall and channel right wall is not less than C25.

[0017] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0018] The connection between the tunnel exit and the channel is an area with relatively weak stress. The construction method provided by the present invention can take the connection with the channel into consideration during construction at the tunnel exit, so that the tunnel exit, the mountain and the channel structure are connected as a whole, thereby improving their stress performance and overall stability. Short steel bars are drilled in the tunnel floor and implanted, and the short steel bars are passed through the openings of the protruding parts of the fixed steel plates to fix the fixed steel plates. The fixed steel plates can serve as part of the tunnel bottom, thereby improving the stress performance of the tunnel floor. At the same time, the main body of the fixed steel plates can serve as part of the channel bottom wall and the main stress-bearing component, thereby firmly connecting the left wall, right wall and bottom wall steel cages of the channel, while ensuring the connection between the channel and the tunnel floor.

[0019] For the transition from the tunnel to the channel, the traditional setting method of keeping the width unchanged is changed to make the channel width larger than the width of the tunnel. Then, from the tunnel to the channel, due to the increase in the water flow width, the single-width water flow rate of the channel will be reduced, the strength requirement of the channel water body on the bottom wall will be reduced, and the overall stress-bearing performance of the channel will be improved. At the same time, rubber sleeves and openings are set on both sides of the fixed steel plate body, that is, the part wider than the tunnel width. Anchor rods set on both sides of the tunnel exit in the mountain are inserted into the rubber sleeves to achieve the fixation of the fixed steel plate and the mountain. Left and right fixed steel bars are set on the mountain, and the left and right fixed steel bars are used as the steel bar fixed stress-bearing parts of the left and right walls of the channel to achieve a fixed connection between the channel side walls and the mountain.

[0020] In order to adapt to the shape of the tunnel floor and the channel bottom wall, a fixed steel plate structure with a protruding part and a main body is set up. The fixed steel plate structure can not only reinforce the tunnel floor, but also serve as an important component for connecting the mountain, channel and tunnel to achieve a firm connection between the three. During channel construction, the main body of the fixed steel plate serves as part of the channel bottom wall, which can improve its stress performance. At the same time, the connecting steel plate set on the fixed steel plate can be used to set steel bars to connect the fixed steel plate and the channel steel bars into one, thereby improving the overall performance of the channel.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention provides a channel construction method, wherein the channel is located in a mountainous area and is connected to a tunnel structure arranged in the mountain. The bottom wall width of the channel is greater than the bottom plate width of the tunnel. A reinforcing steel plate is provided. The fixed steel plate includes a protruding portion and a main body. The protruding portion is fixedly connected to the tunnel bottom plate, and the main body is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the channel. The fixed steel plate is used to realize the connection between the tunnel exit and the channel, and a strong steel cage skeleton is formed by steel bars, thereby ensuring the overall force performance of the channel and improving its overall stability. Description of the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tunnel structure;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the channel structure;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the fixed steel plate structure;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fixed steel plate body and rubber sleeve (thickness direction view);

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the setting of the fixed steel plate main body and the connecting steel plate.

[0028] Specific implementation method: The following is a specific explanation of the content defined in the present invention with reference to the contents of the drawings in the specification.

[0029] The present invention provides a channel construction method, wherein the channel is located in a mountainous area and is connected to a tunnel structure set in the mountain. The tunnel includes a left side plate 11, a right side plate 12, a bottom plate 13, and an upper arch 14. The upper arch 14 is a semicircular structure. The upper arch 14 is connected to the top of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12, respectively. The bottom plate 13 is connected to the bottom of the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12, respectively. The channel includes a left side wall 21, a right side wall 22, and a bottom wall 23. The construction method is characterized in that the width of the bottom wall 23 of the channel is greater than the width of the bottom plate 13 of the tunnel.

[0030] S1: Excavate the left side plate 11, right side plate 12, bottom plate 13 and upper arch 14 at the tunnel exit, apply plastering treatment to the left side plate 11, right side plate 12 and upper arch 14, drill holes in the bottom plate 13, implant short steel bars in the holes, and grout the holes;

[0031] S2: Processing a fixed steel plate, the fixed steel plate includes a protrusion 31 and a main body 32, the protrusion 31 and the main body 32 are both rectangular structures, the width of the protrusion 31 is adapted to the width of the tunnel bottom plate 13, the width of the main body 32 is adapted to the width of the channel bottom wall 23, the width of the protrusion 31 is smaller than the width of the main body 32, the protrusion 31 and the main body 32 have the same thickness, the protrusion 31 and the main body 32 are integrally formed, on the side of the main body 32 facing the mountain, openings are provided in the thickness direction on both sides of the protrusion 31, rubber sleeves 33 are provided in the openings, a plurality of through holes are provided on the protrusion 31, the size of the through holes is adapted to the size of the short steel bars, a plurality of connecting plates 34 are welded on the upper surface of the main body 32, and the connecting plates 34 are provided with through holes;

[0032] S3: driving an anchor rod into the mountain at the tunnel exit at a position corresponding to the rubber sleeve 33, wherein the size and shape of the anchor rod are adapted to the rubber sleeve 33;

[0033] S4: Install and fix the steel plate so that the through hole of the protrusion 31 passes through the short steel bar, and the short steel bar extends out of the upper surface of the protrusion 31 in the thickness direction. The anchor rod passes through the rubber sleeve 33, and the side of the main body 32 facing the mountain is in close contact with the mountain.

[0034] S5: Drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the left side wall 21 of the channel and implanting a left fixed steel bar; drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the right side wall 22 of the channel and implanting a right fixed steel bar; after the left and right fixed steel bars are implanted, grouting the drilled holes to fix them;

[0035] S6: Tie the bottom plate 13 steel bars to the portion where the short steel bars extend out of the upper surface of the protruding portion 31, arrange the bottom wall 23 steel bars in the through hole of the connecting plate 34 of the main body 32, arrange the left channel wall 21 steel bars and the right channel wall 22 steel bars, and make the left channel wall 21 steel bars fixedly connected to the left fixed steel bars, and the right channel wall 22 steel bars fixedly connected to the right fixed steel bars, arrange connecting steel bars, and connect the bottom plate 13 steel bars, the bottom wall 23 steel bars, the left channel wall 21 steel bars, and the right channel wall 22 steel bars into one body to form a steel cage;

[0036] S7: A formwork is erected on the steel cage formed in S6 to cast concrete, and the concrete is cured to the designed strength. The formwork is removed to form the tunnel floor 13, the channel bottom wall 23, the channel left side wall 21 and the channel right side wall 22 of the reinforced concrete structure.

[0037] Preferably, in S1, the left side plate 11, the right side plate 12 and the upper arch 14 are concrete surfaces, the concrete strength of the concrete surfaces is not less than C15, the concrete used for the concrete surfaces is self-compacting concrete, and the upper arch 14 is cast using a curved template.

[0038] Preferably, the side of the main body 32 facing the mountain is adapted to the shape of the mountain at the tunnel exit. During construction, the mountain at the tunnel exit is excavated to form a groove, and the main body 32 is adapted to the groove. To facilitate processing, the main body 32 is set to a rectangular structure, and the mountain groove is adapted to the rectangular structure of the main body 32.

[0039] Preferably, in S6, a first steel bar is arranged in the through hole of the connecting plate 34 of the main body 32, and the first steel bar includes a horizontal section, a left vertical section and a right vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is fixedly connected to the steel bar of the bottom wall 23, the left vertical section is fixedly connected to the steel bar of the left side wall 21, and the right vertical section is fixedly connected to the steel bar of the right side wall 22. By arranging the first steel bar, the effective connection between the left side wall 21, the right side wall 22 and the bottom wall 23 of the channel is achieved, thereby improving the overall performance of the structure.

[0040] Preferably, the concrete strength of the tunnel floor 13, the channel bottom wall 23, the channel left side wall 21 and the channel right side wall 22 is not less than C25, and the concrete can be self-compacting concrete.

[0041] Preferably, on the side of the main body 32 facing the mountain, openings are provided in the thickness direction on both sides of the protruding portion 31, and rubber sleeves 33 are provided in the openings, wherein the rubber sleeves 33 and the openings are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel or channel. This arrangement can improve the connection strength. Based on the knowledge and ability of those skilled in the art, they can clearly determine the arrangement form of the openings and the rubber sleeves 33. Figure 4 This is the thickness direction view.

[0042] During the specific construction, the construction of the tunnel is completed first, and holes are drilled at the bottom plate 13 at the tunnel exit. The holes can be arranged in a plum blossom shape, and short steel bars are inserted into the holes to realize the one-piece formation of the fixed steel plate, the bottom plate 13 steel cage and the bottom plate 13 concrete. Before the left plate 11, the right plate 12 and the upper arch 14 are plastered, several short anchor rods can be set. The short anchor rods are deeply inserted into the mountain of the tunnel to realize the reinforcement of the tunnel. Concrete is used for plastering, and wire mesh is tied to the protruding part of the short anchor rod, and the concrete is plastered using the wire mesh.

[0043] Before the channel construction, the mountain at the tunnel exit can be partially reinforced and excavated to facilitate the pouring construction of the channel and the fixation of the fixed steel plate. The fixed steel plate is adapted to the shape of the mountain. During the transformation, the mountain can be excavated to accommodate the main body 32 of the fixed steel plate with a rectangular structure. By opening a groove and inserting the main body 32 of the fixed steel plate into the groove, the fixed steel plate can be fixed to the mountain.

[0044] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also includes equivalent technical means that can be thought of by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A channel construction method, wherein the channel is located in a mountainous area and is connected to a tunnel disposed within the mountain. The tunnel comprises a left side plate, a right side plate, a bottom plate, and an upper arch. The upper arch is a semicircular structure. The upper arch is connected to the tops of the left and right sides, respectively. The bottom plate is connected to the bottoms of the left and right sides, respectively. The channel comprises a left side wall, a right side wall, and a bottom wall. The method is characterized in that: The bottom wall width of the channel is greater than the bottom plate width of the tunnel, and the construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Excavate the left slab, right slab, bottom slab and upper arch at the tunnel exit, apply plastering treatment to the left slab, right slab and upper arch, drill holes in the bottom slab, implant short steel bars in the holes, and grout the holes; S2: Processing a fixed steel plate, wherein the fixed steel plate includes a protruding portion and a main portion, wherein both the protruding portion and the main portion are rectangular structures, wherein the width of the protruding portion is adapted to the width of the tunnel bottom plate, and the width of the main portion is adapted to the width of the channel bottom wall, and the width of the protruding portion is smaller than the width of the main portion, and the protruding portion and the main portion have the same thickness. The protruding portion and the main portion are integrally formed, and openings are provided on the side of the main portion facing the mountain in the thickness direction on both sides of the protruding portion, and rubber sleeves are provided in the openings. The protruding portion is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the sizes of the through holes are adapted to the sizes of the short steel bars. A plurality of connecting plates are welded on the upper surface of the main portion, and the connecting plates are provided with through holes; S3: driving an anchor rod into the mountain at the tunnel exit at a position corresponding to the rubber sleeve, wherein the size and shape of the anchor rod are adapted to the rubber sleeve; S4: Installing and fixing the steel plate, passing the through hole of the protruding portion through the short steel bar, the short steel bar extending out of the upper surface of the protruding portion in the thickness direction, the anchor rod passing through the rubber sleeve, and making the side of the main body facing the mountain in close contact with the mountain; S5: drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the left side wall of the channel and implanting a left fixed steel bar; drilling a hole at a position where the mountain is located on the right side wall of the channel and implanting a right fixed steel bar; after the left and right fixed steel bars are implanted, grouting the drilled holes to fix them; S6: Tie bottom plate reinforcement to the portion where the short reinforcement extends out of the upper surface of the protruding portion, arrange bottom wall reinforcement in the through hole of the connecting plate of the main body, arrange left and right wall reinforcements of the channel, and fix the left wall reinforcement to the left fixed reinforcement, and the right wall reinforcement to the right fixed reinforcement, arrange connecting reinforcement, and connect the bottom plate reinforcement, bottom wall reinforcement, left and right wall reinforcement into one body to form a reinforcement cage; S7: Pour concrete on the reinforced cage formed in S6 by erecting a formwork, and cure the concrete to the designed strength. Remove the formwork to form a tunnel floor, channel bottom wall, channel left wall, and channel right wall of reinforced concrete structures.

2. The channel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the left side plate, the right side plate and the upper arch are made of concrete, and the concrete strength of the concrete is not less than C15.

3. The channel construction method according to claim 1, wherein: The side of the main body facing the mountain is adapted to the shape of the mountain at the tunnel exit. During construction, the mountain at the tunnel exit is excavated to form a groove, and the main body is adapted to the groove.

4. The channel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, a first steel bar is arranged in the through hole of the connecting plate of the main body, and the first steel bar includes a horizontal section, a left vertical section and a right vertical section, wherein the horizontal section is fixedly connected to the bottom wall steel bar, the left vertical section is fixedly connected to the left side wall steel bar, and the right vertical section is fixedly connected to the right side wall steel bar.

5. The channel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete strength of the tunnel bottom plate, channel bottom wall, channel left wall and channel right wall shall not be lower than C25.

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