A method and system for evaluating fine particulate matter concentration in urban street spaces

Abstract

The present invention provides an evaluation method and system for fine particulate matter concentration in street spaces of urban blocks, the evaluation method comprising: determining the fine particulate matter concentration in street spaces of blocks according to measured data; calculating block space morphological indicators, including: block openness, block windward area ratio, average height of street buildings, and sky openness of street spaces; constructing linear regression equations of various block space morphological indicators and fine particulate matter concentration; performing weighted summation according to the correlation between block space morphology and fine particulate matter concentration to obtain a comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration in street spaces of blocks; evaluating the fine particulate matter concentration in target blocks according to the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration in street spaces of blocks to obtain an evaluation result. The present invention can quantify the degree of influence of block space morphology on fine particulate matter concentration, improve the computational efficiency of fine particulate matter concentration evaluation in street spaces of urban blocks, and provide data support for air environment management in urban blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban planning and architectural design, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces of urban blocks. Background Art

[0002] Urbanization is an inevitable trend in the development of today's society and an important symbol of national modernization. However, rapid urbanization has also brought about a series of "urban diseases". The large amount of exhaust emissions from motor vehicles has affected the quality of the urban environment. At present, the research on the correlation between urban block spatial morphology indicators and atmospheric pollutants mainly focuses on the correlation between urban spatial morphology and block spatial morphology and fine particulate matter, focusing on aspects such as block density, building form, building layout and greening configuration. However, the quantitative analysis of block spatial morphology indicators and fine particulate matter concentration needs to be further deepened. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in a street space of an urban block, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step (i), obtaining the fine particulate matter concentration data of the street space of the target block and calculating the average fine particulate matter concentration of the street space of the target block; calculating the spatial morphological indicators of the target block, including the openness of the target block, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the street buildings of the target block, and the sky openness of the street space of the target block;

[0006] Step (ii), constructing a linear regression equation between the target block spatial morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space, and obtaining the correlation and contribution degree between the block spatial morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration;

[0007] Step (iii) weighted summation is performed based on the correlation and contribution between the spatial morphology of the target block and the concentration of fine particulate matter to obtain a comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block;

[0008] Step (iv), setting a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value, evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block according to the obtained comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block, and obtaining an evaluation result of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block; the evaluation method is:

[0009] When the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the first preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be excellent;

[0010] When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be good;

[0011] When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the third preset value and greater than the second preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be passed;

[0012] When the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is greater than the third preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be unsatisfactory.

[0013] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0014] The linear regression equation is:

[0015] Y=a+bX 1 +cX 2 +dX 3 +eX 4 ;

[0016] Where Y is the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block, a is a preset constant term, b is the correlation coefficient of the openness of the target block, c is the correlation coefficient of the windward area ratio of the target block, d is the correlation coefficient of the average height of the street buildings in the target block, e is the correlation coefficient of the sky openness of the street space in the target block, and X 1 is the openness of the target block SO, X 2 is the frontal area ratio FAI of the target block, X 3 is the average height of the buildings along the street in the target block, AH, X 4 It is the sky width SVF of the street space in the target block.

[0017] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0018] The calculation formula for the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is:

[0019] P = αX 1 -βX 2 +γX 3 -δX 4 ;

[0020] Among them, P is the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration, α is the score coefficient of the openness of the target block, β is the score coefficient of the windward area ratio of the target block, γ is the score coefficient of the average height of the street buildings in the target block, δ is the score coefficient of the sky openness of the street space in the target block, and X 1 is the openness of the target block SO, X 2 is the frontal area ratio FAI of the target block, X3 is the average height AH of the street buildings in the target block, and X4 is the sky openness SVF of the street space in the target block.

[0021] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0022] The openness of the target block is the ratio of the sum of the gap lengths of the street-side buildings in the street direction to the length of the block along the street, and the calculation formula is:

[0023] SO=L e / L t ;

[0024] Where SO is the openness of the target block; L e is the length of the open space of the target block; L t It is the total length of the target block along the street.

[0025] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0026] The windward area ratio of the target block is the ratio of the windward area of ​​the building facades along the street to the block land area, and the calculation formula is:

[0027] FAI = F / A;

[0028] Wherein, FAI is the windward area ratio of the target block, F is the building windward area of ​​the target block, and A is the block land area of ​​the target block.

[0029] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0030] The average height of the street-side buildings in the target block is the ratio of the sum of the heights of all street-side buildings to the number of street-side buildings, and the calculation formula is:

[0031]

[0032] Wherein, AH is the average height of the street-side buildings in the target block, n is the number of street-side buildings in the target block, and Hi is the height of each building unit in the target block.

[0033] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0034] The sky openness of the street space of the target block is the monthly average value of the ratio of the pixels in the visible sky area at each measuring point to the pixels in the entire sky area, and the calculation formula is:

[0035]

[0036] Where SVF is the sky openness along the street of the target block, x is the pixel point of the visible sky area, and y is the pixel point of the entire sky area.

[0037] As a further preference of the above scheme:

[0038] The first preset value is smaller than the second preset value, and the second preset value is smaller than the third preset value.

[0039] The present invention also provides an evaluation system for fine particulate matter concentration in urban street spaces, comprising:

[0040] The fine particulate matter concentration analysis module for the street space of the block is used to obtain the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block and calculate the average concentration value of the target month;

[0041] The block space morphology index calculation module is used to calculate the fine particulate matter concentration impact index; the block space morphology index includes the openness of the target block street buildings, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the target block street buildings, and the sky openness of the target block street space;

[0042] A fine particle concentration calculation module is used to construct an equation based on the spatial morphological indicators of the target block and the fine particle concentration. The constructed equation is a linear regression equation based on various morphological indicators of the street space of the target block and the fine particle concentration;

[0043] The fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive scoring module is used to perform weighted summation based on the spatial morphological indicators of the target block to obtain a comprehensive score for the fine particulate matter concentration along the street of the target block;

[0044] The fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive assessment module is used to assess the fine particulate matter concentration in the target block based on the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block to obtain the fine particulate matter concentration assessment result.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it can quantify the influence of urban block spatial morphology on the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces, improve the computational efficiency of fine particulate matter concentration assessment in urban block street spaces, and provide data support for air environment management in urban block street spaces. At the same time, the present invention also provides a theoretical basis for urban planning and architectural design; it also provides a reference for air environment management and spatial morphology optimization at the block scale; and it also promotes the sustainable and healthy development of cities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in a street space of a city block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of block openness calculation of a method for evaluating fine particulate matter concentration in a street space of a city block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of calculating the windward area ratio of a block in a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in a street space of a city block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of calculating the average height of buildings along the street in a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in a street space of a city block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of calculating the sky openness of street space in a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street space of a city block in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. These examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] See also Figure 1 In this embodiment 1, a method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in a street space of an urban block is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1:

[0056] Obtain the fine particulate matter concentration data of the street space of the target block, and calculate the average fine particulate matter concentration of the street space of the block according to the obtained data; in this embodiment, the street fine particulate matter concentration of the target block is the average value of the target month;

[0057] Step 2:

[0058] Calculate the spatial morphology indicators of the block; the indicators that affect the concentration of fine particulate matter include: the openness of the target block, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the street-side buildings in the target block, and the sky openness of the street-side space in the target block;

[0059] The openness of the target block is the ratio of the total length of the gaps between buildings along the street to the length of the block along the street, which can be obtained by the following formula (1):

[0060] SO=L e / L t Formula (1)

[0061] Where SO is the openness L of the target block e is the length of the open space of the target block, in meters; L tis the total length of the target block along the street, in meters;

[0062] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, six blocks on the north side of Yungu Road in Binhu New District, Hefei City are selected as the object, and the calculation formula for the length of the open space is L e =L e1 +L e2 +L e3 +L e4 The total lengths of the target blocks along the street are 480m, 470m, 225m, 450m, 315m, and 190m respectively; the lengths of the open spaces in the target blocks are 193m, 151m, 113m, 135m, 315m, and 94m respectively; the openness of the target blocks is 40.1%, 32.1%, 50.4%, 29.9%, 100%, and 49.7% respectively.

[0063] The windward area ratio of the target block is the ratio of the windward surface area of ​​the building facade along the street to the block land area, which is obtained by the following formula (2):

[0064] FAI=F / A Formula (2)

[0065] Where FAI is the windward area ratio of the target block; F is the windward area of ​​the building in the target block, in m 2 ; A is the block land area of ​​the target block, in m 2 ;

[0066] See also Figure 3 In this embodiment, six blocks on the north side of Yungu Road in Binhu New District, Hefei City are selected as the objects. The calculation formula of the building windward area is F=f1+f2+f3+f4. The building windward areas of the target blocks are 4319m 2 、19470m 2 、1216m 2 、17476m 2 , 0m 2 、11994m 2 The target blocks have a land area of ​​227,314 m 2 、122451m 2 、57885m 2 、123070m 2 、159439m 2 、47975m 2 ,The windward area ratios of the target blocks are 1.9%, 15.9%, 2.1%, 14.2%, 0%, and 25%, respectively.

[0067] The average height of the street-side buildings in the target block in the above step 2 is the ratio of the sum of the heights of all street-side buildings to the number of street-side buildings, which is obtained by the following formula (3):

[0068]

[0069] Wherein, AH is the average height of the street-side buildings in the target block, in meters; n is the number of street-side buildings in the target block; Hi is the height of each building in the target block, in meters;

[0070] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, six blocks on the north side of Yungu Road in Binhu New District, Hefei City are selected as the objects, and the average heights of the buildings along the street in the target blocks are 12m, 65m, 15m, 89m, 0m, and 103m respectively.

[0071] The sky openness of the street space of the target block in the above step 2 is the monthly average value of the ratio of the pixels in the visible sky area of ​​each measuring point to the pixels in the entire sky area, which is obtained by the following formula (4):

[0072]

[0073] Where SVF is the sky openness along the street of the target block, x is the pixel point of the visible sky area, and y is the pixel point of the entire sky area;

[0074] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, six blocks on the north side of Yungu Road, Binhu New District, Hefei City are selected as objects. The pixel points of the visible sky area of ​​the target blocks are 44276, 58948, 20030, 18361, 30661, 17747, 10806, 13003, 76964, 77404, 27324, and 29785, respectively. The pixel points of the entire sky area of ​​the target blocks are 87850, and the sky openness of the target blocks is 50.4%, 67.1%, 22.8%, 20.9%, 34.9%, 20.2%, 12.3%, 14.8%, 87.6%, 88.1%, 31.1%, and 33.9%, respectively.

[0075] Step (three)

[0076] According to the linear regression equation of each block space morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration along the street, the correlation and contribution degree between the block space morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration are obtained; the linear regression equation of the above-mentioned space morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration along the street is as follows:

[0077] Y=a-bX 1 +cX 2 +dX 3 +eX 4Formula (5)

[0078] Where Y is the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block, a is a preset constant term, b is the correlation coefficient of the openness of the target block, c is the correlation coefficient of the windward area ratio of the target block, d is the correlation coefficient of the average height of the street buildings in the target block, e is the correlation coefficient of the sky openness of the street space in the target block, and X 1 is the openness (SO) of the target block, X 2 is the frontal area ratio (FAI) of the target block, X 3 is the average height of buildings along the street in the target block (AH), X 4 is the sky width (SVF) of the street space of the target block. It should be noted that the values ​​of c and e are negative numbers.

[0079] The above-mentioned fine particulate matter concentration calculation equation is constructed based on the linear regression of the block space morphology indicators and the corresponding fine particulate matter concentrations monitored historically. It is a linear regression equation based on the block space morphology indicators and the fine particulate matter concentration. The specific values ​​of a, b, c, d, and e can be adjusted according to the actual correlation analysis. In this embodiment, 194,400 fine particulate matter concentration data of twelve measured points are constructed to calculate the block space morphology indicators and fine particulate matter concentrations; the openness of the building along the street of the target block, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the building along the street of the target block, and the sky openness of the street space of the target block are used as independent variables, and the corresponding fine particulate matter concentration is used as the dependent variable to perform a multiple regression analysis. In this embodiment, a=34.643, b=0.076, c=-0.178, d=0.053, e=-0.207; the obtained fine particulate matter concentration equation is as follows:

[0080] Y=34.643+0.076X 1 -0.178X 2 +0.053X 3 -0.207X 4 Formula (6)

[0081] In addition, in actual operation, more block spatial morphological indicators related to fine particulate matter concentration can be analyzed to improve the mathematical equation of fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the block;

[0082] Step 4:

[0083] According to the correlation and contribution of the block space form and the fine particulate matter concentration, a weighted sum is performed to obtain the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration along the street of the target block. In this embodiment, the proportion of the influence of the target block space form on the fine particulate matter concentration is 15%, 35%, 10%, and 40%, respectively; as shown in the following formula (7):

[0084] P = 0.15X 1 -0.35X 2 +0.1X 3 -0.4X 4 Formula (7)

[0085] Among them, P is the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration along the street space of the target block, X 1 is the openness (SO) of the target block, ranging from 0 to 100%; X 2 is the frontal area ratio (FAI) of the target block, ranging from 0 to 100%; X 3 is the average height of the buildings along the street in the target block (AH), ranging from 0 to 200m; X 4 is the sky width (SVF) of the street space of the target block, with a value range of 0 to 100%;

[0086] Step 5:

[0087] A first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value are set, the first preset value is less than the second preset value, and the second preset value is less than the third preset value; in this embodiment, the first preset value is 1, the second preset value is 1.5, and the third preset value is 3; the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is evaluated according to the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block obtained in step (iv), and an evaluation result of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the block is obtained; the evaluation method is:

[0088] When the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the first preset value, the block space morphology assessment result is determined to be excellent;

[0089] When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the block space morphology assessment result is determined to be good;

[0090] When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the third preset value and greater than the second preset value, the block space morphology assessment result is judged to be passing;

[0091] When the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is greater than the third preset value, the block space morphology assessment result is judged to be unsatisfactory.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] In this embodiment 2, a system for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks is provided, comprising:

[0094] The fine particulate matter concentration analysis module for the street space of the block is used to obtain the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block and calculate the average concentration value of the target month;

[0095] The block space morphology index calculation module is used to calculate the fine particulate matter concentration impact index; wherein the fine particulate matter concentration impact index includes: the openness of the street buildings of each target block, the windward area ratio of each target block, the average height of the street buildings of each target block, and the sky openness of the street space of each target block;

[0096] A fine particle concentration calculation module is used to calculate an equation based on the spatial morphological index of the target block and the fine particle concentration, wherein the calculation equation is a linear regression equation based on various morphological indexes of the space along the target block and the fine particle concentration;

[0097] A fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive scoring module is used to perform weighted summation based on the spatial morphological indicators of each target block to obtain a comprehensive score for the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block;

[0098] The fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive assessment module is used to assess the fine particulate matter concentration of the target block according to the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block, and obtain a fine particulate matter concentration assessment result.

[0099] The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments. For those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step (i), obtaining the fine particulate matter concentration data of the street space of the target block and calculating the average fine particulate matter concentration of the street space of the target block; Calculate the spatial morphological indicators of the target block, including the openness of the target block, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the street-side buildings of the target block, and the sky openness of the street-side space of the target block; Step (ii) construct a linear regression equation between the target block spatial morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space, and obtain the correlation and contribution degree between the block spatial morphology index and the fine particulate matter concentration; The linear regression equation is: ； Among them, Y is the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block, a is a preset constant term, b is the correlation coefficient of the openness of the target block, c is the correlation coefficient of the windward area ratio of the target block, d is the correlation coefficient of the average height of the street buildings in the target block, e is the correlation coefficient of the sky openness of the street space in the target block, X1 is the openness SO of the target block, X2 is the windward area ratio FAI of the target block, X3 is the average height of the street buildings AH of the target block, and X4 is the sky openness SVF of the street space in the target block; Step (iii) weighted summation is performed based on the correlation and contribution between the spatial morphology of the target block and the concentration of fine particulate matter to obtain a comprehensive score for the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block; The calculation formula for the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is: ； Among them, P is the comprehensive score of fine particulate matter concentration, α is the score coefficient of the openness of the target block, β is the score coefficient of the windward area ratio of the target block, γ is the score coefficient of the average height of the street buildings in the target block, δ is the score coefficient of the sky openness of the street space in the target block, X1 is the openness SO of the target block, X2 is the windward area ratio FAI of the target block, X3 is the average height of the street buildings AH of the target block, and X4 is the sky openness SVF of the street space in the target block; Step (iv), setting a first preset value, a second preset value and a third preset value, evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block according to the obtained comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block, and obtaining an evaluation result of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block; the evaluation method is: When the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the first preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be excellent; When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be good; When the comprehensive score of the concentration of fine particulate matter in the street space of the target block is less than or equal to the third preset value and greater than the second preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be passed; When the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block is greater than the third preset value, the spatial morphology assessment result of the target block is determined to be unsatisfactory.

2. The method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The openness of the target block is the ratio of the sum of the gap lengths of the street-side buildings in the street direction to the length of the block along the street, and the calculation formula is: ； Where SO is the openness of the target block; L e is the length of the open space of the target block; L t It is the total length of the target block along the street.

3. The method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The windward area ratio of the target block is the ratio of the windward area of ​​the building facades along the street to the block land area, and the calculation formula is: ； Wherein, FAI is the windward area ratio of the target block, F is the building windward area of ​​the target block, and A is the block land area of ​​the target block.

4. The method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The average height of the street-side buildings in the target block is the ratio of the sum of the heights of all street-side buildings to the number of street-side buildings, and the calculation formula is: ； Wherein, AH is the average height of the street-side buildings in the target block, n is the number of street-side buildings in the target block, and Hi is the height of each building unit in the target block.

5. The method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sky openness of the street space of the target block is the monthly average value of the ratio of the pixels in the visible sky area at each measuring point to the pixels in the entire sky area, and the calculation formula is: ； Where SVF is the sky openness along the street of the target block, x is the pixel point of the visible sky area, and y is the pixel point of the entire sky area.

6. The method for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in street spaces in urban blocks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first preset value is smaller than the second preset value, and the second preset value is smaller than the third preset value.

7. A system for evaluating the concentration of fine particulate matter in urban street spaces according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: The fine particulate matter concentration analysis module for the street space of the block is used to obtain the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block and calculate the average concentration value of the target month; The block space morphology index calculation module is used to calculate the fine particulate matter concentration impact index; the block space morphology index includes the openness of the target block along the street building, the windward area ratio of the target block, the average height of the target block along the street building, and the sky openness of the target block along the street space; A fine particle concentration calculation module is used to construct an equation based on the spatial morphological indicators of the target block and the fine particle concentration. The constructed equation is a linear regression equation based on various morphological indicators of the street space of the target block and the fine particle concentration; The fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive scoring module is used to perform weighted summation based on the spatial morphological indicators of the target block to obtain a comprehensive score for the fine particulate matter concentration along the street of the target block; The fine particulate matter concentration comprehensive assessment module is used to assess the fine particulate matter concentration in the target block based on the comprehensive score of the fine particulate matter concentration in the street space of the target block to obtain the fine particulate matter concentration assessment result.

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