A solid-state hydrogen storage device with reinforced heat exchange, optimized wall stress and easy installation and removal

Abstract

This invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading. The technical solution is as follows: A structure consisting of an external spiral-wound heat exchange tube arranged on a metal tray inside a pressure vessel and a central electric heating rod installed in the middle of the vessel. Heat is comprehensively introduced or exported to the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing blocks through the inner wall of the pressure vessel, the outer wall of the spiral heat exchange tube, the heat transfer metal tray, and the central electric heating rod. Each alloy packing block placed on the metal tray is separated, significantly increasing the contact area between the hydrogen storage packing and hydrogen by reducing hydrogen flow resistance, thus improving the hydrogen storage and release rate. The separation of each alloy packing block with space provides sufficient room for hydrogen absorption and expansion, increasing the service life of the packing blocks and optimizing internal stress. The solid hydrogen storage alloy packing and the heat transfer metal tray are staggered and stacked on the central electric heating rod, making the loading and unloading of the hydrogen storage alloy packing convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of clean energy utilization and hydrogen solid storage technology, and relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage device with reinforced heat exchange, optimized wall stress and easy installation and removal. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a clean and efficient energy with high energy density and considerable application prospects. Due to the obvious safety problem of high-pressure hydrogen storage, solid-state alloy hydrogen storage technology has significant advantages and has developed rapidly. Its research mainly includes the preparation of efficient hydrogen storage materials, the optimization of hydrogen storage alloy medium form and device structure, etc. For example, Chinese patents 201910800746.3, 201910357763.4, 202310650489.6, etc.

[0003] When hydrogen storage alloy stores hydrogen, it releases heat and the metal lattice expands in volume. When it dehydrogenates, it absorbs heat and shrinks in volume, with an expansion and contraction rate of 20% to 30%, which can cause hydride particles to agglomerate and sinter into large particles. The agglomerated alloy can cause considerable stress on the wall of the hydrogen storage container and have a considerable impact on the hydrogen storage and release effect.

[0004] Adding heat-conducting porous expanded graphite to the hydrogen storage alloy can alleviate the above problems, but it also causes the hydrogen storage medium to be easily pulverized. Pressing the mixed powder of the hydrogen storage alloy with added expanded graphite and a binder into an alloy tablet can reduce the impact of alloy pulverization, but the expansion of the tablet also requires space and is accompanied by stress problems, and the possible fragmentation problem also needs to be considered. The hydrogen storage alloy medium and the device structure are also particularly important for the temperature influence and stability of the hydrogen storage medium. In this regard, patent 202211448969.6 discloses a high-thermal-conductivity and high-stability hydrogen storage alloy bed body for a hydrogen storage tank and a preparation process, which presses the hydrogen storage alloy into tablets to improve thermal conductivity and durability. Patent 201911128976.6 discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage container with easy disassembly and effective heat exchange, which forms a sliding channel to easily extract and replace the hydrogen storage alloy core cylinder, and forms an axial and radial water channel to cool the hydrogen storage alloy. Patent 202110880926.4 discloses a multi-platform compression type hydrogen storage device and a manufacturing method thereof, which places multiple hydrogen storage tanks with different pressures in a heat exchange box. Patent CN202310420676.5 discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage device with reinforced heat exchange and easy installation and removal, which enhances heat exchange in the form of tray and central outer wall double heat exchange and achieves the purpose of easy disassembly, but does not consider the space required for the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy filler, which can cause considerable internal expansion stress. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the application provides a solid-state storage and release hydrogen device with reinforced heat exchange, optimized wall stress and easy installation and removal, which applies measures of optimized alloy layout and reinforced heat exchange, and the method is as follows: a hydrogen storage alloy mixed material with added binder and expanded graphite is pressed into a round pie-shaped filler structure under a certain pressure, and a heat transfer metal tray is padded below each solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler to guide heat into or out of the filler, so as to meet different requirements of temperature and heat for rapid hydrogen release and rapid hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage filler. The heat exchange of the device adopts a structure of spiral heat exchange pipes wound outside the metal tray array area in the pressure-bearing container and a middle shaft electric heating rod installed in the middle of the container, and heat is guided into (when hydrogen is released) or out of (when hydrogen is stored) the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler through the inner wall of the pressure-bearing container, the outer wall of the spiral heat exchange pipe, the heat transfer metal tray and the middle electric heating rod.

[0006] Moreover, a long-short cross pipe hole is processed in the middle part of the heat transfer metal tray, one solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler is placed on each tray, the diameter and thickness of the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler are smaller than those of the metal tray, each solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler placed on the metal tray is separated, the hydrogen flow resistance is greatly reduced, the contact area between the hydrogen storage filler and hydrogen is greatly increased, the hydrogen storage and release rate is improved, and enough space is left for the hydrogen absorption expansion of the alloy filler block, the service life of the filler block is increased, and the internal stress is optimized.

[0007] N solid-state hydrogen storage alloy fillers are padded with heat transfer metal trays (N pieces) below, which support each layer of solid-state hydrogen storage alloy fillers, that is, the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy fillers and the heat transfer metal trays are alternately stacked and combined and installed on the middle shaft electric heating rod, a long-short cross protrusion (N layers) is also processed on the heating rod, one metal tray is clamped on each layer of protrusion during installation (the long rectangular hole of the tray is turned to the short protrusion, so that the tray is clamped on the corresponding protrusion and passes through the protrusion of the upper layer), and the distance between each layer of protrusions is slightly greater than the axial distance of the heat transfer metal tray. When the device is disassembled, the bottom threaded seal connected with the electric heating rod is unscrewed, the heat transfer metal trays are taken out one by one, and the whole solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler of each layer is also taken out.

[0008] The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0009] A solid-state storage and release hydrogen device with reinforced heat exchange, optimized wall stress and easy installation and removal, which is formed by combination and packaging of an upper and lower open pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5, an upper head 8 and a lower head 2, and the components packaged in the interior include N solid-state hydrogen storage alloy fillers 13, N heat transfer metal trays 14, an electric heating rod 1 with N layers of cross protrusions 12 and spiral heat exchange pipes 4;

[0010] The electric heating rod 1 is fixed at the bottom end of the lower head 2, and the electric heating rod 1 is coaxial with the pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5; the electric heating rod 1 is arranged with N layers of cross-shaped protrusions 12 at equal intervals; the cross-shaped protrusion 12 is composed of two horizontally arranged long rectangular columns 25 and two short rectangular columns 24, and one end of the long rectangular column 25 and the short rectangular column 24 is symmetrically fixed on the electric heating rod 1;

[0011] The heat transfer metal tray 14 and the circular solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 are respectively provided with cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes b22 and cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes a18 in the centers, and the sizes of the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes b22 and the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes a18 are greater than those of the cross-shaped protrusions 12; the heat transfer metal tray 14 and the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 pass through the electric heating rod 1 and the cross-shaped protrusions 12 through the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes b22 and the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes a18; when the heat transfer metal tray 14 reaches the cross-shaped protrusions 12 of the corresponding layer, the heat transfer metal tray 14 is rotated so that the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes b22 are not opposite to the cross-shaped protrusions 12, the heat transfer metal tray 14 is located on the cross-shaped protrusions 12 of the corresponding layer, and the length of the short side of the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes b22 and the cross-shaped pipe penetrating holes a18 is less than that of the long rectangular column 25, so that the heat transfer metal tray 14 is clamped on the cross-shaped protrusions 12 of the corresponding layer when reaching the placement layer; the diameter of the heat transfer metal tray 14 is greater than that of the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13; the outer ring of the heat transfer metal tray 14 is provided with a rim downwardly to form a shaft sleeve section 21; the distance between the cross-shaped protrusions 12 of adjacent layers is greater than the length of the shaft sleeve section 21; the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 is located on the upper surface of the heat transfer metal tray 14 and in the space formed by the shaft sleeve section 21 of the upper layer; the top end of the electric heating rod 1 is provided with a clamp 7 for fixing the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 at the top end;

[0012] The spiral heat exchange pipe 4 is wound outside the cylindrical area formed by the N layers of heat transfer metal trays 14, the wall of the pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5 is respectively provided with a heat exchange fluid outlet 15 and a heat exchange fluid inlet 6, which correspond to the positions of the bottom end and the top end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 4, and the bottom end and the top end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 4 are respectively connected with the heat exchange fluid outlet 15 and the heat exchange fluid inlet 6; the spiral heat exchange pipe 4 exchanges heat with the heat transfer metal tray 14, and the number of layers and the temperature of the fluid in the pipe of the spiral heat exchange pipe 4 can be changed according to the heat exchange requirement;

[0013] The upper head 8 is provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet 9.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0015] 1. The method of using the double reinforced heat exchange of the container inner tray outer wrapping fluid spiral heat exchange tube and the middle axis electric heating rod, the heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the heat transfer metal tray, and through the heat conduction of the heat transfer metal tray, the heat is quickly conducted into (when releasing hydrogen) or conducted out (when storing hydrogen) from the hydrogen storage filler block area. The temperature rise and fall gradient of the hydrogen storage alloy medium is greatly reduced, and the service life of the hydrogen storage filler is prolonged.

[0016] 2. The cross-shaped protrusions on the electric heating rod separate the heat transfer metal tray and the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler in each layer, which reduces the air flow resistance and greatly increases the specific surface area of the hydrogen storage filler in contact with hydrogen, thereby improving the hydrogen storage / release rate.

[0017] 3. The size of the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler is smaller than the metal tray, and the separation of each layer of heat transfer metal tray and filler block leaves a space capacity for the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy medium, which allows the hydrogen storage alloy medium block to freely expand in the radial and axial directions during hydrogen storage, reduces internal stress, and prevents the alloy from being squeezed and clumped, thereby avoiding affecting the hydrogen storage / release rate and prolonging the service life of the hydrogen storage medium. The hydrogen absorption expansion of the alloy filler block leaves enough space, increases the service life of the filler block, and optimizes the internal stress.

[0018] 4. Due to the support of the heat transfer metal tray between layers and the reduction of temperature rise and fall and temperature gradient, the hydrogen storage alloy medium filler is not easy to break and has a long service life. The metal tray is cylindrical, which increases the contact area with the spiral heat exchange tube and can catch the broken block or powder alloy in case of accidental breakage of the alloy block, preventing the agglomeration of the alloy or affecting the internal structure of the container.

[0019] 5. Moreover, the layered and discrete combination of the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler and the heat transfer metal tray makes the operation of filling or pulling out the filler simple, and the replacement of part or all of the hydrogen storage filler is quite easy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present application, a reinforced heat exchange and optimized wall stress easy-to-assemble and disassemble solid-state hydrogen storage and release device.

[0021] Figures 2(a) and 2(b) are cross-sectional and plan views of the solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 in the present application, a reinforced heat exchange and optimized wall stress easy-to-assemble and disassemble solid-state hydrogen storage and release device.

[0022] Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are cross-sectional and plan views of the heat transfer metal tray 14 in the present application, a reinforced heat exchange and optimized wall stress easy-to-assemble and disassemble solid-state hydrogen storage and release device.

[0023] Figures 4(a) and 4(b) are cross-sectional and plan views of the electric heating rod 1 in the present application, a reinforced heat exchange and optimized wall stress easy-to-assemble and disassemble solid-state hydrogen storage and release device.

[0024] In the figure: 1 electric heating rod, 2 lower head, 3 threaded section of pressure-bearing heat exchange shell, 4 spiral heat exchange tube, 5 pressure-bearing shell, 6 heat exchange fluid inlet, 7 clamp, 8 upper head, 9 hydrogen gas inlet and outlet, 10 threaded section of heating rod, 11 triangular support, 12 cross-shaped protrusion, 13 solid-state hydrogen storage alloy filler, 14 heat transfer metal tray, 15 heat exchange fluid outlet, 16 sealing ring, 17 square part, 18 cross-shaped pipe hole a, 19 tray fixing protrusion, 20 support section, 21 shaft sleeve section, 22 cross-shaped pipe hole b, 23 threaded section of lower head, 24 short rectangular column, 25 long rectangular column, 26 heating section, 27 power supply end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described below in combination with the drawings and technical solutions.

[0026] As shown in the drawings, the solid-state hydrogen storage device of the present application is characterized in that the device is provided with a pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5 for bearing hydrogen gas pressure, an upper head 8, a lower head 2 for jointly packaging internal components, and the device is vertically placed during use. Figure 1 The internal components include N solid-state hydrogen storage alloy fillers 13, N heat transfer metal trays 14, an electric heating rod 1 with N layers of cross-shaped protrusions 12, and a spiral heat exchange tube 4.

[0027] As shown in the drawings, the solid-state hydrogen storage device of the present application is characterized in that the device is provided with a pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5 for bearing hydrogen gas pressure, an upper head 8, a lower head 2 for jointly packaging internal components, and the device is vertically placed during use. Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the solid-state hydrogen storage device of the present application is characterized in that the device is provided with a pressure-bearing heat exchange shell 5 for bearing hydrogen gas pressure, an upper head 8, a lower head 2 for jointly packaging internal components, and the device is vertically placed during use.

[0028] As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), N solid hydrogen storage alloy fillers 13 are all made into uniform thick circular block structures, with a central cross-shaped through-hole a18 machined on each block. As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), N heat transfer metal trays 14 have their edges thickened and protruded downwards to form bushing sections 21, with the remaining parts forming support sections 20. A cross-shaped through-hole b22 is machined in the center. The dimensions of both the cross-shaped through-hole a18 and the cross-shaped through-hole b22 are slightly larger than the cross-shaped protrusion 12 on the electric heating rod 1. The shorter side of both the cross-shaped through-hole a18 and the cross-shaped through-hole b22 is shorter than the long rectangular column 25 of the cross-shaped protrusion 12, making it convenient for the heat transfer metal tray 14 to be secured to the corresponding layer's cross-shaped protrusion 12 when it reaches the placement layer. The bottom of the heat transfer metal tray 14 is provided with a tray fixing protrusion 19, which is used to lock into the cross-shaped protrusion 12 after rotation, preventing the heat transfer metal tray 14 from rotating on its own after installation and causing the tray to pass through the cross-shaped protrusion 12. The spacing between the tray fixing protrusions 19 is slightly larger than the width of the cross protrusions 12, so they are not completely locked in place.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a spiral heat exchange tube is spirally wound outside the cylindrical area composed of N layers of heat transfer metal trays 14, and a heat exchange fluid inlet 6 and a heat exchange fluid outlet 15 are provided in the upper left and lower right areas of the pressure heat exchange shell 5; a hydrogen inlet / outlet 9 is provided on the upper head 8; the lower head 2 is welded to the heating rod 1, and the seal between the lower head 2 and the threaded section 3 of the pressure heat exchange shell is a threaded seal, which is sealed by a sealing ring 16. For easy loading and unloading, two triangular supports 11 are welded at the same height on both sides of the pressure heat exchange shell 5. The two triangular supports 11 are 180° in the radial direction to support the entire device during loading and unloading. A square component 17 for loading and unloading is welded to the bottom of the lower head 2 to facilitate loading and unloading with a wrench.

[0030] The solid hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 is made by mixing expanded graphite and binder, and then pressing it into shape in a mold by a tablet press under a set pressure, with a diameter range of 18~200 mm.

[0031] N heat transfer metal trays 14, the edge of which is thickened and protrudes to form a bushing section 21. The height of this section is greater than the thickness of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing 13, and the height ranges from 4 to 50 mm. A cross-shaped through-hole b22 is provided in the center of the heat transfer metal tray 14. The size of this through-hole is slightly larger than the size of the cross-shaped protrusion 12 of the electric heating rod 1. The size of this through-hole ranges from 6 to 40 mm. The length of the long section (excluding the through-hole) of the cross-shaped through-hole b22 ranges from 3 to 20 mm, the length of the short section (excluding the through-hole) ranges from 1.5 to 10 mm, and the width ranges from 2 to 10 mm. The inner diameter of the bushing section 21 is larger than the diameter of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing 13, and the size ranges from 20 to 220 mm. Its outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the ring formed by the spiral heat exchange tube 4, and the size ranges from 22 to 230 mm.

[0032] The outer diameter of the ring formed by the spiral heat exchange tube 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure heat exchange shell 5, with a size range of 28 to 250 mm. The diameter of the cross-shaped through-hole a18 of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing 13 is the same as the diameter of the cross-shaped through-hole b22 of the heat transfer metal tray 14. The thickness of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing 13 is less than the height of the bushing section 21 of the heat transfer metal tray 14, with a thickness range of 3 to 37 mm. The number N of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing 13 ranges from 1 to 30 pieces.

[0033] N heat transfer metal trays 14, the thickness of the annular area of ​​which ranges from 1 to 8 mm, the spacing between each adjacent layer of the cross protrusions 12 on the electric heating rod 1 is 6 to 60 mm, and the number of layers is consistent with the number of solid hydrogen storage alloy fillers 13, which is 1 to 30 layers.

[0034] N heat transfer metal trays 14, with 8 protrusions machined on the lower surface of the support section 20 corresponding to the outer area of ​​the central cross-shaped through-hole b22. During loading or unloading, the heat transfer metal trays 14 can be rotated and locked in place with the cross-shaped protrusions 12. The heat transfer metal trays 14 and solid hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 can be pushed or pulled out by the electric heating rod 1, thus achieving its easy loading and unloading characteristics.

[0035] The pressure heat exchange shell 5, the upper end cap 8, and the threaded section 3 of the pressure heat exchange shell are all welded and ground. The threaded section 3 of the pressure heat exchange shell is threaded to the lower end cap 2 and sealed with a sealing ring 16. The inlet and outlet (heat exchange fluid outlet 15 and heat exchange fluid inlet 6) of the spiral heat exchange tube 4 are welded to both ends of the pressure shell 5, and the two are 180 degrees apart in the radial direction of the shell.

[0036] The electric heating rod 1 is installed concentrically with the lower end cap 2. One way to achieve this concentricity is to drill a hole in the center of the lower end cap 2 and then weld the heating rod onto the lower end cap 2.

[0037] The upper end of the electric heating rod 1 is closed, and the lower end is the power-on end 27 with wires leading out, which is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 when hydrogen is released.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy assembly / disassembly. Its operation is as follows: During hydrogen storage, hydrogen gas is introduced into the device through the hydrogen inlet / outlet 9. Hydrogen atoms embed into the crystal lattice of the alloy material in the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler 13 to generate metal hydrides, simultaneously releasing heat. During hydrogen release, by absorbing heat, the hydrogen gas decomposes with the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler 13, thus releasing the hydrogen gas.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading, characterized in that: The aforementioned enhanced heat exchange optimized wall stress easy-to-install and disassemble solid hydrogen storage device has an external structure formed by a combination of a pressure heat exchange shell (5) with openings at both the top and bottom, an upper end cap (8) and a lower end cap (2). The components encapsulated inside include N solid hydrogen storage alloy packings (13), N heat transfer metal trays (14), an electric heating rod (1) with N layers of cross protrusions (12) and a spiral heat exchange tube (4). The electric heating rod (1) is fixed at its bottom end to the center of the lower end cap (2), and the electric heating rod (1) is coaxial with the pressure heat exchange shell (5); N layers of cross protrusions (12) are arranged at equal intervals on the electric heating rod (1); the cross protrusions (12) are composed of two long rectangular columns (25) and two short rectangular columns (24) arranged horizontally, and one end of the long rectangular column (25) and the short rectangular column (24) is symmetrically fixed on the electric heating rod (1); The heat transfer metal tray (14) and the circular solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13) are respectively provided with cross-shaped through holes b (22) and a (18) at their centers. The dimensions of the cross-shaped through holes b (22) and a (18) are larger than the cross-shaped protrusion (12). Through the cross-shaped through holes b (22) and a (18), the heat transfer metal tray (14) and the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13) pass through the electric heating rod (1) and the cross-shaped protrusion (12). When the heat transfer metal tray (14) reaches the cross-shaped protrusion (12) of the corresponding layer, the heat transfer metal tray (14) is rotated so that the cross-shaped through hole b (22) is not opposite to the cross-shaped protrusion (12), so that the heat transfer metal tray (14) is located on the cross-shaped protrusion (12) of the corresponding layer, and the cross-shaped through hole... The shorter side of the tube hole b (22) and the cross-shaped through-hole a (18) is less than the length of the long rectangular column (25), so that the heat transfer metal tray (14) is stuck on the cross protrusion (12) of the corresponding layer when it reaches the placement layer; the diameter of the heat transfer metal tray (14) is greater than the diameter of the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13); the outer ring of the heat transfer metal tray (14) has a downward edge to form a bushing section (21); the spacing between adjacent layers of the cross protrusion (12) is greater than the length of the bushing section (21); the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13) is located on the upper surface of the heat transfer metal tray (14) and in the space formed by the bushing section (21) of the upper layer; the top of the electric heating rod (1) is provided with a clamp 7 for fixing the top solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13). The spiral heat exchange tube (4) is wound around the outer layer of the cylindrical region composed of N layers of heat transfer metal trays (14). The walls of the pressure heat exchange shell (5) are respectively provided with heat exchange fluid outlet (15) and heat exchange fluid inlet (6), which correspond to the positions of the bottom and top of the spiral heat exchange tube (4). The bottom and top of the spiral heat exchange tube (4) are respectively connected to the heat exchange fluid outlet (15) and heat exchange fluid inlet (6). The spiral heat exchange tube (4) exchanges heat with the heat transfer metal trays (14). The number of layers of spiral heat exchange tube (4) and the temperature of the fluid inside the tube are changed according to the heat exchange requirements. The upper end cap (8) is provided with a hydrogen inlet / outlet (9).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end cap (2) is threadedly sealed with the threaded section (3) of the pressure heat exchange shell, and sealed by a sealing ring (16); the upper end cap (8) is welded to the top of the pressure heat exchange shell (5); A triangular bracket (11) is welded at the same height on both sides of the pressure heat exchange shell (5), and the two triangular brackets (11) are 180° apart in the radial direction; The bottom of the lower end cap (2) is connected to a square component (17) for loading and unloading.

3. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy assembly / disassembly as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13) is made by mixing expanded graphite and binder, and then pressing it into shape in a mold by a tablet press under a set pressure. The diameter range is 18~200 mm.

4. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy assembly / disassembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer metal tray (14) has a bushing section (21) with a height greater than the thickness of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13), and the height range is 4 to 50 mm; the cross-shaped through-hole b (22) is larger than the cross-shaped protrusion (12), the round hole size ranges from 6 to 40 mm, the long section length ranges from 3 to 20 mm, the short section ranges from 1.5 to 10 mm, and the width ranges from 2 to 10 mm; the inner diameter of the bushing section (21) is larger than the diameter of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13), and the size range is 20 to 220 mm; the outer diameter of the heat transfer metal tray (14) is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring formed by the spiral heat exchange tube (4), and the size range is 22 to 230 mm.

5. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy assembly / disassembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the ring formed by the spiral heat exchange tube (4) is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure heat exchange shell (5), and the size range is 28 to 250 mm. The diameter of the cross-shaped through hole a18 of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13) is the same as the diameter of the cross-shaped through hole b (22) of the heat transfer metal tray (14). The thickness of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13) is smaller than the height of the bushing section (21) of the heat transfer metal tray (14), and its thickness ranges from 3 to 37 mm. The number N of the solid hydrogen storage alloy packing (13) ranges from 1 to 30 pieces.

6. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer metal tray (14) has a thickness range of 1 to 8 mm in its annular region. The spacing between each adjacent layer of the cross protrusions (12) on the electric heating rod (1) is 6 to 60 mm. The number of layers is consistent with the number of solid hydrogen storage alloy fillers (13), which is 1 to 30 layers.

7. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer metal tray (14) has 8 protrusions on the lower surface of the support section (20) corresponding to the outer area of ​​the central cross-shaped through hole b (22). When filling or disassembling, the heat transfer metal tray (14) is rotated and locked, and then fixed with the cross protrusion (12). The heat transfer metal tray (14) and the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13) are pushed or pulled out by the electric heating rod (1).

8. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure heat exchange shell (5), the upper end cap (8), and the threaded section (3) of the pressure heat exchange shell are all welded and ground. The heat exchange fluid outlet (15) and heat exchange fluid inlet (6) of the spiral heat exchange tube (4) are welded to both ends of the pressure heat exchange shell (5), and the two are 180 degrees apart in the radial direction of the shell.

9. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electric heating rod (1) is installed concentrically with the lower end cap (2). After drilling a hole in the center of the lower end cap (2), the heating rod is welded to the lower end cap (2).

10. A solid-state hydrogen storage and release device with enhanced heat exchange, optimized wall stress, and easy loading and unloading as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the electric heating rod (1) is closed, and the lower end is the power-on end (27) with wires leading out, which is used to heat the solid hydrogen storage alloy filler (13) when hydrogen is released.

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